Part 47
Breakfast.—Fruit, baked potato, boiled Indian-meal, sugar, cream, coffee, rolls, butter.
Lunch.—Consommé, French fried potato, one egg on toast, rice pudding, apple sauce, coffee, bread, butter.
Dinner.—One chop, boiled or mashed potato, string beans, apple-lettuce salad, lemon pie, bread, butter, coffee.
_Friday, May 13, 1904._
Breakfast.—Banana and cream, fried rice with syrup, rolls, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—Clam chowder, boiled potato, boiled onions, fried bacon, carrots, apple dumpling, bread, butter, coffee.
Dinner.—Split-pea soup (thick), frizzled beef, fried sweet potato, spinach, cranberry tart, bread, butter, coffee, cakes.
_Saturday, May 14, 1904._
Breakfast.—Baked apple and cream, boiled hominy, with sugar and cream, baked potato, coffee, rolls, butter.
Lunch.—Cream of celery soup, farina croquettes, with tomato sauce, stewed corn, mashed potato, bread, butter, coffee, fruit.
Dinner.—Fish, boiled potato, boiled onions, bread pudding, preserves, lettuce-tomato salad, small cakes, bread, butter, coffee.
_Sunday, May 15, 1904._
Breakfast.—Fruit, baked potato, boiled oatmeal with sugar and cream, coffee, rolls, butter.
Lunch.—Consommé with croutons, fried rice with syrup, French fried potato, strawberry short-cake with whipped cream, bread, coffee.
Dinner.—Stewed chicken, fried sweet potato, cranberry sauce, celery, string beans, bread, butter, coffee, ice cream, cakes.
_Monday, May 16, 1904._
Breakfast.—Banana, griddle cakes and syrup, baked potato, coffee, rolls, butter.
Lunch.—Fried bacon, mashed potato, spinach, bread, butter, rice croquettes with preserves, apple pie, coffee.
Dinner.—Consommé, one lamb chop, mashed potato, string beans, boiled onions, orange-lettuce salad, bread, butter, tapioca pudding, coffee.
_Tuesday, May 17, 1904._
Breakfast.—Banana, farina, cream, sugar, baked potato, rolls, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—Vegetable soup, French fried potato, one egg on toast, rice pudding, apple sauce, bread, butter, coffee.
Dinner.—Small fried sausage, boiled potato, lima beans, lettuce salad, bread, butter, baked apples with cream, rice custard, coffee.
_Wednesday, May 18, 1904._
Breakfast.—Sliced banana, fried rice, syrup, baked potato, bread, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—Cream of celery soup, farina croquettes, tomato sauce, fried sweet potato, string beans, bread, butter, prune soufflé, coffee.
Dinner.—Split-pea soup, Hamburg steak made with much bread, mashed potato, spinach, bread, butter, lemon pie, coffee.
_Thursday, May 19, 1904._
Breakfast.—Sliced banana, boiled hominy, cream, sugar, baked potato, bread, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—Egg omelette, jelly, French fried potato, boiled onions, fried hominy, syrup, bread, butter, apple pudding, coffee.
Dinner.—Tomato purée, baked macaroni, fried bacon, fried sweet potato, spinach, bread, butter, Indian-meal pudding, coffee.
_Friday, May 20, 1904._
Breakfast.—Sliced orange, fried hominy, syrup, baked potato, bread, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—Fish cakes, boiled sweet potato, mashed potato, lima beans (boiled), bread, butter, bread pudding, coffee.
Dinner.—Consommé, boiled halibut, mashed potato, string beans, bread, butter, rice croquettes, cranberry jam, coffee.
_Saturday, May 21, 1904._
Breakfast.—Sliced banana, cream, sugar, boiled Indian-meal, baked potato, bread, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—One lamb chop, potato croquettes, fried Indian-meal, syrup, stewed tomatoes, bread, butter, coffee, water ice.
Dinner.—Bean purée, scrambled egg, bacon, French fried potato, lettuce-orange salad, farina pudding, prunes, bread, butter, coffee.
_Sunday, May 22, 1904._
Breakfast.—Sliced orange, sugar, boiled oatmeal, cream, baked potato, bread, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—Boiled macaroni, fried rice, syrup, mashed potato, boiled onions, bread, butter, ice cream, cake, coffee.
Dinner.—Cream of celery soup, stewed chicken, French fried potato, mashed potato, spinach, bread, butter, cranberry sauce, strawberry short-cake, cream, coffee.
