A military dictionary

Texts printed in italics in the source document have been transcribed between _underscores_. Small capitals have been changed to ALL CAPITALS. Characters between ~tildes~ repres...

Nothing more plainly shews the misconception which generally prevails, especially in the legislatures of the Union and the several states, than the contradictory motives which a...

In the ellipsis, the square of the ordinate is equal to the rectangle under the parameter and _abscissa_, lessened by another rectangle under the said _abscissa_, and a fourth p...

ALERT, originally derived from the French word _alerte_, which is formed of _a_ and _airte_. The French formerly said _airte_ for _air_; so that _alerte_ means something continu...

_To_ ANIMATE, in a military sense, is to encourage, to incite, to add fresh impulse to any body of men who are advancing against an enemy, or to prevent them from shamefully aba...

_An_ ARMY _of reserve_ may not improperly be called a general depot for effective service. In cases of emergency the whole or detached parts of an army of reserve are generally...

| _Flan- | _Mo- | | _ARMIES._ | ders._ | selle._|_Rhine._|_Italy._ ---------------------------+--------+--------+--------+-------- Number of battalions 80 28 32 48 -------------...

The mortars are generally at first arranged in battery, adjoining the first gun batteries, or upon the prolongation of the capitals of the works; in which place they are certain...

The United States by a law of April 12, 1808, authorised the raising of a regiment of horse artillery of ten companies, of the same number of officers and men as the artillery r...

BAN and ARRIERE BAN, a French military phrase signifying the convocation of vassals under the feudal system. Ménage, a French writer, derives the term from the German word _ban_...

_Mortar_-BATTERY. This kind of battery differs from a gun-battery, only in having no embrasures. It consists of a parapet of 18 or 20 feet thick, 7¹⁄₂ high in front, and 6 in th...

1357. John, king of France, taken prisoner by Edward the Black Prince, brought to England, and ransomed for 3,000,000 crowns, but being unable to pay this sum, he returned to En...

Battle of St. Amand, in which Dampierre the French commander was killed by a cannon ball, in an engagement near the woods of Rhemes and Vicoigne, when the allies were defeated w...

BAYONET, a kind of triangular dagger, made with a hollow handle, and a shoulder, to fix on the muzzle of a firelock or musket, so that neither the charging nor firing is prevent...

_In the Bomb _KINDS._ Ship._ _Tender._ _Total._ ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Mortars, sea service, with Beds, &c. 10 inch 2 -- 2 Quoins...

BREAK-_Ground_, the first opening of the earth to form entrenchments, as at the commencement of a siege. It applies also to the striking of tents and quitting the ground on whic...

_Piers_, the walls built for the support of the arches, and from which they spring as their bases. They should be built of large blocks of stone, solid throughout, and cramped t...

The pall to be supported by officers of the same rank with that of the deceased: if the number cannot be had, officers next in seniority are to supply their place.

The _camps_ of the Greeks and Romans were either round, square, or oval, or rather of an oblong square figure, with the sharp corners taken off; and to secure them against surpr...

The metal of which brass cannon is made, is in a manner kept a secret by the founders; yet, with all their art and secrecy, they have not hitherto found out a composition that w...

_Limbers_ are two-wheel carriages, sometimes made with shafts, and sometimes with beams for drawing double; they serve to support the trail of _field carriages_, by means of the...

CASSINE, in military history, signifies a small house in the country, generally surrounded by a ditch. Cassines are very convenient to post small parties in, where they will be...

lbs. 42 Prs. med and heavy for Rnd. Shot 4 Case 3¹⁄₂ 12 Prs. Light Round Shot 3 Case 3 6 Prs. Desaguliers Round Shot 2¹⁄₄ Case 2 6 Prs. Medium Round Shot 2 Case 6 Prs. light Rou...

_To_ CLUB _a Battalion_ implies generally a temporary inability in the commanding officer to restore any given body of men to their natural front in line or column. This occurs...

