Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.

Part 60

Chapter 603,222 wordsPublic domain

DIF´FLUENT (_diffluen(t-)s_, ppr. of _diffluere_, < _dis_, away, apart, + _fluere_, flow), readily dissolving.

DIF´FORM, DIFFORMED´ (_deformis_, deformed), irregular in form, not uniform.

DIFFUSE´ (_diffusus_, pp. of _diffundere_, pour in different directions, pour out, < _dis_, away, + _fundere_, flow), spreading widely, loosely and irregularly.

DIG´ITATE (_digitatus_, having fingers or toes, < _digitus_, finger), furnished with fingers; dividing like the fingers of the hand.

DILA´TED (_dilatare_, spread out; extend), expanded; enlarged.

DIMID´IATE (_dimidiatus_, < _dimidiare_, halve), halved; _e. g._ of gills which reach halfway to the stem; also of pileus when it is semi-circular in outline or nearly so; as many Polyporei.

DIMOR´PHIC, DIMOR´PHOUS (_dimorphus_, having two forms), existing in two distinct forms.

DIMOR´PHISM (_dimorphus_, having two forms), the property of existing under two distinct forms.

DISC, DISK (_discus_, a disk, trencher), (a) any flat circular disk-like growth; (b) the central portion of the upper surface of a pileus; the cup-shaped or otherwise variously shaped hymenial surface of a Discomycete.

DIS´CIFORM, DIS´COID, DIS´COIDAL (_discoides_, disk-shaped), of a circular, flat form; disk-shaped.

DIS´COCARP (_Gr_—a disk, + _Gr_—fruit), ascocarp in which the hymenium or disk lies exposed while the asci are maturing as in Peziza, Morchella, etc.

DISCOMYCE´TES (_Gr_—a disk, + _Gr_—fungus), a group of ascomycetous fungi in which the hymenium is exposed; the fruiting body is cupular, discoid or clavate, and sometimes convoluted.

DISCRETE´ (_discretus_, distinguished, separated), distinct, not coalescent.

DISSEC´TED (_dissectus_, pp. of _dissecare_, cut asunder, < _dis_, asunder, + _secare_, cut), cut deeply into many lobes or divisions.

DISSEP´IMENTS (_dissepimentum_, a partition) dividing walls; partitions.

DIS´TAL (_dist(ance)_ + al), pertaining to the apex or outer extremity.

DIS´TANT, (_distans_, ppr. _distare_, stand apart), far apart; of gills which have a wide distance between them.

DIS´TICHOUS (_Gr_—having two rows), disposed in two rows.

DIVAR´ICATE (_divaricatus_, pp. _divaricare_, spread asunder), separating at an obtuse angle; diverging widely.

DOR´SAL (_dorsalis_, < _dorsum_, the back), pertaining to the back, literally on the upper side.

DOWN, fine, soft pubescence.

E or EX-, prefix signifying “destitute of,” “outside of,” or “away from.”

EBE´NEOUS (_ebeneus_, of ebony, < _ebenus_, ebony), black like ebony.

EBUR´NEOUS (_eburneus_, of ivory, < _ebur_, ivory), ivory-white.

ECCEN´TRIC (_Gr_—out of the center), excentric.

ECH´INATE (_echinatus_, set with bristles, prickly), furnished with stiff bristles.

ECHIN´ULATE (_echinulus_, dim. of _echinus_, a hedgehog), beset with short bristles.

ECTO- (_Gr_—without, outside), prefix signifying “outside.”

ECTOBASID´IA (_Gr_—outside, + basidium), basidia placed on an exposed surface; not enclosed.

EDEN´TATE (_edentatus_, toothless, pp. of _edentare_, render toothless), without teeth.

EFFUSED´ (_effusus_, pp. _effundere_, pour out), spread over without regular form.

EFFU´SO-REFLEXED´, effused with upper margin reflected forming a pileus.

EGG (_ovum_, an egg), a young plant before rupture of the volva in Phalloids, Amanitas, etc.

