Part 43

2. K. angustifolia, L. (SHEEP LAUREL. LAMBKILL. WICKY.) Shrub 1--3 deg. high; _leaves commonly opposite or in threes, pale or whitish underneath, light green above, narrowly oblong_, obtuse, petioled; _corymbs lateral_ (appearing later than the shoots of the season), slightly glandular, many-flowered; pod depressed, nearly smooth; _pedicels recurved in fruit_.--Hillsides, Newf. to Mich., south to N. Ga.; common. May, June. The flowers more crimson and two thirds smaller than in the last.

3. K. glauca, Ait. (PALE LAUREL.) _Branchlets 2-edged; leaves opposite, nearly sessile, oblong, white-glaucous beneath, with revolute margins_; corymbs terminal, few-flowered, smooth; bracts large; flowers 1/2' broad, lilac-purple; pod ovoid, smooth.--Cold peat-bogs and mountains, Newf. to Penn., Minn., and northward. May, June.--Straggling, about 1 deg. high.

Sec. 2. _Flowers scattered, solitary in the axils; calyx leafy, larger than the pod, nearly equalling the corolla, deciduous; leaves and branches bristly-hairy._

4. K. hirsuta, Walt. Branches terete; leaves oblong or lanceolate (4'' long), becoming glabrous.--Sandy pine-barren swamps, S. E. Va. to Fla. May--Sept.--Shrub 1 deg. high; corolla rose-color.

15. MENZIESIA, Smith.

Calyx very small and flattish, 4-toothed or 4-lobed. Corolla cylindraceous-urn-shaped and soon bell-shaped, obtusely 4-lobed. Stamens 8, included; anther-cells opening at the top by an oblique pore. Capsule ovoid, woody, 4-celled, 4-valved, many-seeded. Seeds narrow, with a loose coat.--A low shrub; the straggling branches and the alternate deciduous leaves usually hairy and ciliate with rusty rather chaff-like bristles. Flowers small, developed with the leaves, in terminal clusters from scaly buds, greenish-white and purplish, nodding. (Named for _Archibald Menzies_, who in Vancouver's voyage brought the original species from the Northwest Coast.)

1. M. glabella, Gray. Strigose-chaffy scales mostly wanting; leaves obovate, barely mucronate-tipped, _glabrous_ or nearly so (1--2' long); _filaments ciliate below; capsule glabrous_ or nearly so; _seeds long-caudate at each end_.--Minnesota Point, L. Superior, and northwestward.

2. M. globularis, Salisb. More or less chaffy, 2--5 deg. high; leaves obovate-oblong, prominently glandular-mucronate, _strigose-hirsute_ especially above; _filaments glabrous; capsule beset with short gland-tipped bristles; seeds merely apiculate_. (M. ferruginea, var. globularis, of Manual.)--In the Alleghanies from Penn. to Ga.

16. RHODODENDRON, L. ROSE BAY, AZALEA, etc.

Flowers almost always 5-merous. Calyx mostly small or minute. Corolla various (but not contracted at the orifice), lobed or cleft, or even parted, often somewhat irregular. Stamens sometimes as few as the corolla-lobes, more commonly twice as many, usually declined; anther-cells opening by a round terminal pore. Capsule 5-celled, 5-valved, many-seeded. Seeds scale-like.--Shrubs or small trees, of diverse habit and character, with chiefly alternate entire leaves, and large and showy flowers in umbelled clusters from large scaly-bracted terminal buds. ([Greek: R(ododendron], _rose-tree_; the ancient name.)

Sec. 1. AZALEA. _Leaves deciduous, glandular-mucronate; stamens (5 to 10) and style more or less exserted and declined._

[*] _Flower-buds of numerous much imbricated scales; corolla with conspicuous funnel-form tube; stamens (chiefly 5) and style long-exserted; 3--10 deg. high, with leaves obovate to oblong-oblanceolate._

[+] _Flowers appearing after the leaves._

1. R. arborescens, Torr. (SMOOTH AZALEA.) _Branchlets smooth; leaves_ obovate, obtuse, _very smooth both sides, shining above_, glaucous beneath, the margins bristly-ciliate; _calyx-lobes long and conspicuous_, corolla slightly clammy. (Azalea arborescens, _Pursh._)--Mountains of Penn. to N. C. June. Rose-colored flowers very fragrant.