_Militia_ COMMISSIONS are issued in different modes in all the United States; officers being elective by the line in some states, as in Pennsylvania; they are appointed by the g...

CORBEILLES, _Fr._ Large baskets, which being filled with earth, and placed one by another along the parapet, serve to cover the besieged from the shot of the besieging enemy. Th...

Art. 89. Every officer authorised to order a general court martial, shall have power to pardon or mitigate any punishment ordered by such court, except the sentence of death, or...

DECAGON, in fortification, is a polygon figure, having 10 sides, and as many angles; and if all the sides are equal, and all the angles, it is called a regular decagon, and may...

Any non commissioned officer or soldier, who shall, without leave from his commanding officer, absent himself from his troop or company, or from any detachment with which he sha...

Wisdom and discretion in council point out the form necessary for the first establishment of a warlike enterprise, or disposition, afford the means of bringing it to a conclusio...

DRESSING _of a battalion after the halt_, is to bring all its relative parts in a line with the point, or object, towards which it was directed to move. Whatever correction is n...

It is in ancient authors we find all that is excellent, either in politics or war: the make and form of arms are changed since the invention of gunpowder; but the science of war...

To the qualities above mentioned, must be added activity and vigilance; both which are absolutely necessary in all operations of war, but especially in the attack of such places...

ETOILES, _Fr._ small redoubts, which are constructed by means of angles rentrant and angles sortant, and have from five to eight saliant points. Each one of their sides or faces...

_Line of march._ Nos. 2, 4, 6, and 8, are on the left, which numbers correspond with the second gunner, the first, second, and third aids of the left; so on the right of the gun...

_To the right_, FACE. 2 motions.--1st, Place the hollow of the right foot smartly against the left heel; 2d, Raise the toes, and turn (a quarter of the circle) to the right on b...

_Open_ FILES in cavalry are the full breadth of a horse from boot-top to boot-top. They contain the distance which is left, when from close files the left files rein back to dis...

_Oblique_ FIRING _by battalions_, or otherwise, according to the ground, is extremely advantageous when it is found expedient to give an oblique direction to part of a line, or...

FOIL, in _fencing_, a long piece of steel of an elastic temper, mounted somewhat like a sword, which is used to learn to fence with; it is without a point, or any sharpness, hav...

_To_ FORM _en potence_, to wheel the right or left flank of a body of men, or to march them forward by files, so as to make that proportion of a line face inwards, and resemble...

_Arrow_, is a work placed at the saliant angle of the glacis, and consists of two parapets, each about 40 fathoms long; this work has a communication with the covert-way, of abo...

Some authors think these works never answer the expence; however, M. Vauban was so sensible of their utility, that he never failed to make them when the ground was convenient fo...

_Lines_, in field fortification, are of several sorts, viz. the front of a fortification, or any other field work, which with regard to the defence, is a collection of lines, co...

_Nouvelle maniere de fortifier les places, tirée de methodes du Chevalier de Ville, du Comte de Pagan, et de M. de Vauban; avec des remarques sur l’ordre renforcé, sur les desse...

When by dint of perseverance, and after having expended considerable sums of money, lost many lives and consumed much time the enemy has at last obtained possession of these wor...

The manner of making the materials for field works, may be seen under the heads _Fascines_, _Gabions_, _Hurdles_, &c. and the manner of estimating the quantity of materials for...

Having thus far considered the bed of the earth on which the building is to be erected, we shall next consider the substruction, as it was called by the ancients; but our modern...

The frequent fumigation of every ship on which troops, or prisoners of war are embarked, is deemed highly material, in order to prevent mischief from confined air. The materials...

The 13 and 10 inch fuzes of the same length burn so nearly equal, that one common length answers both, as do the 8 inch, 5¹⁄₂ and 4²⁄₅. Therefore, to find the length of fuze for...

