Category: Mythology, Legends & Folklore

The Old Testament in the Light of the Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia

Bas-relief and inscription of Hammurabi, generally regarded as the Biblical Amraphel (Gen. xiv. 1), apparently dedicated for the saving of his life. In this he bears the title (incomplete) of “King of Amoria” (the Amorites), _lugal Mar[tu]_, Semitic Babylonian _sar mât Amurrî_...

Chapters

19. xxi. 28, though the owner of the offending ox was to go free, the animal

itself was to be stoned to death, and its flesh not eaten. There is no doubt that this was hard on the owner, but it must have had an excellent effect, and ensured the proper en...

18. CHAPTER XIII. THE DECLINE OF BABYLON.

The Jews who remained at Babylon and other cities of the land—Alexander the Great’s intentions with regard to the city, and the result of their non-fulfilment—A Babylonian lamen...

14. CHAPTER X. CONTACT OF THE HEBREWS WITH THE ASSYRIANS.

The Hebrew commonwealth had come into being, and given place to a monarchy, which, passing through many vicissitudes, reached its highest pitch of glory in the time of David and...

4. CHAPTER I. THE EARLY TRADITIONS OF THE CREATION.

The Hebrew account—Its principal points—The Babylonian account—The story of the Creation properly so called—The version given by the Greek authors—Comparison of the Hebrew and t...

10. CHAPTER VI. ABRAHAM.

Haran died in the presence of his father Terah in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees, and afterwards Terah took Abram his son, Lot, his grandson, and Sarai, his son...

12. CHAPTER VIII. THE TEL-EL-AMARNA TABLETS AND THE EXODUS.

Egypt and Syria before the Exodus—The testimony of the Tel-el-Amarna tablets—The relations between the two countries during the reigns of Amenophis III. and IV.—Burra-burias of...

17. CHAPTER XII. LIFE AT BABYLON DURING THE CAPTIVITY, WITH SOME REFERENCE TO

The reign of Nebuchadnezzar—The earliest mention of Nabonidus—Neriglissar and his relations with his fellow-citizens before his accession—He marries his daughter Gigîtum to the...

9. CHAPTER V. BABYLONIA AT THE TIME OF ABRAHAM.

The first dynasty of Babylon—The extent of its dominion—The Amorites—Life in Babylonia at this time—The religious element—The king—The royal family—The people—Their manners and...

16. CHAPTER XI. CONTACT OF THE HEBREWS WITH THE LATER BABYLONIANS.

Nabopolassar and the restoration of the power of Babylonia—Nebuchadnezzar—Evil-Merodach—Neriglissar and his son—Nabonidus—The Fall of Babylon—Nabonidus and Belshazzar—Cyrus and...

6. CHAPTER III. THE FLOOD.

The Biblical account—Its circumstantial nature and its great length—The Babylonian account—The reason of the Flood and why Pir-napištim built the Ark—His devotion to the God Ea—...

11. CHAPTER VII. ISAAC, JACOB, AND JOSEPH.

With the disappearance of Abraham from the scene of his earthly wanderings, a prominent figure connecting Babylonia with Palestine vanishes from history. His son Isaac and his g...

8. xix. 37) is certainly so, and Abed-nego for Abed-nebo is a well-known

But why, it will be asked, should these names have been intentionally changed? The answer is simple. All these names were, or contained, the names of heathen deities, and this o...

5. CHAPTER II. THE HISTORY, AS GIVEN IN THE BIBLE, FROM THE CREATION TO THE

Eden—The so-called second story of the Creation and the bilingual Babylonian account—The four rivers—The tree of life—The Temptation—The Cherubim—Cain and Abel—The names of the...

13. CHAPTER IX. THE NATIONS WITH WHOM THE ISRAELITES CAME INTO CONTACT.

The earliest mention of the Amorites in the Old Testament is the passage in Gen. x. 16, where the name occurs along with that of the Jebusites and the Girgashites, from which ma...

7. CHAPTER IV. ASSYRIA, BABYLONIA, AND THE HEBREWS, WITH REFERENCE TO THE

The Akkadians—The Semitic Babylonians—The Hebrews—Nimrod—Assur—The Tower of Babel and the confusion of tongues—Babylonian temple-towers—How the legend probably arose—The Patriar...

15. Part XI., by permission of the publishing-house of Georg Reimer, Berlin.

It is therefore impossible to say with certainty whether the recital, in forcible though apparently well-chosen language, of what took place in Ḫanigalbat, or Mesopotamia, belon...

3. Chapter XIII. The Decline Of Babylon.

Bas-relief and inscription of Hammurabi, generally regarded as the Biblical Amraphel (Gen. xiv. 1), apparently dedicated for the saving of his life. In this he bears the title (...

2. Chapter V. Babylonia At The Time Of Abraham.

1. Chapter IV. Assyria, Babylonia, And The Hebrews, With Reference To The