Chapter 11

=Page 87.=--1. =ne ... que plus tard=, _not ... till later_.

2. =cela semblait devoir durer=, _it seemed as if that must last_.

=Page 88.=--1. =ils voient les hommes en grand=, _they see great possibilities in mankind_.

2. =de pareilles gens=, _such people_; i.e. the Republicans.

3. =de la part de=, _from_; customary with _lettre_.

=Page 89.=--1. =se=, _one another_.

2. =allemand de Saxe=, _German of the province of Saxony_; i.e., good German as opposed to the dialect which Fritzel heard in Anstatt.

3. =Mayence=, the German fortified city Maintz on the Rhine.

=Page 90.=--1. =Palatinat, Hundsrück=; the border country between France and Germany. Anstatt was one of the villages in this region.

2. =en=, _as_.

3. =Trèves=, the German city Trier, on the Moselle.--=Spire=, the German city Speyer, on the Rhine.

=Page 91.=--1. =renversé=, _who had fallen back_.

=Page 92.=--1. =anciens=, _former_.

=Page 93.=--1. =il n'y aura que la route de pénible=, _the only painful thing will be the journey on the road_.

=Page 95.=--1. =ce qui finissait de m'abreuver d'amertume=, freely, _what filled my cup of bitterness to the brim_.

2. =dans les siècles des siècles=, _for ever and ever_.

3. =se=, _for herself_.

=Page 96.=--1. =avaient pour deux liards=, cf. page 48, note 1.

2. =kougelreiter=: "_long cavalry pistols_," "_horse pistols_."

=Page 98.=--1. =ses connaissances=, _what he knows_.

2. =des entrailles=, _of my heart_.

=Page 100.=--1. =bois de lit=, _foot-board_.

=Page 101.=--1. =Sauf votre respect=, _with due respect_, or _begging your pardon_.

=Page 103.=--1. =il aura demandé=, _he must have asked_.

2. =le garde forestier=, _the forester_.

3. =comme pas un contrebandier=, _as no smuggler knew it_; i.e. _better than any smuggler_.

=Page 104.=--1. =en=, _for it_.

=Page 105.=--1. =que=, omit.

2. =Donc=, _so_.

3. =Le 8 nivôse=, _28 December_.

4. =an II=, _1793_. See Introduction, § 9.

=Page 106.=--1. =d'honnête homme=, _as an honest man_.

=Page 107.=--1. =Trois Maisons=, probably some small village on the road.

2. =Orangerie=, probably a residence occupied by officers.

3. =Conventionnels=, _members of the Convention_, like our congressmen.

=Page 108.=--1. =nationalité=, had Dr. Wagner taken service in the French army he would have been guilty of treason.

2. =Il écrivit ... au bout de la table=, _he went to the end of the table and wrote_.

=Page 110.=--1. =Adjugé=, _taken_; a word used at auctions to indicate that the bidder accepts an article at the price named.

=Page 111.=--1. =A la baïonnette=, _charge bayonets_.

2. =feu de charbonnière=, _charcoal burner's fire_; the _charbonnière_ is the place where charcoal is being made, and the allusion is to the crackling of the fire in the big heaps of brush.

3. =La Marseillaise=, the French national hymn alluded to on page 16, line 29, where it is not expressly named. An interesting history of this air is given by Karl Blind in _The Nineteenth Century_ for July, 1901, No. 283, page 93. Roget de l'Isle, the author of the song, was in Strasburg and was asked to write words and music for a war song in honor of the volunteers who were marching to battle from the city. He wrote the words, for his music he adapted the Credo of the Mass from a composition written in 1776 by Holzmann, _Kapellmeister_ to the Elector of the Palatinate.

4. =au pas de course=, _double quick_.

5. =quitter la partie=, _to give up_.

=Page 112.=--1. =couper=, applied to the ordinary minor operations; =trancher=, to amputations made because the injured members could not be saved; =amputer=, to the usual amputations made to save the lives of the wounded.

=Page 116.=--1. =il a l'air bon enfant=, _he looks like a good fellow_.

=Page 117.=--1. =1er=, read =premier=.

2. =encore=, _more_.

