Part 16

von =jē´hēr´= ~[_or_~ jē´hēr~] from time out of mind; at all times~

=jemand= ~[_gen._~ jemand(e)s, ~_dat._~ jemand(em), ~_acc._~ jemand(en); ~_no pl._] somebody, someone, anybody, anyone~

=jener=, jene, jenes ~that (... yonder); the former, the other [_While_~ dieser ~_implies proximity,_~ jener ~_implies remoteness._]~

=jenseit(s)= ~[~jēn⸗~ _or_~ jĕn⸗~] on the other (farther) side (of _gen._)~

=jetzt= ~now [_at present_]~

=Jōhann´= ~John~

das =Jōhan´nĭswürmchen= ~glowworm~

=Joseph= ~[yōzĕf] Joseph~

=jōvĭāl´= ~[yōvi-] jovial, jolly~

der =Jūbel=, des -s ~[yo̅o̅-] (noisy) merrymaking, shouts of joy~

=jūbeln= ~[yo̅o̅-] shout lustily (merrily, for joy)~

die =Jūgend= ~youth [_youthful age or young people_]~

der =Jū′līā´bend=, -e ~[yo̅o̅-] July evening~

=jung=, jünger, der jüngste ~young, youthful~

der =Junge=, -n ~boy, youngster, lad~

die =Jungen= ~the young (folks)~

der =Jüngling=, -e ~youth, young man~

=Jǖterbog= ~[~⸗bock~] Jüterbog, a Prussian town situated about forty miles south of Berlin~

K.

der =Kǟfer= ~beetle, chafer~

der =Kaf´fee=, des -s ~coffee~

=kahl= ~bald~

der =Kaiser= ~emperor [_A title that precedes a proper noun is never inflected unless it is itself preceded by an inflected pronoun. (But_~ Herr ~_is always inflected, pronoun or no pronoun._)]~

die =Kaiserstadt=, ⸗städte ~imperial city~

=kălt=, kä̆lter, der kä̆lteste ~cold, chill; cool, cold, indifferent~

die =Kälte= ~coolness, coldness~

=kām= ~_see_~ kommen

=kǟme= ~_past subj. of_~ kommen

der =Kămerād´=, -en ~[_in the nom. sg._~ d ~= t] comrade, companion, chum~

die =Kammer=, -n ~bedroom~

das =Kammerfenster= ~bedroom window;~ 43, 12 unters Kammerfenster ~against _or_ on the window sill~

der =Kampf=, ̈–e ~combat, fight, conflict~

=kann= ~_see_~ können

=kannst= ~_2nd pers. sg. pres. ind. of_~ können

=kannte= ~_see_~ kennen

die =Kănō´ne=, -n ~cannon~

die =Kăpel´le=, -n ~chapel~

der =Kăpītǟn´=, -e ~(sea) captain~

der =Kăplān´=, Kaplǟ´ne ~curate~

das =Käppchen= ~little cap~

die =Kapsel=, -n ~(hemispherical) cover~

=Karl= ~Charles~

der =Kărren= ~cart~

die =Kartŏf´fel=, -n ~potato~

die =Kasse=, -n ~(money) chest (box);~ alle Kassen ~all the coffers~

das =Kastell´=, -e ~citadel, fort~

der =Kasten= ~[_pl. also ̈–_] chest~

der =Kāter= ~tomcat~

=kauern= ~crouch, huddle~

der =Kaufmann=, Kaufleute ~[_less often_~ ⸗männer~] merchant~

=kaum= ~scarcely, hardly, [_only just_ =] barely~

die =Kegelkugel=, -n ~bowling ball~

=kehren= ~[~ist gekehrt ~_when equivalent to the intr._~ umkehren ~_or_~ zurückkehren~] turn; return;~ ich kehre mich wenig (nicht) daran ~I pay little (no) attention (heed) to that~

=kein=, keine, kein ~no, not a(ny)~

=keiner=, keine, keines ~no one, none, not any, nobody, not (any)one, not... anybody (but~ als~) [_When used as a subst._ ~kein ~_has throughout the inflection of_~ dieser~._Cf. note on_ ~einer~.]~