_Monday, May 23, 1904._
Breakfast.—Sliced banana, griddle cakes, syrup, baked potato, bread, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—One egg on toast, consommé, French fried potato, lettuce, rice croquettes, syrup, apple sauce, bread, butter, coffee.
Dinner.—Vegetable soup, baked macaroni, fried bacon, potato croquettes, string beans, bread, butter, water ice, coffee.
_Tuesday, May 24, 1904._
Breakfast.—Banana, boiled rice, cream, sugar, baked potato, bread, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—Cream of celery soup, farina croquettes, tomato sauce, boiled onions, mashed potato, bread, butter, stewed prunes, coffee.
Dinner.—Tomato purée, Hamburg steak made with much bread, French fried potato, spinach, farina croquettes, bread, butter, lemon pie, coffee.
_Wednesday, May 25, 1904._
Breakfast.—Banana, boiled hominy, cream, sugar, baked potato, bread, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—Small fried sausage, boiled potato, lettuce salad, fried hominy, syrup, bread, butter, apple sauce, coffee.
Dinner.—Consommé, scrambled eggs, French fried potato, lettuce-orange salad, lima beans, bread, butter, bread pudding, coffee.
_Thursday, May 26, 1904._
Breakfast.—Banana, boiled oatmeal, sugar, cream, baked potato, rolls, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—One egg on toast, spinach, mashed potato, apple sauce, bread, butter, rice pudding, coffee.
Dinner.—Tomato purée, boiled macaroni, boiled onions, French fried potato, lettuce, bread, butter, tapioca pudding, coffee.
_Friday, May 27, 1904._
Breakfast.—Orange, boiled Indian-meal, sugar, cream, rolls, coffee.
Lunch.—Clam chowder, potato croquettes, lima beans, bread, butter, strawberries, cream, coffee.
Dinner.—Bean soup, boiled halibut, mashed potato, string beans, rice croquettes, cranberry jam, bread, butter, water ice, coffee.
_Saturday, May 28, 1904._
Breakfast.—Banana, breakfast flakes, sugar, cream, baked potato, rolls, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—One boiled egg, French fried potato, stewed tomatoes, fried Indian-meal, syrup, bread, butter, coffee.
Dinner.—Split-pea soup, baked beans, Boston brown bread, lettuce-orange salad, stewed prunes, bread, butter, ice cream, coffee.
_Sunday, May 29, 1904._
Breakfast.—Orange, boiled oatmeal, sugar, cream, baked potato, rolls, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—Boiled spaghetti, mashed potato, boiled onions, fried rice, syrup, bread, butter, strawberries, cake, coffee.
Dinner.—Cream of celery soup, stewed chicken, boiled potato, spinach, bread, butter, cranberry sauce, custard pie, coffee.
_Monday, May 30, 1904._
Breakfast.—Banana, boiled rice, sugar, cream, baked potato, rolls, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—Consommé, French fried potato, bacon, lettuce-orange salad, wheat griddle cakes, syrup, bread, butter, coffee.
Dinner.—Barley broth, one lamb chop, mashed potato, fried sweet potato, apple sauce, bread, butter, bread pudding, coffee.
_Tuesday, June 7, 1904._
Breakfast.—Banana, boiled rice, cream, sugar, baked potato, rolls, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—Vegetable soup, French fried potato, one egg on toast, apple sauce, rice pudding, bread, butter, tea.
Dinner.—One small fried sausage, boiled potato, lima beans, lettuce-orange salad, bread, butter, ice cream, cake, coffee.
_Wednesday, June 8, 1904._
Breakfast.—Banana, breakfast flakes, sugar, cream, baked potato, rolls, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—Cream of celery soup, potato croquettes, string beans, two slices bacon, bread, butter, bread pudding, coffee.
Dinner.—Split-pea soup, boiled halibut, mashed potato, asparagus, bread, butter, cream pie, coffee.
_Thursday, June 9, 1904._
Breakfast.—Orange, boiled hominy, cream, sugar, baked potato, rolls, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—Egg omelette, jelly, French fried potato, boiled onions, bread, butter, wheat griddle cakes, syrup, coffee.
Dinner.—Tomato purée, baked macaroni, dried beef stewed with milk, boiled potato, spinach, bread, butter, Indian-meal pudding, coffee.
_Friday, June 10, 1904._
Breakfast.—Banana, fried hominy, syrup, rolls, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—Clam chowder, mashed potato, boiled lima beans, bread, butter, tapioca pudding, coffee.
