Part 27

[*] _Seed adherent to the pericarp; oil-tubes one to several in the intervals; uppermost leaves mostly reduced to large inflated petioles._

1. A. Curtisii, Buckley. Glabrous; leaves twice ternate or the divisions quinate; _leaflets thin_, ovate-lanceolate (_1--3' broad), sharply and irregularly toothed; fruit glabrous_, 11/2--3'' broad; oil-tubes mostly one in the intervals (sometimes 2 or 3).--Along the Alleghanies from Penn. to N. C. Aug.

2. A. hirsuta, Muhl. _Pubescent above_; leaves twice pinnately or ternately divided; _leaflets thickish_, lanceolate to oblong (_5--10'' broad), serrate; fruit pubescent_, 2'' broad; oil-tubes 3--6 in the intervals. (Archangelica hirsuta, _Torr. & Gray_.)--Dry ground, Conn. to Minn., Tenn., and Fla. July.

[*][*] _Seed loose; oil-tubes indefinite (25--30); upper petioles not so prominent._

3. A. atropurpurea, L. Very stout, glabrous throughout, with dark purple stem; leaves 2--3-ternately divided, the pinnate segments of 5--7 lanceolate to ovate leaflets (1--11/2' broad), sharply mucronate-serrate. (Archangelica atropurpurea, _Hoffm._)--River-banks, Lab. to Del., Ill. and Minn. June.

4. CONIOSELINUM, Fisch. HEMLOCK-PARSLEY.

Calyx-teeth obsolete. Stylopodium slightly conical. Fruit oval, flattened dorsally, glabrous, the dorsal ribs very prominent, the lateral ones extended into broad wings; oil-tubes 1--4 in the intervals, 4--8 on the commissure; seed slightly concave on the inner face.--Tall slender glabrous perennial, with finely 2--3-pinnately compound leaves, few-leaved involucre or none, involucels of elongated linear-setaceous bractlets, and white flowers. (Compounded of _Conium_ and _Selinum_, from its resemblance to these genera.)

1. C. Canadense, Torr. & Gray. Leaflets pinnatifid; wings nearly as broad as the seed; oil-tubes 2--3 in the intervals, sometimes 1 or 4.--Swamps and cold cliffs, from Maine to Minn., southward to N. C. (in the higher mountains), Ind., Ill., and Mo. Aug.--Oct.

5. TIEDEMANNIA, DC.

Calyx-teeth evident. Fruit ovate to obovate, flattened dorsally; dorsal ribs filiform, the lateral broadly winged, closely contiguous and strongly nerved next to the body (giving the appearance of 5 dorsal ribs); oil-tubes solitary in the intervals, 2--6 on the commissure; stylopodium short, thick-conical.--Glabrous erect aquatic herbs, with leaves reduced to petioles or of few narrow leaflets; involucre and involucels present, and flowers white. (Dedicated to the anatomist _Prof. Tiedemann_, of Heidelberg.)

1. T. teretifolia, DC. Stem hollow, 2--6 deg. high; _leaves reduced to cylindrical hollow pointed nodose petioles_; oil-tubes filling the intervals.--Ponds and swamps, Del. to Fla., and west to La. Aug., Sept.

2. T. rigida, Coult. & Rose. (COWBANE.) Stem 2--5 deg. high; _leaves simply pinnate_, with 3--9 linear to lanceolate entire or remotely toothed leaflets; oil-tubes mostly small. (Archemora rigida, _DC._)--Swamps, N. Y. to Minn., south to the Gulf. Aug. Poisonous; roots tuberiferous.

6. HERACLEUM, L. COW-PARSNIP.

Calyx-teeth minute. Fruit broadly oval or obovate, like Pastinaca, but with a thick conical stylopodium, and the conspicuous obclavate oil-tubes extending scarcely below the middle.--Tall stout perennial, with large ternately compound leaves, broad umbels, deciduous involucre, and many-leaved involucels, white flowers, and obcordate petals, the outer ones commonly larger and 2-cleft. (Dedicated to _Hercules_.)

1. H. lanatum, Michx. Woolly; stem grooved, 4--8 deg. high; leaflets broad, irregularly cut-toothed.--Wet ground, Newf. to the Pacific, and southward to N. C., Ky., and Kan. June.