=kei´nerlei´= ~no kind of, not of any sort~

=keins= = keines

=kennen=, kannte (~_past subj._~ kennte~),~ gekannt ~[= _French_ connaître] know, be acquainted with; understand~

=kennzeichnen= ~mark, characterize, stamp~

=Kerkhoff= ~T. Kerkhoff, about whom the editors were not able to find out anything save that fifteen years ago this author lived in East Frisia~

der =Kerl=, -e ~fellow, chap; [_with an uncomplimentary adj._] wretch~

die =Kerze=, -n ~candle~

das =Kerzenlicht=, -er ~candlelight; lighted candle~

die =Kette=, -n ~chain~

=kichern= ~chuckle~

das =Kie´ferngehölz´=, -e ~pine grove~

das =Kind=, -er ~child~

die =Kinderjahre= ~[_pl._] childhood~

der =Kindesvater=, ⸗väter ~the father of the (a) child~

das =Kindlein= ~little child, baby~

die =Kindtaufe=, -n ~christening~

die =Kinzig= ~the Kinzig [_pronounced as in German_], a river in Baden, rising in the Black Forest and emptying into the Rhine not far from Strassburg~

die =Kirche=, -n ~church~

der =Kirchhōf=, ⸗höfe ~churchyard, cemetery~

der =Kirchtag=, -e = Kirchweih

die Kirchweih, -en ~[_Originally_] consecration of a church; [_now, usually, the annual festival in commemoration of the dedication of the parish church_] church-ale, parish fair, kermis~

der =Kirchweihtanz=, ⸗tänze ~kermis dance~

die =Kirmes=, ⸗messen = Kirchweih

=kitzeln= ~tickle~

k⸗k = ck ~[_in syllabication_]~

die =Klafter=, -n ~(_also_~ der ~_or_~ das Klafter) ~[_invariable after a numeral_] fathom~

=klāgen= ~complain (about, of~ über ~+ _acc._)~

=klāgend= ~wailing, plaintive~

=klǟglich= ~pitiful, sad~

=klammern= ~fasten (~an ~+ _acc._); dig, thrust (~in~ + _acc._)~

=klang= ~_see_~ klingen

=klappern= ~rattle, clatter~

das =Klappern=, des -s ~rattling, clattering~

=klappernd= ~_pres. part. of_~ klappern

=klaps!= ~click! snap! clap!~

=klārmachen=, machte klar´, klargemacht ~make _[a thing]_ clear~

die =Klasse,= -n ~class~

=Klaus= ~Claus [_an abbreviation due to the accent of_ ~Nīkōlā´us ~(_four syllables_)], Nicholas~

die =Klause,= -n = Einsiedelei ~hermitage~

=kleben= ~stick (fast), attach, fasten~

der =Klee,= des Klees ~clover~

das =Kleid,= -er ~garment; dress; [_pl., also_] clothes~

=kleiden= ~clothe, dress~

=klein= ~little [_size_], small, short~

der =Kleine;= (kein) Kleiner; ~[_pl._]~ Kleine; die (keine) Kleinen ~little boy (fellow, chap); _pl._ children~

=Klēve= ~[~v ~= v] Kleve (or Cleves), a manufacturing city in the Rhine Province of Prussia, some six miles from the Dutch border~

=klingen,= klang, geklungen ~sound, ring~

das =Klingen,= des -s ~ringing, clanging, clanking~

=klopfen= ~knock, rap;~ es klopft ~there is (comes) a knock~

=klūg,= klüger, der klügste ~prudent; wise; judicious; shrewd, sagacious~

=klǖger= ~_comp. of_~ klug

der =Knābe,= -n ~boy, lad~

=knallen= ~pop~

=knapp= ~bare(ly sufficient), close, tight~

=knarren= ~creak, squeak~

=knattern= ~rattle [_of musketry_]~

der =Knecht,= -e ~farm hand, hired man; groom; slave, drudge, serving man~

=knicken= ~snap, break~

das =Knie,= ~[_pl. Kniee or more usually_~ Knie~] knee~

=knie(e)n= ~kneel (down~ ist gekniet~)~

der =Knieriemen= ~(shoemaker’s) knee strap;~ einen Knieriemen an den Fuß bringen ~(put one’s foot in =) use a knee strap~

