Part 5

SEC. 3. Any member who shall fail to pay his dues for six consecutive months, shall have his name stricken from the roll, and be considered no longer a member: _Provided, always_, One month's notice has been given him in writing by the Curator.

ARTICLE XI.

All questions in dispute between the Departments shall be referred to the Directors for final settlement.

ARTICLE XII.

The Oregon Camera Club is hereby incorporated as the Photographic Department of the Oregon Alpine Club. All members of the Oregon Camera Club in good standing, becoming members of the Photographic Department of the Oregon Alpine Club, on ratification and acceptance of this article by the Camera Club.

ARTICLE XIII.

AMENDMENTS.

The Constitution may be amended by a two-thirds vote of members present: _Provided_, That one month's notice has been given in writing, at a regular meeting, and has also been posted in the Club rooms for one month.

EXPLORATION DEPARTMENT.

OFFICERS.

_President_, W. G. STEEL

_Vice President_, EDWARD CASEY

_Secretary_, M. W. GORMAN

_Treasurer_, DR. WILLIS I. COTTEL

CONSTITUTION.

ARTICLE I

NAME.

This body shall be called the EXPLORATION DEPARTMENT OF THE OREGON ALPINE CLUB.

ARTICLE II.

OBJECT.

To encourage the exploration of mountains, lakes and rivers, by either scientists or pleasure seekers, to foster pleasure outings by land or water, to award appropriate prizes for meritorious outfits for journeys and cruises, and for speedy trips on land, and swift cruises by water; and to conserve the handling of gun and sail as an accomplishment, and incidentally to encourage canoeing as a means to reach wide fields for research and pleasure, awarding prizes for the handling of the same.

ARTICLE III.

OFFICERS.

The officers shall be a President, Vice President, Secretary and Treasurer, whose duties shall be those usual to such offices.

ARTICLE IV.

MEMBERSHIP.

SECTION 1. No one shall be competent for membership, except members of the Oregon Alpine Club.

SEC. 2. It is understood that when the membership of any person ceases in the Oregon Alpine Club, such person shall cease to be a member of this Department.

SEC. 3. All propositions for membership shall be in writing.

SEC. 4. Every name submitted for membership, shall be proposed at one meeting, and voted on by ballot at the next, two-thirds of all members present being necessary for election.

SEC. 5. Any member may be expelled for conduct unbecoming a gentleman, by a two-thirds vote of the members present: _Provided_, That one month's notice has been given at a regular meeting.

ARTICLE V.

DUES.

SECTION 1. An initiation fee of one dollar shall be charged all members, and the monthly dues shall be twenty-five cents each, payable quarterly in advance.

SEC. 2. Any member who shall fail to pay his regular dues for six consecutive months, shall have his name stricken from the roll, due notice having been given him by the Secretary.

ARTICLE VI.

MEETINGS.

SECTION 1. Regular meetings shall be held on the second Monday evening of each month, at such hour as shall be agreed upon from time to time.

SEC. 2. Special meetings may be called by the President, or by a call signed by five members: _Provided_, That such a call shall state the object of the meeting.

SEC. 3. An annual meeting shall be held on the second Monday in December of each year, for the election of officers, and such other business not provided for herein.

ARTICLE VII.

TRUSTEES.

A Board of five Trustees shall be chosen at the annual meeting each year, who shall have the general management of all the affairs of the Department.

ARTICLE VIII.

QUORUM.

Five members shall constitute a quorum competent to transact business.

ARTICLE IX.

AMENDMENTS.

This Constitution may be amended by a two-thirds vote of members present: _Provided_, That one month's notice has been given in writing at a regular meeting, and a copy of said notice posted in the Club room for one month.

GAME PROTECTIVE DEPARTMENT.

[Not Organized.]

PHOTOGRAPHIC DEPARTMENT.

OFFICERS.

_President_, W. W. BRETHERTON

_Vice President_, H. GOLDSMITH

_Secretary and Treasurer_, E. E. NORTON

CONSTITUTION.

ARTICLE I.

NAME.

This association shall be known as the PHOTOGRAPHIC DEPARTMENT OF THE OREGON ALPINE CLUB.

ARTICLE II.

OBJECT.

Its object shall be to encourage and promote practical Photography, and to invite and stimulate discussion and investigation of all that pertains to Photographic science and art.

ARTICLE III.

MEMBERSHIP.

The Department shall be composed of such members of the Oregon Alpine Club who practice Photography as amateurs, as shall be elected there and shall be known as active members, and such Honorary and Associate members as shall be elected by the Department from the members of the Oregon Alpine Club.

