Chapter 35

s', _see_ se or si. sa, _see_ son. Saâdi, Sadi, celebrated Persian poet, _see_ also Gulistan (c. 1190-1291). Saar, _f._ Saar (Alsatian river). sabir, _m._ mixture of Arabic, French, Spanish and Italian spoken in the Levant, jargon. sable, _m._ sand. sablonneux, -euse, _adj._ sandy. sabot, _m._ wooden shoe, hoof. sabre, _m._ saber. sac, _m._ sack, bag. sachet, _m._ sachet, scent-bag. sacrer, _v._ to consecrate. sacrificateur, _m._ priest, high priest (Jewish). sacrifier, _v._ to sacrifice. sacrilège, _m._ sacrilege. sacristain, _m._ sacristan, sexton. sage, _adj._ good, well-behaved, wise. sage-femme, _f._ midwife. saigner, _v._ to bleed; -- du nez, have the nosebleed. sain, -e, _adj._ healthy, sound. saint, -e, _adj. and s._ saintly, holy, sacred, saint. Saint-Christophe, Saint Christopher (name of a church and street in Heidelberg). Saint-Cloud, town on the Seine, a western suburb of Paris. Saint-Nazaire, city and port at the mouth of the Loire. sainte-nitouche, _f._ sanctimonious person, one who affects an innocent air. Saint-Paul (hôtel), former residence of Charles V in the Saint-Antoine quarter of Paris. Saint-Pierre (île de), island in the Swiss Lake of Bienne (Rousseau tried to take refuge here in 1765). Saint-Vincent, name of a footbridge over the Saône in Lyons. saisir, _v._ to seize, catch, grasp. saisissement, m. shock. saison, _f._ season; marchand des quatre saisons, costermonger, huckster. salade, _f._ salad. salant, -e, _adj._ salt. sale, _adj._ dirty, nasty. salé, -e, _adj._ salt, spicy. salive, _f._ saliva. salle, _f._ hall, room, office; -- de police, guard-room; -- à manger, dining-room; -- de jeu, gambling-room. salon, _m._ drawing-room, reception-room. saltimbanque, _m._ mountebank, juggler, street actor. saluer, _v._ to bow to, bow, greet, salute. salut, _m._ salutation, bow, safety, salvation. samedi, _m._ Saturday. sandale, _f._ sandal. sang, _m._ blood. sang-froid, _m._ coolness. sanglant, -e, _adj._ bloody. sanglot, _m._ sob. sangloter, _v._ to sob. sanguinaire, _adj._ sanguinary, bloodthirsty. sans, _prep._ without, except for, had it not been for; -- que, _conj._ without. santé, _f._ health. Saône, _f._ Saône (river flowing into the Rhone at Lyons; _a_ not pronounced). saoul, -e, _adj._ drunk (also written _soûl_; pronounced: _sou_). sapas, _m._ a slang word, translate: greedy-gut. sapin, _m._ fir-tree, spruce. sarcastique, _adj._ sarcastic. Sardaigne, _f._ Sardinia (the ltalian island). sarde, _adj._ Sardinian. sardine, _f._ sardine. sarrasin, -e, _adj. and s._ Saracenic, Saracen (written Sarrasin when _s._). sarrasin, _m._ buckwheat. satan, _m._ Satan, evil genius. satin, _m._ satin. satisfaction, _f._ satisfaction. satisfaire, _v._ to satisfy. saucisse, _f._ Balisage. saucisson, _m._ Balisage (large). sauf, sauve, _adj._ safe. saumâtre, _adj._ briny, brackish. saumure, _f._ brine. saut, _m._ leap. sauter, _v._ to jump, leap, skip, leap over, pop, be broken (bank); -- sur les sabres, leap to draw the sabers; -- au cou de, fall on the neck of. sautiller, _v._ to hop, skip, leap. sautoir, _m._ Saint Andrew's cross; en --, cross-wise, across the shoulders. sauvage, _adj. and s._ wild, savage. sauvagerie, _f._ shyness. sauver, _v._ to save; se --, save oneself, run away. sauvetage, _m._ rescue; bateau de --, life-boat. sauveur, _m._ savior. savane, _f._ savannah, prairie. savate, _f._ old shoe. Savenay, village in the department of Loire-Inférieure. savoir, _v._ to know, know how, know to be, find out, can; -- gré à, thank; on ne sait comment, somehow or other; je ne sais quel, I do not know