7. PASTINACA, L. PARSNIP.

Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit oval, very much flattened dorsally; dorsal ribs filiform, the lateral extended into broad wings, which are strongly nerved toward the outer margin; oil-tubes small, solitary in the intervals, 2--4 on the commissure; stylopodium depressed.--Tall stout glabrous biennial, with pinnately compound leaves, mostly no involucre or involucels, and yellow flowers. (The Latin name, from _pastus_, food.)

P. SATIVA, L. Stem grooved; leaflets ovate to oblong, cut-toothed.--Introduced everywhere. (Adv. from Eu.)

8. POLYTAENIA, DC.

Calyx-teeth conspicuous. Fruit obovate to oval, much flattened dorsally; dorsal ribs small or obscure in the depressed back, the lateral with broad thick corky closely contiguous wings forming the margin of the fruit; oil-tubes 12--18 about the seed and many scattered through the thick corky pericarp.--A perennial mostly glabrous herb, with 2-pinnate leaves (upper opposite and 3-cleft), the segments cuneate and incised, no involucre, narrow involucels, and bright yellow flowers in May. (Named from [Greek: poly/s], _many_, and [Greek: taini/a], _a fillet_, alluding to the numerous oil-tubes.)

1. P. Nuttallii, DC. Plant 2--3 deg. high; pedicels and involucels pubescent.--Barrens, Mich, to N. Ala., west to the Rocky Mts.

9. PEUCEDANUM, L.

Calyx-teeth mostly obsolete. Fruit roundish to oblong, much flattened dorsally; dorsal ribs filiform and approximate; the lateral extended into broad closely coherent wings; oil-tubes 1--4 in the intervals, 2--6 on the commissure.--Dry ground acaulescent (or short caulescent) herbs, with fusiform roots, dissected leaves, no involucre, yellow or white flowers, and stylopodium depressed or wanting. (The ancient Greek name.)

1. P. nudicaule, Nutt. Pubescent, with peduncles 3--8' high; _leaves bipinnate, the small oblong segments entire or toothed; involucels of scarious-margined (often purplish) lanceolate bractlets; flowers white or pinkish; fruit almost round_, emarginate at base, _glabrous_, with wings hardly as broad as the body, and _indistinct or obsolete dorsal ribs; oil-tubes solitary in the intervals_.--Minn. to Iowa and Kan., and westward. One of the earliest spring bloomers.

2. P. foeniculaceum, Nutt. Tomentose or glabrous, with peduncles 8--12' long; _leaves finely dissected, with short filiform segments; involucels gamophyllous, 5--7-cleft, with conspicuously hairy margins; flowers yellow; fruit broadly oblong, glabrous_, with wings half as broad as the body, and _prominent dorsal ribs; oil-tubes 1--3 in the intervals_.--Minn. to Tex. March--April.

3. P. villosum, Nutt. More or less pubescent throughout, 3--8' high; _leaves finely dissected, with very numerous narrow crowded segments; involucels of ovate to linear bractlets; flowers yellow; fruit oval_, with wings half as broad as the body, and _prominent dorsal ribs; oil-tubes 3 or 4 in the intervals_.--Minn. to Neb. and Dak., southwestward to Ariz. Root much elongated.

10. CYMOPTERUS, Raf.

Calyx-teeth more or less prominent. Fruit usually globose, with all the ribs conspicuously winged; oil-tubes one to several in the intervals, 2--8 on the commissure. Stylopodium depressed. Seed-face slightly concave.--Mostly low (often cespitose) glabrous perennials, from a thick elongated root, more or less pinnately compound leaves, with or without an involucre, prominent involucels, and white flowers (in ours). (From [Greek: ky~ma], _a wave_, and [Greek: ptero/n], _a wing_, referring to the often undulate wings.)

1. C. glomeratus, Raf. Low (3--8'), with a short erect caudex bearing leaves and peduncles at the summit, glabrous; rays and pedicels very short, _making a compact cluster; involucre none; involucel of a single palmately 5--7-parted bractlet_; fruit globose (3--4'' in diam.); wings rather corky; _oil-tubes 4 or 5 in the intervals_.--Minn. and Wisc. to Iowa and Ark., and westward.

2. C. montanus, Torr. & Gray. Of similar habit (1--6' high), glaucous and mostly glabrous; _rays 3--9'' long_, pedicels very short; _involucre and involucels of mostly broad membranaceous usually green-veined bracts_ (more or less united); fruit oblong to orbicular in outline (3--6'' long); wings thin; _oil-tubes 1--3 in the intervals_.--Neb. to central Kan., Tex., and westward. April.

