Part 16

[*] _Flowers polygamous, in a terminal thyrsoid panicle; fruit globular, clothed with acid crimson hairs; stone smooth; leaves odd-pinnate. (Not poisonous.)_--(Sec. SUMAC, DC.)

1. R. typhina, L. (STAGHORN SUMACH.) _Branches and stalks densely velvety-hairy_; leaflets 11--31, pale beneath, oblong-lanceolate, pointed, serrate, rarely laciniate.--Hillsides. June.--Shrub or tree 10--30 deg. high, with orange-colored wood. Apparently hybridizes with the next.

2. R. glabra, L. (SMOOTH S.) _Smooth, somewhat glaucous_; leaflets 11--31, whitened beneath, lanceolate-oblong, pointed, serrate.--Rocky or barren soil. June, July.--Shrub 2--12 deg. high. A var. has laciniate leaflets.

3. R. copallina, L. (DWARF S.) _Branches and stalks downy; petioles wing-margined_ between the 9--21 oblong or ovate-lanceolate (often entire) leaflets, which are oblique or unequal at the base, smooth and shining above.--Rocky hills. July.--Shrub 1--7 deg. high, with running roots.

[*][*] _Flowers polygamous, in loose and slender axillary panicles; fruit globular, glabrous, whitish or dun-colored; the stone striate; leaves odd-pinnate or 3-foliolate, thin. (Poisonous.)_--(Sec. TOXICODENDRON, DC.)

4. R. venenata, DC. (POISON S. or DOGWOOD.) Smooth, or nearly so; _leaflets 7--13, obovate-oblong_, entire.--Swamps. June.--Shrub 6--18 deg. high. The most poisonous species; also called _Poison Elder_.

5. R. Toxicodendron, L. (POISON IVY. POISON OAK.) Climbing by rootlets over rocks, etc., or ascending trees, or sometimes low and erect; _leaflets 3, rhombic-ovate_, mostly pointed, and rather downy beneath, variously notched, sinuate, or cut-lobed,--high-climbing plants (R. radicans, _L._) having usually more entire leaves.--Thickets, low grounds, etc. June.

[*][*][*] _Flowers polygamo-dioecious, in small solitary or clustered spikes or heads which develop in spring before the leaves; leaves 3-foliolate; fruit as in first group. (Not poisonous)._--(Sec. LOBADIUM, Torr. & Gray.)

6. R. Canadensis, Marsh. Leaves soft-pubescent when young, becoming glabrate; leaflets rhombic-obovate or ovate, unequally cut-toothed, 1--3' long, the terminal one cuneate at base and sometimes 3-cleft; flowers pale yellow. (R. aromatica, _Ait._)--Dry rocky banks, W. Vt. to Minn., and southward.--A straggling bush, 3--7 deg. high; the crushed leaves not unpleasantly scented.

Var. trilobata, Gray. With smaller leaflets (1/2--1' long), crenately few-lobed or incised toward the summit.--Long Pine, Neb., and common westward. Unpleasantly scented.

Sec. 2. COTINUS. _Ovary becoming very gibbous in fruit, with the remains of the styles lateral; flowers in loose ample panicles, the pedicels elongating and becoming plumose; leaves simple, entire._

7. R. cotinoides, Nutt. Glabrous or nearly so; leaves thin, oval, 3--6' long; flowers and fruit as in the cultivated _Smoke-tree_ (R. Cotinus).--Mo. to Tenn., and southward.--A tree, 25--40 deg. high.

ORDER 31. POLYGALACEAE. (MILKWORT FAMILY.)

_Plants with irregular hypogynous flowers, 4--8 diadelphous or monadelphous stamens, their 1-celled anthers opening at the top by a pore or chink, the fruit a 2-celled and 2-seeded pod._

1. POLYGALA, Tourn. MILKWORT.

Flower very irregular. Calyx persistent, of 5 sepals, of which 3 (the upper and the 2 lower) are small and often greenish, while the two lateral or inner (called _wings_) are much larger, and colored like the petals. Petals 3, hypogynous, connected with each other and with the stamen-tube, the middle (lower) one keel-shaped and often crested on the back. Stamens 6 or 8; their filaments united below into a split sheath, or into 2 sets, cohering more or less with the petals, free above; anthers 1-celled, often cup-shaped, opening by a hole or broad chink at the apex. Ovary 2-celled, with a single anatropous ovule pendulous in each cell; style prolonged and curved; stigma various. Fruit a small, loculicidal 2-seeded pod, usually rounded and notched at the apex, much flattened contrary to the very narrow partition. Seeds carunculate. Embryo large, straight, with flat and broad cotyledons, in scanty albumen.--Bitter plants (low herbs in temperate regions), with simple entire often dotted leaves, and no stipules; sometimes (as in the first two species) bearing cleistogamous flowers next the ground. (An old name composed of [Greek: poly/s], _much_, and [Greek: ga/la], _milk_, from a fancied property of its increasing this secretion.)