3. =ventre à terre=, cf. page 12, note 2.

VOCABULARY

Words identical in form and meaning in French and English, as well as a few others the meanings of which are evident, have been purposely omitted.

=A=

=à=, to, toward, at, in, for, with, of, by, from, on; as; about, against.

=abaisser=, to put down, lower; =s'--=, to lower, be lowered, stoop.

=abandonné, -e=, abandoned, left.

=abandonner=, to abandon, quit, leave, desert.

=abattre=, to beat, knock down; discourage.

=abeille=, _f._, bee.

=abolir=, to abolish, repeal.

=abonner (s')=, to subscribe (=à=, for).

=abord=, _m._, access, approach; =d'--=, at first; besides.

=aboyer=, to bark.

=abreuver=, to water, saturate; overwhelm.

=abreuvoir=, _m._, horse-pond.

=absolu, -e=, absolute, despotic.

=absolument=, absolutely.

=accabler=, to overwhelm, load with.

=accepter=, to accept, receive.

=accompagner=, to accompany.

=accomplir=, to effect, finish, complete, perform.

=accord=, _m._, agreement; =d'--=, harmonious, agreed.

=accrocher=, to hang (up).

=accroupi, -e=, crouching, seated.

=accuser=, to accuse.

=acheminer (s')=, to journey, proceed.

=acheter=, to buy.

=achever=, to finish; kill.

=acte=, _m._, document, certificate.

=acti-f, -ve=, active.

=action=, _f._, act; battle.

=adieu=, _m._, goodby, farewell.

=adjugé, -e=, gone! (at auctions), taken!

=admirer=, to admire.

=adopter=, to adopt.

=adresse=, _f._, address, skill; speech.

=adresser=, to address; =s'-- à=, to address oneself to.

=affaire=, _f._, thing, affair, matter, business.

=affaisser (s')=, to sink, give way.

=affamé, -e=, famished.

=affection=, _f._, love, attachment.

=affreu-x, -se=, frightful.

=afin que=, in order that.

=âge=, _m._, age.

=agenouiller (s')=, to kneel.

=agir=, to act, do; =il s'agit (de)=, the problem is, we must.

=agiter=, to move, disturb; =s'--=, to move, writhe, struggle.

=aide=, _m._, helper; _f._, aid.

=aider=, to help.

=aigu, -ë=, piercing, sharp.

=aiguille=, _f._, needle; =travaux d'--=, needlework.

=aile=, _f._, wing.

=ailleurs=, elsewhere, otherwise; =d'--=, besides.

=aimer=, to love; =-- mieux=, to prefer.

=aîné, -e=, elder; _m._, elder (brother, &c.).

=ainsi=, thus, so; =-- de suite=, and so forth; =pour -- dire=, so to speak; =-- que=, as well as.

=air=, _m._, air; tune, manner; look; =en l'--=, astir, upward; =grand --=, open air; =avoir l'--=, to seem, appear; =d'un --=, in a manner; =les yeux en l'--=, looking upward.

=aise=, _f._, ease.

=ajouter=, to add.

=alentour=, around, about; =d'--=, neighboring.

=aligné, -e=, in a straight line.

=aligner=, to range, station.

=allée=, _f._, passageway, entry.

=Allemand=, _m._, German.

=allemand, -e=, German; _m._, German (man); =en --=, in German.

=Allemande=, _f._, German woman.

=Allemagne=, _f._, Germany.

=aller=, to go; -- (+ _inf._), to be on the point of; =s'en --=, to depart; =-- mieux=, to be _or_ get better; =-- de mieux en mieux=, to get better and better; =comment va?= how is? =allons=, come! well! =-- coucher=, to go to bed.

=allongé, -e=, elongated.

=allonger=, to stretch, quicken; =-- se jambes=, to exert oneself; =s'--=, to stretch.

=allumer=, to light.

=almanach=, _m._, almanac.

=alors=, then.

=alouette=, _f._, lark.

=alsacien, -ne=, Alsatian.

=Altenberg=, _name of a local hill_.

=amasser=, to heap up, amass.

=amateur=, _m._, lover, admirer.

=ambulance=, _f._, field hospital, ambulance wagon.

