Category: Science - Earth/Agricultural/Farming

Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, "Geodesy" to "Geometry" Volume 11, Slice 6

GEODESY GEOFFROY, ETIENNE FRANCOIS GEOFFREY (Martel) GEOFFROY, JULIEN LOUIS GEOFFREY (Plantagenet) GEOFFROY SAINT-HILAIRE, ETIENNE GEOFFREY (duke of Brittany) GEOFFROY SAINT-HILAIRE, ISIDORE GEOFFREY (archbishop of York) GEOGRAPHY GEOFFREY DE MONTBRAY GEOID GEOFFREY OF MONMOUT...

Chapters

23. BOOK XIII.

The proof is very simple. Each face is a regular polygon, hence the angles of the faces at any vertex must be angles in equal regular polygons, must be together less than four r...

1. VOLUME XI, SLICE VI

GEODESY GEOFFROY, ETIENNE FRANCOIS GEOFFREY (Martel) GEOFFROY, JULIEN LOUIS GEOFFREY (Plantagenet) GEOFFROY SAINT-HILAIRE, ETIENNE GEOFFREY (duke of Brittany) GEOFFROY SAINT-HIL...

3. PART I.--HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT

_Geological Ideas among the Greeks and Romans._--Many geological phenomena present themselves in so striking a form that they could hardly fail to impress the imagination of the...

6. PART IV.--DYNAMICAL GEOLOGY

This section of the science includes the investigation of those processes of change which are at present in progress upon the earth, whereby modifications are made on the struct...

11. PART VIII.--PHYSIOGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY

This department of geological inquiry investigates the origin and history of the present topographical features of the land. As these features must obviously be related to those...

4. PART II.--COSMICAL ASPECTS

Before geology had attained to the position of an inductive science, it was customary to begin investigations into the history of the earth by propounding or adopting some more...

5. PART III.--GEOGNOSY. THE INVESTIGATION OF THE NATURE AND COMPOSITION OF

This division of the science is devoted to a description of the parts of the earth--of the atmosphere and ocean that surround the planet, and more especially of the solid materi...

9. PART VI.--PALEONTOLOGICAL GEOLOGY

This division of the science deals with fossils, or the traces of plants and animals preserved in the rocks of the earth's crust, and endeavours to gather from them information...

2. part iii., 1906); see also Winstedt, _Cosmos Indicopleustes_ (1910).

[11] H. Wagner's year-book, _Geographische Jahrbuch_, published at Gotha, is the best systematic record of the progress of geography in all departments; and Haack's _Geographen...

12. BOOK I. OF EUCLID'S "ELEMENTS.

S 6. According to the third postulate it is possible to draw in any plane a circle which has its centre at any given point, and its radius equal to the distance of this point fr...

20. BOOK XI.

The definition of perpendicular planes (Def. 4) offers no difficulty. Euclid defines the inclination of lines to planes and of planes to planes (Defs. 5 and 6) by aid of plane a...

10. PART VII.--STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY

This branch of the science arranges the rocks of the earth's crust in the order of their appearance, and interprets the sequence of events of which they form the records. Its pr...

16. BOOK V.

S 47. The fifth book of the _Elements_ is not exclusively geometrical. It contains the theory of ratios and proportion of quantities in general. The treatment, as here given, is...

14. BOOK III.

S 26. The third book of the _Elements_ relates exclusively to properties of the circle. A circle and its circumference have been defined in Book I., Def. 15. We restate it here...

8. Part VI., where the grouping of the stratified rocks into formations

(b) _Igneous Rocks._--As part of the earth's crust these rocks present characters by which they are strongly differentiated from the stratified series. While the broad petrograp...

13. BOOK II.

S 20. The propositions in the second book are very different in character from those in the first; they all relate to areas of rectangles and squares. Their true significance is...

15. BOOK IV.

S 38. The fourth book contains only problems, all relating to the construction of triangles and polygons inscribed in and circumscribed about circles, and of circles inscribed i...

17. BOOK VI.

Prop. 2. _If a straight line be drawn parallel to one of the sides of a triangle it shall cut the other sides, or those sides produced, proportionally; and if the sides or the s...

18. Book II. It will also be seen that if we write the ratios in Book V.

S 64. Prop. 17. _If three straight lines are proportional the rectangle contained by the extremes is equal to the square on the mean;_ and conversely, is only a special case of...

7. PART V.--GEOTECTONIC OR STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

From a study of the nature and composition of minerals and rocks, and an investigation of the different agencies by which they are formed and modified, the geologist proceeds to...

22. BOOK XII.

S 85. In the last part of Book XI. we have learnt how to compare the volumes of parallelepipeds and of prisms. In order to determine the volume of any solid bounded by plane fac...

19. part x, and the altitude y, we have to determine x and y in the first

k^2 being the given size of the first, and p and q the base and altitude of the parallelogram which determine the shape of the second of the required parallelograms.

21. volume V and the edges a, b, c, and the second, the volume V' and the

edges a', b', c', we may compare them by aid of two new ones which have respectively the edges a', b, c and a', b', c, and the volumes V1 and V2. We then have