Part 18

=ataúd,= _m._, coffin.

=atemorizado,= daunted, terror-stricken.

=atención,= _f._, attention.

=atender (ie),= to attend, listen, pay attention.

=atenerse,= to adhere, hold to.

=atentado,= offence, transgression.

=atentamente,= attentively.

=atento (á),= attentive (to), bent (upon), watching.

=aterecío = aterecido,= benumbed with cold.

=aterrado,= terrified.

=Atlante,= Atlas, Atlante (_figure of a man used as a column to support an entablature_).

=Atlántico,= Atlantic Ocean.

=atmósfera,= atmosphere, air.

=atolondrado,= stunned, in consternation; thoughtless, confused.

=atolondrarse,= to be stunned.

=atónito,= astonished.

=atracar,= to lie alongside of, moor; =--se,= to stuff oneself (_with food and drink_).

=atraer (á),= to draw, attract (to, toward), bring down (upon).

=atrajo,= _pret. of_ =atraer=.

=atrancar,= to bar.

=atrapar,= to catch, nab.

=atrás,= backwards, behind, back.

=atravesar (ie),= to cross, pass through.

=atreverse (á),= to dare, make bold.

=atrevido,= bold, daring, fearless.

=atribuir,= to attribute, ascribe, charge to.

=atribulado,= afflicted, worried, distressed.

=atrocidad,= _f._, atrocity.

=atrofiar(se),= to waste away.

=atronador, -a,= thundering, deafening.

=atronar (ue),= to make a deafening noise (_like thunder_).

=atroz,= atrocious.

=aturdido,= thoughtless.

=aturdimiento,= perturbation, stupefaction.

=audaz,= fearless, valient.

=auditorio,= audience.

=augusto,= grand, imposing, venerable, sacred.

=aumentar,= to increase.

=aumento,= increase; =seguir en --,= to continue to increase.

=aun= _or_ =aún,= even, yet, still; =ni aun,= not even.

=aunque,= although, even if.

=ausencia,= absence.

=austeridad,= _f._, austerity, severity.

=austero,= stern.

=auto de fe,= _auto de fe_ (_better known by the Portuguese name,_ =auto da fe=: _a ceremony that used to take place in Spain, in which heretics were publicly punished, or even burned, together with their heretical writings_), great fire.

=autómata,= _m._, automaton.

=autor, -a,= author, authoress; =--de mis días,= my father.

=autoridad,= _f._, authority.

=autoritario,= domineering.

=autorizar,= to authorize.

=auxiliar,= auxiliar, assistant.

=auxilio,= aid, assistance.

=avance,= _m._, advance, attack.

=Avangelios = Evangelios=.

=avanzar,= to advance.

=avaro,= miser.

=ave,= _f._, bird; =-- nocturna,= night-bird (_the owl, etc._).

=avecilla= (_dim. of_ =ave=)=,= little bird.

=aventura,= adventure.

=aventurar(se),= to venture.

=avergonzado,= ashamed.

=avergonzar (üe),= to fill with shame, put to shame.

=averiar,= to damage, spoil.

=averiguar,= to ascertain, find out, inquire, pry.

=Averno= (_= Avernus, a lake near Naples, famous for its poisonous vapors and supposed by the ancients to be connected with the infernal regions_), Hades.

=avidez,= _f._, greed; =con --,= eagerly.

=avisar,= to advise, inform, give notice.

=avispa,= wasp.

=avivar,= to enliven, stir up (_as a fire_).

=¡ay!= _interj._ (_expressing grief or pain_), oh! ah! alas!

=ayer,= yesterday; =-- noche,= last night.

=ayudar (á),= to help, assist.

=ayunar,= to fast.

=ayuno,= fasting; _adj._, ignorant.

=ayuntamiento,= city council, municipal government.

=azabache,= _m._, jet.

=azorado,= terrified, trembling, agitated.

=azotar,= to whip, beat.

=azote,= _m._, lash, blow, whip; =que daba --s en cierta parte,= who was spanking.

=azul,= blue; =-- turquí,= dark blue.

=azulado,= blue, bluish.