11. THASPIUM, Nutt. MEADOW-PARSNIP.

Calyx-teeth conspicuous. Fruit ovoid to oblong, slightly flattened dorsally; carpel with 3 or 4 or all the ribs strongly winged; oil-tubes solitary in the intervals, 2 on the commissure. Stylopodium wanting; styles long.--Perennials (2--5 deg. high), with ternately divided leaves (or the lower simple) and broad serrate or toothed leaflets, mostly yellow flowers, and all the fruit pedicelled. (Name a play upon _Thapsia_, so called from the island of Thapsus.)

1. T. aureum, Nutt. _Glabrous; root-leaves mostly cordate, serrate; stem-leaves simply ternate_ (rarely biternate); leaflets ovate to lanceolate, round or tapering at base, serrate; _flowers deep yellow_; fruit globose-ovoid, about 2'' long, _all the ribs equally winged_.--Thickets and woodlands, throughout the Atlantic States and west into the Miss. Valley. Fl. in summer and maturing fruit in late summer or autumn. Very variable, an extreme form being

Var. trifoliatum, Coult. & Rose. Leaves or leaflets crenate or crenately toothed. (T. trifoliatum, _Gray_, Man., in part.)--Ohio to Ill., westward to Oregon. The common western form.

Var. atropurpureum, Coult. & Rose. Petals dark-purple. (T. trifoliatum, var. atropurpureum, _Gray_, Man.)--Same range as the species.

2. T. barbinode, Nutt. Loosely branched, _pubescent on the joints_, sometimes puberulent in the umbels; _leaves 1--3-ternate; leaflets ovate to lanceolate_, acute, with cuneate base, coarsely cut-serrate, often ternately cleft or parted; _flowers light yellow_; fruit broadly oblong, about 3'' long and 2'' broad, _with mostly 7 prominent wings_.--Banks of streams, N. Y. to Minn., and southward. May--June.--Var. ANGUSTIFOLIUM, Coult. & Rose, has narrower, more sharply cut leaflets, and fruit more or less puberulent.--Penn. to Ill.

3. T. pinnatifidum, Gray. Resembling the last, but _puberulent on the branchlets, umbels, and fruit, with fewer leaves; leaflets 1--2-pinnatifid_, the lobes linear or oblong; one or two leaves near the base often very large and long-petioled; flowers light yellow; fruit oblong, 11/2--21/2'' long and 1--11/2'' broad, _all the ribs winged_, generally three of them narrowly so. (T. Walteri, _Shuttlew._ in herb.)--Barrens and mountains, Ky. to Tenn. and N. C.

12. LIGUSTICUM, L. LOVAGE.

Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit oblong or ovate, flattened laterally if at all, glabrous; carpels with prominent equal acute ribs and broad intervals; oil-tubes 2--6 in the intervals, 6--10 on the commissure. Stylopodium conical.--Smooth perennials, from large aromatic roots, with large ternately compound leaves, mostly no involucre, involucels of narrow bractlets, and white flowers in large many-rayed umbels. (Named from the country _Liguria_, where the officinal _Lovage_ of the gardens abounds.)

1. L. actaeifolium, Michx. (NONDO. ANGELICO.) Stem stout, branched above (2--6 deg. high); _leaves very large, 3--4-ternate; leaflets broadly oblong (2--5' long), coarsely serrate; fruit ovate (2--3'' long)_; seed with angled back.--Rich ground, S. Penn. to Ky., southward to the Gulf.

2. L. Scoticum, L. (SCOTCH LOVAGE.) Stem simple (1--2 deg. high); _leaves biternate; leaflets ovate (1--2' long), coarsely toothed; fruit narrowly oblong (4--5'' long)_; seed with round back.--Salt marshes, along the coast from Nantucket northward. Aug. (Eu.)

13. AETHUSA, L. FOOL'S PARSLEY.

Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit ovate-globose, slightly flattened dorsally; carpel with 5 thick sharp ribs; oil-tubes solitary in the intervals, 2 on the commissure.--Poisonous annuals, with 2--3-ternately compound leaves, divisions pinnate, ultimate segments small and many cleft, no involucre, long narrow involucels, and white flowers. (Name from [Greek: ai)/tho], _to burn_, from the acrid taste.)

AE. CYNAPIUM, L. A fetid, poisonous European herb, in cultivated grounds, from N. Eng. and Penn. to Minn. June--Aug.