Dinner.—Consommé, bluefish (broiled), Lyonnaise potato, asparagus, bread, butter, cranberry jam, lemon pie, coffee.
_Saturday, June 11, 1904._
Breakfast.—Orange, boiled Indian-meal, cream, sugar, baked potato, rolls, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—Barley broth, corn fritters, mashed potato, two slices bacon, bread, butter, stewed tomatoes, strawberries, cream, coffee.
Dinner.—Bean purée, scrambled egg, rice croquettes, French fried potato, lettuce-orange salad, stewed prunes, bread, butter, farina pudding, coffee.
_Sunday, June 12, 1904._
Breakfast.—Banana, boiled oatmeal, sugar, cream, baked potato, rolls, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—Boiled macaroni, string beans, mashed potato, farina croquettes, water ice, cake, coffee.
Dinner.—Cream of celery soup, stewed chicken, French fried potato, lettuce salad, bread, butter, strawberry short-cake, cream, coffee.
_Monday, June 13, 1904._
Breakfast.—Orange, breakfast flakes, sugar, cream, baked potato, rolls, butter, coffee.
Lunch.—Vegetable soup, one egg on toast, fried potatoes, apple sauce, rice croquettes, bread, butter, cottage pudding, tea.
Dinner.—Clam broth, beef stew, with potatoes, carrots and onions, boiled potatoes, bread, butter, apple-lettuce salad, apple pie, cheese, coffee.
NITROGEN BALANCE.
We may now consider whether these men, who had so greatly reduced the extent of their proteid metabolism, and who had apparently attained a condition of body equilibrium, were truly in nitrogenous equilibrium, or free from any daily loss of nitrogen. To test this point, a careful and exact comparison of the nitrogen intake and output was made for a period of seven days, commencing on May 18. This was not easy to accomplish, as the men were still allowed freedom in the quantity of food eaten, and also in the choice of food, within the limits of the menu provided, so that a large number of food analyses had to be made. A greater difficulty, however, in obtaining proof of equilibrium lay in the laudable ambition of the men to make a good showing,—for they had all become interested in the main problem, and had acquired great faith in the efficiency of a low proteid ration,—which led them to great caution in the matter of eating during the balance trial, thereby running the risk of diminishing in too great degree the fuel value of the food.
* * * * *
The following data obtained with Donahue are self-explanatory. The figures showing the quantities of food at each meal are instructive, as indicating the general makeup of the daily dietary, both as to quality and quantity.
DONAHUE.
_Wednesday, May 18, 1904._
Breakfast.—Banana 141 grams, bread 60 grams, butter 15 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 80 grams, sugar 31 grams.
Lunch.—Soup 247 grams, string beans 65 grams, bread 21 grams, butter 30 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 21 grams, fried potato 222 grams.
Dinner.—Consommé 150 grams, bread 45 grams, butter 10 grams, mashed potato 150 grams, spinach 200 grams, apple pie 103 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 75 grams, sugar 28 grams.
Food. Grams. Per cent Nitrogen. Total Nitrogen.
Banana 141 × 0.23 = 0.324 grams. Butter 15 + 30 + 10 = 55 × 0.15 = 0.083 Sugar 31 + 21 + 28 = 80 × 0.00 = 0.000 Cream 80 + 75 = 155 × 0.46 = 0.713 Bread 60 × 1.66 = 0.996 Coffee 150 + 150 + 150 = 450 × 0.06 = 0.270 Bread 21 × 1.60 = 0.336 Soup 247 × 0.41 = 1.013 Fried potato 222 × 0.32 = 0.710 String beans 65 × 0.34 = 0.221 Consommé 150 × 0.38 = 0.570 Bread 45 × 1.80 = 0.810 Spinach 200 × 0.53 = 1.060 Potato 150 × 0.38 = 0.570 Pie 103 × 0.43 = 0.443 ------ Total nitrogen in food 8.119 grams. Total nitrogen in urine 5.750
Fuel value of the food 2676 calories.
_Thursday, May 19, 1904._
Breakfast.—Banana 98 grams, boiled hominy 150 grams, bread 60 grams, butter 10 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 125 grams, sugar 45 grams.
Lunch.—Bread 61 grams, butter 19 grams, potato 100 grams, fried hominy 114 grams, syrup 48 grams, boiled onion 139 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 21 grams.