=azumbre,= _f._, (_a liquid measure = about_) two quarts.

B

=bacalao,= codfish.

=Baco,= Bacchus (_the god of wine_).

=báculo,= staff.

=bachiller,= _m._, bachelor (_one who has obtained a degree in the_ =instituto= _or_ =colegio=); =-- en humanidades,= Bachelor of Arts.

=bagaje,= _m._, baggage; _pl._, baggage (_of an army_).

=bahía,= bay.

=bailar,= to dance.

=baile,= _m._, dance, ball.

=baja,= fall (_of price_).

=bajar,= to descend, cast down, lower; =--se,= to stoop down; =al --,= when going down.

=bajito= (_dim. of_ =bajo=)=,= low, in a low voice, under; small.

=bajo,= low; =por lo --,= in an undertone.

=bala,= ball, bullet.

=balancear(se),= to balance, sway.

=balaustrada,= balustrade.

=balazo,= shot, bullet-wound.

=balcón,= _m._, balcony.

=balconcillo= (_dim._)=,= little balcony.

=Baleares,= Balearic Islands (_east of, and belonging to Spain_).

=balsa,= pool.

=banco,= bench.

=bandada,= swarm, flock.

=bandera,= flag, banner.

=bandido,= bandit.

=bando,= proclamation.

=bandolero,= highwayman.

=banqueta,= stool with three legs.

=bañar,= to bathe.

=báquico,= bacchanalian.

=barajar,= to jumble together, frustrate, ward off.

=barandilla,= balustrade.

=baratijas,= _pl._, trifles, toys.

=barato,= cheap; =meter á --,= to undo, spoil, ruin.

=baraúnda,= confusion, hurly-burly.

=barba,= chin, beard; =-- del maíz,= tassel of Indian corn.

=barbaridad,= _f._, barbarity, foolish act or thing.

=bárbaro,= barbarous.

=barbarote, -a= (_aug. of_ =bárbaro=)=,= great savage.

=barbaruelense,= _m. or f._, inhabitant of Barbaruelo.

=Barbaruelo,= _prop. noun_ (_lit._, little Barbarian).

=barbudo,= with a long beard.

=barca,= boat, bark.

=barco,= bark, ship; =-- de guerra,= man-of-war.

=barítono,= baritone.

=barquilla,= cock-boat, small boat (_used on rivers and near the seacoast_).

=barquillo= (_dim. of_ =barco=)=,= small boat.

=Barquillo,= _prop. noun_.

=barra,= bar, tiller.

=barranco,= ravine.

=barreño,= tub.

=barrer,= to sweep (away).

=barrera,= barrier.

=barriga,= paunch, girth.

=barrio,= quarter, ward, suburb.

=barro,= clay.

=basca,= nausea, disgust, loathsomeness.

=base,= _f._, basis, base.

=bastante,= enough, quite, rather.

=bastar,= to suffice; =¡basta!= that will do! enough!

=basto,= of coarse _or_ inexpensive material.

=bastón,= _m._, cane, walking-stick.

=bastoncillo= (_dim. of_ =bastón=)=,= little cane.

=batalla,= battle.

=batallón,= _m._, batallion.

=batir,= to beat, stir; =-- las palmas,= to clap one's hands.

=batista,= batiste.

=bautismo,= baptism.

=bautizar,= to baptize, christen; mix water with wine.

=bautizo,= baptism, christening.

=bayeta,= flannel.

=bayoneta,= bayonet.

=beato,= blessed, devotee; =beatas y ratas,= women who haunt the church.

=bebedor, -a,= toper.

=beber,= to drink; =y bébelos,= and she spends them for drink.

=bebida,= drink.

=becerro,= calf.

=Becerro,= _prop. noun_.

=Belén,= Bethlehem.

=belleza,= beauty; =Suma Belleza,= highest beauty.

=Bellini,= _prop. noun_ (_an Italian composer_).

=bello,= beautiful.

=bellota,= acorn.

=bendecido,= _p. p. of_ =bendecir=.

=bendecir,= to bless.

=bendición,= _f._, blessing.

=bendiga,= _pr. subj. of_ =bendecir=.

