Category: Nature/Gardening/Animals

The Illustrated Dictionary of Gardening, Division 1; A to Car. A Practical and Scientific Encyclopædia of Horticulture

ASSISTED BY PROFESSOR J. W. H. TRAIL, A.M., M.D., F.L.S., IN THE PARTS RELATING TO INSECTS AND FUNGI; AND J. GARRETT IN THE FRUIT, VEGETABLE, AND GENERAL GARDEN WORK PORTIONS.

Chapters

30. Part 30

=APPLE-BLOSSOM WEEVIL= (_Anthonomus pomorum_). This is a small beetle of a reddish-brown colour, with three inconspicuous stripes of a paler colour behind the head; the wing cas...

64. Part 64

To proceed with the ordinary system of Shield-budding, the stock (see Fig. 287 _a_) should first have a longitudinal and a transverse incision made in the bark, the former about...

48. Part 48

=B. tinctoria= (dyers').* _fl._ yellow, with wings each furnished with a callosity, or lateral tooth; racemes terminal. _l._ stalked, upper ones nearly sessile; leaflets roundis...

59. Part 59

=B. Carderi= (Carder's).* _fl._ 2-1/2in. long by 1-1/8in. in breadth at the widest part, regularly bell-shaped, with six segments, the three outer rose-coloured, the three inner...

28. Part 28

=AOTUS= (from _a_, without, and _ous_, an ear; in allusion to the absence of appendages in the calyx, which distinguishes it from its allied genus, _Pultenæa_). ORD. _Leguminosæ...

47. Part 47

=B. lanata= (woolly). _fl.-heads_ yellow, solitary, produced in great numbers. Summer. _l._ alternate, or with the lower ones sometimes opposite, deeply divided, and sometimes l...

46. Part 46

_Indian or Chinese Azaleas._ This is a section of greenhouse evergreen varieties obtained from _A. indica_ (which _see_), blooming continuously from November to June, or even la...

66. Part 66

=B. lucida= (shining).* _fl._ pink; petals hastately kidney-shaped; pedicels hispid; racemes spiked, erect, short, smooth. May. _l._ obovate, cuneiform, obtuse, or mucronate, sm...

25. Part 25

=ANGULOA= (commemorative of Angulo, a Spanish naturalist). ORD. _Orchidaceæ_. A small genus containing about six species. The flowers, which are large and beautiful, are borne s...

60. Part 60

=B. serrulata= (serrulate).* _fl._ of a deep rose colour, very fragrant; peduncles aggregate, terminal. July. _l._ trapeziform, acute, serrulated in front, smooth, full of gland...

2. Part 2

=A. pectinata= (comb-like).* _l._ linear, solitary, flat, obtuse, stiff, turned-up at the points, two-ranked, 1/2in. to 1in. long, shining green above, with two lines of silvery...

27. Part 27

=A. Kalbreyeri= (Kalbreyer's).* _l._ palmate, about 2-1/2ft. across; leaflets nine, obovate-oblong, acuminate, sinuate, thick, glabrous, rich deep green, those furthest from the...

69. Part 69

=C. Masuca= (Masuca).* _fl._, sepals and petals deep violet colour, with an intense violet-purple lip; numerously produced on spikes 2ft. long. June to August. India, 1838. (B....

49. Part 49

=BASSIA= (named after Ferdinando Bassi, Curator of the Botanic Garden at Bologna). ORD. _Sapotaceæ_. Handsome lofty-growing lactescent stove trees, with axillary, solitary, or a...

50. Part 50

=BEAUFORTIA= (commemorative of Mary, Duchess of Beaufort, a botanical patroness). Including _Schizopleura_. ORD. _Myrtaceæ_. Elegant free-flowering greenhouse Australian shrubs....

14. Part 14

=A. macracantha= (long-spined).* _fl._ greenish, 2in. long, ten to twelve in a loose raceme 6in. long, all solitary on ascending pedicels 1/4in. to 1/2in. long; scape 2ft. to 3f...

29. Part 29

=APOCYNUM= (from _apo_, away, and _kyon_, a dog; adopted by Dioscorides, because the plant was supposed to be poisonous to dogs). ORD. _Apocynaceæ_. Dog's Bane. Perennial erect...

63. Part 63

=B. grandiflora= (large-flowered).* _fl._, corolla with a greenish-yellow tube, which is clothed with glandular villi, and a white or very pale lilac limb; peduncles one-flowere...

