CHAPTER XXV.

CHARACTER OF THE MASSACRES.

Massacres at Sivas, Cesarea, Birejik, Bitlis, and the Region of Mardin--Protection by the Turkish Government for the Jacobites--General Survey--Place and Time of the Massacres--Victims Exclusively Armenians--Effort to Destroy the Strength of the Nation--Motive--Responsibility of the Turkish Government and of the Sultan 464