=âme=, _f._, soul, mind.

=amener=, to bring.

=am-er, -ère=, bitter; sad, painful.

=amertume=, _f._, bitterness; grief.

=ami=, _m._, friend.

=amical, -e=, friendly, kind.

=amour=, _m._ love; =-- propre=, self-respect.

=amputer=, to cut off, amputate.

=amusement=, _m._, entertainment.

=amuser (s')=, to amuse oneself, have a good time.

=an=, _m._, year.

=ancien, -ne=, old, former; =l'--=, old fellow.

=anguleu-x, -se=, angular.

=animer=, to give life, liven; =s'--=, to cheer up, grow animated.

=année=, _f._, year.

=annoncer=, to announce, inform.

=apaiser=, to soothe, pacify, calm; =s'--=, to be calmed, grow quiet.

=apercevoir=, to perceive, see; =s'--=, to be aware, notice.

=apôtre=, _m._, apostle.

=apparaître=, to appear.

=appartenir=, to belong (to).

=appeler=, to call; =s'--=, to be named, one's name is.

=appétit=, _m._, appetite.

=applaudir=, to applaud.

=apporter=, to bring.

=apprendre=, to learn, teach.

=apprêter=, to prepare.

=approche=, _f._, approach, coming.

=approcher= (_and_ =s'=), (=de=), to approach; _tr._, draw up.

=approuver=, to approve, nod assent.

=appuyé, -e=, leaning.

=appuyer=, to lay stress on; =s'--=, to emphasize; lean (on).

=après=, after, afterward; next to.

=après-midi=, _m._, afternoon.

=à-propos=, _m._, fitness.

=aquilin, -e=, hooked, aquiline.

=arbre=, _m._, tree.

=arche=, _short for_ =marche=, forward march!

=ardoise=, _f._, slate.

=arête=, _f._, fishbone; =en --s=, in sharp outlines.

=argent=, _m._, silver; money.

=aristocrate=, _m._, aristocrat.

=arme=, _f._, arm, weapon, gun; =l'-- au bras=, supporting arms.

=armée=, _f._, army.

=armoire=, _f._, closet.

=arranger=, to arrange.

=arrêté, -e=, resolved upon, fixed upon.

=arrêter=, to stop; =s'--=, to stop, stand still.

=arrière=, behind, backward; =en --=, back(ward).

=arrivée=, _f._, coming, arrival.

=arriver=, to arrive, come, keep, have come; happen; =en arrivant=, after arriving; =il t'arrive de=, you chance to.

=arrondir=, to make round, round.

=assemblé, -e=, assembled.

=assemblée=, _f._, gathering; parliament.

=assembler=, to unite, collect.

=asseoir=, to set, seat; =s'--=, to take a seat.

=assez=, enough, rather; =bien --=, quite enough.

=assiette=, _f._, plate.

=assiettée=, _f._, plateful.

=assignat=, _m._, paper money of the French Revolution.

=assis, -e=, seated.

=assistant=, _m._, person present.

=assommer=, to knock down.

=assoupir (s')=, to grow drowsy, fall asleep.

=assurer=, to assure.

=âtre=, _m._, fireplace.

=attacher=, to fasten, tie; =s'--=, to hold to.

=attaque=, _f._, attack.

=attaquer=, to attack.

=attelage=, _m._, team, teams.

=attendre=, to wait for, await; =s'--=, (à), to expect, count on.

=attendri, -e=, moved, affected.

=attendrir=, to move, affect; =s'--=, to be moved, grow tender.

=attendrissement=, _m._, tenderness; emotion.

=attenti-f, -ve=, attentive.

=attirer=, to draw, incite.

=attrape=, _f._, trap.

=attraper=, to catch, receive.

=attrister=, to make sad.

=au=, _contraction for_ =à le=, to the, &c.

=auberge=, _f._, inn.

=aubergiste=, _m._, inn-keeper.

=aucun, -e=, any; no, not any.

=audace=, _f._, boldness.

=audacieu-x, -se=, daring, imprudent.

=au-dessous (de)=, below, under; from below.

=au-dessus (de)=, above.

=augmenter=, to increase.

=aujourd'hui=, to-day.