14. COELOPLEURUM, Ledeb.

Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit globose to oblong, with very prominent nearly equal thick corky ribs (none of them winged); oil-tubes solitary in the intervals and under the ribs, 2 on the commissure. Seed loose in the pericarp.--Stout glabrous (or inflorescence puberulent) sea-coast perennial, with 2--3-ternate leaves on very large inflated petioles, few-leaved deciduous involucre, involucels of numerous small linear-lanceolate bractlets (rarely conspicuous or even leaf-like), and greenish-white flowers in many-rayed umbels. (From [Greek: koi~los], _hollow_, and [Greek: pleuro/n], _a rib_.)

1. C. Gmelini, Ledeb. Stem 1--3 deg. high; leaflets ovate, irregularly cut-serrate (2--21/2' long); fruit 2--31/2'' long. (Archangelica Gmelini, _DC._)--Rocky coasts, Mass. to Greenland.

15. CRANTZIA, Nutt.

Calyx-teeth small. Fruit globose or slightly flattened laterally; dorsal ribs filiform, the lateral thick and corky; oil-tubes solitary in the intervals, 2 on the commissure.--Small perennials, creeping and rooting in the mud, with hollow cylindrical or awl-shaped nodose petioles in place of leaves, simple few-flowered umbels, and white flowers. (Named for _Prof. Henry John Crantz_, an Austrian botanist of the 18th century.)

1. C. lineata, Nutt. Leaves very obtuse, 1--3' long, 1--2'' broad; fruit 1'' long, the thick lateral wings forming a corky margin.--In brackish marshes along the coast, from Mass. to Miss. July. Very widely distributed.

16. FOENICULUM, Adans. FENNEL.

Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit oblong, glabrous, with prominent ribs and solitary oil-tubes.--Stout glabrous aromatic herb, with leaves dissected into numerous filiform segments, no involucre nor involucels, and large umbels of yellow flowers. (The Latin name, from _foenum_, hay.)

F. OFFICINALE, All., the cultivated fennel from Europe, has become naturalized along the shores of Md. and Va., and is a common escape.

17. PIMPINELLA, L.

Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit oblong to ovate, glabrous, with slender equal ribs, numerous oil-tubes, and depressed or cushion-like stylopodium.--Glabrous perennials, with ternately or pinnately compound leaves, involucre and involucels scanty or none, and white or yellow flowers. (Name said to be formed from _bipinnula_, referring to the bipinnate leaves.)

1. P. integerrima, Benth. & Hook. Glaucous, 1--3 deg. high, slender, branching; leaves 2--3-ternate, with lanceolate to ovate entire leaflets; flowers yellow; fruit broadly oblong, 2'' long; stylopodium small or wanting. (Zizia integerrima, _DC._)--Rocky hillsides, Atlantic States to Minn., E. Kan., and Ark. May.

P. SAXIFRAGA, L., var. MAJOR, Koch. Leaves simply pinnate, with sharply toothed leaflets; flowers white; fruit oblong, 1'' long; stylopodium cushion-like.--Rocky shores of Delaware River; Sycamore, Ohio. (Nat. from Eu.)

18. EULOPHUS, Nutt.

Calyx-teeth prominent. Fruit ovate or oblong, glabrous, with equal filiform ribs; oil-tubes 1--5 in the intervals; stylopodium conical, with long recurved styles; seed-face broadly concave, with a central longitudinal ridge.--Glabrous perennials (3--5 deg. high) from deep-seated fascicled tubers, with pinnately or ternately compound leaves, involucels of numerous narrowly lanceolate acuminate bractlets, and long-peduncled umbels of white flowers. (Name from [Greek: eu~)], _well_, and [Greek: lo/phos], _a crest_,--not well applied to a plant with no crest at all.)

1. E. Americanus, Nutt. Radical and lower stem-leaves large, 1--2-pinnately compound, with leaflets cut into short narrow segments; upper stem-leaves ternate, with narrowly linear elongated leaflets; fruit 2--3'' long.--Ohio to Ill. and Mo., south to Tenn. and Ark. July.

19. ANTHRISCUS, Hoffm. CHERVIL.

Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit linear, notched at base, long-beaked, glabrous, without ribs (but beak ribbed); oil-tubes none, stylopodium conical, seed-face sulcate.--Resembling _Chaerophyllum_ in vegetative characters. (The ancient Roman name.)