EGUTT´ULATE, not containing guttulæ.

ELLIP´SOID (_Gr_—ellipse, + _Gr_—form), a solid figure all plane, sections of which are ellipses or circles.

ELLIPSOI´DAL, shaped like an ellipsoid.

ELLIP´TIC, ELLIP´TICAL (_Gr_—ellipse), elongate-ovate; more than twice as long as broad; parallel-sided in the middle and rounded at both ends.

EMAR´GINATE (_emarginatus_, pp. _emarginare_, < _e_, out of; _margo_, the margin), notched at the end; of gills with a sudden scoop, as if scooped out at the point of attachment to the stem.

EMBOSSED´, in botany projecting in the center like the boss or umbo of a round shield.

EM´BRYO, the mushroom before leaving its volva, also an early stage of mushrooms which have no volva.

ENCRUST´ING (_incrustare_, cover with a rind or crust, < _in_, on, + _crusta_, a crust).

ENDEM´IC (_Gr_—native), peculiar to and characteristic of a locality or region; indigenous in some region and not elsewhere.

ENDO-, ENTO- (_Gr_—“in,” “within”), prefix signifying “within,” “inside.”

ENDOBASID´IA (_Gr_—within, + basidium), basidia enclosed in a dehiscent or indehiscent conceptacle.

ENDOCAU´LOUS (_Gr_—within, + _caulis_, a stalk), growing in the substance of herbaceous stems.

EN´DOGEN (_Gr_—within, + producing). See MONOCOTYLEDON.

ENDOG´ENOUS (_Gr_—within, + _Gr_—producing, + ous), produced within another body; of or pertaining to the class of endogens.

ENDOPERID´IUM (_Gr_—within, + peridium), inner layer of the peridium.

EN´DOPHYTE (_Gr_—within, + a plant), a plant growing within an animal or another plant, usually as a parasite; entophyte.

EN´DOSPORE, ENDOSPO´RIUM (_Gr_—within, + _Gr_—seed), (a) the inner coat of a spore; (b) spore which is produced within a sporangium or spore-sac as the ascospores.

EN´SIFORM (_ensis_, a sword, + _forma_, shape), sword-shaped.

ENTIRE´ (_integer_, < _integrum_, whole), the edge quite devoid of serrature or notch; continuous.

ENTOMOG´ENOUS (_Gr_—an insect, + produced), growing upon or in insects.

ENTOMOPH´YTOUS (_Gr_—within, + grow), growing upon or in insects.

EN´TOPHYTE, endophyte.

EPIDER´MIS (_Gr_—the outer skin), the external or outer layer of the plant.

EPIG´ENOUS (_Gr_—growing after or late), growing upon the surface of a part; often limited to growth upon the upper surface, in distinction from hypogenous.

EPIGÆ´OUS, EPIGE´OUS (_Gr_—on or of the earth; on the ground), growing on or in the ground.

EP´IPHRAGM (_Gr_—a covering; lid), a delicate membrane closing the cup-like receptacle of the Nidulariaceæ.

EP´IPHYTAL, EPIPHYT´IC, EPIPHYT´ICAL (_Gr_—upon, + a plant), of the nature of an epiphyte.

EP´IPHYTE (_Gr_—upon, + a plant), growing upon the outside of another plant; either parasitic or not.

EP´ISPORE, EPISPO´RIUM (_Gr_—upon, + seed), the outer coat of a spore; same as exosporium.

EPITHE´CIUM (_Gr_—upon, + a case), the layer sometimes formed above the asci by the concrescent tips of the paraphyses.

EPIX´YLOUS (_Gr_—upon, + wood + ous), growing upon wood.

E´QUAL (_æqualis_, equal, like), all gills of the same, or nearly the same, length from back to front; stem of uniform thickness.

ERO´DED (_erodere_, gnaw off), the edge ragged as if torn.