[*] _Perennial or biennial; flowers purple or white; leaves alternate._

[+] _Flowers showy, rose-purple, conspicuously crested; also bearing inconspicuous colorless cleistogamous flowers on subterranean branches._

1. P. paucifolia, Willd. _Perennial_; flowering stems short (3--4' high), from long slender prostrate or subterranean shoots, which also bear concealed fertile flowers; lower leaves small and scale-like, scattered, the _upper ovate, petioled, crowded_ at the summit; _flowers 1--3, large_, peduncled; wings obovate, rather shorter than the fringe-crested keel; stamens 6; caruncle of 2 or 3 awl-shaped lobes longer than the seed.--Woods, in light soil, N. Eng. to Minn., Ill., and southward along the Alleghanies. May.--A delicate plant, with very handsome flowers, 9'' long, rose-purple, or rarely pure white. Sometimes called _Flowering Wintergreen_, but more appropriately FRINGED POLYGALA.

2. P. polygama, Walt. Stems numerous from the _biennial_ root, mostly simple, ascending, very leafy (6--9' high); _leaves oblanceolate or oblong_; terminal _raceme loosely many-flowered_, the broadly obovate wings longer than the keel; stamens 8; radical flowers racemed on short subterranean runners; lobes of the caruncle 2, scale-like, shorter than the seed.--Dry sandy soil; common. July.

[+][+] _Flowers white, in a solitary close spike; none cleistogamous._

3. P. Senega, L. (SENECA SNAKEROOT.) Stems several from thick and hard knotty rootstocks, simple (6--12' high); leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, with rough margins; wings round-obovate, concave; crest short; caruncle nearly as long as the seed.--Rocky soil, W. New Eng. to Minn., and southward. May, June.

Var. latifolia, Torr. & Gray. Taller, sometimes branched; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 2--4' long, tapering to each end.--Md. to Mich. and Ky.

4. P. alba, Nutt. Stems several from a hard rootstock, 1 deg. high; leaves narrowly linear, 3--12'' long, acute; wings oblong-obovate; crest small; lobes of the caruncle half the length of the appressed-silky seed.--Neb. and Kan. to Tex.

[*][*] _Annuals, with all the leaves alternate; flowers in terminal spikes, heads or racemes, purple or rose-color, in summer; none subterranean._

[+] _Keel conspicuously crested; claws of the true petals united into a long and slender cleft tube much surpassing the wings._

5. P. incarnata, L. Glaucous; stem slender, sparingly branched; leaves minute and linear-awl-shaped; spike cylindrical; flowers flesh-color; caruncle longer than the narrow stalk of the hairy seed.--Dry soil, Penn. to Wisc., Iowa, Neb., and southward; rather rare.

[+][+] _Keel minutely or inconspicuously crested; the true petals not longer but mostly shorter than the wings; seed pear-shaped._

6. P. sanguinea, L. Stem sparingly branched above, leafy to the top; _leaves oblong-linear; heads globular, at length oblong_, very dense (4--5'' thick), bright red-purple (rarely paler or even white); pedicels scarcely any; _wings broadly ovate, closely sessile_, longer than the pod; the 2-parted _caruncle almost equalling the seed_.--Sandy and moist ground; common.

7. P. fastigiata, Nutt. Stem slender, at length corymbosely branched; _leaves narrowly linear_, acute, 3--8'' long; _spikes short and dense_ (3'' in diameter); the small rose-purple flowers on _pedicels of about the length of the pod_; wings obovate- or oval-oblong, narrowed at the base, scarcely exceeding the pod; _bracts deciduous_ with the flowers or fruits, caruncle as long as and nearly enveloping the stalk-like base of the minutely hairy seed.--Pine barrens of N. J. and Del. to Ky., and southward.