2. R. viscosum, Torr. (CLAMMY A. WHITE SWAMP-HONEYSUCKLE.) _Branchlets bristly_, as well as the margins and midrib of the oblong-obovate otherwise smooth leaves; _calyx-lobes minute; corolla clammy, the tube much longer than the lobes_. (Azalea viscosa, _L._)--Swamps, mostly near the coast, Canada and Maine, to Fla. and Ark. June, July.--Var. GLAUCUM, Gray. Leaves paler, often white-glaucous underneath or on both sides, sometimes rough-hairy. N. Eng. to Va.--Var. NITIDUM, Gray. Dwarf, with oblanceolate leaves green both sides. Mountains, N. Y. to Va.

[+][+] _Flowers appearing before or with the leaves._

3. R. nudiflorum, Torr. (PURPLE A. PINXTER-FLOWER.) Leaves downy underneath; _tube of the corolla scarcely longer than the ample lobes, slightly glandular_. (Azalea nudiflora, _L._)--Swamps, Canada to Fla., Ill., Mo., and Tex. April, May. The showy flowers vary from flesh-color to pink and purple. There are numberless varieties, some of them with 10 stamens.

4. R. calendulaceum, Torr. (FLAME-COLORED AZALEA.) Leaves hairy; _tube of the corolla shorter than the lobes, hairy_. (Azalea calendulacea, _Michx._)--Woods, mountains of Penn. to Ga. May. Covered just when the leaves appear with a profusion of large orange blossoms, usually turning to flame-color, not fragrant.

[*][*] _Flower-buds of fewer and early caducous scales; corolla irregular, with short or hardly any tube, anteriorly divided to the base; the limb equalling the 10 stamens and style._

5. R. Rhodora, Don. Young parts sparingly strigose-hairy (1--2 deg. high); leaves oblong, pale, more or less pubescent; corolla hardly 1' long, purplish-rose-color, bilabiate, with the posterior lip 3-lobed, the anterior of 2 oblong-linear and recurving nearly or quite distinct petals. (Rhodora Canadensis, _L._)--Cool bogs, Newf. and N. Eng. to mountains of Penn.

Sec. 2. RHODODENDRON proper. _Leaves coriaceous and persistent; stamens (commonly 10) and style rarely exserted, somewhat declined, or sometimes equally spreading._

6. R. maximum, L. (GREAT LAUREL.) _Leaves_ 4--10' long, very thick, _elliptical-oblong_ or lance-oblong, _acute, narrowed toward the base, very smooth_, with somewhat revolute margins; pedicels viscid; corolla bell-shaped, 1' broad, pale rose-color or nearly white, greenish in the throat on the upper side, and spotted with yellow or reddish.--Damp deep woods, rare from Maine to Ohio, but very common through the Alleghanies from N. Y. to Ga. July.--Shrub or tree 6--35 deg. high.

7. R. Catawbiense, Michx. _Leaves oval or oblong, rounded at both ends, smooth_, pale beneath (3--5' long); corolla broadly bell-shaped, lilac-purple; pedicels rusty-downy.--High Alleghanies, Va. to Ga. June. Shrub 3--6 deg. (rarely 20 deg.) high.

8. R. Lapponicum, Wahl. _Dwarf_, prostrate in broad tufts (6' high); _leaves_ (1/2' long) _elliptical, obtuse, dotted_ (like the branches) with rusty scales; umbels few-flowered; corolla open bell-shaped, dotted, violet-purple; _stamens_ 5--10.--Alpine summits of northern N. Y. and N. Eng., to the Arctic Coast. July. (Arct. Eu. and Asia.)

17. LEDUM, L. LABRADOR TEA.

Calyx 5-toothed, very small. Corolla of 5 obovate and spreading distinct petals. Stamens 5--10; anthers opening by terminal pores. Capsule 5-celled, splitting from the base upward, many-seeded; placentae borne on the summit of the columella.--Low shrubs, with the alternate entire leaves clothed with rusty wool underneath, persistent, the margins revolute; herbage slightly fragrant when bruised. Flowers white, small, in terminal umbel-like clusters from large scaly buds; bracts or scales thin and caducous. ([Greek: Le~don], the ancient Greek name of the Cistus.)

1. L. latifolium, Ait. Erect, 1--3 deg. high; leaves oblong or linear-oblong (1--2' long), mostly 1/2' wide, very obtuse; stamens 5--7; capsule oblong, acutish.--N. Eng. to Penn., Mich., Minn., and northward, in cold bogs and mountain woods.