A. CEREFOLIUM, Hoffm. Mature fruit smooth and shining. (Chaerophyllum sativum, _L._)--Naturalized in E. Penn. (From Eu.)

20. BUPLEURUM, L. THOROUGH-WAX.

Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit oblong, with very slender ribs, no oil-tubes, depressed stylopodium, and seed-face somewhat concave.--Smooth annual, with ovate perfoliate entire leaves, no involucre, involucels of 5 very conspicuous ovate mucronate bractlets, and yellow flowers. (Name from [Greek: bou~s], _an ox_, and [Greek: pleuro/n], _a rib_.)

B. ROTUNDIFOLIUM, L., is very common in fields and cultivated ground, N. Y. to N. C., west to Mo. and Ark. (Nat. from Eu.)

21. CRYPTOTAENIA, DC. HONEWORT.

Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit linear-oblong, glabrous, with obtuse equal ribs; oil-tubes solitary in the intervals and beneath each rib; stylopodium slender-conical; seed-face plane.--A glabrous perennial, with thin 3-foliolate leaves, no involucre, involucels of minute bractlets or none, and white flowers. (Name from [Greek: krypto/s], _hidden_, and [Greek: taini/a], _a fillet_, referring to the concealed oil-tubes.)

1. C. Canadensis, DC. Plant 1--3 deg. high; leaflets large, ovate (2--4' long), pointed, doubly serrate, often lobed; umbels irregular and unequally few-rayed; pedicels very unequal; fruit 2--3'' long, often becoming curved.--N. Brunswick to Ga., west to Minn., E. Kan., and Tex. June--Sept.

22. SIUM, Tourn. WATER PARSNIP.

Calyx-teeth minute. Fruit ovate to oblong, glabrous, with prominent corky nearly equal ribs; oil-tubes 1--3 in the intervals; stylopodium depressed; seed-face plane.--Smooth perennials, growing in water or wet places, with pinnate leaves and serrate or pinnatifid leaflets, involucre and involucels of numerous narrow bracts, and white flowers. (From [Greek: si/on], the Greek name of some marsh plant.)

1. S. cicutaefolium, Gmelin. _Stout_, 2--6 deg. high; _leaflets 3--8 pairs_, linear to lanceolate, sharply serrate and mostly acuminate, _2--5' long_ (lower leaves sometimes submersed and finely dissected, as in the next); _fruit 11/2'' long_, with prominent ribs. (S. lineare, _Michx._)--Throughout N. America.

2. S. Carsonii, Durand. _Weak_, 1--2 deg. high; _leaflets 1--3 pairs_, linear, sharply serrate, _1--2' long; when submersed or floating, very thin, ovate to oblong, usually laciniately toothed or dissected_, the leaf sometimes reduced to the terminal leaflet; _fruit about 1'' long_.--Mass., R. I., Conn., and Penn.

23. BERULA, Koch.

Calyx-teeth minute. Fruit nearly round, emarginate at base, glabrous; carpels nearly globose, with very slender inconspicuous ribs and thick corky pericarp; oil-tubes numerous and contiguous about the seed-cavity; seed terete.--Smooth aquatic perennial, with simply pinnate leaves and variously cut leaflets, usually conspicuous involucre and involucels of narrow bracts, and white flowers. (The Latin name of the Water-cress, of Celtic origin.)

1. B. angustifolia, Koch. Erect, 1/2--3 deg. high, leaflets 5--9 pairs, linear to oblong or ovate, serrate to cut-toothed, often laciniately lobed, sometimes crenate (1/2--3' long); fruit scarcely 1'' long. (Sium angustifolium, _L_.)--Throughout the U. S. July, Aug.

24. ZIZIA, Koch.

Calyx-teeth prominent. Fruit ovate to oblong, glabrous, with filiform ribs; oil-tubes large and solitary in the broad intervals, and a small one in each rib; stylopodium wanting; seed terete.--Smooth perennials (1--3 deg. high), with mostly Thaspium-like leaves, no involucre, involucels of small bractlets, yellow flowers, and the central fruit of each umbellet sessile. Flowering in early spring in open prairies and upland meadows. (Named for _I. B. Ziz_, a Rhenish botanist.)

1. Z. aurea, Koch. _Leaves_ (except the uppermost) _2--3-ternate_ the radical very long-petioled; leaflets ovate to lanceolate, sharply serrate; rays 15--25, stout (1--2' long); _fruit oblong, about 2'' long_. (Thaspium aureum, var. apterum, _Gray_, Manual.)--Atlantic States, west to Minn. and Tex.

Var. Bebbii, Coult. & Rose. A more slender mountain form, with leaflets more coarsely serrate, the radical leaves smaller and more simple; rays 2--8, slender (2--3' long); fruit oval, 1--11/2'' long.--W. Va. and Va. to Ga.