This company consisted of one captain, four lieutenants, and fifty guards. The captain and officers received their commissions from the king. The first took an oath of fidelity...

GAZETTE, a newspaper. The word is derived from _gazetta_, a Venetian coin, which was the usual price of the first newspaper printed there, and which name was afterwards given to...

The celebrated Marshal Saxe has made the following remarks on the necessary qualifications to form a good general. The most indispensible one, according to his idea, is valor, w...

GENS, _Fr._ when followed by the preposition _de_, and by a substantive, which points out any particular profession, trade, &c. signifies all those persons that belong to one na...

GIROUETTE in the singular number, likewise means figuratively light, inconstant, not to be depended upon. As _ce jeune officier est aussi girouette que ce coutume_. This young o...

GRECIAN _fire_, _feu Gregeois_, _Fr._ a sort of artificial fire, which insinuates itself beyond the surface of the sea, and which burns with increased violence when it mixes wit...

A tree felled with judgment; brushwood cut to a certain distance; pointed stakes, about breast high, placed on the points most assailable by an enemy, may be attended with the g...

GUIGNEAU, _Fr._ This word means the same thing as _chevétre_. It is a piece of wood which joins the joists of a floor, that are cut to make room for the hearth of a chimney-piece.

+--------------+----------- Kind. | Length in | Weight. -------------------+------+-------+----------- |Calib.|ft. in.|ct. qr. lb. 42 Pounders |16.244| 9 6 |66 -- -- 32 ---- |18...

This _red_ L G, F G, or S G, denotes powder entirely made of the cylinder charcoal, and is that which is now always used on service. The white L G being a mixed powder, is not s...

HALTER-CAST. In farriery, an excoriation or hurt in the pastern, which is occasioned by the horse endeavoring to scrub the itching part of the body near the head and neck, and t...

HASSEIN and HOUSSEIN, two brothers, and Mahomedan saints, whose feast is celebrated with great pomp and much enthusiasm in Asia. This festival is kept on the 14th of November, i...

The infantry to carry tents at the rate of 16 men per new tent, and the cavalry 12 men per tent. The necessary outlying guards and detachments, and the readiness of hutting and...

“It seems likewise to be probable from a law quoted by Stiernhook in the treatise which I have mentioned, that the judicial combat was originally permitted in order to determine...

HOPITAL _sur mer_, _Fr._ hospital-ship. A particular vessel, which is always attached to a naval armament, and is provided with the necessary accommodations for the sick and wou...

The first class was composed of officers belonging to the king’s troops, to the body-guards, gens d’armes, light-horsemen, musqueteers, serjeants of companies in the horse grena...

They are under chiefs appointed for the specific purpose of superintending their conduct and behaviour, and are subordinate to particular officers, whose charge is confined to c...

IMPRESS-_Service_, A particular duty which is performed by persons belonging to the navy. Soldiers, that behave ill, in the British service, and from repeated misconduct are dee...

INDIA, _within the river Ganges_. This division consists of a country, which is situated between the latitudes of 6 and 34 degrees north, and between 53 and 91 degrees of east l...

_The Turkish_ INFANTRY (_Infanterie Turque_, _Fr._) is generally composed of regiments that are chosen or select. This body is first divided into two parts called _Capikuli_ and...

Each field officer may moreover give directions to the hospital mate, who is placed under his orders, to examine the recruits when brought for inspection, and to give such medic...

A general may be said to act with _intrepidity_, when with forces inferior to those of his enemy, and under all the disadvantages of ground, &c. he hazards a general action, att...

IRENARCH, (_Irenarque_, _Fr._) An officer, so called in the old Grecian empire, _irenarcha præfectus pacis_. His principal duty was to preserve public tranquillity, and his func...

KUPELE, Straights so called in India, through which the Ganges disembogues itself into Hindustan. They are distant from Delhi about 30 leagues, in the longitude of 96, and in th...

