Category: Nature/Gardening/Animals
ee. Twigs essentially terete; leaves of two kinds, either scale-like, or else awl-shaped, often both kinds on the same branch, not decurrent on the stem; fruit berry-like, bluish. JUNIPERUS, p. 33.
ee. Twigs essentially terete; leaves of two kinds, either scale-like, or else awl-shaped, often both kinds on the same branch, not decurrent on the stem; fruit berry-like, bluis...
2. i. Leaves thick, abruptly pointed, very lustrous above, not3. ii. Leaves thin, long-pointed, not lustrous above, clustered4. i. Leaves thin, coarsely but singly serrate; fruit a globular5. ii. Leaves pubescent or white-tomentose, at least beneath;6. m. Lenticels conspicuous; pith whitish or brownish; bark7. mm. Lenticels inconspicuous; pith greenish; bark not separable8. mm. Trunk not fluted; fruit not inclosed within a9. l. Lower side of leaves more or less downy; sap milky; leaves10. ll. Lower side of leaves glabrous; sap not milky; leaves11. ii. Leaf-petioles about 1 inch long; leaves dull above; twigs12. d. Trunk and large branches armed with stout spines; leaflets13. d. Twigs flattened; leaves all of one kind, scale-like,14. dd. Twigs essentially terete; leaves of two kinds, either15. dd. Spines one at each node; buds glabrous, not superposed;16. d. Thorns usually branched, situated above the nodes; lateral17. dd. Thorns unbranched on twigs, situated at the nodes; lateraljj. First scale of lateral bud not directly in front, i. e., to one side of the center of the leaf-scar; twigs not brittle; pith circular in cross-section. PRUNUS, p. 153.
18. m. Trunk fluted; catkins not present in winter; lenticels not19. mm. Trunk not fluted; catkins usually present in winter;20. ll. Bundle-scars not depressed, inconspicuous; bark thin,21. ii. Bud at end of twig symmetrical, not mucilaginous whenHABIT.--A slender tree in youth, with slender, upright branches, becoming broader with age and forming a symmetrical, pyramidal crown; probably 60-80 feet high, with a trunk dia...
22. c. Leaves about 1 inch long, divergent; cones sessile,23. c. Bark of trunk red-brown; cones maturing in second season,24. cc. Bark of trunk gray to nearly black; cones maturing in25. c. Leaves about 1 inch long, divergent; cones sessile,26. c. Bark of trunk red-brown; cones maturing in second season,27. cc. Bark of trunk gray to nearly black; cones maturing inHABIT.--A large tree 60-80 feet high, with a trunk diameter of 2-4 feet; forming a wide, pyramidal crown. Formerly trees 100-150 feet in height and 5-7 feet in trunk diameter we...
28. d. Leaves broader than they are long, abruptly acuminate at29. dd. Leaves longer than they are broad, more or less30. dd. Margin of leaves finely serrate; leaves less than 3 inches31. cc. Buds and twigs not conspicuously white-downy; twigs32. cc. Terminal buds nearly 1 inch long; buds fragrant; twigsHABIT.--A large tree 60-80 feet high, with a trunk diameter of 2-4 feet, forming a large, spreading, rounded or irregular crown of large, crooked branches and sparse, stout bran...
33. cc. Buds red-brown; twigs long-hairy; fruit less than 1 inch34. cc. Buds about 1 inch long, merely puberulous; outerLEAVES.--Alternate, compound, 8-14 inches long. Leaflets usually 5, the upper 5-7 inches long and 2-3 inches broad; sessile, except the terminal; obovate to oblong-lanceolate; f...
35. d. Leaf-lobes usually 7; buds hoary-tomentose; bark of trunk36. dd. Leaf-lobes usually 3 (at apex of the leaf only); buds37. d. Cup of acorn top-shaped or cup-shaped, inclosing one-thirdee. Kernel of nut whitish; buds pubescent above the middle, not angular; inner bark of trunk red; trunk not provided with pins or stubs of branches near the ground. _Q. coccinea...
38. dd. Cup of acorn saucer-shaped, inclosing only the base of thee. Upper surface of leaves usually lustrous, especially on the lower branches; lowermost branches of trees growing in the open drooping nearly to the ground; nut about 1/2 inch...
39. c. Leaves cut nearly to the midrib by a pair of deep sinuses40. cc. Leaves not cut by a pair of deep sinuses; branches not41. c. Margin of leaf entire, or only slightly undulate; acorns on42. cc. Margin of leaf sinuate-crenate, rarely lobed; acorns on43. c. Bark on branches breaking into large, papery scales which44. d. Bark of trunk ash-gray or nearly white, flaky; acorns45. dd. Bark of trunk light to dark brown, smoothish or only46. c. Buds rusty-hairy, acute at the apex; cup-scales of acorn47. cc. Buds hoary-tomentose, obtuse at the apex; cup-scales of48. d. Buds obtuse at the apex; trunk provided with pins or stubsof dead branches near the ground; inner bark of trunk yellow; nut 1/2-3/4 inch long, inclosed for one-third to one-half of its length in a top-shaped cup; kernel of nut yellow....
49. dd. Buds acute at the apex; trunk not provided with pins orstubs of branches near the ground; inner bark of trunk whitish; nut about 1 inch long, inclosed only at the base by a shallow, saucer-shaped cup; kernel of nut white. [2] _Q. ru...
50. cc. Buds pale-pubescent above the middle, but usually glabrousHABIT.--A large tree 60-80 feet high, with a trunk diameter of 2-4 feet; forming a short, thick trunk with stout, horizontal, far-reaching limbs, more or less gnarled and twiste...
51. c. Leaf-lobes long and narrow, the sides of the terminal lobe52. cc. Leaf-lobes short and broad, the sides of the terminal lobe53. d. Leaves 2-4 inches broad, thin, not pentagonally 5-lobed;e. Leaves distinctly white-downy beneath; twigs appressed-hairy, at least near the tip; fruit hanging in pendulous racemes, persistent on the tree until autumn; seed portion wit...
54. dd. Leaves 4-7 inches broad, thick, pentagonally 5-lobed; wings55. c. Lower sides of leaves and petioles distinctly downy, the56. cc. Lower sides of leaves and petioles essentially glabrous,57. d. Leaves coarsely and sparsely toothed or notched; bark notee. Twigs slender; petioles not exuding a milky juice when cut; wings of fruit diverging only slightly; bark of the trunk deeply furrowed, often cleaving in long, thick plates....
58. dd. Leaves finely and abundantly toothed; bark longitudinally59. d. Twigs strictly glabrous; buds glabrous; spherical flower60. dd. Twigs appressed-hairy, at least near the tip; buds somewhat61. dd. Buds hoary-pubescent; bark sometimes almost black on the62. cc. Buds not conspicuously stalked; bud-scales visible, 2-3HABIT.--A small tree at best, more often a large shrub, seldom attaining a height of more than 30 feet, with a short trunk 5-8 inches through. The striped, upright branches form...
63. dd. Lower sides of leaves paler than the upper;64. c. Terminal bud black or nearly so, showing 3 pairs of scales65. cc. Terminal bud brownish, showing 4 pairs of scales in66. dd. Upper margin of leaf-scars not concave, but straightHABIT.--A large tree 50-75 feet high, with a trunk diameter of 2-3 feet; forming an open, pyramidal crown of long, slender, lateral branches and a stout, rather sparse spray.