CHAPTER VII.

EDUCATION AND RELIGION.

Universities, number of students, salaries of professors 181 Theological seminaries 182 Course of university study 183 Provincial and special institutes _ib._ Secondary instruction, institutes and colleges 184 Number of students, and salary of masters 185 Course of instruction 186 University degrees _ib._ Primary education 187

_Church and Religion._

Early Church Councils 188 Roman and Mazarabic liturgy _ib._ Inquisition _ib._ Philip II., the Jesuits, and the Reformation 189 Expulsion of the Jesuits 191 Concordat of 1851 _ib._ Archbishops, bishops, and clergy _ib._ Mode of appointment of bishops 192 Spanish Protestants _ib._