2. Z. cordata, DC. Radical leaves mostly long-petioled, _cordate or even rounder, crenately toothed_, very rarely lobed or divided; _stem-leaves simply ternate or quinate_, with the ovate or lanceolate leaflets serrate, incised, or sometimes parted; _fruit ovate, 11/2'' long_. (Thaspium trifoliatum, var. apterum, _Gray_, Manual.)--Same range as the preceding, but extending farther westward.

25. CARUM, L. CARAWAY.

Calyx-teeth small. Fruit ovate or oblong, glabrous, with filiform or inconspicuous ribs; oil-tubes solitary; stylopodium conical; seed-face plane or nearly so.--Smooth erect slender herbs, with fusiform or tuberous roots, pinnate leaves, involucre and involucels of few to many bracts, and white (or yellowish) flowers. (Name perhaps from the country, _Caria_.)

C. CARUI, L. (CARAWAY.) Leaves pinnately compound, with filiform divisions.--Naturalized in many places, especially northward. (Nat. from Eu.)

C. PETROSELINUM, Benth., the common PARSLEY, from Europe, with 3-pinnate leaves, ovate 3-cleft leaflets, and greenish yellow flowers, is occasionally found as an escape from cultivation. (Petroselinum sativum, _Hoffm._)

26. CICUTA, L. WATER-HEMLOCK.

Calyx-teeth prominent. Fruit oblong to nearly orbicular, glabrous, with strong flattish corky ribs (the lateral largest); oil-tubes conspicuous, solitary; stylopodium depressed; seed nearly terete.--Smooth marsh perennials, very poisonous, with pinnately compound leaves and serrate leaflets, involucre usually none, involucels of several slender bractlets, and white flowers. (The ancient Latin name of the Hemlock.)

1. C. maculata, L. (SPOTTED COWBANE. MUSQUASH ROOT. BEAVER-POISON.) Stem _stout_, 2--6 deg. high, streaked with purple; leaves 2--3-pinnate, the lower on long petioles; _leaflets lanceolate_ to oblong-lanceolate (1--5' long), acuminate, coarsely serrate, the veins passing to the notches; pedicels in the umbellets numerous, very unequal; fruit broadly ovate to oval, 1--11/2'' long.--Throughout the U. S. Aug.

2. C. bulbifera, L. _Rather slender_, 1--3 deg. high; leaves 2--3-pinnate (sometimes appearing ternate); _leaflets linear_, sparsely toothed (1--2' long); _upper axils bearing clustered bulblets_; fruit (rare) scarcely 1'' long.--Common in swamps, N. Scotia to Del., west to Minn. and Iowa.

27. AEGOPODIUM, L. GOUTWEED.

Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit ovate, glabrous, with equal filiform ribs, and no oil-tubes; stylopodium conical and prominent; seed nearly terete.--A coarse glabrous perennial, with creeping rootstock, biternate leaves, sharply toothed ovate leaflets, and rather large naked umbels of white flowers. (Name from [Greek: ai)/x], _goat_, and [Greek: po/dion], _a little foot_, probably from the shape of the leaflets.)

AE. PODAGRARIA, L., a common and troublesome weed in Europe, is reported from R. I. to Del. and E. Penn.

28. LEPTOCAULIS, Nutt.

Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit very small, ovate, usually bristly or tuberculate, with somewhat prominent ribs; oil-tubes solitary in the intervals; stylopodium conical; seed-face plane or somewhat concave.--Very slender smooth branching annuals, with finely dissected leaves (segments filiform or linear), and small white flowers in very unequally few-rayed pedunculate umbels. (Name from [Greek: lepto/s], _slender_, and [Greek: kaulo/s], _a stem_.)

1. L. divaricatus, DC. Plant 1--2 deg. high, with branches and umbels diffusely spreading, the very slender rays 1/2--1' long and the longer pedicels often 3--6'' long; fruit tuberculate, 1/2'' long. (Apium divaricatum, _Benth. & Hook._)--N. C. to Fla., west to Ark. and Tex.; reported from Kan. April.

2. L. patens, Nutt. Of similar habit, but the umbels shorter and more strict, the rays 3--6'' long or less and the pedicels short; fruit densely sharp-tuberculate or nearly smooth. (Apiastrum patens, _Coult. & Rose._)--Central Neb. to Tex. and N. Mex.

29. DISCOPLEURA, DC. MOCK BISHOP-WEED.