The lacerna was adopted by the Romans towards the close of their republic. Even as late down as the days of Cicero it was unknown amongst them, or if known, censured as a mark o...

LAWS _of the United States_, regulating the military establishment; these are of two descriptions, the first relates to the regular force; the second to the militia, the latter...

Art. 53. Any person belonging to the armies of the United States, who shall make known the watch-word to any person who is not entitled to receive it, according to the rules and...

_Centre_ LEADING-FILE, the last man of the right centre company, division, or section; and the first man of the left centre company, division, or section, are so called, when th...

First.--_To find the height of the apparent level above the true, at any distance._--If the given distance be contained in the table, the correction of level is found in the sam...

LIEUTENANT _Général_, _Fr._ The title and rank of lieutenant-general was of a more desultory nature in France under the old government of that country, than in other countries....

LINE, _or camp courts-martial_. These courts-martial are frequently resorted to, and differ from regimental ones, in as much as they are composed of the officers belonging to di...

In the formation, however, of tables of logarithms, it has been found convenient to adopt a ten-fold progression, as the geometrical progression, and the series of natural numbe...

_Compound_ MACHINES, are formed by various combinations, and serve for different purposes; in all which the same general law takes place, viz. that the power and weight sustain...

MAIDEN, an edged instrument used at Edinburgh in former times for the decapitation of criminals. The original invention is by some attributed to an inhabitant of Halifax, in Yor...

MANIEMENT _des armes_, _Fr._ manual exercise. Although it might be thought superfluous to enter into a minute explanation of the manual as practised by the French, it will not b...

VI. _Charge Bayonets._ (2 _motions_.)--1st. At one motion throw the firelock from the shoulder across the body, to a low diagonal recover, a position known by the name of _porti...

MARCH! (_Marche!_ _Fr._) as a word of command, whenever it is given singly, invariably denotes that _ordinary_ or _triple_ time is to be taken; when the _slow time_ is meant, th...

When the battalion which has marched in perfect order, arrives on its ground, it keeps the _marked time_ until it is dressed, and receives the word _halt_, the step which is the...

In order to accustom soldiers to accurate movements, plummets, which vibrate the required times or march in a minute, have been recommended: musquet balls suspended by a string...

If the president sees a brigade, he will be received at the point of his approach in the manner already directed, by the general commanding it. If a single regiment, in the same...

_General observations on the march of troops._ Observations from a French work, applicable to general service. When troops are ordered to march, four principal objects should be...

MARCHANDS, _Fr._ Slop-sellers, petty-suttlers. Men of this description always flock round and follow an army on its march. As they generally deal in articles which are wanted by...

The great service which this useful corps has frequently rendered, entitles it to a fair record in every publication that treats of military matters. In the course of former war...

In order to obviate these inconveniences, the following method has been proposed:--place two chandeliers, each seven feet high, and two broad, between the uprights, after which...

MATHEMATICS, originally signified any kind of discipline or learning; but, at present, denotes that science which teaches, or contemplates, whatever is capable of being numbered...

| | Con- | | | tents |Equiv. | |of each|to 100 | |measure|acres. | | -- | -- | | squ. | num. Places. | Measures. | feet.| 100 -----------------+---------------------------+-----...

| |Contents | Equiv. | | of each | to 10 | | measure |quarters | | -- | -- | | cubic | num. Places. | Measures. | in. | 100 ----------------------+-----------------------+------...

| | Contents| Equiv. | | of each | to 100 | | measure |gallons | | -- | -- | | cubic | num. Places. | Measures. | in. | 100 ----------------------+----------------------+-------...

| | Length|Equiv.|Equiv. | |of each|to 100|to 100 | |measure| yards| ells | | -- | -- | -- | | lines | num. | num. Places. | Measures. | 100. | 100 | 100 ----------------------+...

|inch | +-----+ | 3|palm | +-----+-----+ | 9| 3|span| +-----+-----+----+ | 12| 4|1¹⁄₄|foot | +-----+-----+----+-----+ | 18| 6| 2| 1¹⁄₂|cubit| +-----+-----+----+-----+----++ | 36...

