The Lake-Dwellings of Europe Being the Rhind Lectures in Archæology for 1888

=1.=--1822. JAMIESON, REV. DR. An Account of some Remains of Antiquity in Forfarshire (Queen Margaret's Inch, Loch of Forfar). _Arch. Scot._, vol. ii. =2.=-- " VENTURI, GIAMBATT...

The excavations conducted by Mr. Jones in 1867 were made by digging several holes about three feet square. In the first two holes nothing was found, but in the third an ox skull...

The celebrated lacustrine station, La Tène, is situated at the north end of Lake Neuchâtel, just close to the present artificially formed outlet where the land end of its mole o...

_Fibulæ_ (=Fig. 91=).--The number of fibulæ from La Tène now amounts to several hundreds. They are all made on one principle, viz. that of our modern safety-pins. This principle...

CONCISE.--Mr. Rochat, who first examined the remains of this settlement, describes a semicircular steinberg which occupied part of the station. (B. 34.) The convex part looked s...

No antiquarian remains were found underneath the wooden structures, but mostly in the intervals between them, where the objects lay almost directly over the shell marl. The sett...

[94] A well-defined stockade, with horizontal beams. A canoe and the following objects recorded from this crannog:--"Two iron swords; a small anvil, very bright and clean; a pai...

"The oldest article," writes Mr. Benn, "from the crannog at Randalstown found, so far as I know, was a stone hatchet, rather of a small size, but not remarkable or uncommon. The...

One of the stations in Moosseedorfsee which became completely exposed in consequence of drainage operations, and was carefully examined by the experienced archæologists Messrs....

The construction of a crannog must have been a gigantic operation in those days, requiring in many cases the services of the whole clan. Having fixed on a suitable locality--the...

Other indications were noticed in the turf-beds at Landstuhl and Durkheim; and below Mayence, Lindenschmit has shown that a pile-dwelling existed in Roman times. Other stations...

"I have to add to this subject the discovery of two much more perfect platforms in a perplexing situation, namely, within the oak slabs. They were composed of eight straight tru...

The pile-dwelling occupied a rectangular space, near the centre of the _bacino_, about 80 yards long from north to south and 30 to 40 yards broad. The turf here varied in thickn...

The second station (Unter Station oder Oefeliplätze) contains a steinberg which communicated with an adjacent tongue of land by a bridge. There was no well-defined relic-bed, bu...

In countries whose lakes and rivers are fed from snow-clad mountains and glaciers, it is observed that their waters find their greatest diminution in winter, when a portion of t...

But the greatest discoveries were due to the workings of the Commission for the Arterial Drainage and Inland Navigation of Ireland, which brought no less than twenty-two additio...

In reviewing the salient features of the Iron Age we have still more complicated problems to deal with. There are, in reality, no lake-dwellings of the early Iron Age in Central...

IRGENHAUSEN.--Only one other settlement has been recognised as a true lake-dwelling in this lake-basin, viz. Irgenhausen, situated about half an hour's walk to the east of Roben...

Lying directly between the lakes of Neuchâtel and Morat there stretches a considerable elevation called Mount Vully, which ends abruptly at its north-west end on the margin of t...

_Iron._--Axe-head (=Fig. 163=), a gouge, six knife-blades, all with tangs, a punch, and three awls. Socketed spear-head, ornamented with two groups of circular lines on the sock...

DAS WEERD.--The existence of the remains of a lake-dwelling at the east end of the Insel Weerd has been known for a long time. The site is close to where a Roman bridge extended...

During the autumn of 1877 the site of a third pile-dwelling was come upon, about 300 yards from the last mentioned, and on the other side of the Isca (see Sketch, p. 171), under...

The Lake of Clairvaux is situated on the first rising plateau of the Jura mountains, not far from the town of Lons-le-Saulnier, and covers an area of about 200 acres. At its nor...

The special feature, however, of this station lies in the number of bronze objects it has yielded. In the Ullersberger collection Dr. Lachmann describes six lance-points (No. 17...

_Stone._--Flint arrow-points, in great numbers, are of a triangular shape and very neatly made. One or two have still traces of asphalt, by means of which they were attached to...

TORBIERA DELLA BRABBIA.--Some forty years ago the peasants commenced to cut peats in the extensive turbary which lies on both sides of the canal Brabbia, and it is recorded that...

The lacustrine dwelling in the KOCKSEE was discovered on the lowering of the lake in the autumn of 1882. When its level had sunk 4½ feet, the structure appeared above the water....

One of the copper daggers was mounted in a handle of withes, the remains of which are still to be seen (No. 2), and strongly reminds one of the flint daggers when similarly moun...

The pottery, of which 45 fragments were collected, was made of fine clay, by means of the potter's-wheel, and from the variety of its ornamentation and characteristic wavy lines...