das =Knöchelchen= ~little bone~

der =Knochen= ~bone~

=knöchern= ~bony~

=knurren= ~growl (at~ auf ~+ _acc._)~

=kochen= ~cook, boil~

der =Köhler= ~charcoal burner~

der =Kollē´ge,= -n ~brother artist; colleague~

=kommen,= kām, ist gekommen ~come; get [(_in_)_to a place_];~ zu sich kommen ~“come to,” recover;~ emporgeflattert kommen ~come fluttering up [_German uses the PAST part. with_~ kommen ~_to denote the manner of coming_]; come (about), happen;~ wie kommt es, daß...? ~how does it come (happen) that...? what is the reason that...?~

=kommt’s= = kommt es

der =Kȫnig,= -e ~king~

die =Kȫnigstochter,= ⸗töchter ~[_In pl._~ ch ~_as in_ ~ich~] king’s daughter, (royal) princess~

=konjūgie´ren= ~[_past part._~ konjugiert´~] conjugate~

der =Konjunktīv´=, -e ~[~v ~= f _unless followed by_ ~e~, _then_ = v; _if contrasted with the ind._,~ Kon´⸗~] subjunctive (mood)~

=können=, kann, konnte ~(_past subj._~ könnte~),~ gekonnt ~(_or, if preceded by a dependent infin._,~ können~) [~können ~_expresses ability or possibility_] know (= have learned) [_a lesson, language, game, trick, feat_]; can, be able, may [_in colloqu. language often substituted for~ dürfen~, as_ can _is for_ may _in English_];~ ich kann nicht zurück = zurückkommen ~[_cf. last note on_ ~wollen~];~ 63, 21 obgleich... hätten sein können ~although it might well have been... [_In the perfect tenses the past part. of a mod. aux. assumes the form of the infin. if a dep. infin. precedes it; in such a case the tense auxiliary in a subordinate clause stands, not at the end of the clause, but before the dep. infin._]~

=konnte= ~_see_~ können

=könnte= ~_past subj. of_~ können

die =Konstruktiōn´=, -en ~[-str-; tsĭōn´] construction~

der =Kopf=, ̈–e ~head; [=~ Pfeifenkopf~] (pipe) bowl;~ die Tannen schüttelten =den Kopf= ~the fir trees shook =their heads=~

die =Kopfeslänge=, -n ~(the height of) a head~

das =Kopfkissen= ~pillow~

der =Korb=, ̈–e ~basket~

das =Körbchen= ~[~⸗rp⸗~] small basket~

der =Korbvoll= ~[~⸗rp⸗~; _invariable_] basketful~

der =Kork=,-e ~(_or_~ ̈–e~) stopper, cork~

das =Korn= ~[~̈–er ~_single grains_,~ -e ~_kinds of grain_] grain~

der =Körper= ~body~

die =Körperlänge=, -n ~the length of one’s body~

=körperlich= ~bodily, physical~

=korrīgie´ren= ~[_past part._~ korrigiert´~] correct~

=kostbār= ~precious, valuable~

=kosten= ~cost [_dat. (or acc.) of the person who pays_]~

=köstlich= ~delicious; charming, delightful~

=krabbeln= ~[~ist gekrabbelt~] scramble~

die =Kraft=, ̈–e ~force, strength, power;~ niemand kann über seine Kräfte ~no one can (go beyond =) do more than his strength allows;~ nach Kräften ~to the best of one’s ability~