In the first and 2d kind, the advantage gained by the lever, is as the distance of the power from the prop, to the distance of the weight from the prop. In the 3d kind, that the...

Throughout the whole works of this great man, which are chiefly on _mensuration_, he every where discovers the deepest design and finest invention; and seems to have been (with...

+----------++-------------+---------- Line of least|Charge for||Line of least|Charge for Resistance. | the Mine.|| Resistance. | the Mine. -------------+----------++------------...

_Globe of compression in_ MINES, _from Belidor_. If you imagine a large globe of earth homogeneous in all its parts, and, a certain quantity of powder lodged in its centre, so a...

_Pence_ 100 Aix la Chapelle, the specie rixdollar 42, 75 the current rixdollar 32, 25 Amsterdam, the pound Flemish banco 132, 48 the florin banco 22, 08 the pound Flemish curren...

_Regimental_ MONIES. All sums issued to paymasters for the subsistence, &c. of the men belonging to a regiment, are so called; for the regular distribution of which the paymaste...

++--------------++-------------- 13 Inch.[15] || 10 Inch. || 8 Inch. -------+------++-------+------++-------+------ Ch’ge.|Range.|| Ch’ge.|Range.|| Ch’ge.|Range. -------+------+...

The MOT, or parole, must always be given out during the day, except in cases of emergency; and it must never be delivered to any person, unless the individual who is entrusted w...

MOUSQUETADE, _Fr._ a musquet shot. _Il fut tué d’une mousquetade_; he was killed by a musquet shot. This term is generally used to express a smart discharge of musquetry: _On a...

MUSTER-ROLL, (_état nominatif_, _Fr._) a specific list of the officers and men in every regiment, troop, or company, which is delivered to the muster-master, regimental or distr...

NAUMACHIÆ,or sea-fights, are described as early as the time of the first Punic war, when the Romans first initiated their men in the knowlege of sea affairs. After the improveme...

NIVELEUR _Fr._ a leveller: it is likewise sometimes used to express a trifler; but it does not signify a leveller in the political sense which we apply the English word in these...

OBSTACLES, in a military sense, are narrow passes, woods, bridges, or any other impediments, which present themselves when a battalion is marching to front or rear. These are pa...

The lieutenant general, who is second in command over the artillery and engineers, is, in his civil capacity, the first in rank among the members of the board; which comprehends...

OFFICIER _sur mer_, _Fr._ a sea officer, or any commissioned person in the sea service. The term, however, is not confined to this class only, it likewise signifies the master,...

ORDERS, in a _military sense_, all that is lawfully commanded by superior officers. Orders are given out every day, whether in camp, garrison, or on a march, by the commanding o...

OUVERTURE _et fermeture des portes chez les Turcs_, _Fr._ There are certain laws and regulations among the Turks, by which the janizaries are entrusted with the keys belonging t...

PARALLELS, or places of arms, are deep trenches 15 or 18 feet wide, joining the several attacks together. They serve to place the guard of the trenches in readiness to support t...

_To_ PASS, to march by open order of columns, for the purpose of saluting a reviewing general. Each division or company (on its march) will open its ranks at 20 paces distance f...

PAVESSADES, _Fr._ large portable hurdles, behind which the archers and bowmen were formerly posted. According to Froissart, these hurdles were used long before the reign of Phil...

From these properties of the pendulum we may discern its use as an universal chronometer, or regulator of time. By this instrument, also, we can measure the distance of a ship,...

_Field_-PIECES are twelve pounders, demi-culverins, six pounders, sakers, minions, and three pounders, which move with an army, and are parked behind the second line when it enc...

_To the right aim._ Come smartly to an aim, looking well along the barrel to the object you are aiming at, and turning your body as much as is necessary to aim well, but taking...

