Armenian question
Accurate Statements as to Population Impossible--No Census--Best Available Estimates--Distribution--Most of the Races Described in Other Chapters--Jews and Foreigners--General Characteristics--The Languages--How Distributed--Peculiarities of the Turkish--Number Spoken in the S...
Accurate Statements as to Population Impossible--No Census--Best Available Estimates--Distribution--Most of the Races Described in Other Chapters--Jews and Foreigners--General C...
2. CHAPTER III.3. CHAPTER IV.4. CHAPTER V.5. CHAPTER VI.Their Origin--Early History--First Nation to Accept Christianity--Dispersion Under Oppression--Change from Agricultural to Commercial People--General Characteristics; Loyalty to...
6. CHAPTER VII.7. CHAPTER VIII.The Syrian Church Divided into Syrians, Chaldeans, Nestorians, Jacobites, and some Roman Catholic Bodies--The Jacobites--Patriarch of Antioch--Condition of Villagers--Jebel Tur...
8. CHAPTER IX.Capture of Constantinople--Victories of Mohammed II--The Sultans Assume the Caliphate--Reign of Suleiman the Magnificent--Attack upon Venice--Constant Strife over the Danubian P...
9. CHAPTER X.First Intercourse--Alliance between Francis I and Suleiman the Magnificent--Intrigues between France and Austria--The First Treaty--Nature of Capitulations--Peculiar Favors Gran...
10. CHAPTER XI.Aggression of Peter the Great--Diminution and Renewal of French Influence--The Contest over the Holy Places--Victory of Russian Influence in Favor of the Greek Church--Russia’s...
11. CHAPTER XII.12. CHAPTER XIII.Reign of Abd-ul-Medjid--Influence of Lord Stratford de Redcliffe--English Policy in Turkey--Hatti Sherif of Gulhané--A Remarkable Document--Equal Rights for All Subjects of the...
13. CHAPTER XIV.14. CHAPTER XV.15. CHAPTER XVI.16. CHAPTER XVII.Early History--Opposition of Ecclesiastics in the Oriental Churches--Attitude of the Turkish Government--Work Among Moslems--Development of Education--Societies at Work--The Ame...
17. CHAPTER XVIII.A Progressive Grand Vizier--Victory of the Reactionary Party--Egypt and the Mahdi--Rise of the Armenian Question--Russian Intrigue--Articles of the Berlin Treaty--Autonomy Desir...
18. CHAPTER XIX.19. CHAPTER XX.20. CHAPTER XXI.Investigation at Sassun--Mr. Gladstone on the Situation--Disturbances in Constantinople--Joint Notes by the Embassies--Plan of Reforms--New English Government--Massacre in Const...
21. CHAPTER XXII.Importance and General Prosperity of Both Cities--Threats by the Turks--Terror Among the Armenians--Suddenness of the Attacks--Murder and Pillage by Regular Soldiers, Under the...
22. CHAPTER XXIII.23. CHAPTER XXIV.The Situation in Northern Syria--No Revolutionary Movement--Massacre at Aintab--Kurdish Women--A Turkish Captain Helps the Pillage--A Colonel Checks it--Caring for the Wounded--...
24. CHAPTER XXV.Massacres at Sivas, Cesarea, Birejik, Bitlis, and the Region of Mardin--Protection by the Turkish Government for the Jacobites--General Survey--Place and Time of the Massacres--...
25. CHAPTER XXVI.Motive of the Massacres--Primarily Political, then Religious--The Religious Element Overpowering the Political--Dread of Christian Domination--False Statements by the Turkish Go...
26. CHAPTER XXVII.The General Situation--Absolute Destitution--Appeals to America and England--Work in the Sassun Region--Van and Dr. Kimball--Appeals Following the Greater Massacres--Clara Barto...
27. CHAPTER XXVIII.Factors in the Problem--Turkey and Europe--Topography of the Country--Distribution of Population--Countries Interested--Russia, England, France, Austria, Italy, Germany, Greece,...
28. CHAPTER XXIX.29. CHAPTER XXX.Statistics of Massacre and Pillage--Where Does the Responsibility Rest?--The Turks; Fear, Ferocity, Outrage--The Armenians; Ambition, Lack of Preparation, Unwisdom of Huntchagis...
30. CHAPTER I.The Turkish Empire at the beginning of 1896 included: in Europe, Albania, Macedonia, and the southeastern portion of the Balkan Peninsula; in Asia, Asia Minor, Eastern Turkey or...
31. CHAPTER II.Any accurate statement as to the population of the Turkish Empire it is impossible to make. There have been various attempts at a census, but they have amounted to little or not...
32. CHAPTER III.The religions of Turkey are in general two--Mohammedanism and Christianity. The semi-pagan forms of faith held by the Nusairiyeh, Yezidis and Druzes are spoken of in another cha...
33. CHAPTER IV.The term Turk is a somewhat indefinite one. In general it applies to any or all of the different tribes originating east of the Caspian, and who have spread in varying degrees n...
34. CHAPTER V.The passion for legend is illustrated in no better way than in the statements as to the origin of the oriental races. Even the wildest tribes share in this, and there have come...