8. P. Nuttallii, Torr. & Gray. Resembles the last, but usually lower; spikes cylindrical, narrow; flowers duller or greenish purple, on very short _pedicels_; the awl-shaped scaly _bracts persistent_ on the axis after the flowers or fruits fall; seed very hairy, the caruncle smaller.--Dry sandy soil, coast of Mass. to Mo., and southward.--Spike sometimes rather loose.

9. P. Curtissii, Gray. Slender (9' high), leaves, etc., as in the two preceding, flowers rose-purple, in usually short racemes; pedicels about equalling or exceeding the persistent bracts; _the narrow oblong erect wings fully twice the length of the pod_; caruncle small, on one side of the stalk-like base of the very hairy _seed_, which is _conspicuously apiculate at the broader end_.--Md. to Ga.--The species was founded upon an abnormal form with elongated racemes and pedicels.

[*][*][*] _Annuals with at least the lower stem-leaves whorled in fours, sometimes in fives; spikes terminating the stem and branches; fl. summer and autumn._

[+] _Spikes short and thick (4--9'' in diameter); bracts persisting after the fall of the (middle-sized) rose or greenish purple flowers; crest small._

10. P. cruciata, L. Stems (3--10' high) almost winged at the angles, with spreading opposite branches; leaves nearly all in fours, linear and somewhat spatulate or oblanceolate; _spikes sessile or nearly so; wings broadly deltoid-ovate, slightly heart-shaped, tapering to a bristly point_ or rarely pointless; caruncle nearly as long as the seed.--Margin of swamps, Maine to Va. and southward near the coast, and west to Minn. and Neb.

11. P. brevifolia, Nutt. Rather slender, branched above; leaves scattered on the branches, narrower; _spikes peduncled; wings lanceolate-ovate, pointless or barely mucronate_.--Margin of sandy bogs, R. I., N. J. and southward.

[+][+] _Spikes slender (about 2'' thick), the bracts falling with the flowers, which are small, greenish-white or barely tinged with purple, the crest of the keel larger._

12. P. verticillata, L. Slender (6--10' high), much branched; stem-leaves all whorled, those of the (mostly opposite) branches scattered, linear, acute; spikes peduncled, usually short and dense, acute; wings round, clawed; the 2-lobed caruncle half the length of the seed.--Dry soil; common.

Var. ambigua. Leaves (and branches) all scattered or the lowest in fours; spikes long-peduncled, more slender, the flowers often purplish and scattered. (P. ambigua, _Nutt._)--N. Y. to Mo., and southward.

[*][*][*][*] _Biennials or annuals, with alternate leaves, and yellow flowers, which are disposed to turn greenish in drying; crest small; flowering all summer._

13. P. lutea, L. Low; _flowers (bright orange-yellow) in solitary ovate or oblong heads_ (3/4' thick) terminating the stem or simple branches; leaves (1--2' long) obovate or spatulate; lobes of the _caruncle nearly as long as the seed._--Sandy swamps, N. J. and southward, near the coast.

14. P. ramosa, Ell. _Flowers (citron-yellow) in numerous short and dense spike-like racemes_ collected in a flat-topped _compound cyme_; leaves oblong-linear, the lowest spatulate or obovate; _seeds_ ovoid, minutely hairy, _twice the length of the caruncle_.--Damp pine-barrens, Del. and southward.

15. P. cymosa, Walt. Stem short, naked above, the numerous racemes in a usually nearly simple cyme, leaves narrow, acuminate; seeds globose, without caruncle.--Del. and southward.

ORDER 32. LEGUMINOSAE. (PULSE FAMILY.)

_Plants with papilionaceous or sometimes regular flowers, 10 (rarely 5 and sometimes many) monadelphous, diadelphous, or rarely distinct stamens, and a single simple free pistil, becoming a legume in fruit. Seeds mostly without albumen. Leaves alternate, with stipules, usually compound._ One of the sepals inferior (i.e. next the bract); one of the petals superior (i.e. next the axis of the inflorescence).--A very large order (nearly free from noxious qualities), of which the principal representatives in northern temperate regions belong to the first of the three suborders it comprises.