=kräftig= ~strong; powerful; nourishing~

das =Krallentier=, -e ~claw-bearing animal~

der =Krampf=, ̈–e ~cramp, spasm;~ (wie) im Krampfe ~convulsively~

=krank=, kränker, der kränkste ~ill, sick, ailing, in poor health, feeble~

der =Kranke=; (kein) Kranker; ~[_pl._]~ Kranke; die (keine) Kranken ~sick man, invalid, patient; [_pl._] sick (folk), patients~

die =Kranke=, ~[_gen. and dat. sg._]~ -n ~sick girl (woman)~

=kränker= ~_comp. of_~ krank

die =Krankheit=, -en ~ailment; sickness~

das =Kraut=, Kräuter ~herb; plant; cabbage~

die =Krēātūr´= ~[_three syllables_],~ -en ~creature~

der =Krēbs=, Krebse ~[~b = p~] crawfish; [_sometimes loosely used for_] crab [_Cf._ Crayfish, _Encycl. Brit. VII, 387._]~

der =Krēbsgang=, des -(e)s ~[~b = p~] crab’s walk;~ den Krebsgang gehen ~go backward, deteriorate~

das =Krēbslein= ~[~b = p~] (my dear) Mr. Crawfish [_The suffixes_~ chen ~_and_~ lein~_, while usually of diminutive force, may also express endearment, tenderness, irony, or contempt._]~

der =Kreis=, Kreise ~circle;~ immer weitere Kreise ziehen ~draw wider and wider circles [_like a stone thrown into the middle of a pond_], spread farther and farther~

=kreischen= ~scream, shriek~

=kreischend= ~shrill~

=kreuzen= ~cross~

der =Kreuzer= ~kreuzer, “copper”~

der =Kreuzwēg=, -e ~a crossroads~

=kriechen=, kroch, ist gekrochen ~creep, crawl, drag one’s self along~

der =Krieg=, -e ~war;~ der Siebenjährige Krieg ~the Seven Years’ War (1756-1763) [_This adj. is capitalized as part of a fixed title; but_~ ein siebenjähriger Krieg ~a(ny) war lasting seven years.]~

=kriegen= ~[_colloqu._] get;~ den Schnupfen kriegen ~catch cold~

der =Krieger= ~warrior~

=Kriegs=⸗ (89, 7) = Kriegszeiten ~[_Cf._~ Ober⸗~.]~

der =Kriegsfūß=, des -es ~war footing~

der =Kriegsruhm=, des -(e)s ~military glory, fame of military achievements (exploits)~

die =Kriegszeit=, -en ~time of war~

der =Kriegszūg=, ⸗züge ~military expedition, campaign~

=kroch= ~_see_~ kriechen

der =Kronentāler= ~crown (taler)~

die =Kröte=, -n ~toad~

die =Krücke=, -n ~curved handle [_of an umbrella or cane_]~

=krumm=, krummer ~_or_~ krümmer, der krummste ~_or_~ krümmste ~crooked, bent;~ krumm gehen ~waddle~

der =Kū´bātā´bak=, -e ~Cuban tobacco~

die =Kü̆che=, -n ~kitchen~

der =Kūchen= ~cake~

das =Kǖchlein= ~(little) chicken~

der =Kuckuck=, -e ~cuckoo; [_a euphemism for_~ der Teufel~] the Old Scratch (Harry) [_Cf._~ Geier~.]~

die =Kuh=, ̈–e ~cow~

=kühl= ~cool~

=kümmern= ~trouble, concern;~ sich um etwas kümmern ~concern one’s self about, pay attention to~

die =Kunde= ~information; news~

=künftig= ~future; [_adv._] for (in) the future, hereafter; from that (this) time forth~

die =Kunst=, ̈–e ~art; feat~

das =Kupfer=, des -s ~copper~

die =Kuppel=, -n ~arched (tree)top~

=kurz=, kürzer, der kürzeste ~short, brief;~ kurz,... ~in short (in a word),...~

=kürzlich= ~lately, not long ago (before), (just) recently [_referring to a time more recent than that indicated by_ ~neulich~]~

der =Kŭß=, Küsse ~kiss~

=küssen= ~kiss~

=küßte= ~_see_~ küssen

die =Kutsche=, -n ~coach, carriage~

der =Kutscher= ~coachman, driver~

die =Kutte=, -n ~cowl, frock~

der =Kyffhäuser= ~[~kĭf-~] the Kyffhäuser, a forest-clad hill in Thuringia, in the depths of which Emperor Frederick Barbarossa is said to be awaiting the hour of deliverance~

der =Kyffhäuserberg= = Kyffhäuser

L.