ERUM´PENT (_erumpen(t-)s_, ppr. of _erumpere_, break out), prominent; originating beneath and bursting through the surface of the matrix.

E´TIOLATE, E´TIOLATED (_stipula_, straw), whitened, blanched by exclusion of the sun’s rays or by disease.

EVANES´CENT (_evanescen(t-)s_, ppr. of _evanescere_, vanish away), fleeting; vanishing; soon disappearing.

E´VEN, of a surface which is quite plane as contrasted _e. g._ with one which is striate, pitted, etc. Distinguished from smooth. A surface may not be smooth and yet be even.

EX-, prefix. See “E-.”

EXCEN´TRIC (_Gr_—out of the center), not central; the stems of some mushrooms are always excentric.

EXCIP´ULUM (_excipulum_, a vessel for receiving liquids, < _excipere_, take out, receive), outer layer of an apothecium or cup developed as part of the receptacle.

EXO-, prefix signifying “outside.”

EX´OGEN (_Gr_—outside, + producing), a plant in which the growth of the stem is in successive concentric layers.

EXOG´ENOUS, growing by additions on the outside; belonging to or characteristic of the class of exogens; produced on the outside, as the spores of hyphomycetous and many other fungi.

EXOPERID´IUM (_Gr_—outside, peridium), outer layer of the peridium.

EX´OSPORES (_exosporium_), spores which are free, not produced within a sporangium, as basidio-spores.

EXOSPO´RIUM (_Gr_—outside, + seed), the outer coat of a spore; same as episporium.

EXOT´IC (_exoticus_, foreign, alien), foreign, not native.

EXPAN´DED (_expandere_, pp. _expansus_, spread out, < _ex_, out, + _pandere_, spread), spread out, as a pileus from convex to plane.

EX´PLANATE (_explanatus_, flattened, spread out), flattened, expanded; applied usually to a part which has been rolled or folded.

EXSER´TED (_exsertus_, thrust out, pp. of _exsere_, stretch out), projecting; standing out.

EXSICCA´TI (_exsiccatus_, pp. of _exsiccare_, dry up), dried specimens; especially those published in sets and distributed.

FAC´ULTATIVE (_faculta(t-)s_, faculty), capability, etc., having a faculty or power, but exercising it only occasionally or incidentally; optional or contingent.

FAC´ULTATIVE-PAR´ASITE, an organism which normally lives throughout as a saprophyte, but which may also go through its course either wholly or in part as a parasite.

FAC´ULTATIVE-SAP´ROPHYTE, an organism which normally is parasitic, but which can vegetate at certain stages as a saprophyte.

FAL´CATE, FAL´CIFORM (_falcatus_, bent, curved, hooked, sickle-shaped, < _falx_, a sickle), hooked, curved like a scythe or sickle.

FAMILY (_familia_, household establishment, < _famulus_, a servant), a systematic group in a scientific classification embracing a greater or less number of genera which agree in certain characters not shared by others of the same order.

FARC´TATE (_farctus_, < _farcio_, to stuff), stuffed; without vacuities; opposed to fistulose.

FARINA´CEOUS (_farinaceus_, < _farina_, meal), mealy.

FAR´INOSE (_farinosus_, mealy), covered with a white mealy powder.

FAS´CIA (_fascis_, a bundle), a band or bar.

FAS´CIATE, FAS´CIATED (_fascia_, a band or girth), having broad parallel bands or stripes; banded or compacted together; exhibiting fasciation.

FASCIA´TION (_fascia_, a band), the act or manner of binding with fasciæ, a monstrous flattened expansion of the stem; condition of being bound or compacted together.

FAS´CICLE, FASCIC´ULUS (_fasciculus_, a small bundle; packet, etc.), a close cluster; a small bundle.

FASCIC´ULATE (_fasciculus_, a small bundle), growing in small bundles or fascicles.

FASTIG´IATE (_fastigiatus_, sloping, < _fastigium_, the top of a gable, slope), with branches erect and close together; sloping upward to a summit, point or edge.