L. PALUSTRE, L., with linear leaves, 10 stamens, and short-oval capsule, is found in Newfoundland and northwestward. (Eu.)

18. LEIOPHYLLUM, Pers. SAND MYRTLE.

Calyx 5-parted. Corolla of 5 distinct obovate-oblong petals, spreading. Stamens 10, exserted; anthers opening lengthwise. Style filiform. Capsule 2--3-celled, splitting from the apex downward, many-seeded.--A low much-branched evergreen, with the aspect, foliage, etc., of the last genus, but the crowded leaves sometimes opposite, scarcely petioled. Flowers small, white, in terminal umbel-like clusters. (Name formed of [Greek: lei~os], _smooth_, and [Greek: phy/llon], _leaf_.)

1. L. buxifolium, Ell. Shrub 6--10' high; leaves oval or oblong, smooth and shining, 3--6'' long.--Sandy pine barrens, N. J. to Fla. May.

19. LOISELEURIA, Desv. ALPINE AZALEA.

Calyx 5-parted, nearly as long as the bell-shaped and deeply 5-cleft regular corolla. Stamens 5, not declined, included; anthers opening lengthwise. Style short. Capsule ovoid, 2--3-celled, many-seeded, 2--3-valved; valves 2-cleft from the apex; placentae borne on the middle of the columella.--A small depressed shrubby evergreen, much branched and tufted, smooth, with coriaceous opposite elliptical leaves, on short petioles, with revolute margins. Flowers small, white or rose-color, 2--5 in a cluster, from a terminal scaly bud; scales or bracts thick and persistent. (Named for _Loiseleur-Delongchamps_, a French botanist.)

1. L. procumbens, Desv.--Alpine summits of the White Mountains, N. H., and northward. June. (Eu., Asia.)

20. CLETHRA, Gronov. WHITE ALDER.

Calyx of 5 sepals, imbricated in the bud. Corolla of 5 distinct obovate-oblong petals. Stamens 10, often exserted; anthers arrow-shaped, erect in the bud, becoming inverted and opening by basal pores or short slits. Style slender, 3-cleft at the apex. Capsule 3-valved, 3-celled, many-seeded, enclosed in the calyx.--Shrubs or trees, with alternate serrate deciduous leaves, and white flowers in terminal hoary racemes. Bracts deciduous. ([Greek: Kle/thra], the ancient Greek name of the Alder, which this genus somewhat resembles in foliage.)

1. C. alnifolia, L. (SWEET PEPPERBUSH.) Shrub 3--10 deg. high; _leaves wedge-obovate, sharply serrate_, entire toward the base, prominently straight-veined, smooth, green both sides, _racemes upright_, panicled; _bracts shorter than the flowers_; filaments smooth.--Wet copses, Maine to Va., near the coast, and southward. Covered in July and August with handsome fragrant blossoms.

2. C. acuminata, Michx. A tall shrub or small tree; _leaves oval or oblong, pointed_, thin, finely serrate (3--7' long), pale beneath; _racemes solitary, drooping; bracts longer than the flowers_; filaments and pods hairy.--Woods in the Alleghanies, Va. to Ga. July.

21. CHIMAPHILA, Pursh. PIPSISSEWA.

Petals 5, concave, orbicular, widely spreading. Stamens 10; filaments enlarged and hairy in the middle; anthers as in Pyrola, but more or less conspicuously 2-horned. Style very short, inversely conical, nearly immersed in the depressed summit of the globular ovary; stigma broad and orbicular, disk-shaped, the border 5-crenate. Capsule, etc., as in Pyrola, but splitting from the apex downward, the edges of the valves not woolly.--Low, nearly herbaceous plants, with long running underground shoots, and evergreen thick and shining leaves, somewhat whorled or scattered along the short ascending stems; the fragrant (white or purplish) flowers corymbed or umbelled on a terminal peduncle. (Name from [Greek: chei~ma], _winter_, and [Greek: phile/o], _to love_, in allusion to one of the popular names, viz., _Wintergreen_.)

1. C. umbellata, Nutt. (PRINCE'S PINE. PIPSISSEWA.) Leafy, 4--10' high; _leaves wedge-lanceolate_, sharply serrate, _not spotted_; peduncles 4--7-flowered; petals flesh-color; anthers violet.--Dry woods, Nova Scotia to Ga., west to the Pacific. June. (Eu.)