PLATFORM, in _gunnery_, is a bed of wood on a battery, upon which the guns stand; each consisting of 18 planks of oak or elm, a foot broad, 2¹⁄₂ inches thick, and from 8 to 15 f...

POMERIUM, in ancient architecture, that space of ground which lay between the walls of a fortified town and the inhabitants’ houses. The term is still used among modern architec...

_To be_ POSTED, in a familiar sense, signifies to be publicly announced as an infamous or degraded character. Hence to post a man as a coward is to stick his name up in a coffee...

PREDESTINARIAN. A person who believes in predestination. Every Turk, may be considered as a predestinarian. A Turkish soldier is taught to believe that it he falls in battle he...

PROJECTILES, are such bodies as, being put in motion by any great force, are then cast off, or let go from the place where they received their quantity of motion; as a shell or...

PULVIS _fulminans_, the thundering powder, a mixture of three parts of saltpetre, two of tartar, and one of brimstone; all finely powdered. A small part, even a single dram of t...

QUARTER-_facing_, is in the new discipline substituted for the old aukward _oblique marching_; it is also called the _line of science_; in ranks _every man_ turns to the right o...

RAMPS, (_Rampes_, _Fr._) in _fortification_, are sloping communications, or ways of very gentle ascent, leading from the inward area, or lower part of a work, to the rampart or...

RAW _troops_, unexperienced soldiers; men who have been little accustomed to the use of arms. This term is generally used in opposition to _veteran troops_. A cool and wise gene...

14. _Bridges._ Remark their situation; their length and breadth; the materials of which they are built; their strength, whether sufficient to bear artillery; the roads leading t...

REDOUBTS _en cremaillere_, differ from all the rest, because the inside line of the parapet is broken in such a manner as to resemble steps of stairs, or teeth of a saw; whereby...

REGULATION, a term generally used in the British army to signify the regulated price at which any commission, or saleable warrant is permitted to be disposed of. These prices ha...

3. Whenever it shall appear that more wood or straw has been drawn than there were officers, soldiers, servants or batmen not soldiers, and washer-women actually present and ent...

REMBOITER, _Fr._ The same as _Emboiter_. To replace, to put together. The latter term is used by the French in artillery and cavalry manœuvres. It is the correlative to _Déboite...

Breaches are seldom attempted at the angle of the epaulement, because that part of the bastion is the most solid and compact, and the most exposed to the fire from the curtain t...

This mode of rewarding individuals for great actions or long services, continued until men inlisted themselves for money, and the army was regularly paid, according to the sever...

In order to effect a passage for his army over the river Segre, Cæsar gave directions that ditches, thirty feet broad, should be dug in such parts of the banks as might with eas...

ROUND _Robbin_. The term is a corruption of _ruban rond_, which signifies a round riband. It was usual among French officers, when they signed a remonstrance, to write their nam...

SASH. A mark of distinction, generally made of crimson silk for the officers, and of crimson mixed with white cotton for the serjeants. It is worn round the waist. Sashes are er...

Public examinations are held in this department, in order to remove students from the lower to the higher division of study; and also for the purpose of granting certificates to...

In consequence of the king’s approbation, the following specific regulation, relative to the orders of Mont-Carmel, and St. Lazarus, of Jerusalem, was issued on the 21st of Janu...

SEPOYS, _Ind._ derived from the Persian _Spahi_. Natives who have inlisted themselves into the service of the East India Company, and are attached to the infantry. These troops...

+---------+---------------+-------+ | | Diameter of | | | | Fuze Hole. | Thick-| | +-------+-------+ ness | | | Out- | In- | of | | Kind. | side. | side. | Metal.| +---------+--...

_To turn a_ SIEGE _into a blockade_, (_Convertir le Siege en blocus_, _Fr._) is to give over the attack, and endeavor to take it by famine; for which purpose all the avenues, ga...

