Chapter 17

Milà y Fontañals, _Los trovadores en España_, Barcelona, 1861, remains the best work on the subject. On Portugal, the article in Gröber's _Grundriss_, ii. 2, p. 129, by C. Michaelis de Vasconcellos and Th. Braga is admirable: see the bibliographical references there given and the introduction to R. Lang, _Das Liederbuch des Königs Denis von Portugal_, Halle, 1894.

32. The date of this poem is disputed, see Dr Dejeanne's edition of Marcabrun, p. 235.

33. F. Guessard, _Grammaires Provençales_, Paris, 1858; E. Stengel, _Die beiden ältesten prov. Gram._, Marburg, 1878.