35. CHAPTER VI.Their Origin--Early History--First Nation to Accept Christianity--Dispersion Under Oppression--Change from Agricultural to Commercial People--General Characteristics; Loyalty to...
36. CHAPTER VII.Too much honor cannot be paid to those Christians of the East, whatever their church connection, who have adhered unswervingly to their faith. The endurance of the Covenanters a...
37. CHAPTER VIII.The Syrian Church Divided into Syrians, Chaldeans, Nestorians, Jacobites, and some Roman Catholic Bodies--The Jacobites--Patriarch of Antioch--Condition of Villagers--Jebel Tur...
38. CHAPTER IX.Capture of Constantinople--Victories of Mohammed II--The Sultans Assume the Caliphate--Reign of Suleiman the Magnificent--Attack upon Venice--Constant Strife over the Danubian P...
39. CHAPTER X.First Intercourse--Alliance between Francis I and Suleiman the Magnificent--Intrigues between France and Austria--The First Treaty--Nature of Capitulations--Peculiar Favors Gran...
40. CHAPTER XI.Aggression of Peter the Great--Diminution and Renewal of French Influence--The Contest over the Holy Places--Victory of Russian Influence in Favor of the Greek Church--Russia’s...
41. CHAPTER XII.“The state of Turkey itself was anything but satisfactory in view of those powers who did not wish the Porte to become the prey either of Russia or of France. Both morally and m...
42. CHAPTER XIII.Reign of Abd-ul-Medjid--Influence of Lord Stratford de Redcliffe--English Policy in Turkey--Haiti Sherif of Gulhané--A Remarkable Document--Equal Rights for all Subjects of the...
43. CHAPTER XIV.The success of Lord Stratford in establishing reforms in Turkey, and more than that in securing the cordial endorsement of the Sultan and of Reshid Pasha, occasioned great uneas...
44. CHAPTER XV.Up to the time of the capture of Constantinople, the relations of the Moslem Sultans to the Christians were simply those of tyrants, who collected what they could and recognized...
45. CHAPTER XVI.There can be no proper understanding of the situation in Turkey without a knowledge of the peculiar character of the Turkish Government. That government is in reality dual in fo...
46. CHAPTER XVII.Early History--Opposition of Ecclesiastics in the Oriental Churches--Attitude of the Turkish Government--Work Among Moslems--Development of Education--Societies at Work--The Ame...
47. CHAPTER XVIII.A Progressive Grand Vizier--Victory of the Reactionary Party--Egypt and the Mahdi--Rise of the Armenian Question--Russian Intrigue--Articles of the Berlin Treaty--Autonomy Desir...
48. CHAPTER XIX.The situation in the summer of 1894 throughout the empire was one bordering on anarchy. From every section of the country came word of the most atrocious treatment by the Turkis...
49. CHAPTER XX.In view of the situation set forth in the preceding chapter the European powers emphasized more earnestly than before their demand for reforms, and the Turkish Government became...
50. CHAPTER XXI.Investigation at Sassun--Mr. Gladstone on the Situation--Disturbances in Constantinople--Joint Notes by the Embassies--Plan of Reforms--New English Government--Massacre in Const...
51. CHAPTER XXII.Importance and General Prosperity of Both Cities--Threats by the Turks--Terror Among the Armenians--Suddenness of the Attacks--Murder and Pillage by Regular Soldiers, Under the...
52. CHAPTER XXIII.The city of Harput stands on a hill in a plain to the east of the Euphrates. It is a city of 30,000 inhabitants, of whom less than one-half are Armenians, the others being Turks...
53. CHAPTER XXIV.The Situation in Northern Syria--No Revolutionary Movement--Massacre at Aintab--Kurdish Women--A Turkish Captain Helps the Pillage--A Colonel Checks it--Caring for the Wounded--...
54. CHAPTER XXV.Massacres at Sivas, Cesarea, Birejik, Bitlis, and the Region of Mardin--Protection by the Turkish Government for the Jacobites--General Survey--Place and Time of the Massacres--...
55. CHAPTER XXVI.Motive of the Massacres--Primarily Political, then Religious--The Religious Element Overpowering the Political--Dread of Christian Domination--False Statements by the Turkish Go...
56. CHAPTER XXVII.The General Situation--Absolute Destitution--Appeals to America and England--Work in the Sassun Region--Van and Dr. Kimball--Appeals following the Greater Massacres--Clara Barto...
57. CHAPTER XXVIII.Factors in the Problem--Turkey and Europe--Topography of the Country--Distribution of Population--Countries Interested--Russia, England, France, Austria, Italy, Germany, Greece,...
58. CHAPTER XXIX.The question will naturally arise, What are America’s relations to the general situation in Turkey? So far as benevolent, religious and philanthropic works are concerned, they a...
59. CHAPTER XXX.Statistics of Massacre and Pillage--Where Does the Responsibility Rest?--The Turks; Fear, Ferocity, Outrage--The Armenians; Ambition, Lack of Preparation, Unwisdom of Huntchagis...