=bendijo,= _pret. of_ =bendecir=.

=bendito,= _irr. p. p. of_ =bendecir=.

=beneficio,= benefit; =en --,= for the benefit.

=benéfico,= kind.

=benevolencia,= benevolence.

=Benito,= Benedict.

=berengena,= egg-plant.

=berlina,= open carriage.

=bermejo,= red.

=bermellón,= vermilion.

=berro,= water-cress.

=berza,= cabbage, kale.

=besar,= to kiss.

=beso,= kiss.

=bestia,= beast, brute, animal.

=bestial,= revolting, disgusting.

=besugo,= seabream _or_ red gilt-head (_a fish common to the Bay of Biscay_).

=biblia,= bible; =-- Sacra,= Holy Bible.

=bíblico,= biblical.

=biblioteca,= library.

=bien,= _m._, goodness, welfare, benefit; =hombre de --,= honest man; _pl._, property, possessions.

=bien,= well, very; =si --,= although, even if; =-- que,= although; =--se lo dije yo,= I was right when I told him.

=bienaventurado,= blessed.

=bienaventuranza,= heavenly bliss.

=bienhechor, -a,= benefactor, benefactress.

=bienquisto= (=-quisto= = _irr. p. p. of_ =querer=)=,= beloved.

=bigote,= _m._, mustache.

=bilis,= _f._, bile.

=billar,= _m._, billiards, billiard-room.

=billete,= _m._, note; =-- de Banco,= bank-note; =-- de lotería,= lottery ticket.

=birlar (á),= to snatch (from), cheat (out of).

=bizarro,= gallant, brave, stately, beautiful.

=bizco,= cross-eyed, squinting.

=bizcocho,= biscuit.

=blanco,= white.

=blandengue,= _m._ (_coll._), easy-going person, "softy."

=blandir,= to brandish.

=blando,= soft.

=blasfemia,= blasphemy.

=blusa,= blouse.

=boca,= mouth; =-- arriba,= (lying) on one's back; =-- calle,= _f._, opening _or_ end of a street.

=boda,= marriage.

=bodega,= wine-cellar, store-room.

=bofetada,= blow (_on the face_), buffet.

=boga,= ox-eyed cackerel (_a fish_).

=boina,= cap (_the flat one worn in the Basque provinces_).

=boldo,= boldu (_peumus boldus, a fragrant, ever-green shrub of Chile_).

=bolina,= bow-line; "=Bolina,=" "Closehauled" (_as a nickname_).

=bolita= (_dim._)=,= small ball.

=bolsa,= purse, bag.

=bolsillo,= pocket.

=bomba,= bomb.

=bonachón, -a= (_aug._)=,= kindly, good-natured.

=bondad,= _f._, kindness.

=bondadoso,= kind.

=bonitamente,= dexterously.

=bonito,= pretty, fine.

=borbotón,= _m._; =á --es,= in torrents, in clouds (_as smoke_).

=borde,= _m._, edge.

=bordo,= side of a ship; =á --,= on board.

=borracho,= drunk; intoxicated person.

=borrachón, -a= (_aug._)=,= drunkard, tippler.

=borrar,= to erase, efface.

=borrasca,= tempest.

=borrascoso,= stormy, wild.

=borrico,= donkey.

=bosque,= _m._, woods.

=bosquejo,= sketch.

=bostezar,= to yawn.

=bota,= boot; =ponerse las --s,= to be enriched.

=bote,= _m._, small boat, yawl.

=botella,= bottle.

=botellita= (_dim._)=,= small bottle.

=botón,= _m._, button; =echar los --es,= to fasten the buttons, sew on buttons.

=bou= (_lit._ ox, _in the Valencian dialect_)=,= _m._; =barcas del --,= fishing-boats that the oxen pull into the water (_when launched by the oxen, these boats set out in pairs, each pair letting out a net_).

=bóveda,= vault.

=bramar,= to groan, roar, cry.

=Braulio,= _proper noun_.

=bravo,= angry, fierce.

=brazo,= arm, clutch; =del --,= on the arm.

=bregar,= to struggle.