45. Part 45

_Propagation by Offsets._ When top-dressing, any offsets with roots should be removed, and as soon after as possible the remaining ones should be taken off, as it is much more d...

58. Part 58

=B. serrulatum= (saw-edged).* _cau._ elongated, stout, ascending. _sti._ 6in. to 12in. long, strong, erect, smooth, nearly naked. _fronds_ oblong-acuminate, 1ft. to 2ft. long, 6...

44. Part 44

=ATHAMANTA= (named from Mount Athamas, in Sicily, where some species are found). ORD. _Umbelliferæ_. A genus of greenhouse or hardy herbaceous plants, usually velvety from villi...

65. Part 65

=BULBS.= A Bulb is formed upon or beneath the ground, and is a swollen stock, consisting, in the first place, of a more or less fleshy disk, which below gives rise to the roots;...

62. Part 62

=B. geminiflora= (twin-flowered).* Twin Flower. _fl._ rich orange-red, tubular, drooping, disposed in the upper part of the flower-stems, which are sometimes 2ft. long. July. _l...

37. Part 37

_Forcing._ Asparagus can, if properly treated, be obtained from December onwards; and at Christmas time the produce is very valuable; but, in order to obtain it at this season,...

16. Part 16

=ALLAMANDA= (named in memory of Dr. Allamand, of Leyden, who first communicated seeds of this genus to Linnæus). ORD. _Apocynaceæ_. Elegant climbing evergreen stove plants. Pedu...

24. Part 24

=A. multifida= (many-cleft).* _fl._ red, whitish yellow, or citron colour, small; sepals five to ten, elliptical, obtuse; peduncles three, one-flowered, one of which is naked an...

26. Part 26

=A. squamosa= (scaly). Sweet Sop. _fl._, outer petals linear-oblong, somewhat concave at the base, nearly closing, greenish-yellow. _fr._ egg-shaped, scaly. _l._ oblong, bluntis...

35. Part 35

=ARTEMISIA= (from Artemis, one of the names of Diana). Mugwort; Southernwood; Wormwood. ORD. _Compositæ_. A very large genus of mostly hardy herbaceous perennials, few of which,...

36. Part 36

=ARUNDO= (origin of word doubtful; stated by some authorities to be from _arundo_, a reed; and others as from the Celtic _arn_, signifying water). Reed. ORD. _Gramineæ_. A very...

5. Part 5

To be successfully cultivated, they must be started and grown in stove heat till they commence flowering, when they may be removed to the conservatory or greenhouse, there to re...

18. Part 18

=A. Perryi= (Perry's).* _fl._, perianth greenish, nine to ten lines long; raceme dense, 3in. to 4in. long; pedicels three to four lines long; inflorescence 1-1/2ft. long, common...

10. Part 10

=A. lunulatum= (crescent-leaved).* _sti._ 4in. to 6in. long, tufted, wiry. _fronds_ 6in. to 12in. long, 1in. to 2in. broad, simply pinnate; pinnæ 3/4in. to 1in. broad, 1/2in. to...

17. Part 17

=A. incana= (hoary).* _l._ broadly oval or ovate, rounded at the base, sharply serrate, whitened, and mostly downy beneath. _h._ 8ft. to 20ft. North Temperate regions. This affe...

39. Part 39

=A. Baptistii= (Baptist's).* _sti._ 6in. to 8in. long. _fronds_ 1ft. long, bipinnate, broadly ovate; pinnæ stipitate, the lower about 5in. long, with four narrow stipitate linea...

12. Part 12

=ÆSCHYNANTHUS= (from _aischuno_, to be ashamed, and _anthos_, a flower). ORD. _Gesneraceæ_. A genus of very beautiful twining, radicant or parasitical stove shrubs, with opposit...

51. Part 51

=BEETLES= (_Coleoptera_). Beetles form one of the most extensive orders of insects, there being upwards of 3000 known British species. They vary much in appearance, but a Beetle...

20. Part 20

=A. montanum= (mountain). _fl._ yellow, sweet-scented; raceme simple. May to July. _l._ somewhat hoary; lower ones obovate; upper ones oblong. Stems rather herbaceous, diffuse,...

57. Part 57

=B. Saundersii= (Saunders').* _fl._ about 2in. long, disposed in a loose pendulous inflorescence; sepals crimson, half the length of the petals, which are yellow outside and blu...