_To_ SIT. In a military sense, to take a stationary position; as, _To sit before a fortified place_; to lie encamped for the purpose of besieging it. The French use the word _as...

SOUDOYES, _Fr._ From _Soudoyer_. To keep in pay. This name was originally given to a body of men who inlisted themselves under Philip Augustus of France, on condition that they...

Each troop, it is observed, ought to be divided into two squads when under forty. Into three or four when above, according to the number, with an equal proportion of non-commiss...

_Quick_ STEP, a military step, consisting of 24 inches, (of which 108 are to be taken in a minute, making 216 feet in a minute) which constitutes what is _now_ called _common ti...

On taking the field, two trusses of 36 pounds each to every five men, at the end of eight days to be refreshed by one truss, and at the end of eight days more to be refreshed ag...

SURPRISES, (_Surprises_, _Fr._) In a military sense, may apply either to those measures which are adopted by one army in the field to surprise another, or to those which are fol...

The late Mr. Tytler, deputy judge advocate of North Britain, who has published an essay on military law, quotes the case of lord George Sackville, when he treats of officers und...

This part of the progression from 8 to 3 being known, we easily conceive how the files of the phalanx had been diminished from 16 to 8 in the ages preceding Turenne. It is to be...

_Aux champs, ou le premier_, is beat when any particular corps of infantry is ordered to march; but if the order should extend to a whole army, it is then called _La générale_,...

_Menager son_ TERRAIN, _Fr._ To make the most of your ground. It is likewise used in a figurative sense, viz. _Un homme est fort quand il est sur son terrain_, _Fr._ A man alway...

TIME, in fencing. There are three kinds of time; that of the sword, that of the foot, and that of the whole body. All the times that are perceived out of their measure, are only...

TORNADO. A Portuguese word which is used on the southern coasts of Africa, to express furious whirlwinds that are often fatal to mariners and seamen. Dr. Johnson calls it genera...

The approaches at a siege are generally carried on upon the capitals of the works attacked; because the capitals produced are, of all other situations in the front of a work, th...

_Light_ TROOPS have been sometimes called irregulars, as they act in detached and loose bodies. The tirailleurs, Tyrolians, Yagers, sharp-shooters, and the _Chasseurs a cheval e...

_Emplois_-VACANS, _Fr._ During the French monarchy, seniority of rank or standing did not give the right of promotion. It belonged solely to the king to appoint and nominate all...

As the placing the vents in mortars, howitzers, and guns in the best manner, is so very delicate a point, and about which both authors and practitioners differ, we will advance...

It is acknowleged by all writers, that the Ulans are a militia, and not a particular nation or class of people; their origin, in this particular, resembles that of the Cossacks....

A regiment, consisting of 1000 men, and provided with three medical persons, ought to be furnished with hospital necessaries and utensils for at least 40 patients. It should be...

Art. 5. Any officer or soldier who shall use contemptuous or disrespectful words against the president of the United States, against the vice-president thereof, against the cong...

Art. 61. Officers having brevets, or commissions, of a prior date to those of the regiment in which they serve, may take place in courts-martial and on detachments, when compose...

WARLIKE _virtues_, are, love of our country, courage, valor, prudence, intrepidity, temperance, disinterestedness, obedience, wisdom, vigilance, and patience. In the last celebr...

| | Contents|Equiv. |Equiv. | | of each|to 100 |to 112 | | weight |pounds |pounds Countries and | Names of | -- | -- | -- Places. | the Weights. | Grains |num. 100|num. 100 ----...

WEIGHT, (_poids_, _Fr._) Impression, pressure, burthen, overwhelming power. The great advantage which heavy cavalry has over the light horse, and particularly over infantry troo...

_Worm of a_ GUN, (_Tire-bourre_, _Fr._) An instrument vermiculated or turned round, that serves to extract any thing into which it insinuates itself by means of a spiral directi...