FAVOSE´ (_favosus_, < _favus_, a honey-comb), honey-combed; resembling a honey-comb.

FAWN-COLOR (_cervinus_, _cervineus_), a light warm-brown color.

FERRU´GINEOUS, FERRU´GINOUS (_ferrugineus_), rust-red or the color of iron rust.

FI´BRILLAR, FI´BRILLATE, FI´BRILLOSE, FI´BRILLOUS (_fibrilla_, a fiber), appearing to be covered or composed of minute fibers.

FI´BROUS (_fibrosus_, < _fibra_, a fiber), clothed with small fibers.

FI´BROUS-MYCE´LIUM, FIBRILLOSE-MYCELIUM, elongated branching mycelial strands, formed by the union of hyphæ.

FIG´URATE (_figuratus_, pp. _figuare_, < _figura_, a form, shape), of a certain determinate form or shape.

FIL´AMENT (_filum_, thread), a separate fiber or fibril of any animal or vegetable tissue, as a filament of silk, wool, etc.

FILAMEN´TOUS, like a thread; composed of threads or filaments.

FILAMEN´TOUS-MYCE´LIUM, FLOC´COSE-MYCE´LIUM, mycelium of free hyphæ which are at most loosely interwoven, but without forming bodies of definite shape and outline.

FIL´ACEOUS, FIL´IFORM (_filum_, a thread, + aceous), like a thread or filament.

FIM´BRIATE, FIM´BRIATED (_fimbriatus_, < _fimbriæ_, a fringe), fringed; cut jaggedly.

FIS´SILE (_fissilis_, cleft, < _fissus_, pp. _findere_, split), capable of being split, cleft or divided in layers.

FIS´SURED (_fissura_, a cleft, chink, fissure), cleft or split.

FIS´TULAR, FIS´TULOSE (_fistularis_, like a pipe, < _fistula_, a pipe), tubular, hollow in the center like a pipe.

FIXED, said of lamellæ or spines not readily detached from the underlying tissue.

FLABEL´LATE, FLABEL´LIFORM (_flabellum_, a fan), fan-shaped.

FLAC´CID (_flaccidus_, flabby, pendulous), soft and limber; flabby; without firmness or elasticity.

FLAVES´CENT (_flavescens_, ppr. _flavescere_, become yellow, < _flavus_, yellow), yellowish or turning yellow.

FLA´VOUS (_flavus_, golden-yellow, reddish-yellow), yellow.

FLESH, inner substance of a fungus-body as distinguished from the cortical and hymenial layers.

FLESH-COLOR (_carneus_, _incarnatus_), a pinkish-color like that observable in the cheeks of a person of fair complexion; carnation.

FLESH´Y, succulent; composed of juicy cellular tissue.

FLEX´UOSE, FLEX´UOUS (_flexuosus_, < _flexus_, a bending, winding), wavy.

FLOC´CI (pl. of FLOC´CUS) (_floccus_, a lock of wool), woolly locks.

FLOC´COSE (_floccosus_, < _floccus_, a lock of wool), downy, woolly; composed of or bearing flocci.

FLOC´CULOSE (_flocculosus_, < _flocculus_, dim. of _floccus_, a lock of wool), covered with flocci; composed of or bearing minute flocci.

FOLIA´CEOUS (_foliaceus_, leafy, of leaves, < _folium_, a leaf), leaf-like; bearing leaves.

FO´VEATE (_foveatus_, < _fovea_, a small pit, pitfall), marked with pits or depressions.

FOV´EOLATE (_foveolatus_, < _foveola_, dim. of _fovea_, a small pit), marked with minute pits or depressions.

FREE, said of gills which are not attached to the stem; said of any part not attached to another; of spores not inclosed in a special envelope.

FRILL, same as ARMILLA.

FRONT, same as ANTERIOR.

FRINGE (_fimbria_, a border), a lacerated, marginal membrane.