68. Part 68

ADOLPHE ADAMS, green leaf-ground, densely speckled with white, and rose-coloured midribs; ADOLPHE AUDRIEN,* a very attractive variety, with fine large richly-coloured foliage; A...

9. Part 9

=ADIANTUM= (from _adiantos_, dry, as if plunged in water it yet remains dry). Maidenhair. ORD. _Filices_. A large genus of handsome tropical and temperate ferns. _Sori_ marginal...

71. Part 71

=C. speciosus= (showy).* _fl._ scarlet; calyx villous. March to July. _l._ lanceolate, mucronate, flat, middle nerve rather prominent; when young, rather silky from adpressed vi...

15. Part 15

=AGROSTEMMA= (from _agros_, a field, and _stemma_, a crown; alluding to the beauty of the flowers, which were formerly made into crowns or garlands). Rose Campion. ORD. _Caryoph...

32. Part 32

=A. Veitchii= (Veitch's).* _l._ digitate, with about eleven filiform undulated leaflets, glossy green above, dark red beneath; petioles long and slender. New Caledonia, 1867. A...

40. Part 40

=A. flaccidum= (relaxed). _sti._ tufted, 4in. to 8in. long. _fronds_ 1ft. to 3ft. long, 4in. to 8in. broad, often pendent, with numerous lanceolate pinnæ, which are 4in. to 8in....

31. Part 31

=A. formosa= (handsome).* _fl._, sepals bright red, usually less than 1in. long, with an obtuse green tip; limb of petals yellow, about half as long as the sepals; spurs 1/2in....

55. Part 55

=B. purpurea= (purplish).* _fl.-heads_ numerous, pedunculate, corymbose, circular, 3in. across, surrounded by an involucre of spreading or reflexed linear oblong bracts. _l._, l...

61. Part 61

=B. Humboldtii corymbiflora= (Humboldt's corymb-flowered).* _fl._ white, large, fragrant, disposed in terminal racemes; tubes long. Autumn and winter. _l._ ovate, oblong-acumina...

1. Part 1

ASSISTED BY PROFESSOR J. W. H. TRAIL, A.M., M.D., F.L.S., IN THE PARTS RELATING TO INSECTS AND FUNGI; AND J. GARRETT IN THE FRUIT, VEGETABLE, AND GENERAL GARDEN WORK PORTIONS.

23. Part 23

=A. lanuginosa= (woolly-leaved).* _fl._ delicate rose, with a small yellow eye, umbellate. June to October. _l._ nearly 1in. long, clothed with shiny silken hairs. _h._ 6in. to...

41. Part 41

=A. planicaule= (flat-stiped).* _sti._ tufted, 3in. to 6in. long, naked. _fronds_ 6in. to 12in. long, 2in. to 3in. broad, with twelve to twenty stalked horizontal pinnæ on each...

8. Part 8

=ACTINIOPTERIS= (from _aktin_, a ray, and _pteris_, a fern; the fronds are radiately cut into narrow segments). ORD. _Filices_. Sori linear-elongated, sub-marginal; involucres (...

75. Part 75

=CANDOLLEA= (named after Augustus Pyramus De Candolle, formerly Professor of Botany, at Geneva, and author of numerous botanical works). ORD. _Dilleniaceæ_. A genus of very orna...

13. Part 13

=AGARICUS= (derived from _Agaria_, the name of a town in Sarmentosa). Mushroom. ORD. _Fungi_. The most extensive genus known. It, however, contains but one or two species of cul...

19. Part 19

=A. Leichardtiana= (Leichardt's).* _cau._ 10ft. to 20ft. high. _sti._ jointed upon the caudex; main and secondary rachises purple, deciduously powdery, spiny. _fronds_ 6ft. to 1...

22. Part 22

=A. grandiflora= (large-flowered).* _fl._ very variable, but intense blue and deep vermilion red are predominant. May to autumn. _h._ 4in. Habit very compact and neat, and very...

34. Part 34

=ARISTOLOCHIA= (from _aristos_, best, and _locheia_, parturition; in reference to its supposed medicinal character). Birthwort. ORD. _Aristolochiaceæ_. A very large genus of sto...

56. Part 56

=BIEBERSTEINIA= (named after Frederic Marschall Bieberstein, a Russian naturalist, author of "Flora Taurico-Caucasica," and other works). ORD. _Rutaceæ_. A genus of half-hardy h...