Candidates for election may be proposed for election at one meeting, and voted on at the same meeting. All applications for membership shall be voted on by ballot, and it shall require two-thirds of all votes cast to elect any member.

All professional Photographers who are members of the Oregon Alpine Club shall be eligible as Associate members, and shall enjoy all the privileges of the Department except the right of vote or hold office.

ARTICLE IV.

OFFICERS.

The officers of the Department shall be a President, Vice-President, one or more, a Secretary, and a Treasurer; the offices of Secretary and Treasurer being held by one member if so desired by the Department.

ARTICLE V.

QUORUM.

The attendance of two officers and three or more members shall be necessary to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, but the constitution or by-laws shall not be changed except at a meeting called for that purpose by the Secretary and by a vote of two-thirds of all votes cast.

ARTICLE VI.

ANNUAL MEETING.

The Annual Meeting of the Department shall be held on the third Friday of January in each year, for the election of officers and such other business as may come before the meeting.

ARTICLE VII.

MONTHLY MEETINGS.

The monthly meeting of the Department shall be held on the third Friday of each month.

ARTICLE VIII.

DUES.

The dues of the Department shall be $3.00 per year, payable to the treasurer of the Department.

PRESIDENTS OF THE OREGON ALPINE CLUB.

HENRY WINSLOW CORBETT, the first president of the Oregon Alpine Club was elected immediately after its organization and served until the close of 1888. He was born at Westborough, Mass., February 18th, 1827, and came to Oregon, via Cape Horn, with a stock of general merchandise, arriving at Portland, March 4th, 1851. In 1866, he was elected U. S. Senator and served six years with credit to himself and honor to his State. He is one of the wealthiest and most influential men in Oregon. The following in reference to him is taken from the History of Portland:

"In person, Mr. Corbett is six feet high, straight and spare in figure, but symmetrically formed. Cautious, cool-headed and decided, he is not an inviting mark for the wiles of the schemer or impostor, but he is thoroughly approachable, respectful and considerate toward those whom he meets, and utterly lacking either in the arrogance of small greatness, or in the still more objectionable truckling and assumed _bonhommie_ of the small politician. He is thoroughly dignified, and yet his manners are so unassumingly easy that one hardly notices them. Indeed he is a fine type of that well approved manhood in which courtesy, kindness, dignity, culture, honor and charity are most happily blended. To these excellences can be added unswerving integrity, honesty of purpose, purity of thought and act, and those crowning virtues born of an ever present and controlling moral sentiment. His career shows what can be accomplished by steady and quiet energy, directed by sound judgment and high purpose. His name has been associated with numberless successful enterprises, but not one failure, and he is justly entitled to a foremost place among those who have created, established and maintained the commercial and industrial supremacy of Portland."

* * * * *

"DAVID P. THOMPSON, one of the most widely known men in our State, was born in Harrison county, Ohio, in 1834. In his nineteenth year he came to Oregon, driving sheep across the plains and walking every rod of the way. Upon his arrival at Oregon City in 1853 he took a job of cutting cordwood, which lasted through the winter. Soon after he entered upon the profession of a surveyor, which he followed during several years. In pursuance of this business he acquired an unequaled knowledge of the northwestern country, and laid the foundation of his present ample fortune. He lived at Oregon City till 1876, when he removed to Portland. In 1879, and again in 1881, he was elected mayor, and gave the city a vigorous and efficient administration. Mr. Thompson, throughout his whole life, has been noted for activity and energy. He is a man of firm and positive character, tenacious of his purposes, active in business and successful in his undertakings. By appointment of President Grant he became governor of Idaho Territory in 1875, but resigned the office in 1876. He is now engaged in the banking business in Portland."--(History of Portland,--Scott.) Mr. Thompson served as president of the Alpine Club in 1889.

* * * * *

MR. GEORGE B. MARKLE is at the present time serving as president of the Alpine Club. He was born in Hazleton, Lucerne county, Pennsylvania, October 7th, 1857, and came to Oregon in 1886. His desire to locate in the west led him to make a tour of inspection, which embraced Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado, Utah, California, Oregon and Washington. A careful examination of all this region convinced him that Portland offered the best inducements as a business point, combined with all the advantages of an old settled community, and in the fall of 1886 he permanently located in this city. He immediately became a factor in the busy life around him, and displayed a business generalship which marked him as a man of unusual power, and gave him a place among the foremost business men of the city seldom accorded in any community to one of his years. With others he organized the Oregon National Bank, of which he is vice president; also the Ellensburgh National Bank, the Northwest Loan and Trust Company and the Commercial Bank of Vancouver, being president of the last three corporations named. He was one of the purchasers of the Multnomah Street Railway; reorganized the company and ever since has been its president. He is also president of the Portland Mining Company, owning the Sunset group of mines in the famous Coeur d'Alene district. He was one of the leading spirits in organizing the great enterprise of the North Pacific Industrial Association; purchased the land upon which to erect the necessary buildings and secured a large number of subscriptions to its capital stock. He was one of the leading spirits in the organization of the Portland Hotel Company and is prominently identified with many other enterprises.--(History of Portland,--Scott.)