what, some; je ne sais plus quel, I have forgotten what; est-ce que je sais?, do I know, "aldquo;and a lot of other things," etc. savourer, _v._ to savor, relish. savoureux, -euse, _adj._ savory. scandale, _m._ scandal. scandaleux, -euse, _adj._ scandalous, shameful. scandaliser, _v._ to scandalize. scélérat, -e, _adj. and s._ wicked, heinous, villain, wretch, rascal. scellé, _m._ seal; mettre les scellés, to geal up (the possessions of a debtor). sceller, _v._ to seal, make fast. scène, _f._ scene. sceptique, _adj. and s._ skeptical, skeptic. schako, _m._ shako (military cap resembling a truncated cone and having a plume or pompon, now little used in the French army). scier, _v._ to saw. scintiller, _v._ to scintillate, twinkle, sparkle. scorpion, _m._ scorpion. scrupule, _m._ scruple. sculpter, _v._ to sculpture, carve, engrave (_p_ not pronounced). sculpture, _f._ sculpture, carving (_p_ not pronounced). se (s'), _refl. pr._ himself, herself, itself, themselves, etc. seau, _m._ pail, bucket. sec, sèche, _adj. and s._ dry, dried up, skinny, keen, sharp, curt, harsh, dried up fellow. sèchement, _adv._ dryly, curtly. sécher, _v._ to dry. sécheresse, _f._ dryness, harshness, lack of feeling. second, -e, _adj._ second (_c_ pronounced as _g_). seconde, _f._ second (_c_ pronounced as _g_). secouer, _v._ to shake, shake off. secourable, _adj._ helpful; -- pour, willing to help. secourir, _v._ to succor, aid, help. secours, _m._ succor, aid, help, assistance; au --!, help! secousse, _f._ shake, shaking, shock. secret, -ète, _adj. and m._ secret. secrétaire, _m._ secretary, clerk, writing-desk. séculaire, _adj._ secular, a hundred years old, venerable. séduire, _v._ to seduce, attract, lead astray, be attractive; séduisant, -e, seductive, attractive. seigneur, _m._ lord; le Seigneur, the Lord. seigneurial, -e, _adj._ seigniorial, lordly. sein, _m._ breast, bosom. Seine, _f._ Seine. seize, _card._ sixteen. séjour, _m._ sojourn, star, visit, staying. sel, _m._ salt. sélam, _m._ Oriental name for a bouquet of flowers expressing a thought (of love); derived from Arabic salam, salutation (_m_ pronounced). selle, _f._ saddle. selon, _prep._ according to; -- que, according as. Seltz, Seltzer (town in Hesse); eau de --, Seltzer-water. semaine, _f._ week. semaison, _f._ seed-time, natural sowing of seeds by the plants themselves (obsolescent). semblable, _adj._ similar, like, of this kind. sembler, _v._ to seem. semelle, _f._ sole (shoe); battre la --, to tramp. semer, _v._ to sow, strew. sémillant, -e, _adj._ frisky. sens, _m._ sense, direction (final s not pronounced). sensation, _f._ sensation. sensibilité, _f._ sensitiveness, feeling. sensible, _adj._ sensitive. sensiblement, _adv._ perceptibly, sensibly. sentence, _f._ maxim, saying. senteur, _f._ odor, fragrance, perfume. sentier, _m._ path. sentiment, _m._ sentiment, feeling. sentimental, -e, _adj._ sentimental. sentinelle, _f._ sentinel. sentir, _v._ to feel, perceive, smell, smell of; se --, feel oneself, feel that one has or is, feel; -- à plein nez, fill the nose with odors of, reek with. séparer, _v._ to separate; se --, be separated, separate. sept, _card._ seven (_p_ not pronounced). septembre, _m._ September. sérail, _m._ seraglio. serein, -e, _adj._ serene, calm. serge, _f._ serge. sergent, _m._ sergeant. sergot, _m._ "cldquo;cop" (slang). sérieusement, _adv._ seriously. sérieux, -euse, _adj._ serious. serment, _m._ oath. serpent, _m._ serpent. serrer, _v._ to tighten, squeeze, press, clench, grip, keep, fit tight on, draw tight, shake (hands); se -- le coeur, be or make