54. Part 54

=BEGONIACEÆ.= An order comprising a large number of useful garden plants. The only genera are _Begonia_ and _Begoniella_ (which is not yet in cultivation). Flowers apetalous; pe...

11. Part 11

=Æ. distichantha= (two-ranked-flowered).* _fl._ sepals rose-coloured; petals bright purple; spikes densely clothed with bright red bracts. _l._ long, glaucous, linear-oblong, ta...

21. Part 21

=AMOMUM= (from _a_, not, and _momos_, impurity; in reference to the quality of counteracting poison). ORD. _Zingiberaceæ_. Stove, deciduous, herbaceous perennials, chiefly aroma...

43. Part 43

=ASTILBE= (from _a_, without, and _stilbe_, brilliancy; in allusion to the inconspicuous flowers of some of the species). ORD. _Saxifragaceæ_. Tall branching herbs, with tritern...

70. Part 70

=C. Burbidgei= (Burbidge's).* _fl._ rich yellow, with large lower lip. Autumn and winter. _l._ ovate, distinctly obtusely biserrate, sub-acute, with a narrow wing running down t...

38. Part 38

=A. amabile= (lovely). _sti._ scattered, 6in. to 12in. long, slightly scaly below. _fronds_ 1ft. or more long, 6in. to 12in. broad, with a lanceolate terminal pinna, and three t...

3. Part 3

=A. Catechu= (catechu). _fl._ yellow; spikes cylindrical, solitary, twin, or tern, axillary. March. _l._ with ten pairs of pinnæ, each of which bears forty to fifty pairs of lin...

53. Part 53

=B. platanifolia= (plane-leaved).* S. Stem 5ft. to 6ft. high, erect, robust, smooth, green; joints annulated. _l._ 8in. to 10in. in diameter, reniform, lobed, hispid on both sid...

7. Part 7

=A. alienum= (foreign). _rhiz._ woody. _sti._ 6in. to 18in. long, scaly downwards. _barren fronds_ 1ft. to 2ft. long, often 1ft. broad, the upper part deeply pinnatifid, with la...

33. Part 33

=A. paniculata= (panicled).* _fl._ rose-coloured; panicles terminal, composed of many alternate compound branches, large and elegant; petals and sepals ovate. July. Berries red,...

73. Part 73

ALBA PLENA,* double white; ARCHIDUCHESSE AUGUSTA, petals deep red, veined with blue, a white band; ARCHIDUCHESSE MARIE,* flowers bright red, banded with white, imbricated; AUGUS...

72. Part 72

=CALYCOPHYLLUM= (from _kalyx_, a calyx, and _phyllon_, a leaf; in allusion to one of the teeth of the calyx being expanded into a large petiolate coloured leaf). ORD. _Rubiaceæ_...

74. Part 74

=C. nitida= (shining).* _fl._ blue or white, disposed in spicate racemes; corolla campanulately rotate. Summer. _l._ in rosettes, leathery, very dark and shining green, oblong,...

4. Part 4

=ACER=, (from _acer_, hard or sharp; wood is extremely hard, and was formerly much used for making pikes and lances). Maple. ORD. _Sapindaceæ_. A genus comprised, for the most p...

6. Part 6

=A. flaccidum= (flaccid). _fl._ pale violet, large, on erect spreading peduncles; racemes branched; spur hooked at the apex; helmet high, arched, inclining forwards, gaping. Jul...

52. Part 52

=B. Dregii= (Drege's).* Rootstock fleshy. Stems succulent; annual, 1ft. high. _l._ oblique, thin, green, slightly spotted with grey, reddish on the under side. _fl._ white, abou...

67. Part 67

_Cultivation._ Perhaps no class of plants more easily accommodate themselves to a general system of treatment, than do these; although certain genera would undoubtedly thrive be...

42. Part 42

=A. altaicus= (Altaian).* _fl.-heads_ blue-purple, about 2in. across; stem simple, corymbose, downy. June, July. _l._ linear-lanceolate, entire, blunt mucronate, three-nerved at...

76. Part 76

=CAPSICUM= (from _kapto_, to bite; on account of the biting heat of the seeds and pericarp). ORD. _Solanaceæ_. Shrubs or sub-shrubs, rarely herbs. Peduncles extra-axillary, one-...