OREGON BIBLIOGRAPHY.

1853.--ADAMS, MT.--Called by Winthrop, "Tacoma the Second,"--(Canoe and Saddle, page 48).

1889.--Called by the Indians "Pat-to," which signifies standing up high. With the Indians this was a general term for snow capped mountains.

Located in latitude 46 deg. 12' 14.1", longitude 121 deg. 31' 08.3".

1775.--ADAMS POINT.--Discovered by Heceta and called Cape Frondoso (Leafy Cape).

1792.--Capt. Gray subsequently entered the river and named it Point Adams.--(Life on Puget Sound,--Leighton, page 48. Pacific States, vol. 22, page 163).

1792.--ADMIRALTY INLET.--Named by Vancouver for the Board of Admiralty.--(Life on Puget Sound, p. 155).

1766-9.--ALASKA.--Named by Russians.--(Willamette Valley, page 62). The name is derived from a Russian corruption of an Aleutian word, "Alakshak," which signifies Continent, or a large country. The Russian version of the term was "Aliaska," and it applied only to the prominent peninsula jutting out from the continent. Made a general term by the United States.--(Supplement to Encyclopaedia Britannica, vol. 1, page 157).

1507.--AMERICA.--First applied to the new world in a work entitled "Cosmographiae Instructio, etc., in super quatuor Americi Vespucii Navigationes," written by Marti Waldseemuller, under the assumed name of Hylacomylus and printed at Saint Die, in Lorraine.--(History of Oregon and California,--Greenhow, page 48).

1808.--AMERICAN FUR COMPANY organized.--(Burrows' Oregon, page 58).

1846.--APPLEGATE, OR SOUTHERN ROUTE.--Constructed by Jesse Applegate.--(Pacific States, vol 22, page 642).

1811.--ASTORIA founded by John Jacob Astor, April 12.--(Encyclopaedia Britannica, vol. 2, page 737. History of the Willamette Valley, page 153).

1813.--Captured by the English and name changed to St. George.--(Burrows' Oregon, page 63).

1818.--Repossessed by the United States.--(Burrows' Oregon, page 65).

1865.--ATMOSPHERIC RIVER OF HEAT.--General course, effects, etc.--(Miners and Travelers' Guide,--Muller, page 61).

1792.--BAKER'S BAY.--Named by Broughton for Capt. Baker, of the brig Jenny.--(Three Years' Residence in W. T.,--Swan, page 129).

1792.--BAKER, MT.--Named for Lieut. Baker, by Vancouver, April 30.--(Vancouver, vol. 2, page 56).

1853.--Called by Winthrop, "Kulshan," presumably because of being the Indian name.--(Canoe and Saddle, page 47).

1846-8.--Same as Mt. Polk.--(Oregon and California,--Thornton, vol. 1, page 256).

1868.--The summit is described and illustrated in Harper's Monthly for November, page 806, by E. T. Coleman.

1869.--Called by the Spanish, "Montana del Carmelo."--(Life on Puget Sound,--Leighton, page 160).

1842-6.--BARLOW ROAD.--See Indian Trail.

1851.--BATTLE ROCK AT PORT ORFORD.--First trip from here to the Willamette Valley (with notes by a participant).--(Oregon and Washington,--Armstrong, page 60).

1792.--BELLINGHAM'S BAY.--Named by Vancouver.--(Vancouver, vol. 2, page 214).

1728.--BEHRING sent out by Russia on a voyage of discovery.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 22).

1865.--BITTER ROOT RANGE.--Same as the Coeur d'Alene Mountains.--(Miners and Travelers' Guide,--Mullan, page 63).

1841.--BLANCHET, FATHER.--Visited by Wilkes.--(Wilkes' Narrative, vol. 4, page 349).

1775.--BODEGA, DON JUAN DE LA.--Sailed north to 58 deg. and returning discovered Bodega Bay in 38 deg. 18'.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 57).

BONNEVILLE.--Named for B. L. E. Bonneville, who explored the Rocky Mountains in 1832 and visited the Columbia in 1834.--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 568).