=auparavant=, before, first.

=auprès (de)=, near by, close to, about.

=auquel=, _for_ =à lequel=.

=aussi=, also, too; so, as; =-- que=, as ... as.

=aussitôt=, at once; =-- que=, as soon as.

=autant=, as much; =-- que=, as much as, as many as; =d'-- plus que=, so much the more so.

=automne=, _m._, autumn.

=autour (de)=, around.

=autre=, other; =l'--=, the other; =les --s=, the others.

=autrefois=, formerly, once.

=autrement=, otherwise.

=autrichien, -ne=, Austrian.

=auxquelles=, _for_ =à lesquelles=.

=avaler=, to swallow.

=avance=, _f._, projection; =d'--=, beforehand.

=avancer=, to advance, bring forward, =s'--=, to proceed, get on, advance.

=avant=, _prep._, before; _adv._, forward, before; =en --=, forward.

=avantage=, _m._, advantage, benefit.

=avant-hier=, day before yesterday.

=avant-poste=, _m._, outpost.

=avare=, _m._, miser.

=avec=, with.

=avenir=, _m._, future; =à l'--=, in the future.

=aveugle=, _m. or f._, blind person.

=aveuglement=, _m._, blindness.

=avis=, _m._, opinion, notice.

=avoir=, to have; keep; =-- raison=, to be right; =-- tort=, to be wrong; =-- l'air=, to seem; =-- peur=, to be afraid; =-- faim=, to be hungry; =-- froid=, to be cold; =-- six ans=, to be six years old; =-- sommeil=, to be sleepy; =-- inquiétude=, to be anxious; =il y a=, there is, there are; =il y a trois jours=, three days ago.

=avoir=, _m._, possessions.

=avouer=, to confess, admit.

=ayant=, _pres. act. part. of_ =avoir=.

B

=baguette=, _f._, drumstick.

=bâiller=, to yawn.

=baïonnette=, _f._, bayonet; =à la -- =, charge bayonets.

=baiser=, _m._, kiss.

=baiser=, to kiss.

=baissé, -e=, lowered.

=baisser=, to lower; =se --=, to stoop.

=balai=, _m._, broom.

=balancer=, to swing, flicker, move back and forth; =se --=, to swing, flicker.

=balayer=, to sweep.

=balle=, _f._, bullet.

=bande=, _f._, band, company; string, strip.

=bandeau=, _m._, bandage.

=bandit=, _m._, robber, vagabond.

=baptême=, _m._, christening.

=baquet=, _m._, trough, tub, bucket.

=baraque=, _f._, shed, hovel.

=barbare=, savage, rude.

=barricader=, to barricade.

=barrière=, _f._, barrier.

=bas, -se=, low, here below.

=bas=, _m._, lower part; stocking; =en --=, down stairs; =du haut en --=, from head to foot.

=bas=, _adv._, down, low; in a low tone; with a low ceiling.

=bataille=, _f._, battle, fight; =livrer --=, to fight a battle.

=bataillon=, _m._, battalion.

=bâtir=, to build; =se --=, to be built.

=bâton=, _m._, staff, stick.

=battement=, _m._, beating.

=batterie=, _f._, fight; battery.

=battre=, to beat, strike; =se --=, to fight; =-- en retraite=, to beat a retreat.

=béant, -e=, wide open.

=beau= or =bel, belle=, beautiful; lofty, noble; =d'une belle=, luckily; =en --=, on the bright side.

=beaucoup=, much, a great many, very.

=bel, belle=, _see_ =beau=.

=béni, -e=, blessed.

=bénir=, to bless.

=besoin=, _m_., need, want; =avoir --= de, to need, want; =au --=, in case of need.

=bête=, silly, stupid.

=bête=, _f._, animal.

=bien=, _m._, good; property.

=bien=, well, quite, fully; really, of course, to be sure; else; =eh --=, well! =-- de=, much, many; =ou --=, or _(emphatic)_.

=bienheureu-x, -se=, happy; _m._, happy person.

=bientôt=, soon.

=bique=, _f._, mare.

=bizarre=, odd, strange.

=blanc, -he=, white; =vin --=, Rhine wine.