=breñal,= _m._, craggy ground overgrown with brambles; =por aquellos --es,= through the thicket.

=breva,= (early) green fig.

=breve,= brief, short.

=bribón, -a,= rascal, impostor; =la muy bribona,= the wretched woman; =¡bribona!= you wretch!

=bribonaza= (_aug._)=,= impudent impostor, great wretch.

=brigada,= brigade; =general de --,= brigadier general.

=brigadier,= _m._, brigade-officer.

=brillante,= bright, shining, brilliant.

=brillar,= to shine.

=brillo,= resplendence, brightness.

=brincar,= to jump, bound.

=brinco,= leap; =dar --s,= to gambol, leap (=por,= over).

=brindar,= to drink a toast, pledge.

=brindis,= _m._, toast.

=brío(s),= manliness, valor, spirit.

=brioso,= spirited.

=brisa,= breeze; =-- marina,= sea-breeze.

=brocado,= brocade.

=brocha,= brush.

=brochazo,= stroke (_of a brush_).

=broma,= jest; =echar á --,= to take as a jest.

=bromista,= _m._, merry fellow; =amigo --,= a mischievous friend.

=bromita= (_dim._)=,= little jest.

=bronce,= _m._, bronze.

=brotar,= to gush, flow; flash.

=bruces; de --,= with the face downward; =estaba de -- sobre,= was looking over.

=bruja,= witch, hag; =¡--!= you hag!

=brujona= (_aug._)=,= horrible old witch; =¡--!= you horrible old witch!

=bruñir,= to burnish.

=bruscamente,= abruptly, hastily, suddenly.

=brusco,= rude, hard, jolting.

=brutalidad,= _f._, brutality, rudeness.

=bruto,= stupid, dull.

=buenaventura,= good luck, prediction of fortune-tellers; =hacer la --,= to tell fortune.

=buen(o),= good, well, very well; =hacer --,= to prove; =-- es para,= he is not the one to.

=Buenos Aires,= Buenos Ayres (_the capital of the Argentine Republic in South America_).

=buey,= _m._, ox.

=bueyecito= (_dim._)=,= little ox.

=buffet= (_French_)=,= _m._, refreshment-table.

=buhardilla,= garret.

=buhardillón= (_aug._)=,= garret-room.

=bula,= papal bull (_permission_).

=bulto,= package, parcel, mass.

=bulla,= shouting, noise, merriment.

=bullanga,= concert, noise.

=bullir,= to boil, bustle.

=buñuelo,= fritter (_filled with fruit or jelly_).

=Burdeos,= Bordeaux (_a city in France, famous for its wine_).

=burlar,= to mock, laugh (at).

=burlonamente,= mockingly.

=burro,= donkey.

=busca,= search; =en su --,= in search of him (her, them, you).

=buscar,= to look for, seek; =ir á --,= to go for.

=Bustillo; Eduardo --,= _prop. noun_ (_Spanish poet, author of Las cuatro estaciones, El libro azul [1879], Romancero de la guerra de África, El ciego de Buenavista [1888], et al._).

C

=caballerito= (_dim._)=,= little gentleman.

=caballero,= gentleman, horseman, rider; =-- (en),= mounted (on).

=caballete,= _m._, horse (_stand for saddles, etc._).

=caballo,= horse; =á --,= on horse-back, to horse.

=cabecear,= to nod; toss the head (_said of horses_).

=cabecera,= head, end.

=cabecita= (_dim. of_ =cabeza=)=,= little head.

=cabellera,= long hair, growth of hair.

=cabello,= hair; =tiene los --s,= her hair is.

=caber,= to hold, contain, be contained; =no me cabe duda,= there is no doubt; =ya no me cupo duda,= I no longer doubted; =le cupo en suerte,= it fell to her lot; =no cabía en sí,= was beside himself.

=cabeza,= head; =con la -- baja,= with bowed head; =estaba de --sobre,= was leaning over.

=cabezudense,= inhabitant of =Cabezudo=.

=Cabezudo,= _prop. noun_ (_lit._, big-headed, obstinate).

=cabildo,= chapter (_of a cathedral_), parish; =-- de arriba=, upper parish; =-- de abajo=, lower parish.