Dinner.—Tomato purée 200 grams, bread 40 grams, fried sweet potato 77 grams, macaroni 100 grams, spinach 100 grams, bacon 21 grams, bread pudding 100 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 7 grams.
Food. Grams. Per cent Nitrogen. Total Nitrogen.
Banana 98 × 0.23 = 0.225 grams. Bread 60 × 1.54 = 0.924 Butter 10 + 19 = 29 × 0.15 = 0.044 Sugar 46 + 21 + 7 = 73 × 0.00 = 0.000 Coffee 150 + 150 = 300 × 0.06 = 0.180 Cream 125 + 50 = 175 × 0.47 = 0.823 Hominy 150 × 0.20 = 0.300 Bread 61 × 1.60 = 0.976 Potato 100 × 0.49 = 0.490 Fried hominy 114 × 0.67 = 0.764 Syrup 48 × 0.024 = 0.012 Onion 139 × 0.27 = 0.375 Bread 40 × 1.74 = 0.696 Tomato purée 200 × 0.53 = 1.060 Fried sweet potato 77 × 0.38 = 0.293 Macaroni 100 × 0.93 = 0.930 Spinach 100 × 0.56 = 0.560 Bacon 21 × 3.00 = 0.630 Pudding 100 × 0.20 = 0.200 ------ Total nitrogen in food 9.482 grams. Total nitrogen in urine 6.640
Fuel value of the food 2753 calories.
_Friday, May 20, 1904._
Breakfast.—Orange 70 grams, baked potato 87 grams, roll 59 grams, butter 32 grams, sugar 7 grams.
Lunch.—Bread 67 grams, butter 15 grams, fish cake 88 grams, potato 150 grams, bread pudding 150 grams, cream 50 grams.
Dinner.—Consommé 150 grams, fish 70 grams, string beans 70 grams, potato 155 grams, cranberry sauce 102 grams, bread 32 grams, coffee 100 grams, sugar 14 grams.
Food. Grams. Per cent Nitrogen. Total Nitrogen.
Orange 70 × 0.20 = 0.140 grams. Butter 32 + 15 = 47 × 0.15 = 0.071 Roll 59 × 1.72 = 1.015 Sugar 7 + 14 = 21 × 0.00 = 0.000 Potato 87 × 0.40 = 0.348 Bread 67 × 1.71 = 1.146 Fish-cake 88 × 1.22 = 1.074 Potato 150 × 0.30 = 0.450 Bread pudding 150 × 0.99 = 1.485 Cream 50 × 0.44 = 0.220 Potato 155 × 0.34 = 0.527 Consommé 150 × 0.59 = 0.885 Bread 32 × 1.97 = 0.630 String beans 70 × 0.36 = 0.252 Cranberry sauce 102 × 0.03 = 0.031 Fish 70 × 3.18 = 2.226 Coffee 100 × 0.06 = 0.060 ------ Total nitrogen in food 10.560 grams. Total nitrogen in urine 8.450
Fuel value of the food 1911 calories.
_Saturday, May 21, 1904._
Breakfast.—Banana 106 grams, boiled Indian-meal 150 grams, sugar 21 grams, cream 50 grams, bread 59 grams, butter 16 grams.
Lunch.—Bread 55 grams, butter 13 grams, lamb chop 37 grams, potato croquette 105 grams, tomato 216 grams, sugar 14 grams, water ice 143 grams.
Dinner.—Bean soup 100 grams, fried egg 22 grams, bacon 10 grams, lettuce salad 63 grams, fried potato 100 grams, coffee 100 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 21 grams, stewed prunes 247 grams.
Food. Grams. Per cent Nitrogen. Total Nitrogen.
Bread 59 × 1.65 = 0.974 grams. Butter 16 + 13 = 29 × 0.15 = 0.044 Banana 106 × 0.23 = 0.244 Boiled Indian-meal 150 × 0.17 = 0.255 Sugar 21 + 14 + 21 = 56 × 0.00 = 0.000 Cream 50 + 50 = 100 × 0.43 = 0.430 Bread 55 × 1.82 = 1.001 Potato croquette 105 × 0.71 = 0.746 Lamb chop 37 × 4.63 = 1.713 Tomato 216 × 0.17 = 0.367 Water ice 143 × 0.012 = 0.017 Prunes 247 × 0.16 = 0.395 Bean soup 100 × 1.21 = 1.210 Fried potato 100 × 0.60 = 0.600 Egg 22 × 2.27 = 0.499 Bacon 10 × 3.05 = 0.305 Salad 63 × 0.21 = 0.132 Coffee 100 × 0.06 = 0.060 ------ Total nitrogen in food 8.992 grams. Total nitrogen in urine 8.640
Fuel value of the food 2294 calories.