=blanchir=, to whiten, bleach.

=blessé=, -e, wounded.

=blessure=, _f._, wound, injury.

=bleu=, _m._, blue.

=bleu, -e=, blue.

=bleuâtre=, bluish.

=blond=, -e, fair, light; _m._, fair person.

=boeuf=, _m._, ox.

=boire=, to drink; =-- un coup=, to take a drink.

=bois=, _m._, wood, forest; stick; =de --=, wooden.

=boisé=, -e, wooded.

=boisson=, _m._, drink.

=boîte=, _f._, box, mail box.

=boiter=, to limp.

=bon, -ne=, good, favorable; à la bonne heure, good!

=bond=, _m._, leap, bound.

=bondir=, to leap.

=bonheur=, _m._, happiness, good fortune; =avoir du --=, to be lucky.

=bonhomme=, _m._, easy going man, "easy mark."

=bonjour=, _m._, good morning.

=bonnement=, plainly, simply.

=bonnet=, _m._, cap.

=bonsoir=, _m._, good evening.

=bonté=, _f._, goodness, kindness.

=bord=, _m._, edge; =au --=, on the edge.

=botte=, _f._, boot; bale.

=bouche=, _f._, mouth.

=boucher=, _m._, butcher.

=boucle=, _f._, buckle, curl.

=boue=, _f._, mud, mire.

=boueu-x, -se=, muddy.

=bouffée=, _f._, puff, whiff.

=bouger=, to stir, move.

=bouillir=, to boil.

=bouillon=, _m._, soup, broth; =prendre un --=, take a dish of broth.

=boule=, _f._, ball.

=boulet=, _m._, bullet.

=bouleversement=, _m._, overthrow.

=bouleverser=, _tr._, to overthrow, distort.

=bourdonnement=, _m._, buzzing, hum, murmur.

=bourgeois=, _m._, citizen.

=bourgmestre=, _m._, burgomaster, mayor.

=bourrer=, to stuff, fill.

=bout=, _m._, end; =au -- de=, at the edge of, on the point of; =au -- d'un instant=, after a short delay.

=bouteille=, _f._, bottle.

=braise=, _f._, live coal.

=brancard=, _m._, litter, stretcher.

=branche=, _f._, branch, bough.

=brandir=, to swing.

=bras=, _m._, arm, shaft (of a cart); =-- dessus=, =-- dessous=, arm in arm.

=brave=, true, honest, good, kind, noble.

=bref, brève=, short, sharp; _adv.,_ in short.

=bretelle=, _f._, suspenders.

=bride=, _f._, rein, bridle.

=brigand=, _m._, robber.

=briller=, to shine.

=brillant, -e=, bright.

=brin=, _m._, blade, sprig.

=brindille=, _f._, sprig, twig.

=brisé, -e=, broken.

=briser (se)=, to be broken.

=broche=, _f._, spit.

=broder=, to embroider.

=broderie=, _f._, embroidery.

=bruit=, _m._, noise, report, talk.

=brûler=, _tr._, to burn.

=brun=, _m._, dark person.

=brun, -e=, swarthy, dark.

=brusque=, _adj._, abrupt, gruff.

=brusquement=, _adv._, gruffly, abruptly.

=brutaliser=, to treat brutally.

=brutalité=, _f._, brutality.

=bruyère=, _f._, briar, heath.

=buanderie=, _f._, laundry.

=bûcher=, _m._, woodhouse.

=bûcheron=, _m._, woodcutter.

=buffleterie=, _f._, straps of a drum.

=buveur=, _m._, drinker.

=buvais=, _see_ boire.

C

=ça=, that; now, here.

=cabaret=, _m._, wineshop, inn.

=cabaretier=, _m._, innkeeper.

=cacher=, to hide.

=cachet=, _m._, seal.

=cacheter=, to seal.

=cadavre=, _m._, corpse.

=café=, _m._, coffee.

=cafetière=, _f._, coffee pot.

=cahoter=, to jerk, jolt.

=caillé, -e=, curdled.

=caisse=, _f._, box; drum.

=caisson=, _m._, ammunition wagon.

=calme=, _m._, stillness, quiet.