SUBORDER I. Papilionaceae. Calyx of 5 sepals, more or less united, often unequally so. Corolla inserted into the base of the calyx, of 5 irregular petals (or very rarely fewer), more or less distinctly _papilionaceous_, i.e. with the upper or odd petal (_vexillum_ or _standard_) larger than the others and enclosing them in the bud, usually turned backward or spreading; the two lateral ones (_wings_) oblique and exterior to the two lower, which last are connivent and commonly more or less coherent by their anterior edges, forming the _carina_ or _keel_, which usually encloses the stamens and pistil. Stamens 10, very rarely 5, inserted with the corolla, monadelphous, diadelphous (mostly with 9 united into a tube which is cleft on the upper side, and the tenth or upper one separate), or occasionally distinct. Ovary 1-celled, sometimes 2-celled by an intrusion of one of the sutures, or transversely 2--many-celled by cross-division into joints; style simple; ovules amphitropous, rarely anatropous. Cotyledons large, thick or thickish; radicle incurved.--Leaves simple or simply compound, the earliest ones in germination usually opposite, the rest alternate; leaflets almost always quite entire. Flowers perfect, solitary and axillary, or in spikes, racemes, or panicles.

I. Stamens (10) distinct.

[*] Leaves palmately 3-foliolate or simple; calyx 4--5-lobed; herbs. (PODALYRIEAE.)

1. Baptisia. Pod inflated.

2. Thermopsis. Pod flat, linear.

[*][*] Leaves pinnate; calyx-teeth short. (SOPHOREAE.)

3. Cladrastis. Flowers panicled, white. Pod flat. A tree.

4. Sophora. Flowers racemose, white. Pod terete, moniliform. Herbaceous.

II. Stamens monadelphous, or diadelphous (9 and 1, rarely 5 and 5); nearly distinct in n. 14.

[*] Anthers of two forms; stamens monadelphous; leaves digitate or simple; leaflets entire. (GENISTEAE.)

5. Crotalaria. Calyx 5-lobed. Pod inflated. Leaves simple.

6. Genista. Calyx 2-lipped. Pod flat. Seed estrophiolate. Leaves simple. Shrubby.

7. Cytisus. Calyx 2-lipped. Pod flat. Seed strophiolate. Leaves 1--3-foliolate. Shrubby.

8. Lupinus. Calyx deeply 2-lipped. Pod flat. Leaves 7--11-foliolate.

[*][*] Anthers uniform (except in n. 13 and 29).

[+] Leaves digitately (rarely pinnately) 3-foliolate; leaflets denticulate or serrulate; stamens diadelphous, pods small, 1--few-seeded, often enclosed in the calyx or curved or coiled. (TRIFOLIEAE.)

9. Trifolium. Flowers capitate. Pods membranaceous, 1--6-seeded. Petals adherent to the stamen-tube.

10. Melilotus. Flowers racemed. Pod coriaceous, wrinkled, 1--2-seeded.

11. Medicago. Flowers racemed or spiked. Pods curved or coiled, 1--few-seeded.

[+][+] Leaves unequally pinnate (or digitate in n. 13); pod not jointed; not twining nor climbing (except n. 20).

[++] Flowers umbellate (solitary in ours) on axillary peduncles. (LOTEAE.)

12. Hosaekia. Leaves 1--3-foliolate. Peduncle leafy-bracteate. Pod linear.

[++][++] Flowers in spikes, racemes, or heads. (GALEGEAE.)

[=] Herbage glandular-dotted; stamens mostly monadelphous; pod small, indehiscent, mostly 1-seeded; leaves pinnate (except in n. 13).

13. Psoralea. Corolla truly papilionaceous. Stamens 10, half of the anthers often smaller or less perfect. Leaves mostly palmately 3--5-foliolate.

14. Amorpha. Corolla of one petal! Stamens 10, monadelphous at base.

15. Dalea. Corolla imperfectly papilionaceous. Stamens 9 or 10; the cleft tube of filaments bearing 4 of the petals about its middle.

16. Petalostemon. Corolla scarcely at all papilionaceous. Stamens 5; the cleft tube of filaments bearing 4 of the petals on its summit.

[=][=] Herbage not glandular-dotted (except in n. 23); stamens mostly diadelphous; pod 2-valved, several-seeded; leaves pinnately several-foliolate; flowers racemose.

[a.] Wings cohering with the keel; pod flat or 4-angled; hoary perennial herbs.

17. Tephrosia. Standard broad. Pod flat. Leaflets pinnately veined.

18. Indigofera. Calyx and standard small. Pod 4-angled. Leaflets obscurely veined.

[b.] Flowers large and showy; standard broad; wings free; woody; leaflets stipellate.

19. Robinia. Pod flat, thin, margined on one edge. Trees or shrubs.

20. Wistaria. Pod tumid, marginless. Woody twiners; leaflets obscurely stipellate.

[c.] Standard narrow, erect; pod turgid or inflated; perennial herbs.