FRUC´TIFICATION (_fructificare_, bear fruit), reproducing power of a plant; fruiting; also the organs concerned.

FUGA´CIOUS (_fugar_, < _fugere_, flee), fleeting, transitory; falling or fading early.

FU´GITIVE (_fugitivus_, fleeing away; a fugitive), quickly disappearing; evanescent.

FULIGIN´EOUS, FULIG´INOUS (_fuliginosus_), sooty-brown or dark smoke-color.

FULVES´CENT (_fulvescens_), inclining to a fulvous color.

FUL’VOUS (_fulvus_), a rather indefinite brownish-yellow or yellowish-brown tint, like tanned leather; tawny.

FU´MOSE, FU´MOUS (_fumosus_, full of smoke, < _fumus_, smoke, steam), smoke-colored, fuliginous.

FUN´GOID (_fungus_, mushroom, + _Gr_—form), of, or pertaining to fungi.

FUNGOL´OGY (_fungus_, mushroom, + _Gr_—speak), mycology.

FUN´GUS (pl. FUN´GI) (_fungus_, a mushroom), a thallophyte characterized by the absence of chlorophyl and deriving its sustenance from living or dead organic matter.

FUNIC´ULAR (_funiculus_, a small cord), having the character of a funicle or small cord.

FUNIC´ULATE (_funiculus_, a small cord), having a funicle.

FUNIC´ULUS (_L._—a small rope), in Nidulariaceæ the cord of hyphæ attaching a peridiolum to the inner wall of the peridium.

FUR´CATE (_furcatus_, < _furca_, a fork), forked.

FURFURA´CEOUS (_furfuraceus_, < _furfur_, bran), with branny scales or scurf.

FUSCES´CENT (_fuscus_, dark, dusky, + escent), somewhat fuscous.

FUS´COUS (_fuscus_, dusky), brownish in color; brown or brown tinged with gray; dingy, not pure.

FU´SIFORM, FU´SOID (_fusus_, a spindle; _forma_, form), spindle-shaped.

GAMOGEN´ESIS (_Gr_—marriage, + generation), sexual reproduction.

GAS´TEROMYCE´TES, GAS´TROMYCE´TES (_Gr_—stomach, + mushroom), a group of Basidiomycetes in which the hymenium is enclosed in a sack-like envelope called the peridium.

GELAT´INOUS (_gelatinosus_, < _gelatina_, gelatine), jelly-like.

GENER´IC (_genus_, race, sort), pertaining to, of the nature of, or forming a mark of a genus; having the rank or classificatory value of a genus.

GENET´IC (_Gr_—generation), of or pertaining to origin or mode of production.

GE´NUS (pl. GEN´ERA) (_L._—race, birth, origin, kind), a group of species having one or more characteristics in common; the union of several genera presenting the same features constitute a tribe.

GIB´BOUS (_gibbus_, hump-backed), in the form of a swelling; of a pileus _e. g._ which is more convex or tumid on one side than the other.

GILLS, the plates of an agaric on which the hymenium is situated; the lamellæ.

GIL´VOUS, isabelline; color of sole-leather.

GLA´BROUS (_glaber_, smooth), smooth, devoid of pubescence; a surface may be glabrous or smooth, and not even, or vice versa.

GLAIR (_clarus_, clear), any viscous transparent substance resembling white of an egg.

GLANDS, GLAN´DULES (_glans_, an acorn, dim. _glandula_, a gland), moist or sticky dots resembling the glands on the epidermis of phenogams.

GLAN´DULAR, bearing glands.

GLAUCES´CENT (_glaucescen(t-)s_, < _glaucus_, silvery, gleaming), inclining to glaucous.

GLAU´COUS (_glaucus_, silvery, gleaming), covered with a whitish-green bloom or very fine white powder easily rubbed off. Somewhat like that of cabbage.

