PART I

NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND THE MOTIVES OF WAR

CHAPTER

I ORIGINS AND BIOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS 3

II UNCONSCIOUS MOTIVES, THE REVERSION THEORIES OF WAR, AND THE INTOXICATION MOTIVE 17

III INSTINCTS IN WAR: FEAR, HATE, THE AGGRESSIVE IMPULSE, MOTIVES OF COMBAT AND DESTRUCTION, THE SOCIAL INSTINCT 38

IV AESTHETIC ELEMENTS IN THE MOODS AND IMPULSES OF WAR 70

V PATRIOTISM, NATIONALISM AND NATIONAL HONOR 78

VI "CAUSES" AS PRINCIPLES AND ISSUES IN WAR 97

VII PHILOSOPHICAL INFLUENCES 110

VIII RELIGIOUS AND MORAL INFLUENCES 117

IX ECONOMIC FACTORS AND MOTIVES 128

X POLITICAL AND HISTORICAL FACTORS 142

XI THE SYNTHESIS OF CAUSES 153