=lāben= ~refresh;~ sich =an= etwas ~[_dat._]~ laben ~regale one’s self =with=...~

=lächeln= ~smile~

=lăchen= ~laugh~

das =Lăchen=, des -s ~laughing, laughter~

=lächerlich= ~ludicrous, ridiculous~

=Lächerliches= ~ludicrous, ridiculous ~[_Cf._ ~Besonderes~.]~

=lāden=, lädt, lūd, gelāden ~load~

=lāden=, lādet ~_or_~ lǟdt, lud ~_or_~ lādete, gelāden ~[_originally a weak verb; cf. the alternative weak forms still found in the pres. and past_] invite~

=lāg= ~_see_~ liegen

die =Lāge= ~situation; exposure~

das =Lāger= ~couch, bed~

=lahm= ~lame~

der =Lăkai´=, -en ~lackey, footman~

die =Lampe=, -n ~lamp~

der =Lampenhändler= ~lamp dealer~

das =Lämplein= ~little lamp;~ das ewige Lämplein ~the (little) “eternal lamp”~

das =Land=, ̈–er ~[_individually, but collectively_ = districts~ Lande~; _cf._~ Wort~] land; country;~ über Land ~across the country; away from home~

die =Länderei´=, -en ~estate, (landed) property~

der =Landesfürst=, -en ~sovereign, ruler of the country~

die =Landesgrenze=, -n ~border (of the state _or_ country)~

das =Landhaus=, ⸗häuser ~[~⸗nt⸗~] country house, villa~

die =Landkarte=, -n ~[~⸗nt⸗~] (geographical) map~

die =Landleute= ~[~⸗nt⸗~] _see_~ Landmann

der =Landmann=, -(e)s, Landleute ~[~⸗nt⸗~] peasant, countryman~

die =Landratte=, -n ~[~⸗nt⸗~] (land) rat; landsman, landlubber~

die =Landschaft=, -en ~[~⸗nt⸗~] landscape~

=Landsleute= ~[~⸗nts⸗~] _see_~ Landsmann

der =Landsmann=, -(e)s, Landsleute ~[~⸗nts⸗~] (fellow) countryman, compatriot~

die Landstraße, -n ~[~⸗nt⸗~] highway, road~

der =Landstreicher= ~[~⸗nt⸗~] vagrant, tramp~

das =Landvolk=, des -(e)s ~[~⸗nt⸗~] country people (folk); peasants~

der =Landwein=, -e ~[~⸗nt⸗~] homegrown wine~

=lăng=, länger, der längste ~[~ng ~_as in_ singer] long; _see also_~ lange

=lănge= ~[_or, after an acc. expressing duration,_ ~lăng~] _adv._ long [_of time only_];~ eine Stunde lang ~for an hour;~ mein Leben lang ~my (whole) life long;~ noch nicht lange saßen sie da, so sahen sie... ~they hadn’t been sitting there very long when (before) they saw... [_cf._~ währen~]; (for) a long time [_often reënforced by_~ schon~];~ hatte schon lange gewünscht ~had been wishing for a long time (now _or_ already)~

die =Länge=, -n ~length~

=länger= ~_comp. of_~ lang ~_or_~ lange; vor längerer Zeit ~[_rather (yet not really) a long time ago, i.e.,_] some little time ago, quite a while ago [_The comparative is often used (cf._ elderly _in English) to express a moderate degree that falls short of the pos._]~

der =Lăngfing(e)rige=, -n ~the lightfingered fellow, thief~

der =Lănggeöhrte=, -n ~long-eared chap; Bre’r Longears~

=lăng′gezō´gen= ~long-drawn, prolonged~

=lăngsām= ~slow; leisurely~

=längst= ~long since, long ago~

=lăngweilen= ~bore;~ sich langweilen ~feel bored, have a dull time of it~

der =Lappen= ~piece of cloth, rag~

der =Lärm=, des -(e)s ~noise, din; alarm;~ Lärm schlagen ~sound the alarm; raise a racket~