Those who, like Professor Pigorini, are acquainted with the structural features of the terremare of Northern Italy, will not be surprised at the comparative rarity with which pi...

First in importance are the armlets or anklets, which greatly differ as regards size, form, and ornamentation (=Fig. 188=, etc.). They are closed or open. The former are solid o...

Such was the general tenor of the opinions in regard to the terremare up to 1877, when, owing to the interest then taken in these singular remains and with the view of clearing...

Since the publication of Dr. Stuart's paper in 1866, little progress was made in the investigation of Scottish crannogs, though traces of them were occasionally noticed in vario...

_Various Bronze Mountings._--Among the other objects which from their character and style of art belonged to the same group as we have just described are the following:--(_a_) T...

[53] In a footnote on page 241 of his "Antiquity of Man," Sir Charles states that the Memoir of Professor Crahay was published in 1836, in the _Bulletin de l'Académie Royale de...

Mr. G. H. Kinahan's observations on the Irish crannogs, which now (1863) began to appear, have greatly contributed to the dissemination of a correct knowledge of their structure...

MÄNNEDORF.--I have already incidentally referred to the discovery of the site of a lake-dwelling at Männedorf before 1854, when such antiquities were not understood (page 4). In...

Morton, co. Dumfries. N. S. A., vol. iv. p. 96. Moulin L., drained, co. Perth. O. S. A., vol. v. p. 69. Mountblairy, co. Moray. O. S. A., vol. iv. p. 399. †Moy L., Ellan-na-Glac...

[36] Dr. Meschinelli, in reply to my observations on the Laibach machine, the advanced proofs of which I sent to him, rejects the _beaver-trap_ theory as a possible explanation...

_Wood._--A neat trough, like a butcher's tray, cut out of the solid wood (=Fig. 143=). Five dishes turned on the lathe, bowls, plates, a ladle, etc. A piece of ashwood, 5 inches...

In the Museum at Brunswick, in Germany, I noticed three of these rings, one of which is almost identical with the one from Morges, differing from it only in the details of the o...

The station at Creux de Tougues is the most important of the group, and it has furnished a large number of antiquities. It is about 130 yards from the shore, in a depth of water...

Shortly after the middle of last century certain artificial deposits of an earthy substance found scattered in the shape of large, flattish mounds, over the provinces of Parma,...

IL BOR.--Previous to the investigations of Il Bor by Cavazzocca (B. 355), Dr. Alberti had estimated the number of heads of piles visible on this station at 500, but this number...

"Les fouilles que j'ai faites, depuis une dizaine d'années, dans les villages lacustres de l'âge de la pierre, m'ont prouvé qu'ils n'ont pas tous été habités à la même époque, m...

Dr. Giacometti first (1868) directed attention to the terramara deposits in the province of Mantua, and showed their similarity to those of Emilia. A few miles north-east of the...

=3.=--WOLLISHOFEN: Nos. 1 and 2, Grip-ends of two swords--3, 4, 5, and 14, Various forms of arrow-heads--6, 8 to 11, 19, and 23 to 26, Specimens of pins--7, Ornamented socketed...

Sabione, Lake-dwelling at, 200 _Säblenadeln_, 527 Sacken, Baron von, 170, 218 Saham _Mere_, 467 Salt-mining at Salzburg, 502 Samian ware (_terra sigillata_), 12, 142, 340, 403,...

LAKE VARESE. =48.=--ISOLA VIRGINIA: Nos. 1 and 2, Flint knife and saw--3, Flint scraper in a horn handle--4, Flake-knife of obsidian--5, Bronze knife--6, Bronze dagger--7 to 9,...

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=124.= ---- Nos. 1 and 2, Iron swords--3, Iron spear-head--4 and 5, Axe and adze of iron--6 to 9, and 17, Bronze rings--10, Bronze dish--11, 12 and 14, Glass beads--13, Amber be...

Backgammon men, 366, 484 Badeplatz, Lake-dwelling at, 80 Baldegg L., Lake-dwellings in, 81 Ball of stone like cannon-ball, 321 Ballaghmore, Crannog at, 390 Ballinafad, Crannog a...

Transcriber's Notes: Underscores "_before_" and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text. Equal signs "=" before and after a word or phrase indicate =bold=...

Hackett L., Crannog in, 392, 492 Hadrian, Coin of, 366 Hafting stone celts, method of, 125, 501 Hagenow, Mr. von, on lake-dwellings at Ryck, 312 Hagneck, Lake-dwelling at, 30 Ha...

=387.=-- " REGAZZONI, E. Gli scavi della Lagozza. _Riv. A. del Prov. di Como._ =388.=-- " STROBEL, P. Il teschio del porco delle marière, Studio comparativo. _Atti della Soc. It...

"Concerning the people of the Phasis, that region is marshy and hot, and full of water, and woody; and at every season frequent and violent rains fall there. The inhabitants liv...

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