=camarade=, _m._, comrade.

=camisole=, _f._, dressing gown, knit jacket.

=campagne=, _f._, field, country; campaign; =de --=, country.

=caniche=, _m. or adj._, French poodle.

=canon=, _m._, cannon.

=canonnier=, _m._, gunner.

=capacité=, _f._, ability.

=capitaine=, _m._, captain.

=caporal=, _m._, corporal.

=car=, for, as, because.

=caractère=, _m._, character, disposition.

=carafe=, _f._, water bottle.

=caresser=, to caress.

=carré=, _m._, square.

=carte=, _f._, card, ticket; map.

=cartouche=, _f._, cartridge.

=casaquin=, _m._, short gown.

=casser=, to break.

=casserole=, _f._, saucepan.

=cassine=, _f._, hovel.

=catechisme=, _m._, catechism.

=cause=, _f._, cause, motive; =à -- de=, because of.

=causer=, to cause, talk.

=cavalerie=, _f._, cavalry.

=cavalier=, _m._, horseman.

=cave=, _f._, cave, cellar.

=ce, cet, cette, ces=, this, that, these, those.

=ce= for =cela=, it, that, he, she, they.

=ceci=, this.

=cela=, that; =sans --=, otherwise.

=célébrer=, to praise, celebrate.

=céleste=, heavenly.

=celui, celle, ceux, celles=, this, that, these, those.

=celui-ci, celle-ci, ceux-ci, celles-ci=, this, these.

=celui-là, celle-là, ceux-là, celles-là=, that, those; the former.

=cendre=, _f._, ashes.

=cent=, hundred.

=centaine=, _f._, a hundred.

=cependant=, however, nevertheless.

=cercle=, _m._, circle.

=cerf=, _m._, deer.

=certain, -e=, sure, positive.

=cervelle=, _f._, brain.

=cesse=, _f._, ceasing; =sans --=, constantly.

=cesser=, to cease.

=cet, cette=, _see_ =ce=.

=ceux=, _see_ =celui=.

=chacun, -e=, each, every; each one.

=chagrin=, _m._, sorrow.

=chaîne=, _f._, chain, line.

=chair=, _f._, flesh.

=chaise=, _f._, chair.

=chambre=, _f._, room.

=champ=, _m._, field; =aux --s=, in the fields.

=chance=, _f._, chance, good luck; opportunity.

=chandelier=, _m._, candlestick.

=chandelle=, _f._, candle.

=changement=, _m._, change.

=changer=, to alter, change.

=chanson=, _m._, song.

=chant=, _m._, song.

=chanter=, to sing, crow.

=chapeau=, _m._, hat; =-- à cornes=, three cornered hat, cocked hat.

=chapitre=, _m._, chapter.

=chaque=, each, every.

=charbonnière=, _f._, charcoal kiln; embers.

=charge=, _f._, load, armful; onset, charge; =à la --=, by storm.

=chargé, -e=, loaded, supplied.

=charger=, to load; charge.

=charrette=, _f._, wagon, cart.

=charrue=, _f._, plow.

=chasser=, to hunt; drive away, drive, expel.

=chasseur=, _m._, soldier in the light infantry.

=châssis=, _m._, window sash.

=chaud, -e=, hot.

=chef=, _m._, chief, commander; =-- de bataillon=, major.

=chemin=, _m._, way, road; =-- de traverse=, crossroad, short cut; =-- de voiture=, carriage road; =grand --=, main road, highway.

=cheminée=, _f._, fireplace, mantlepiece.

=chemise=, _f._, shirt, night dress.

=chêne=, _m._, oak.

=ch-er, -ère=, dear; dearly.

=chercher=, to seek, search for.

=cherubin=, _m._, cherub.

=cheval=, _m._, horse; =à --=, on horseback.

=chevaucher=, to ride.

=chevelure=, _f._, head of hair, hair.

=cheveu=, _m._, (a) hair; =les --x=, the hair.

=chez=, at, to, to _or_ in(to) ...'s house _or_ room; =-- nous=, our home.

=chien=, _m._, dog.

=chirurgien=, _m._, surgeon.

=choisir=, to choose.

=choix=, _m._, choice.