=lās= ~_see_~ lesen

=lăß= ~_imper. sg. of_~ lassen

=lassen=, lä̆ßt, ließ, gelassen ~(_or, when preceded by a dependent infin., usually_~ lassen~) let; allow _or_ cause someone _or_ something [_acc._] to do a thing;~ er ließ mich (den Diener) dem Manne den Korb reichen ~he let, had, _or_ made me (the servant) hand the basket to the man;~ 41, 21 er ließ dem Manne den Korb reichen ~(he let _or_ had someone [_not specifically mentioned_] hand the basket to the man, _i.e._,) he had the basket handed to the man [_cf. French_ faire];~ 81, 16 ließ sich... ein alter Graben erkennen... ~an old ditch [_let the observer recognize it, i.e._,] could be made out; leave;~ ich ließ den Regenschirm in der Ecke =stehen= ~(_cf._ 74, 17) I left my umbrella =standing= in the corner; 41, 16 let go, part with, sell~

=lăßt= ~_see_~ lassen

=lä̆ßt= ~_see_~ lassen

die =Last=, -en ~load, burden~

das =Lātern´chen= ~[~⸗er⸗ ~_as in_ ferry] little lantern~

die =Lăter´ne=, -n ~[~⸗er⸗ ~_as in_ ferry] lantern~

das =Laub=, des -(e)s ~foliage, leaves~

der =Laubengang=, ⸗gänge ~arbored walk, shaded (shady) walk~

der =Laubfrosch=, ⸗frösche ~[~laup⸗~] tree toad~

das =Laubwerk=, des -(e)s ~[~laup⸗~] =~ Laub ~foliage~

die =Lauer= ~ambush, lookout;~ sich auf die Lauer legen ~(go to) lie in wait (to see what will happen)~

der =Lauf=, des -(e)s ~course~

=laufen=, läuft, lief, ist gelaufen ~run [_Cf._ ~rennen~.]~

=läufst= ~_2nd pers. sg. pres. ind. of_~ laufen

=läuft= ~_see_~ laufen

die =Laune=, -n ~humor, temper~

=lauschen= ~listen intently (_to dat., or_~ auf ~+ _acc._)~

=laut= ~loud; aloud~

=lauten= ~sound; run; be worded~

=läuten= ~ring [_tr. or intr._]~

=lauter= ~[_invariable_] =~ nichts als ~mere(ly), nothing but~

mein =lēbelang= = mein Leben lang ~_see_~ lange

=leben=, ~be alive~

das =Leben= ~life;~ das Leben lassen ~lay down (lose) one’s life~

das =Le´bensēlixier´=, -e ~[-ens, NOT -enz] elixir of life~

die =Le´bensgefähr´tin=, -nen ~[-ens, NOT -enz] (female) companion for life, wife~

der =Lebenslauf=, ⸗läufe ~[-ens, NOT -enz] (earthly) career~

das =Lebenslicht=, -er ~[-ens, NOT -enz] candle of life, taper~

der =Le´bensun´terhalt=, des -(e)s ~[-ens, NOT -enz] support, living~

=lēblōs= ~[~b = p~] lifeless, inanimate, dead~

=lechzen= ~be parched with thirst~

=lechzend= ~parched and lolling (out for thirst)~

=lēdern= ~(made of) leather~

=leer= ~empty, destitute, deserted~

=leeren= ~empty (out)~

=legen=, legte, gelegt ~lay, laid, laid;~ sich legen ~lie down (flat);~ sich aufs Bitten legen ~resort to entreaty~

das =Lēgītīmātiōns´păpier´=, -e ~[~⸗māziōns´⸗ ~(-ns, NOT -nz);~ păpier ~_with two syllables_] (paper furnishing) proof of identity, passport~