GLE´BA (_gleba_, a clod), in Gastromycetes, spore-bearing tissue composed of chambers lined with the hymenium and enclosed by the sack-like peridium, as in puff-balls, etc.; in phalloids the peridium or volva ruptures and the gleba is carried up on the stem-like or clathrate receptacle.

GLO´BOSE, GLOB´ULAR, GLOB´ULOSE (_globosus_, round as a ball), nearly spherical.

GLU´TINOSE, _Glu´tinous_ (_glutinosus_, gluey, viscous, < _gluten_, glue), covered with a sticky exudation; viscous; glue-like.

GONID´IUM (_Gr_—generation; seed), same as conidium; also preferably applied to the algal element of lichens.

GRAN´ULAR, GRAN´ULATE, GRAN´ULOSE (_granula_, dim. of _granum_, grain), covered with or composed of granules.

GRAN´ULE (_granula_, dim. of _granum_, grain), a little grain; a fine particle; a sporule found in all cryptogamic plants.

GRAY (_griseus_; _cæsius_; _cinereus_; _canus_; _leucophæus_), a color produced by the mixture of black and white. Various shades depending upon varying relative proportions of the components.

GREAVED (_greve_, the shin-bone), of a stem clothed like a leg in armor.

GREGA´RIOUS (_gregarius_, of a flock), of mushrooms not solitary but growing together in numbers in the same locality; in groups but not in a tufted manner.

GRU´MOUS (_grumosus_, < _grumus_, a little heap), clotted; of flesh _e. g._ composed of little clustered grains.

GUT´TATE (_guttatus_, < _gutta_, a tear), marked with tear-like spots or drops.

GUTT´ULA (pl. GUTTULÆ) (dim. of _gutta_, a drop), a small drop or drop-like particle; the oil-globule in some spores resembling a nucleus.

GUTT´ULATE, finely guttate; also, containing or composed of fine drops or drop-like particles; said of spores containing an oily nucleus-like globule or guttula.

GYMNOCAR´POUS (_Gr_—naked, _Gr_—fruit), having the hymenium exposed when the spores are maturing.

GY´RATE, GY´ROSE (_Gr_—a circle), circling in wavy folds; having folds resembling the convolutions of the brain.

HAB´ITAT (_habitat_, it dwells), natural abode of a vegetable species.

HAUSTO´RIUM (pl. HAUSTO´RIA) (_haustor_, a drawer, < _haurire_, pp. _haustus_, draw), special branch of filamentous mycelium, which serves as an organ of adhesion and suction.

HEMIANGIOCAR´POUS (_hemi_, half, + _Gr_—a vessel, a case), partly angiocarpous as those agarics where the hymenium is at first enclosed by a veil or otherwise and later becomes exposed.

HEPAT´IC (_hepaticus_, of the liver), pertaining to the liver, hence liver-colored; brownish-red.

HERBIC´OLOUS, growing on herbaceous plants.

HETEROGE´NEOUS (_Gr_—one of two), of a structure which is different from adjacent ones.

HIBERNAC´ULUM (pl. HIBERNAC´ULA) (winter residence, < _hibernare_, pass the winter), applied to bodies which are the forms in which certain fungi (_e. g._ Typhulæ) pass the winter.

HIRSUTE´ (_hirsutus_, rough, shaggy, bristly), hairy with stiff hairs.

HIR´TO-VER´RUCOSE, bearing hairs grouped in wart-like masses.

HIS´PID (_hispidus_, rough, shaggy, bristly), having strong hairs or bristles; bristly.

HOAR´Y, covered with short dense grayish-white hairs; canescent.

HOLO-, (_Gr_—entire, complete in all parts), a prefix signifying entire; whole.

HOMOGE´NEOUS (_Gr_—one and the same, + kind), similar in structure; of the same character.

HOST, the name given to any plant or animal supporting a parasitic fungus.

HOMOL´OGOUS (_Gr_—agreeing, correspondent), having the same relative position, proportion, value or structure; having correspondence or likeness.

HU´MUS (earth, ground, soil), vegetable mold; woody fiber in a state of decay.