=chose=, _f._, thing, matter; =-- future=, coming event.

=chou=, _m._, cabbage.

=choucroute=, _f._, sauer kraut.

=ciel=, _m._, heaven, sky.

=cinq=, five.

=cinquante=, fifty.

=circonstance=, _f._, circumstance.

=cire=, _f._, wax.

=citoyen=, _m._, =-ne=, _f.,_ citizen.

=clair, -e=, clear, bright.

=clairement=, clearly.

=claquer=, to crack, break, snap.

=classe=, _f._, class; school.

=clergé=, _m._, clergy.

=cligner=, to blink, wink.

=clin=, _m._, wink, twinkling; =-- d'un oeil=, instant.

=cliquetis=, _m._, rattling.

=clochette=, _f._, sleighbell.

=clos, -e=, closed; =nuit --e=, dark.

=clou=, _m._, nail.

=clouer=, to nail, pin.

=coeur=, _m._, heart; feeling, inclination; =de bon --=, heartily; =avoir bon --=, to be affectionate; =si le -- vous en dit=, if you wish some, if you like it; =en avoir le -- net=, to get the facts.

=cognac=, _m._, brandy.

=coiffé, -e (de)=, wearing (on the head).

=coin=, _m._, corner; =au -- de l'horloge=, in the corner where the clock is.

=collet=, _m._, collar; =au --=, by the collar.

=colline=, _f._, hill.

=colombier=, _m._, pigeon loft.

=colonne=, _f._, column.

=combat=, _m._, fight.

=combattre=, to fight.

=combien=, how much, how many; =à --=, how far; =-- de fois=, how often.

=comble=, _m._, summit, height; =de fond en --=, from top to bottom.

=comique=, funny.

=commandant=, _m._, major.

=commandement=, _m._, order.

=commander=, to command, order.

=comme=, like, as, so, as if, how, so much; since, because.

=commencer=, to begin.

=comment=, how, in what manner, in which.

=commercer=, to drive a bargain.

=commère=, _f._, old woman, gossip.

=commission=, _f._, errand.

=commode=, comfortable, convenient.

=commun, -e=, common, communal; =maison --e=, town hall.

=communal, -e=, communal, belonging to the town.

=commune=, _f._, village, town.

=compagnie=, _f._, company, society.

=compagnon=, _m._, companion.

=complètement=, completely.

=comprendre=, to understand.

=compte=, _m._, account; =recevoir son --=, to be dead, have one's account settled; =tenir -- de=, to heed.

=compter=, to count, reckon, include.

=comte=, _m._, count.

=concasser=, to break, smash.

=concerner=, to concern, relate to.

=concevoir=, to imagine.

=concorde=, _f._, harmony.

=conducteur=, _m._, leader.

=conduire=, to conduct, lead, drive, take, guide; =se --=, to behave oneself.

=conduite=, _f._ conduct; management, leadership; =faire la --=, to escort.

=conférence=, _f._, conference.

=confiance=, _f._, confidence, security.

=confier=, to entrust.

=confisquer=, to confiscate.

=confondre=, to confuse, overwhelm, overcome; =se --=, to mingle with one another.

=confus, -e=, confused, mixed, ashamed.

=connaissance=, _f._, knowledge, acquaintance, senses; friendship.

=connaître=, to know, be acquainted with; =se --=, to be an expert.

=connu, -e=, known.

=conquérir=, to conquer.

=conseil=, _m._, counsel, advice; council chamber; =-- de guerre=, court martial.

=conseiller=, _m._, alderman, selectman; to advise.

=consentir=, to agree, consent.

=conserver=, to keep.

=considérable=, considerable, of consequence, notable.

=considération=, _m._, consideration.

=considérer=, to consider, esteem.

=consigne=, _f._, orders, instructions.

=consommation=, _f._, consummation.

=constater=, to prove, ascertain.

=consterner=, to strike with consternation.

=contempler=, to gaze upon, view.

=content, -e=, satisfied, pleased.

=contenter (se), (de)=, to be satisfied.

=continuer=, to keep on, continue.

=contraire=, _m. or adj._, opposite, contrary; =au --=, on the contrary.