=cabizbajo= (== cabeza + bajo=)=,= pensive, crest-fallen, with bowed head.

=cabo,= end; corporal; rope; =al --,= finally; =al -- de,= after; =llevar á --,= _see_ =llevar=.

=cabra,= goat.

=cabreriza,= goat-herd's hut.

=cacha,= handle (_of a knife_).

=cacoquimio,= pale and wan, cacochymic (_having the fluids of the blood destroyed_).

=cada,= each; =-- vez más,= more and more; =á -- instante,= every moment; =-- cual=, each one.

=cadáver=, _m._, corpse, body.

=cadena,= chain, succession.

=cadete,= _m._, cadet (_of military or naval academy_), young officer.

=Cádiz,= _prop. noun_ (_the city of Cadiz, with about 70,000 inhabitants, is picturesquely situated on a low lime-stone rock, which is almost surrounded by the sea when the tide is high. It is connected with the Isla de León by a low, narrow isthmus of sand and rock. Cadiz is a beautiful city, and an important seaport_).

=caer,= to fall, sink; =--se,= to fall; =dejar -- (encima),= to drop (on); =al -- la tarde,= late in the afternoon; =-- redondo,= to fall in a heap; =-- á cántaros,= to rain in torrents, pour (_lit._, to fall in pitchersfull); =caído de fuerzas,= with failing strength; =¡ya caigo!= I understand.

=cafetera,= coffee-pot; _coll._, drunkenness.

=cáfila,= caravan.

=caigo,= _pr. ind. of_ caer.

=caja,= box, coffin, case.

=cajita,= small box.

=cal,= _f._, lime.

=cala,= hold (_of a ship_).

=calafate,= _m._, calker.

=calaña,= quality, character.

=calcetín,= _m._, sock.

=cálculo,= calculation, computation.

=caldera,= boiler.

=calderetería,= tinker's wares.

=caldo,= broth, gravy.

=calentar (ie),= to warm, heat; =--se la mollera= _or_ =el caletre,= to rack one's brain.

=caletre,= _m._, judgment, understanding; (_fig._) head.

=calibre,= _m._, caliber, kind.

=calidad,= _f._, quality.

=caliente,= hot, warm.

=caliginoso,= dark, murky.

=calma,= calmness.

=calmante,= _m._, sedative.

=calmar,= to calm, comfort; =--se,= to become calm.

=calor,= _m._, heat, warmth.

=calumniar,= to slander.

=caluroso,= hot, heated.

=calvo,= bald(headed).

=calzado,= fastened, secured; shod.

=calzón= (_generally_ =--es=)=,= breeches; =-- corto,= knee-breeches.

=callado,= silent, reserved.

=callar,= to be silent, pass over in silence, conceal; =y como si callara,= and all in vain.

=calle,= _f._, street; =-- de las Infantas,= _prop. noun_ (_a street in Madrid_); =estas --s de Dios,= these (blessed) streets; =esas --s,= the streets; =-- Alta,= High-street.

=callealtero,= one who lives on the =Calle Alta= (_in_ =La leva=).

=cama,= bed.

=camarada,= _m._, comrade, friend.

=camarilla,= clique, faction.

=cambalache,= _m._, barter.

=cambiante,= _m._, iridescence, play of color.

=cambiar (de),= to change, exchange.

=cambio,= change, exchange; =en --,= on the other hand; in exchange.

=camello,= camel.

=Camila,= Camilla.

=caminante,= _m. or f._, traveler.

=caminar,= to walk, go; =-- la vuelta (de),= to walk back (to); =caminaban subiendo á saltos,= came bounding up.

=caminito,= path, walk.

=camino,= road, way; =-- real,= highway; =ir -- del cielo,= to start on the road to heaven.

=camisa,= shirt, chemise, night-gown.

=camiseta,= under-shirt, blouse.

=campamento,= camp.

=campana,= bell; =-- gorda,= great bell (_e. g., in the Cathedral of Toledo_).

=campanario,= bell-tower, belfry.

=campanero,= bell-ringer, sexton.

=campanilla= (_dim._)=,= (little) bell.