2. C. maculata, Pursh. (SPOTTED WINTERGREEN.) _Leaves ovate-lanceolate, obtuse at the base_, remotely toothed, _the upper surface variegated with white_; peduncles 1--5-flowered.--Dry woods, N. Eng. to Ga., west to Minn. and Miss. June, July.--Plant 3--6' high.

22. MONESES, Salisb. ONE-FLOWERED PYROLA.

Petals 5, widely spreading, orbicular. Filaments awl-shaped, naked; anthers as in Pyrola, but conspicuously 2-horned. Style straight, exserted; stigma large, peltate, with 5 narrow and conspicuous radiating lobes. Valves of the capsule naked. (Flowers occasionally tetramerous.) Scape 1-flowered. Otherwise as Pyrola; intermediate between it and Chimaphila. (Name formed of [Greek: mo/nos], _single_, and [Greek: e( sis], _delight_, from the pretty solitary flower.)

1. M. grandiflora, Salisb. A small perennial, with the rounded and veiny serrate thin leaves (6--9'' long) clustered at the ascending apex of creeping subterranean shoots; the 1--2-bracted scape (2--4' high) bearing a white or rose-colored terminal flower 6'' wide. (M. uniflora, _Gray_.)--Deep cold woods, Labrador to Penn., Ind., Minn., and westward. June. (Eu.)

23. PYROLA, Tourn. WINTERGREEN. SHIN-LEAF.

Calyx 5-parted, persistent. Petals 5, concave and more or less converging, deciduous. Stamens 10; filaments awl-shaped, naked; anthers extrorse in the bud, but in the flower inverted by the inflexion of the apex of the filament, more or less 4-celled, opening by a pair of pores at the blunt or somewhat 2-horned base (by inversion the apparent apex). Style generally long; stigma 5-lobed or 5-rayed. Capsule depressed-globose, 5-lobed, 5-celled, 5-valved from the base upward (loculicidal); the valves cobwebby on the edges. Seeds minute, innumerable, resembling sawdust, with a very loose cellular-reticulated coat.--Low and smooth perennial herbs, with running subterranean shoots, bearing a cluster of rounded petioled evergreen root-leaves, and a simple raceme of nodding flowers, on an upright more or less scaly-bracted scape. (Name a diminutive of _Pyrus_, the Pear-tree, from some fancied resemblance in the foliage.)

[*] _Style straight, much narrower than the peltate 5-rayed stigma, petals and stamens erect and connivent; anthers not narrowed below the openings._

1. P. minor, L. Scape 5--10' high; _leaves roundish_, slightly crenulate, thickish, mostly longer than the margined petiole; flowers small, crowded, white or rose-color; calyx-lobes triangular-ovate, very much shorter than the nearly _globose corolla; style short and included_.--Cold woods, Lab., White Mts., L. Superior, and northward.

2. P. secunda, L. Subcaulescent, 3--6' high; _leaves ovate, thin_, longer than the petiole, scattered, _finely serrate_; racemes dense and spike-like, the numerous small (greenish-white) _flowers all turned to one side_, scarcely nodding; calyx-lobes ovate, very much shorter than the oblong-oval petals; _style long, exserted_.--Rich woods, Lab. to Minn., south to Md., and far northward. July. (Eu.)

Var. pumila, Gray, is a smaller form, with rounded leaves 6'' or little more in diameter, and 3--8-flowered scape.--High peat-bogs, N. Y. to L. Superior, and northward. July, Aug.

[*][*] _Style strongly declined, the apex curved upward, longer than the connivent or spreading petals; stigma much narrower than the truncate excavated ring-like apex of the style; anthers contracted below the openings, forming a short neck; leaves denticulate or entire._

[+] _Petals and leaves acute, the latter ovate, coriaceous._

3. P. oxypetala, C. F. Austin. Leaves ovate, small (8--12'' long), shorter than the slender petiole; scape (7--8' high) several-flowered; flowers on ascending pedicels, not nodding; calyx-lobes triangular-ovate, acute, short; petals lanceolate-oblong, acuminate, greenish; anthers conspicuously mucronate at the apex, obtusely 2-horned at base, not inverted; style straightish, scarcely exserted.--Wooded hill near Deposit, Delaware Co., N. Y. (_C. F. Austin_, in 1860). Not since found; probably monstrous.