21. Astragalus. Keel not tipped with a point or sharp appendage. Pod with one or both the sutures turned in, sometimes dividing the cell lengthwise into two.

22. Oxytropis. Keel tipped with an erect point; otherwise as Astragalus.

23. Glycyrrhiza. Flowers, etc., of Astragalus. Anther-cells confluent. Pod prickly or muricate, short, nearly indehiscent.

[+][+][+] Herbs with pinnate or pinnately 1--3-foliolate leaves; no tendrils; pod transversely 2--several-jointed, the reticulated 1-seeded joints indehiscent, or sometimes reduced to one such joint. (HEDYSAREAE.)

[=] Leaves pinnate, with several leaflets, not stipellate.

24. AEschynomene. Stamens equally diadelphous (5 and 5). Calyx 2-lipped. Pod several-jointed; joints square.

25. Coronilla. Stamens unequally diadelphous (9 and 1). Calyx 5-toothed. Joints oblong, 4-angled. Flowers umbellate.

26. Hedysarum. Stamens unequally diadelphous (9 and 1). Calyx 5-cleft. Pod several-jointed; joints roundish.

[=][=] Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate, rarely 1-foliolate.

27. Desmodium. Stamens diadelphous (9 and 1) or monadelphous below. Calyx 2-lipped. Pod several-jointed. Flowers all of one sort and complete. Leaflets stipellate.

28. Lespedeza. Stamens diadelphous (9 and 1); anthers uniform. Pod 1--2-jointed. Flowers often of 2 sorts, the more fertile ones apetalous. Leaflets not stipellate.

29. Stylosanthes. Stamens monadelphous; anthers of 2 sorts. Pod 1--2-jointed. Calyx deciduous, the tube narrow and stalk-like. Leaflets not stipellate.

[+][+][+][+] Herbs with abruptly pinnate leaves, terminated by a tendril or bristle; stamens diadelphous; pod continuous, 2-valved, few--several-seeded. (VICIEAE.)

30. Vicia. Wings adherent to the keel. Style filiform, bearded with a tuft or ring of hairs at the apex.

31. Lathyrus. Wings nearly free. Style somewhat dilated and flattened upwards, bearded down the inner face.

[+][+][+][+][+] Twining (sometimes only trailing) herbs, leaves pinnately 3- (rarely 1- or 5--7-) foliolate; no tendrils; peduncles or flowers axillary, pod not jointed, 2-valved. (PHASEOLEAE.)

[=] Leaves pinnate.

32. Apios. Herbaceous twiner; leaflets 5--7. Keel slender and much incurved or coiled.

[=][=] Leaves 3-foliolate. Ovules and seeds several. Flowers not yellow.

33. Phaseolus. Keel spirally coiled; standard recurved-spreading. Style bearded lengthwise. Flowers racemose. Seeds round-reniform.

34. Strophostyles. Keel long, strongly incurved. Style bearded lengthwise. Flowers sessile, capitate, few. Seeds oblong, mostly pubescent.

35. Centrosema. Calyx short, 5-cleft. Standard with a spur at the base; keel broad, merely incurved. Style minutely bearded next the stigma.

36. Clitoria. Calyx tubular, 5-lobed. Standard erect, spurless; keel scythe-shaped. Style bearded down the inner face.

37. Amphicarpaea. Calyx tubular, 4--5-toothed. Standard erect; keel almost straight. Style beardless. Some nearly apetalous fertile flowers next the ground.

38. Galactia. Calyx 4 cleft, the upper lobe broadest and entire. Style beardless. Bract and bractlets minute, mostly deciduous.

[=][=][=] Leaves 1--3-foliolate. Ovules and seeds only one or two. Flowers yellow.

39. Rhynchosia. Keel scythe shaped. Calyx 4--5-parted. Pod short.

SUBORDER II. Caesalpinieae. (BRASILETTO FAMILY.) Corolla perfectly or not at all papilionaceous, sometimes nearly regular, imbricated in the bud, the upper or odd petal inside and enclosed by the others, Stamens 10 or fewer, commonly distinct, inserted on the calyx. Seeds anatropous, often with albumen. Embryo straight.

[*] Flowers imperfectly papilionaceous, perfect. Trees.