=campaña,= campaign; =-- de rey,= term of enlistment in the king's service.

=campeón,= _m._, champion, defender.

=campesino,= peasant.

=campiña,= surrounding country, field.

=campo,= country, field; _pl._, fields, country _or_ rural districts.

=cana,= gray hair.

=canal,= _m._, _see_ =abrir=.

=canalla,= _f._, mob, rabble; _m._, scoundrel, despicable fellow.

=canapé,= _m._, couch, settee.

=¡canario!= zounds! gracious!

=canción,= _f._, song.

=candela,= candle.

=candelabro,= chandelier.

=candente,= incandescent, red-hot.

=Cándido,= _prop. noun_.

=cándido,= candid, simple, foolish.

=candileja,= little lamp, light, candle.

=candor,= _m._, simplicity.

=candoroso,= simple, honest.

=canela,= cinnamon.

=canino,= canine, of a dog.

=canjilón,= _m._, jar.

=cano,= gray-haired, gray.

=canoa,= chest (_made of wood; formerly used for keeping provisions_).

=canónico; horas --as,= canonical hours (_offices of prayer and devotion that are given at certain fixed hours_).

=canónigo,= canon, prebendary.

=canonizar,= to canonize, consecrate.

=cansado,= tired, weary.

=cansancio,= weariness, fatigue.

=cansarse,= to grow tired.

=Cantabria,= _prop. noun_ (_the region lying along the northern coast of Spain_); =mar de --,= Bay of Biscay.

=cantador, -a,= singer.

=cantante,= singing; =llevar la voz --,= to sing the leading part, take the lead in the conversation.

=cantar,= _m._, song.

=cantar,= to sing, give (_of an opera_); confess.

=cante; dar el --,= to inform against.

=cantera,= quarry.

=cantidad,= _f._, quantity, amount, number; =--es iguales,= the same thing.

=canto,= song, air.

=canto,= stone; =darse con el -- en los pechos,= to be happy.

=cantor, -a,= singer.

=canturriar,= to hum.

=caña,= reed, cane, sugar-cane; (= =aguardiente de --=) rum.

=caño,= pipe; stream, spout.

=cañón,= _m._, cannon, gun, tube; =--de chimenea,= funnel, flue (_of a chimney_).

=cañonazo,= cannon-shot.

=cañonero,= gun-boat.

=caoba,= mahogany.

=capa,= cloak, mantle; =con --,= under the cloak.

=capataz,= _m._, overseer, foreman.

=capaz,= capable, able.

=capilla,= chapel; =-- mayor,= main chapel (_where the high altar is_).

=capital,= _m._, capital, money; _f._, capital city.

=capitán,= _m._, captain; =-- general,= captain general (_the commanding military officer of a district, an army or a fleet_); =el gran --= = Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba [1453-1515] (_Spanish general who won fame in wars against Italy and the Moors_).

=capitanía; -- general,= captaincy general _or_ headquarters of the captain general.

=capitular,= to surrender (_as a fortress_).

=capítulo,= chapter; =celebrar --,= to hold a meeting of the prelates of a religious order.

=capón,= _m._, capon.

=capote,= _m._, cloak, great-coat.

=capotón,= _m._ (_aug. of_ =capote=), large cloak.

=capricho,= whim, caprice.

=cara,= face, courage; =-- á --,= face to face; =mala -- tenía,= there was an evil look on his face; =poner --,= to make a face.

=carabina,= carbine, short rifle; =la -- de Ambrosio,= a useless thing, a good-for-nothing.

=carabinero,= customs-guard, coast-guard.

=carácter,= _m._, character, determination.

=característico,= characteristic, distinctive.

=caracterizar,= to characterize.

=caramba con,= bother.

=caramelo,= caramel; =palabras de --,= honeyed words.

=carátula,= mask, mask-like face.

=carbón,= _m._, charcoal, coal.

=carcajada,= laughter; =-- de burla,= burst of mocking laughter.

=cárcel,= _f._, prison, jail.

=carecer (de),= to lack.

=carey,= _m._, tortoise-shell.

=carga,= burden, tax, charge.