heart-sick; serré, -e, tight, close, compact, dense, pressed; avoir le coeur serré, be heavy-hearted. serrure, _f._ lock. servante, _f._ maid-servant. service, _m._ service, commission; pour votre --, to serve you; faire le -- de, run to. serviette, _f._ napkin, towel, portfolio. servir, _v._ to serve, be of use; se -- de, make use of, use; -- de, serve as; pour vous --, at your service. serviteur, _m._ servant. ses, _see_ son. seuil, _m._ threshold. seul, -e, _adj._ alone, single. seulement, _adv._ only, even. sévère, _adj._ severe. sévérité, _f._ severity; avec --, sternly. si, _conj. and adv._ if, to see if, whether, what if, so, yes (contradiction), you ask if; -- ça se peut, the idea of asking whether that's possible. siècle, _m._ century. siège, _m._ seat, siege. siéger, _v._ to sit (of assemblies, etc.). sien, -ne, _adj. pr._ (usually with le), his, hers, its, his own, etc.; les siens, his people or family, etc. sifflement, _m._ whistling. siffler, _v._ to whistle, hiss. sifflet, _m._ whistle; coup de --, whistle. signalement, _m._ description. signaler, _v._ to signal, call to one's attention. signature, _f._ signature. signe, _m._ sign; faire --, to make a sign, beckon. signer, _v._ to sign. significatif,-ive, _adj._ significant. signifier, _v._ to signify. silence, _m._ silence; garder le --, to keep silent. silencieusement, _adv._ silently. silencieux, -euse, _adj._ silent. silhouette, _f._ silhouette (drawing representing a profile traced by means of a shadow), outline. sillon, _m._ furrow. sillonner, _v._ to furrow. Simon, Simon. simple, _adj._ simple, mere, only; -- soldat, private. simplement, _adv._ simply, merely. simuler, _v._ to feign, simulate, take on the appearance of. simultanément, _adv._ simultaneously. sincère, _adj._ sincere. sincèrement, _adv._ sincerely. sincérité, _f._ sincerity. singe, _m._ monkey, ape (applied to a disagreeable person, = "bldquo;bear"). singulier, -ère, _adj._ singular, peculiar, odd. singulièrement, _adv._ singularly. sinistre, _adj. and m._ sinister, accident. sinon, _conj._ if not, except. siphon, _m._ siphon. siphoïde, _adj._ in the form of a siphon, siphonal. sir, _m._ Sir (English title). site, _m._ site, spot. sitôt, _adv._ so soon, as soon as; -- que, _conj._ as soon as. situation, _f._ situation, state. situer, _v._ to place; situé, -e, situated. six, _card._ six; tous les --, all six (_x_ pronounced as _s_). sixième, _ord._ sixth (_x_ pronounced as _z_). Skouliani, Skuleni (town on the Russo-Rumanian frontier). snobisme, _m._ snobbishness, snobbism. sobriété, _f._ sobriety. social, -e, _adj._ social. société, _f._ society, company. soeur, _f._ sister. sofa, _m._ sofa. soi, _refl. pr._ oneself, itself (indefinite). soie, _f._ silk. soierie, _f._ silk-trade; _pl._ silks. soif, _f._ thirst. soigneusement, _adv._ carefully. soigneux, -euse, _adj._ careful. soi-même, _refl. pr._ oneself (indefinite). soin, _m._ care, attention; _pl._ care, attentions, aid. soir, _m._ evening; le --, the evening, in the evening; hier au --, yesterday evening. soirée, _f._ evening, evening entertainment. soit, _adv._ be it so, so be it, whether; -- que ... -- que, either because ... or because. soixante, _card._ sixty (_x_ pronounced as _s_). soixante-douze, _card._ seventy-two. soixante-huit, _card._ sixty-eight. sol, _m._ soil, ground, floor. soldat, _m._ soldier. Soldatenthal, town in the former French department of Meurthe. solde, _f._ soldier's pay. soleil, _m._ sun, sunlight. solennellement, _adv._ solemnly (_len_ pronounced: _lan_). solide, _adj._ strong, steady, firm. solitude, _f._ solitude. solive, _f._ rafter, joist. solliciter, _v._ to solicit, ask for. solliciteur, -euse, _m., f._ solicitor, solicitress, one who asks assistance. sollicitude, _f._ solicitude. solo, _m._ solo. sombre, _adj._ somber, dark, gloomy. somme, _f._ sum. somme, _m._ nap. sommeil, _m._ sleep. sommeiller, _v._ to slumber, doze. sommer, _v._ to summon, call upon. somnambule, _adj. and s._ somnambulic, somnambulist. somnoler, _v._ to be overcome with sleep, drowse. somptueux, -euse, _adj._ sumptuous. son, _m._ sound. son, sa (ses, _pl.), poss. adj. pr._ his, her, its. songe, _m._ dream, illusion. songer, _v._ to dream, muse; think; mais songez, but just think. songeur, -euse, _adj._ dreamy, thoughtful. sonner, _v._ to ring, ring out or for, strike. sonnette, _f._ small tell; coup de --, ring; donner un coup de --, to ring. sonore, _adj._ sonorous. sorbet, _m._ sherbet. sordide, _adj._ sordid, dirty, filthy. sornette, _f._ idle story, nonsense. sort, _m._ lot, fate; le -- en est jeté, the die is cast. sorte, _f._ sort, kind; en quelque --, in some way, in a way; en -- que, _conj._ so that. sortie, _f._ going out, exit, egress, release, departure. sortir, _v._ to go out, come out, get out, stick out, put or take or be out, leave, project, graduate. sot, -te,_ adj. and s._ foolish, stupid, fool. sottise, _f._ foolishness, foolish act or remark, stupidity; avoir la -- de, to be foolish enough to. sou, _m._ sou, cent; gros --, two cent piece; cent sous, five francs, dollar (familiar); une pièce de vingt sous, a franc. souche, _f._ stump, log. souci, _m._ care, anxiety, concern. soucier, _v._ to disturb; se --, care, be concerned. soucieux, -euse, _adj._ anxious, care-worn. soucoupe, _f._ saucer. soudain, -e, _adj._ and adv. sudden, suddenly. soude, _f._ soda. souder, _v._ to solder, weld. souffle, _m._ breath, breathing. souffler, _v._ to blow, blow out or up, breathe, puff. soufflet, _m._ bellows, box (on the ear). souffleter, _v._ to buffet. souffrance, _f._ suffering. souffrir, _v._ to suffer; souffrant, -e, _adj._ ill. soufre, _m._ sulphur. souhait, _m._ wish; à --, as one would wish. souhaiter, _v._ to wish. souiller, _v._ to soil, sully. soulagement, _m._ relief. soulager, _v._ to relieve. soulever, _v._ to raise, lift; se --, raise oneself, rise. soulier, _m._ low shoe. soulot, _m._ drunk (slang). soumettre, _v._ to submit, subject; soumis, -e, _adj._ submissive. soupçon, _m._ suspicion. soupçonner, _v._ to suspect. soupe, _f._ soup. soupente, _f._ loft, garret. souper, _v._ to take supper, eat supper; _m._ supper. soupir, _m._ sigh. soupirail, _m._ air-hole, venthole, cellar window. soupirer, _v._ to sigh. souple, _adj._ supple. souplesse, _f._ suppleness, flexibility. source, _f._ source, spring. sourcil, _m._ eye-brow. sourd, -e, _adj._ deaf, muffied, dull, hollow. sourire, _v._ to smile; _m._ smile. souris, _f._ mouse. sournois, -e, _adj._ sly, cunning. sous, _prep._ under, beneath, in; -- votre respect, save your respect. sous-commission, _f._ sub-committee. sous-lieutenant, _m._ second lieutenant. sous-officier, _m._ non-commissioned officer. sous-préfet, _m._ sub-prefect (head of an arrondissement). sous-préfecture, _f._ sub-prefecture (house, function, district, etc., of a sub-prefect). soutache, _f._ braid (narrow). soutane, _f._ cassock. soutenir, _v._ to sustain, bear, maintain, support, keep up. souterrain, -e, _adj. and m._ subterranean, subterranean passage, tunnel. soutien, _m._ support, prop, defender. souvenir (se), _v._ to remember; il vous en souvient, you remember it; _m._ memory, recollection, remembrance, souvenir. souvent, _adv._ often. Spandau, city and fortress near Berlin. spasme, _m._ spasm. spécial, -e, _adj._ special. spectacle, _m._ spectacle, show, play, display, sight. spéculer, _v._ to speculate. squelette, _m._ skeleton. stalactite, _f._ stalactite. staroste, _m._ starost (Polish nobleman, or in Russia = bailiff, head of a commune). station, _f._ stop, station, stand. statue, _f._ statue. stature, _f._ stature. steppe, _m. or f._ steppe (great treeless tract in Russia and Siberia). stéréotyper, _v._ to stereotype; stéréotypé, _m._ stereotyped character. stoïque, _adj._ stoic. stratagème, _m._ stratagem. strident, -e, _adj._ strident, shrill. stupéfaction, _f._ stupefaction. stupéfait, -e, _adj._ stupefied, astonished. stupeur, _f._ stupor. stupide, _adj._ stupid, stupefied. suave, _adj._ suave, sweet, gentle. subir, _v._ to undergo. subit, -e, _adj._ sudden. subitement, _adv._ suddenly. sublime, _adj._ sublime. succéder, _v._ to succeed, follow. succès, _m._ success. sucre, _m._ sugar; -- en poudre, powdered sugar. sucrer, _v._ to sugar, sweeten; sucré, -e, _adj._ sweet. sucrerie, _f._ sugar-refinery; _pl._ sweetmeats, candy. sud, _m._ south (_d_ pronounced). suer, _v._ to sweat. sueur, _f._ sweat. suffire, _v._ to suffice, be enough; suffisant, -e, sufficient. suffoquer, _v._ to suffocate, choke. suggestion, _f._ suggestion. suif, _m._ tallow. suiffeux, _m._ fat and greasy fellow (slang, derived from suif); gros -- à ne rien faire, big fat good-for-nothing. Suisse, _f. and adj._ Switzerland, Swiss (written suisse when _adj._). suite, _f._ following, retinue, succession, result, rest; tout de --, immediately; par --, in consequence; par -- de, because of; à la -- (de), after, behind; de --, in succession. suivre, _v._ to follow, study. sujet, _m._ subject; au -- de, about. sultan, -e, _m., f._ sultan, sultana. superbe, _adj._ superb, splendid. supérieur, -e, _adj._ superior, upper. superstitieux, -euse, _adj._ superstitious (second _ti_ pronounced as _ci_). superstition, _f._ superstition. supplication, _f._ supplication, entreaty. supplier, _v._ to supplicate, beg. supporter, _v._ to support, tolerate. supposer, _v._ to suppose, suggest. supposition, _f._ supposition. suprême, _adj._ supreme, last. sur, _prep._ on, upon, over, near, about, toward, to; prendre --, to take from; -- -le-champ, at once, on the spot; sauter -- ses pieds, to leap to his feet; rouler -- l'or, roll in money. sûr, -e, _adj._ sure, certain; pour -- (que), surely. suranné, -e, _adj._ superannuated, antiquated. sûreté, _f._ safety. surexciter, _v._ to overexcite. surface, _f._ surface. surgir, _v._ to rise, spring up. surhumain, -e, _adj._ superhuman. surmonter, _v._ to surmount. surnaturel, -le, _adj._ supernatural. surnuméraire, _m._ supernumerary, one not yet receiving a salary. surpasser, _v._ to surpass. surplis, _m._ surplice (outer white garment of the clergy). surplus, _m._ surplus; au --, moreover, besides, however. surprendre, _v._ to surprise, take by surprise. surprise, _f._ surprise. sursaut, _m._ start, shock; en --, with a start. surtout, _adv._ above all, especially. surveillant, -e, _m., f._ watcher, watchman, guard, guardian. surveiller, _v._ to watch. survenir, _v._ to come on or up unexpectedly. survivant, _m._ survivor. suspect, -e, _adj._ suspicions, suspected (_ct_ pronounced). suspendre, _v._ to suspend, hang. syllabe, _f._ syllable. symbolique, _adj._ symbolic. symétriquement, _adv._ symmetrically. sympathie, _f._ sympathy. sympathiser, _v._ to sympathize. symptôme, _m._ symptom. système, _m._ system.

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