_Sunday, May 22, 1904._
Breakfast.—Orange 60 grams, oatmeal 207 grams, roll 46 grams, butter 14 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 150 grams, sugar 35 grams.
Lunch.—Potato 150 grams, boiled onions 145 grams, macaroni 130 grams, fried rice 138 grams, syrup 48 grams, ice cream 160 grams, cake 26 grams.
Dinner.—Celery soup 150 grams, spinach 100 grams, mashed potato 100 grams, bread 19 grams, coffee 100 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 7 grams, strawberry short-cake 169 grams.
Food. Grams. Per cent Nitrogen. Total Nitrogen.
Orange 60 × 0.20 = 0.120 grams. Oatmeal 207 × 0.43 = 0.890 Sugar 35 + 7 = 42 × 0.00 = 0.000 Cream 150 + 50 = 200 × 0.45 = 0.900 Roll 46 × 1.67 = 0.768 Coffee 150 + 100 = 250 × 0.06 = 0.150 Butter 14 × 0.15 = 0.021 Potato 150 × 0.30 = 0.450 Onions 145 × 0.25 = 0.363 Macaroni 130 × 0.46 = 0.598 Fried rice 138 × 0.75 = 1.035 Syrup 48 × 0.024 = 0.012 Ice cream 160 × 0.53 = 0.848 Cake 26 × 1.20 = 0.312 Bread 19 × 1.57 = 0.298 Celery soup 150 × 0.33 = 0.495 Spinach 100 × 0.55 = 0.550 Short-cake 169 × 0.50 = 0.845 Mashed potato 100 × 0.37 = 0.370 ------ Total nitrogen in food 9.025 grams. Total nitrogen in urine 8.530
Fuel value of the food 2781 calories.
_Monday, May 23, 1904._
Breakfast.—Banana 201 grams, cream 100 grams, sugar 28 grams, griddle cakes 103 grams, syrup 48 grams.
Lunch.—Consommé 150 grams, rice croquette 140 grams, syrup 48 grams, fried potato 100 grams, bread 36 grams, butter 15 grams, apple sauce 90 grams, coffee 75 grams, sugar 7 grams.
Dinner.—Vegetable soup 100 grams, potato croquette 50 grams, string beans 120 grams, macaroni 104 grams, bacon 20 grams, bread 26 grams, water ice 184 grams.
Food. Grams. Per cent Nitrogen. Total Nitrogen.
Griddle cakes 103 × 0.91 = 0.937 grams. Banana 201 × 0.23 = 0.462 Cream 100 × 0.45 = 0.450 Sugar 28 + 7 = 35 × 0.00 = 0.000 Syrup 48 + 48 = 96 × 0.024 = 0.023 Consommé 150 × 0.65 = 0.975 Rice croquette 140 × 0.61 = 0.854 Butter 15 × 0.15 = 0.023 Bread 36 × 1.75 = 0.630 Apple sauce 90 × 0.020 = 0.018 Fried potato 100 × 0.60 = 0.600 Coffee 75 × 0.06 = 0.045 Vegetable soup 100 × 0.70 = 0.700 Bread 26 × 1.75 = 0.455 Macaroni 104 × 0.87 = 0.905 String beans 120 × 0.22 = 0.264 Water ice 184 × 0.006 = 0.011 Bacon 20 × 3.28 = 0.656 Potato croquette 50 × 0.77 = 0.385 ------ Total nitrogen in food 8.393 grams. Total nitrogen in urine 7.690
Fuel value of the food 2319 calories.
_Tuesday, May 24, 1904._
Breakfast.—Orange 80 grams, fried rice 186 grams, syrup 72 grams, coffee 100 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 21 grams.
Lunch.—Celery soup 125 grams, bread 34 grams, butter 19 grams, boiled onion 127 grams, potato 150 grams, tomato sauce 50 grams, stewed prunes 189 grams, cream 50 grams.
Dinner.—Tomato soup 125 grams, bread 20.5 grams, fried potato 100 grams, spinach 130 grams, coffee 100 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 14 grams, cream pie 158 grams.
Evening.—Ginger ale 250 grams.
Food. Grams. Per cent Nitrogen. Total Nitrogen.