Travels in Peru and India While Superintending the Collection of Chinchona Plants and Seeds in South America, and Their Introduction into India.

The complete success which has attended the cultivation of chinchona-plants in the Neilgherry hills, encourages the hope that similar happy results will follow their introductio...

ON the morning of April 27th we crossed a rude bridge over the Huari-huari, and began to make our way up the face of the steep mountain on the other side, first through a thick...

Seegoor ghaut--Sandal-wood--Mysore--Seringapatam--Hoonsoor--The tannery--Fraserpett--Mercara--The fort--The Rajahs of Coorg--The Coorgs--Origin of the river Cauvery--Coorg--Clim...

IN previous chapters detailed accounts have been given of the proceedings connected with the collection of chinchona plants and seeds in South America, their conveyance to India...

AFTER a sojourn of a few days at Lima we took a final farewell of the land of the Incas, on June 29th, 1860. As we steamed along the coast, in sight of the emerald-green valleys...

Arrive at Madura--Peopling of India--The Dravidian race--Brahmin colonists in Southern India--Foundation of Madura--Pandyan dynasty--Tamil literature--Aghastya--Naik dynasty--Th...

THE districts best adapted for the cultivation of chinchona-plants are those in the southern part of the peninsula, at suitable elevations, which receive moisture from both mons...

THE region around Loxa, on the southern frontier of the modern republic of Ecuador, is the original home of the Chinchona, and nearly in the centre of its latitudinal range of g...

THE basin of lake Titicaca is bounded on the north by the mountains of Vilcañota, which unite the maritime cordillera with the Eastern Andes, and the river of Vilcamayu rises in...

THE Neilgherry[399] hills, between latitude 11° 10' and 11° 32' N., and longitude 76° 59' and 77° 31' E., form the most elevated mountain mass in India, south of the Himalayas;...

WHILE the events occurred in the valley of Vilcamayu which ended in the capture of the Inca Tupac Amaru and his family, the whole of the Collao was in a state of insurrection, a...

ON April 7th we left Puno on the road to the chinchona forests of Caravaya. There are three modes of travelling in Peru: one by purchasing all the required mules and employing s...

IN the region of the cordillera of the Andes, in Northern and Central Peru, the country is broken up into deep warm valleys and profound ravines, separated by lofty precipitous...

THE port of Islay is the commercial outlet of the departments of Arequipa, Cuzco, and Puno, in Southern Peru; and thus a small town, dating from about 1830,[118] has risen up on...

The Countess of Chinchon--Introduction of the use of bark into Europe--M. La Condamine's first description of a _Chinchona_-tree--J. de Jussieu--Description of the Chinchona reg...

Mr. Spruce's expedition to procure plants and seeds of the "red bark" or _C. succirubra_--Mr. Pritchett in the Huanuco region, and the "grey barks"--Mr. Cross's proceedings at L...

IN the end of November I set out from Ootacamund, by way of the Coonoor ghaut and Coimbatore, with the intention of examining the suitability of the Pulney hills in Madura for c...

HE who would desire to receive the most pleasant impression of India, on a first arrival, must follow in the wake of Vasco de Gama, and land on the coast of Malabar, the garden...

THE Peruvian province of Caravaya is drained by streams which form part of the system of one of the largest and least known of the tributaries of the Amazon--the river Purus.

On the 18th of April I left Crucero, on my way to the chinchona forests, rather late in the afternoon, accompanied by Mr. Weir the gardener, a young mestizo named Pablo Sevallos...

IN reviewing the deplorable results of Spanish domination in South America, it may at once be conceded that the legislation which originated from the councils of the kings of Ca...

THE collection of bark in the South American forests was conducted from the first with reckless extravagance; no attempt worthy the name has ever been made either with a view to...

ON May 11th Mr. Weir completed the packing of the plants, and we were preparing for the journey up into the _pajonales_ on the following day, having previously fixed on the _Cal...

IN selecting sites for chinchona plantations in the Neilgherry hills we had to compare the climate and other conditions of growth which prevail in the chinchona forests and open...

THE region which is drained by rivers flowing from the maritime cordillera and the eastern range of the Andes into lake Titicaca consists of elevated plateaux, seldom less than...

Transmission of dried specimens--Voyages of plants in Wardian cases--Arrival of plants and seeds in India--Depôt at Kew--Treatment of plants in Wardian cases--Effects of introdu...

THE distribution of valuable products of the vegetable kingdom amongst the nations of the earth--their introduction from countries where they are indigenous into distant lands w...

THE coca-leaf is the great source of comfort and enjoyment to the Peruvian Indian; it is to him what betel is to the Hindoo, kava to the South Sea Islander, and tobacco to the r...

THE range of my observations in the chinchona-forests extended for a distance of forty miles along the western side of the ravine of Tambopata, and one day's journey on the east...

The total number of plants permanently placed out in the plantations, on August 31st, 1862, was 13,700, and, although only recently transplanted, they are in a very promising co...

Transmission of dried specimens--Voyages of plants in Wardian cases --Arrival of plants and seeds in India--Depôt at Kew--Treatment of plants in Wardian cases--Effects of introd...

Arrive at Madura--Peopling of India--The Dravidian race--Brahmin colonists in Southern India--Foundation of Madura--Pandyan dynasty --Tamil literature--Aghastya--Naik dynasty--T...

Seegoor ghaut--Sandal-wood--Mysore--Seringapatam--Hoonsoor--The tannery--Fraserpett--Mercara--The fort--The Rajahs of Coorg--The Coorgs--Origin of the river Cauvery--Coorg--Clim...

Journey from Bombay to Malcolm-penth--The Mahabaleshwur hills--The village and its temples--Elevation of the hills--Formation--Soil --Climate--Vegetation--Sites for chinchona-pl...

The Countess of Chinchon--Introduction of the use of bark into Europe--M. La Condamine's first description of a _chinchona_-tree--J. de Jussieu--Description of the chinchona reg...

Mr. Spruce's expedition to procure plants and seeds of the "red bark," or _C. succirubra_--Mr. Pritchett in the Huanuco region, and the "grey barks"--Mr. Cross's proceedings at...

Calicut--Houses and gardens--Population of Malabar--Namburi Brahmins --Nairs--Tiars--Slaves--Moplahs--Assessment of rice-fields, of gardens, of dry crops--Other taxes--Voyage up...