der =Lehmboden=, des -s ~clay soil~

die =Lehmhütte=, -n ~clay-chinked hovel~

=lehnen= ~lean~

der =Lehnstuhl=, ⸗stühle ~armchair, easy-chair~

=lehren= ~teach [_acc. of the person and acc. (or infin._ =without=~ zu~) _of the thing taught_];~ sie lehrt mich stricken ~she is teaching me =to= knit [_Cf._~ lernen~.]~

der =Lehrer= ~(man) teacher~

die =Lehrerin=, -nen ~(woman) teacher~

der =Leib=, -er ~body~

das =Leib´gericht´=, -e ~[līp-] = ~Lieblingsgericht ~favorite dish~

=leibhaftig= ~[~b = p~] incarnate, bodily, in person, personified;~ leibhaftig vor Augen (stehen) ~(see) staring one in the face~

=leicht= ~easy, light, slight; skillful; _adv._ easily, readily, likely~

=leichtfüßig= ~light-footed~

=leicht′geflü´gelt= ~light-winged~

=leiden=, litt, gelitten ~suffer (with some disease~ an~ + _dat._; from, _i.e._, in consequence of, certain circumstances ~unter ~+ _dat._);~ den Opfertod (er)leiden ~lay down one’s life~

=leider= ~alas! unfortunately, sad to say~

=leidlich= ~[~leit⸗~]~ ~tolerable; [_adv., also_] fairly~

=leihen=, lieh, geliehen ~lend~

der =Leinwandbeutel= ~[~⸗nt⸗~] linen bag~

=Leipzig= ~[~z ~= ts] Leipzig, after Berlin, Hamburg, and Munich the largest city of Germany, in the kingdom of Saxony; seat of the third largest German university (1913, 6000 students), founded in 1409; principal seat of the publishing trade in Germany~

=leise= ~[_drops the second_~ e ~_before the_~ e ~_of an inflectional syllable_] soft, noiseless, gentle; low, hardly audible; hardly perceptible~

=leiser= ~_see_~ leise

=leisten= ~perform; render [_service_]~

die =Leistung=, -en ~performance~

die =Leiter=, -n ~ladder~

=lenken= ~turn, direct;~ die Aufmerksamkeit auf sich lenken ~attract (people’s) attention~

=lernen= ~learn;~ ich lerne stricken ~I am learning =to= knit [_Cf._~ lehren~.]~

=lēsen=, liest, lās, gelēsen ~read; decipher, make out~

das =Lēsestück=, -e ~selection for reading~

=letzte=, der, die, das ~last, extreme;~ in der letzten Zeit ~lately, of late, recently; shortly before one’s death~

der =letztere= ~[_or, often, without the def. art._,~ letzterer~] the latter~

=leuchten= ~shine, beam, glisten; light the path~

=Leut’= = Leute

die =Leutchen= ~[_pl. only_] good people (folk) [_Cf._ ~Krebslein~.]~

die =Leute= ~[_pl. only_] people, persons, folk(s); servants, (hired) help (hands)~

das =Licht=, -er ~[lights, _but_~ -e~ candles] light; candle~

das =Lichtchen= ~little (tiny) light~

=lieb= ~dear, precious; agreeable, pleasant;~ der liebe Gott ~the (good) Lord;~ das ist mir lieb(er als...) ~that pleases me (better than...)~

=lieben= ~love~

=lieber= ~_comp. of_~ lieb; ~[_when used as comp. of_~ gern~] rather, by preference~

der =Liebesdienst=, -e ~good office~

die =Liebesgābe=, -n ~(charitable) gift~

=liebgewinnen=, gewann ~(_usually_~ gewönne~)~ lieb´, liebgewonnen ~[~b = p~] come to like (love)~