=cargado,= loaded, covered with heavy clouds (_as the sky_).

=cargamento,= cargo.

=cargar,= to load, burden; =-- con alguno,= to take charge of ("make off" with) some one.

=cargo,= burden; =hacerse --,= _see_ hacer.

=carguita= (_dim. of_ =carga=), little load.

=caridad,= _f._, charity.

=cariño,= affection, fondness, kindliness; endearing expression; =tener -- (á),= to be fond (of).

=cariñosamente,= fondly, kindly.

=cariñoso,= affectionate.

=carita,= little face.

=caritativo,= charitable.

=carlanco,= bugaboo.

=Carlos,= Charles; =-- Quinto,= Charles V (_of the Holy Roman Empire [1500-1558], the monarch who could rightfully say that the sun did not set in his realm, because his empire extended around the earth. From his father, Philip, he inherited the Netherlands and a part of the Austrian States, and from Ferdinand and Isabella, his grandparents, he inherited the United Spanish monarchy together with its Italian possessions and the newly-discovered lands of America. In 1519 he was elected emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. During his reign Spain was the largest empire that the world had seen. Charles V despoiled Spain in order to have money and men for his interminable wars with other powers, and he left Spain exhausted. He abdicated the throne in 1556 and retired to the monastery of Yuste_).

=carnaza,= mass of flesh.

=carne,= _f._, meat, flesh; =de -- y hueso,= of flesh and blood; =metida en --s,= plump.

=carnero,= mutton; =no hay tales --s,= there is no such thing.

=caro,= dear.

=carrera,= running, race; career, course; =concluir --,= to complete one's course of study; =á -- larga nadie escapa,= patience and perseverance will accomplish wonders.

=carreta,= cart.

=carretela,= carriage, calash.

=carrillo,= pulley.

=carruaje,= _m._, carriage.

=carta,= letter.

=Cartagena,= _prop. noun_ (_town on south-east coast of Spain; 40,000 inhabitants_).

=cartera,= pocket-book, note-book.

=carteta,= game at cards.

=cartilla,= catechism, manual.

=cartón,= _m._, paste-board.

=casa,= house, home; =á --,= home; =en -- de,= in the home of.

=casaca,= coat.

=casado,= married; married man.

=casarse,= to get married; =-- con,= to marry.

=cascabel,= _m._, bell; =echar el -- al gato,= to bell the cat, _or fig._, to put the plan into effect.

=cáscara,= shell.

=casco,= skull, helmet; hoof; hull (_of a ship_); fragment.

=casero,= domestic, homely; =convite --,= family party.

=caserón= (_aug. of_ =casa=), edifice, large house.

=casi,= almost, nearly.

=casilla= (_dim. of_ =casa=), pigeon-hole; =sacar de sus --s,= to irritate, vex.

=casino,= club.

=casita= (_dim._), little house, cottage.

=caso,= case, circumstance, occasion; =hacer --,= to take notice of, heed, mind; =vengamos al --,= let us come to the point; =el -- es,= the fact is; =no se ha de hacer --,= no attention will be paid.

=casta,= race, family; =de mala --,= from too bad a family; =eso es de --,= it is in your blood.

=castañera,= chestnut woman.

=castaño,= chestnut; _adj._ (chestnut) brown.

=Castelar; Emilio --= (_1832-99; a Spanish republican leader and famous orator_).

=castellano,= Castilian; =-- viejo,= old-fashioned Castilian.

=castidad,= _f._, chastity.

=castigado,= culprit.

=castigar,= to punish, chastise.

=castigo,= punishment.

=Castilla,= Castile (_a former kingdom of north-central Spain, now known as Old Castile [=Castilla la Vieja=], immediately to the south lies New Castile [=Castilla la Nueva=], which was conquered from the Moors in 1085 by Alfonso the Valiant, king of Castile and Leon. Both Toledo and Madrid are in New Castile_); =de --,= Castilian.

=castillo,= castle, fort.

=casto,= chaste.

=casualidad,= _f._, chance; =daba la -- de que,= chance ordained it that.

=casuca,= hovel.

=casucho= (_depr._), miserable dwelling.