[+][+] _Petals and leaves orbicular to oblong, very obtuse._

4. P. chlorantha, Swartz. _Leaves small_ (1' long), _roundish, thick, dull, shorter than the petiole; scape few-flowered_, naked (5--8' high); _calyx-lobes roundish-ovate, very short_; the elliptical petals converging (greenish-white); _anther-cells contracted into a distinct neck_; style little exserted.--Open woods, Lab. to Penn., Minn., north and westward. June, July.

5. P. elliptica, Nutt. (SHIN-LEAF.) _Leaves thin and dull, elliptical or obovate-oval, longer than the margined petiole_; raceme many-flowered; _calyx-lobes ovate, acute, not one fourth the length of the_ obovate rather spreading (greenish-white) _petals; anther-cells blunt_.--Rich woods, N. Eng. to Md., Iowa, Minn., and northward. June.

6. P. rotundifolia, L. _Leaves orbicular, thick, shining_, usually shorter than the petiole; scape many-bracted (6--12' high), raceme elongated, many-flowered; _calyx-lobes lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate_, acutish, with somewhat spreading tips, _one half or one third the length of the_ roundish-obovate rather spreading (chiefly white) _petals; anther-cells nearly blunt_.--Damp or sandy woods, throughout the continent, south to N. Ga. Exhibits many varieties, such as, Var. INCARNATA, DC., with flesh-colored to rose-purple flowers, and triangular-lanceolate calyx-lobes. Cold woods and bogs, N. Eng. to Minn., and northward.--Var. ASARIFOLIA, Hook., with oblate or round-reniform leaves, and shorter ovate calyx-lobes; petals flesh- or rose-colored (rarely white). With same range.--Var. ULIGINOSA, Gray, with short broadly ovate calyx-lobes, subcordate to obovate dull leaves, and rose-colored or purple flowers. Same range. (Eu.)

24. PTEROSPORA, Nutt. PINE-DROPS.

Calyx 5-parted. Corolla ovate, urn-shaped, 5-toothed, persistent. Stamens 10; anthers 2-celled, awned on the back, opening lengthwise. Style short; stigma 5-lobed. Capsule globose, depressed, 5-lobed, 5-celled, loculicidal, but the valves cohering with the columella. Seeds very numerous, ovoid, tapering to each end, the apex expanded into a broad reticulated wing many times larger than the body of the seed.--A stout and simple purplish-brown clammy-pubescent root-parasitic herb (1--2 deg. high); the wand-like stem furnished towards the base with scattered lanceolate scales in place of leaves, above bearing many nodding (white) flowers, in a long bracted raceme. (Name from [Greek: ptero/n], _a wing_, and [Greek: spora/], _seed_, alluding to the singular wing borne by the seeds.)

1. P. Andromedea, Nutt.--Hard clay soil, parasitic apparently on the roots of pines, from W. New Eng. to N. Penn., N. Mich., and westward; rare.

25. SCHWEINITZIA, Ell. SWEET PINE-SAP.

Calyx of 5 oblong-lanceolate acute scale-like sepals, erect, persistent. Corolla persistent, bell-shaped, rather fleshy, 5-lobed, slightly 5-gibbous at the base. Stamens 10; anthers much shorter than the filaments, fixed near the summit, awnless; the two sac-shaped cells opening at the top. Capsule ovoid, 5-celled, with a short and thick style, and a large 5-angular stigma. Seeds innumerable.--A low and smooth brownish plant, 3--4' high, with the aspect of Monotropa, scaly-bracted, the flowers several in a terminal spike, at first nodding, flesh-color, with the fragrance of violets. (Named for the late _L. D. von Schweinitz_.)

1. S. odorata, Ell.--Woods, parasitic on the roots of herbs, Md. (near Baltimore) to N. C. April.

26. MONOTROPA, L. INDIAN PIPE. PINE-SAP.

Calyx of 2--5 lanceolate bract-like scales, deciduous. Corolla of 4 or 5 separate erect spatulate or wedge-shaped scale-like petals, which are gibbous or saccate at the base, and tardily deciduous. Stamens 8 or 10; filaments awl-shaped; anthers kidney-shaped, becoming 1-celled, opening across the top. Style columnar; stigma disk-like, 4--5-rayed. Capsule ovoid, 8--10-grooved, 4--5-celled, loculicidal; the very thick placentae covered with innumerable minute seeds, which have a very loose coat.--Low and fleshy herbs, tawny, reddish, or white, parasitic on roots, or growing on decomposing vegetable matter like a Fungus; the clustered stems springing from a ball of matted fibrous rootlets, furnished with scales or bracts in place of leaves, 1--several-flowered; the summit at first nodding, in fruit erect. (Name composed of [Greek: mo/nos], _one_, and [Greek: tro/pos], _turn_, from the summit of the stem turned to one side.)