1792.--BROUGHTON, LIEUT.--Entered the Columbia River, October 20th, and was surprised to find the brig Jenny, of Bristol, Capt. Baker, lying there at anchor.--(Three Years' Residence in W. T.,--Swan, page 129).

1792.--BULFINCH'S HARBOR.--Discovered by Captain Gray.--(Oregon and Its Institutions,--Hines, page 15) See also, Gray's Harbor.

1543.--CABRILLO.--See Viscaino.

1775.--CAPE DISAPPOINTMENT.--Discovered by Heceta, August 15, and called Cape San Roque. Named Disappointment by Mears, because of his not being able to make the entrance of the river.--(Life on Puget Sound,--Leighton, page 48).

1792.--Called Cape Hancock by Gray, but afterwards changed upon hearing that Mears had already named it.--(Three Years' Residence in W. T.,--Swan, page 129).

1778.--CAPE FLATTERY.--Named by Captain Cook.--(Three Years' Residence in W. T.,--Swan, page 120).

1792.--CAPE HANCOCK.--See Cape Disappointment.

1812.--CAPE HORN.--So named because of the difficulty experienced in doubling it.--(The Columbia River,--Cox, vol. 1, page 118).

1766.--CARVER, CAPT. JONATHAN.--A resident of Connecticut and a soldier of the Canadian war. Left Boston, by way of Detroit, for the waters of the Upper Mississippi, and to cross the continent.--(The Oregon Territory,--Nicolay, page 93).

CASCADE MOUNTAINS.--Named for the Cascades of the Columbia River.--(American Cyclopedia, vol. 4, page 511. Fremont, page 189).

1846-8.--Same as President's Range.--(Oregon and California,--Thornton, vol. 1, page 255).

1805.--CASTLE ROCK, called by Lewis and Clarke, Beacon Rock.--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 47).

1852.--Coal discovered near Seahome by Capt. Pattle.--(Harpers Magazine for November, 1869, page 795).

1792.--COFFIN, MT.--Originally used as an Indian burying ground, and discovered by Lieut. Broughton.--(Vancouver, vol. 3, page 98.--Wilkes Narrative, vol. 4, page 319).

1775.--COLUMBIA RIVER.--First discovered by Heceta, August 15.

Named by him _Ensenada de Asuncion_, or Assumption Inlet. The north point was called Cape San Roque, and the south, Cape Frondoso, (Leafy Cape). In the chart published in Mexico soon after the conclusion of the voyage, the entrance is, however, called _Ensenada de Heceta_, Hecta Inlet; and _Rio de San Roque_, River of St. Roc.

While in command of the sloop Washington, in August, Capt. Gray discovered, and attempted to enter this opening, but the sloop grounded on the bar and came near being lost; and was also attacked by Indians, who killed one man and wounded the mate.

Gray was shortly afterward transferred to the Columbia, and on another cruise entered the river; sailed up it about twenty miles, and bestowed the name of his vessel upon it.--(Three Years' Residence in W. T., pages 124 to 128.--Pacific States, vol. 22, page 163.--American Cyclopaedia, vol. 5, page 513).

Many works published before the discovery refer to a river flowing westward, as "River of the West," "River of Aguilar," "River Thegays."--(History of Oregon and California,--Greenhow, pages 144-5).

1805.--Called by the Indians "Spocatilicum"--Friendly Water.--(Life on Puget Sound,--Leighton, page 50). The Indians also referred to it as Wahn-na, or Big River.

1816.--The bar was first surveyed by Capt. McClellan, of the Col. Allen.--(Pac. States, vol. 23, page 266).

1846.--Was considered accessible for vessels only three months in the year.--(The Oregon Territory,--Nicolay, page 42).

1853.--COMCOMLI.--This Indian Chief is spoken of by Winthrop as one Montgomery.--(Canoe and Saddle, page 77).

1841.--COMMENCEMENT BAY.--Named by Wilkes. (Wilkes' Narrative, vol. 4, page 479).

1778.--COOK, CAPT.--Sailed along the coast and sighted land at 44 deg., March 7.--(Oregon,--Moseley, page 8.--History of Oregon and California,--Greenhow, page 150).

1779.--Murdered by natives in the Sandwich Islands February 16th.--(History of Oregon and California, page 157).

CORVALLIS.--Of Spanish derivation, and signifies Center of the Valley. Originally, Marysville.--(Oregon and Washington,--Armstrong, page 18).

1598.--D'AGUILAR, MARTIN.--See Sebastian Viscanio.

1805.--DES CHUTES RIVER.--Called by Lewis, "Towahnahiooks," and by Gass, "The Kimmooenim."--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 41).