=liebgewonnen= ~_see_~ liebgewinnen

=lieblich=, ~[~b = p~] pleasant, lovely, charming, sweet~

das =Lieb′lingsgericht´=, -e ~[~b = p~; -ings, NOT -ingz] =~ Leibgericht ~favorite dish (food)~

das =Lieblingspfērd=, -e ~[~b = ~p; -ings, NOT -ingz] favorite horse~

=liebste=, der, die, das ~[~b = p~] _superl. of_~ lieb

am =liebsten= ~[~b = p~] _superl. of the pred. adj. or the adv._~ lieb; ~[_used as superl. of_~ gern~] most gladly; like best to (do the thing expressed by the verb); _see_~ gern

das =Lied=, -er ~song~

=lief= ~_see_~ laufen

=liegen=, lāg, gelēgen ~lie, lay, lain; be situated~

=lie´genbleiben=, blieb lie´gen, ist lie´gengeblieben ~remain lying, be left lying~

=ließ= ~_see_~ lassen

die =Linde=, -n ~linden (tree)~

der =Lindenbaum=, ⸗bäume ~linden tree~

die =Lindenlaube=, -n ~linden arbor~

=Lindow= ~[~ow ~_as in_ know] Lindow [_a surname, pronounced as in German_]~

=link= ~left~

die =Linke=, ~[_gen. and dat. sg._]~ -n ~left (side, hand)~

=links= ~on (at) the left (hand _or_ side); (to) the left~

die =Lippe=, -n ~lip~

die =List=, -en ~cunning, craft(iness); ruse, trick~

=listig= ~cunning, crafty~

=litt= ~_see_~ leiden

das =Lōb=, des -(e)s ~praise~

=lōb’= = lobe

=lōben= ~praise, commend;~ da lobe ich mir...! ~that’s what I like! that’s the thing for me!~

das =Loch=, ̈–er ~hole~

=locker= ~gay~

der =Lohn= ~[~̈–e ~_in sense_ fees, wages] reward; pay~

=Lŏndŏn= ~London~

=lōs= ~loose, free;~ los! ~(one, two, three,) go! “here goes!”;~ der Unfug ist los ~the mischief starts~

=lōs= ~_sep. pref. _[_expressing 1. direction, continuation, or intensity of action, 2. release_] away; loose~

das =Lōs=, Lose ~lot, destiny, fate~

=löschen= ~extinguish; quench~

=lōsdreschen=, drischt los´, drosch ~(_or_~ drasch; ~_past subj._~ drösche~)~ los´, losgedroschen ~thresh (thrash) away _or_ hard~

=Lose= ~_see_~ Los

=lösen= ~loosen, disentangle, release; obtain [_by exchange or sale_]~

=lōsfiedeln=, fiedelte los´, losgefiedelt ~fiddle (scrape) away~

=lōsgehen=, ging los´, ist losgegangen ~commence; fly at;~ gerade auf einen losgehen ~go (walk) straight up to a person~

=lōshämmern=, hämmerte los´, losgehämmert ~hammer _or_ pound away (at~ auf + _acc._)~

=lōslassen=, lä̆ßt los´, ließ los´ losgelassen ~release, set free, let one go; let go (of)~

=lōsmachen=, machte los´, losgemacht ~unfasten, untie~

=lōspeitschen=, peitschte los´, losgepeitscht ~whip away (at ~auf ~+ _acc._)~

drauf =lōsreden=, redete los´, losgeredet ~talk on and on (at random)~

=lōsgeschlāgen=, schlǟgt los´, schlūg los´, losgeschlāgen ~strike (pound, hit) away (at~ auf ~+ _acc._)~

=lōsschmieden=, schmiedete los´, losgeschmiedet ~hammer away (at~ auf ~+ _acc._)~

=lōsschreiben=, schrieb los´, losgeschrieben ~write away (carelessly)~

die =Lücke=, -n ~gap, crack~

=lūd= ~_see_~ laden ~_or_~ einladen

die =Luft=, ̈–e ~air~

die =Luftblāse=, -n ~(air) bubble~

=lüften= ~lift, raise~

=lūgen= ~peer, strain one’s eyes~

der =Lump=, -e ~_or_~ -en ~[lo͝omp] good for nothing fellow~

das =Lum´pengesin´del= ~pack of ragamuffins (good for naughts)~

die =Lunge=, -n ~[lo͝ong-] lung, the lungs~