Sec. 1. MONOTROPA proper. _Plant inodorous, 1-flowered; calyx of 2--4 irregular scales or bracts; anthers transverse, opening equally by 2 chinks; style short and thick._

1. M. uniflora, L. (INDIAN PIPE. CORPSE-PLANT.) Smooth, waxy-white (turning blackish in drying, 3--8' high); stigma naked.--Dark and rich woods, nearly throughout the continent. June--Aug. (Asia.)

Sec. 2. HYPOPITYS. _Plant commonly fragrant; flowers several in a scaly raceme; the terminal one usually 5-merous, the rest 3--4-merous; bract-like sepals mostly as many as the petals; anthers opening by a continuous line into 2 very unequal valves; style longer than the ovary, hollow._

2. M. Hypopitys, L. (PINE-SAP. FALSE BEECH-DROPS.) Somewhat pubescent or downy, tawny, whitish, or reddish (4--12' high); pod globular or oval; stigma ciliate.--Oak and pine woods, from Canada to Fla., west to Oregon. June--Aug. (Eu.)

ORDER 59. DIAPENSIACEAE.

_Low perennial herbs or suffruticulose tufted plants, glabrous or nearly so, with simple leaves, no stipules, regular 5-merous flowers (except the 3-celled ovary), stamens adnate to the corolla and sometimes monadelphous (those opposite its lobes when present reduced to staminodia); pollen simple; loculicidal capsule and seeds of_ Ericaceae.--Flowers solitary or racemose. Style 1, with 3-lobed stigma. Distinguished from the Ericaceae chiefly by the insertion of the stamens upon the corolla.

Tribe I. DIAPENSIEAE. Dwarf woody evergreens, with small entire crowded coriaceous leaves. Staminodia none; filaments adnate to the campanulate corolla up to the sinuses; anthers 2-celled. Calyx conspicuously bracteolate. Flowers solitary.

1. Pyxidanthera. Flowers sessile on short leafy branchlets. Anther-cells awn-pointed at base, opening transversely.

2. Diapensia. Flower (or at least fruit) on a scape-like peduncle. Anther-cells blunt, obliquely dehiscent.

Tribe II. GALACINEAE. Acaulescent, with creeping rootstocks sending up long-petioled evergreen leaves, and a 1--several-flowered scape. Staminodia present.

3. Galax. Calyx minutely 2-bracteolate. Stamens monadelphous; anthers 1 celled.

1. PYXIDANTHERA, Michx.

Sepals thin. Anther-cells awn-pointed at base, opening by a strictly transverse line. Otherwise much as in Diapensia.--Prostrate and creeping, with narrowly oblanceolate and awl-pointed leaves, mostly alternate on the sterile branches and somewhat hairy near the base. Flowers solitary and sessile, very numerous, white or rose-color. (Name from [Greek: pyxi/s], _a small box_, and [Greek: a)nthe/ra], _anther_, the anther opening as if by a lid.)

1. P. barbulata, Michx. (FLOWERING MOSS. PYXIE.) Leaves 3'' long.--Sandy pine barrens of N. J. to N. C. April, May.

2. DIAPENSIA, L.

Calyx of 5 concave imbricated coriaceous sepals. Corolla bell-shaped, 5-lobed; lobes rounded. Filaments broad and flat, adherent to the corolla up to the sinuses, short; anthers adnate, of 2 ovoid pointless cells, diverging below, each opening therefore by a transverse-descending line. Capsule, enclosed in the calyx, cartilaginous; cells few-seeded.--Alpine, growing in very dense convex tufts, with the stems imbricated below with cartilaginous narrowly spatulate mostly opposite leaves, terminated by a scape-like 1-flowered peduncle, 3-bracted under the calyx. Corolla white (1/2' wide). (Said to be an ancient Greek name of the Sanicle, of obscure meaning, strangely applied by Linnaeus to this plant.)

1. D. Lapponica, L. Leaves 3--5'' long; peduncle at length 1--2' long.--Alpine summits of N Eng. and N. Y., and northward to Lab. and the Arctic coast. July. (Eu., Asia.)

3. GALAX, L.