1775.--DISAPPOINTMENT, CAPE.--See Cape Disappointment.

1786.--DIXON AND POSTLOCK were sent out by the King Georges Sound Co. of London and arrived at Cooks River in July.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 61).

1824.--DOUGLAS, DAVID.--The botanist who gave his name to the Douglas pine (_Abies Douglasii_), and named over one thousand plants, was sent out by the Royal Horticultural Society of London, and remained ten years.--(Pac. States, vol. 23, pages 507-8).

1579.--DRAKE, SIR FRANCIS.--Sailed along the coast.--(Oregon,--Moseley, page 8. History of Oregon and California,--Greenhow, page 73).

FALSE DUNGENESS, see Port Angeles.

1542.--FURRELO, BARTOLEME.--Sailed with two vessels to 41 deg. to 44 deg.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, pages 26 and 27. History of Oregon and California,--Greenhow, page 64).

1576.--First voyage made from England to seek a Northwest Passage was made by Martin Frobisher.--(History of Oregon and California,--Greenhow, page 77).

1793.--First trip to the Pacific, overland, was made by Sir Alex. Mackenzie, who reached the sea at 52 deg. 20'.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, pages 19 and 20).

1806.--First civilized post, or settlement, west of the Rocky Mountains was made by the Northwest Co., on Frazer Lake in 54 deg.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 21).

1810.--First settlement attempted and first house in Oregon built by Capt. Winship forty miles above the sea on the south bank of the Columbia.--(Pac. States, vol. 23, page 133. Oregon,--Moseley, page 9).

1814.--First European woman on the Columbia River was Miss Jane Barnes, who arrived at Astoria on the Isaac Todd, April 17th.--(Pac. States, vol. 23, page 250).

1827.--First fruit tree in Oregon was planted at Vancouver by John McLaughlin, who also introduced live stock, vegetables and grain.--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 441).

1836.--First steamer to visit Oregon was the Beaver, from England--(Pac. States, vol. 23, page 600).

1598.--FLOREZ, ANTONIO.--See Sebastian Viscanio.

1812.--FRASER RIVER.--Known among the Indians as Tacoutche-Tesse.

1793.--Supposed by Sir Alex. Mackenzie to be the northern source of the Columbia.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 19. Pacific Coast, vol. 22, page 205).

Named for Simon Fraser, who established a post in that region in 1805.--(History of Portland,--Scott, page 16).

1713.--France secretly conveys to Spain all her possessions west of the Mississippi River.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 19).

1800.--France recovers the western half of Louisiana from Spain.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 20).

1803.--France sells her claims to the United States.--(Barrows' Oregon, pages 21 and 210).

1843.--Fremont follows Whitman to Oregon, arriving October 23.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 250).

1786.--Fur trade opened by British merchants between Oregon and China.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 18).

GOAT, MOUNTAIN.--Known by the Indians as Plas, (white), because of the white rocks.

1792.--GRAY, CAPT.--Explored the Columbia river twenty-five miles, and named it.--(The Oregon Territory,--Nicolay, page 39).

1792.--GRAY'S BAY.--Named by Broughton for Capt. Gray, of the Columbia.--(Vancouver, vol. 3, page 92).

1789.--GRAY'S HARBOR.--First called Bulfinch Harbor, but changed to Gray's Harbor May 7th.--(Pacific States vol. 22, page 259).

1791.--GULF OF GEORGIA.--Called by Don Francisco Elisa, "Canal de Nuestra Senora del Rosary," or The Channel of our Lady of the Rosary.

1792.--Subsequently named by Vancouver in honor of the king.--(Vancouver, vol. 2, page 170.--Life on Puget Sound, page 154).

1846-8.--HARRISON, MT.--See Rainier.

1771.--HEARNE, SAM'L.--An employee of the Hudson Bay Co. succeeded in tracing the Coppermine river to tide water in 72 deg., and his report caused the Lords of Admiralty to send Capt. Cook to the Northwest Coast.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 58).

1775.--HECETA, BRUNO.--Left San Blas for America March 16th. Passed up the entire coast of Oregon, discovered the Columbia river.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 567. Oregon,--Moseley, page 8).

1792.--HOOD, MT.--Discovered by Broughton October 29th, and named for Lord Hood.--(Vancouver, vol. 3, page 107.--N. W. Coast of America,--Franchere, page 112).

1846-8.--Same as Mt. Washington.--(Oregon and California,--Thornton, vol. 1, page 256).

1846.--Said to be in a state of eruption.--(Oregon and California, vol. 1, page 336).