40. Cercis. Calyx campanulate, 5-toothed. Pod flat, wing-margined. Leaves simple.

[*][*] Flowers not at all papilionaceous, perfect. Calyx 5-parted. Herbs.

41. Cassia. Leaves simply and abruptly pinnate, not glandular-punctate.

42. Hoffmanseggia. Leaves bipinnate, glandular-punctate.

[*][*][*] Flowers not at all papilionaceous, polygamous or dioecious. Trees.

43. Gymnocladus. Leaves all doubly pinnate. Calyx-tube elongated, at its summit bearing 5 petals resembling the calyx lobes. Stamens 10.

44. Gleditschia. Thorny; leaves simply and doubly pinnate. Calyx tube short; its lobes, petals, and the stamens 3--5.

SUBORDER III. Mimoseae. (MIMOSA FAMILY.) Flower regular, small. Corolla valvate in aestivation, often united into a 4--5-lobed cup, hypogynous, as are the (often very numerous) exserted stamens. Embryo straight. Leaves twice pinnate.

45. Desmanthus. Petals distinct. Stamens 5 or 10. Pod smooth.

46. Schrankia. Petals united below into a cup. Stamens 8 or 10. Pod covered with small prickles or rough projections.

1. BAPTISIA, Vent. FALSE INDIGO.

Calyx 4--5-toothed. Standard not longer than the wings, its sides reflexed; keel-petals nearly separate, and, like the wings, straight. Stamens 10, distinct. Pod stalked in the persistent calyx, roundish or oblong, inflated, pointed, many seeded.--Perennial herbs, with palmately 3-foliolate (rarely simple) leaves, which generally blacken in drying, and racemed flowers. (Named from [Greek: bapti/zo], _to dye_, from the economical use of some species, which yield a poor indigo.)

[*] _Racemes many, short and loose, terminal, often leafy at base, flowers yellow._

1. B. tinctoria, R. Br. (WILD INDIGO.) Smooth and slender (2--3 deg. high), rather glaucous; leaves almost sessile, leaflets rounded wedge-obovate (1/2--11/2' long), stipules and bracts minute and deciduous, pods oval-globose, on a stalk longer than the calyx.--Sandy dry soil, N. Eng. to Fla., west to Minn. and La.

[*][*] _Racemes fewer, opposite the leaves._

[+] _Flowers yellow._

2. B. villosa, Ell. Sometimes soft-hairy, usually minutely pubescent when young, erect (2--3 deg. high) with divergent branches; leaves almost sessile, leaflets wedge-lanceolate or obovate, lower stipules lanceolate and persistent, on the branchlets often small and subulate, racemes many-flowered; pedicels short; bracts subulate, mostly deciduous; pods ovoid-oblong and taper-pointed, minutely pubescent.--Va. to N. C. and Ark.

[+][+] _Flowers white or cream-color._

3. B. leucophaea, Nutt. _Hairy, low_ (1 deg. high), with _divergent branches_; _leaves almost sessile_, leaflets narrowly oblong-obovate or spatulate; _stipules and bracts large and leafy, persistent; racemes long_ (often 1 deg.), _reclined; flowers on elongated pedicels, cream-color_; pods pointed at both ends, hoary.--Mich. to Minn., south to Tex. April, May.

4. B. leucantha, Torr. & Gray. _Smooth_; stems, leaves, and racemes as in n. 6; _stipules early deciduous; flowers white; pods oval-oblong, raised on a stalk fully twice the length of the calyx_.--Alluvial soil, Ont. and Ohio to Minn., south to Fla. and La.

5. B. alba, R. Br. _Smooth_ (1--3 deg. high), _the branches slender and widely spreading; petioles slender; stipules and bracts minute_ and deciduous; leaflets oblong or oblanceolate; racemes slender on a long naked peduncle; _pods linear-oblong_ (1--11/2' long), _short-stalked_.--Dry soil, S. Ind. and Mo., to La., N. C., and Fla. July.

[+][+][+] _Flowers indigo-blue._

6. B. australis, R. Br. (BLUE FALSE-INDIGO.) Smooth, tall and stout (4--5 deg.); leaflets oblong-wedge-form, obtuse; stipules lanceolate, as long as the petioles, rather persistent; raceme elongated (1--2 deg.) and many-flowered, erect; bracts deciduous; stalk of the oval-oblong pods about the length of the calyx.--Alluvial soil, Penn. to Ga., west to S. Ind., Mo., and Ark.

2. THERMOPSIS, R. Br.