HY´ALINE (_Gr_—clear), colorless; transparent; clear like glass.

HYGROMET´RIC (_Gr_—wet, moist, + a measure, + ic), readily absorbing and retaining moisture.

HYGROPH´ANOUS (_Gr_—moist; _Gr_—to show), of a watery appearance when moist and opaque when dry.

HYGROSCOP´IC, having the property of absorbing moisture from the atmosphere; sensitive to moisture.

HYME´NIUM (_hymenial_, belonging to the hymenium; _Gr_—a membrane), the fruit-bearing surface; _e. g._ covering intimately each side of the gills of an Agaric.

HY´MENOMYCE´TES (_Gr_—a mushroom, + _Gr_—a membrane), a group of Basidiomycetes having the hymenium on the free, exposed surface of the sporophore.

HY´MENOPHORE, HYMENOPH´ORUM (_Gr_—a membrane, + to bear), the structure which bears the hymenium; in Agarics _e. g._ the under surface of the pileus to which the gills are attached.

HY´PHA (pl. HY´PHÆ), the elementary filament or thread of a fungus; a cylindric thread-like branched body developing by apical growth, and usually becoming transversely septate.

HY´PHAL, of or pertaining to the hypha.

HYPOCRATER´IFORM (_Gr_—the stand of a crater, + _forma_, form), having the shape of a cylindrical cup the margin of which turns outward; salver-shaped.

HYPOGÆ´OUS, HYPOGE´AL, HYPOGE´OUS (_hypogæous_, underground), subterranean; forming below the surface of the ground.

HYPOG´ENOUS (_Gr_—under, + produced, + ous), growing on the under surface.

HYPOPHYL´LOUS (_foltum_, a leaf, + ous), growing on the under side of a leaf.

HYPOTHE´CIUM (_Gr_—under, a case), layer of hyphal tissue immediately beneath a hymenium.

IDENTIFICATION, the determination of a genus and species to which a given specimen belongs.

IM´BRICATE, IM´BRICATED (_imbricatus_, pp. of _imbricare_, cover with gutter tiles; form like a gutter tile), to lay or lap one over another, like shingles.

IMMAR´GINATE (_in_, negative; _marginatus_, marginate), without a well-defined margin.

IMMERSED´ (_immersus_, pp. of _immergere_, dip or plunge into), sunk into the matrix; originating beneath the surface of the matrix or of the ground; growing wholly under water.

IMPER´FORATE (_in_, not, + _perforatus_, pp. of _perforare_, perforate), without any aperture.

INCANES´CENT (_incanescen(t-)s_, ppr. of _incanescere_, become gray or hoary), somewhat or slightly canescent.

INCAR´NATE (_in_, in, on, + _caro_ (_carn_), flesh), flesh-colored.

INCISED´ (_incisus_, pp. _incindere_, cut into), appearing as if cut into; having marginal slits or notches.

INCRAS´SATED (_incrassatus_, pp. of _incrassare_, < _in_, in; _crassare_, make thick), becoming thicker by degrees, swelling or swollen.

INCRUS´TING (_incrustare_, cover with a rind or crust, < _in_, on, + _crusta_, a crust), forming a crust-like coating.

INDEHIS´CENT, applied to a peridium which does not open spontaneously at maturity; the spores within it becoming freed by its decay.

INDIF´FERENT, primitive, homogenous, not developed into parts or organs of different structure or function.

INDIG´ENOUS (_indigena_, a native), native of a country.

INDIGO BLUE, a dark blue-color like the indigo of commerce.

IN´DURATED (_induratus_, pp. of _indurare_, harden, < _in_, in, + _durare_, harden), hardened.

INDU´SIUM (_L._—a tunic, < _induere_, put on), in certain phalloids, an appendage or veil hanging from the apex of the stem beneath the pileus.

INFE´RIOR (_inferior_, lower), growing below some other part; of the ring of an Agaric which is far down on the stem.