iii. 68, 118, 391;

the matter of _N.'s_ coronation, ii. 325, 339-346 et seq.; refuses to receive Mme. Talleyrand, 326; his demands for the Church, 326; at Fontainebleau, 340; his humiliation and return to Rome, 344-347; refuses a divorce to Jerome Buonaparte, 396; neutrality in the Austerlitz campaign, ii. 396; desires unity of the German Church, 402; refuses to recognize Joseph's sovereignty, iii. 68; _N.'s_ ultimatum to, 68; refuses to join the French federation against England, 118; his demands on _N._, 118; concessions to _N.'s_ demands, 118; prisoner at Grenoble, 119, 242; disbandment of the Noble Guard, 118; a _faineant_ prince in the Quirinal, 119; issues bull, June 10, 1809, 119; wearing effect of _N.'s_ quarrel with, 119; indemnity for, 215; deposed from the temporal power, 215, 242, 249; retains his ecclesiastical position, 242; excommunicates _N._ and his adherents, 242; imprisoned at Savona, 243, 306; removed from Rome to Fontainebleau, 243; refuses to renounce the secular power, 242; in Florence, 242; does not recognize _N.'s_ divorce, 259; provision of residence and revenue for, 263; the second quarrel of investitures, 263; relations with the Gallican Church, 263, 264; inflexibility of, 263; De Maistre on the supineness of, 264; contrasted with Innocent II, 264; partial submission of, 305; refuses to institute _N.'s_ nominees as bishops, 306; prisoner at Fontainebleau, 377, 390; hostility of the French ecclesiastics to, 391; the Concordat of Fontainebleau, 391; interviews with _N._ at Fontainebleau, 391; restoration of Roman domains to, 391; residence at Avignon, 391; retracts his assent, 391; release of, iv. 52; humiliation of, 256.

=Pizzighettone=, French occupation of, i. 372.

=Placentia=, ecclesiastical reforms and confiscations in, iii. 263; granted to Maria Louisa, iv. 133.

=Plagwitz=, fighting near, iv. 30.

="Plain," the=, position in the National Convention, i. 188.

=Plancenoit=, fighting at, iv. 205.

=Plancy=, military movements near, iv. 89.

=Plato=, _N.'s_ study of, i. 95.

=Platoff, Count M. I.=, harasses the French retreat from Moscow, iii. 359, 364.

=Plauen=, fighting near, iv. 10; Austrians driven into, 10.

=Plebiscites=, of Dec. 15, 1799, ii. 129, 136; of May, 1802, 245-247; of 1804, 324.

=Pleisse, River=, military operations on the, iv. 27, 28.

=Plombieres=, Josephine's coterie at, ii. 85.

=Plutarch=, _N.'s_ study of, i. 78; ii. 47.

=Plymouth Sound=, the "Bellerophon" in, iv. 222.

=Po, River=, the country of the, i. 356; ii. 175-178; military operations on the, i. 358, 359, 381, 441; ii. 172-174, 175, 176, 185.

=Point-du-Jour=, Serurier's guard at the, ii. 108.

=Poischwitz=, armistice of, iii. 414-418, 420; iv. 66, 197, 288.

=Poland=, partition of, i. 220, 420, 425; ii. 354, 414, 444; iii. 22, 50; Austria's gaze on, i. 325; French schemes for the reconstruction of, ii. 42-44; Alexander I's designs concerning, 356; iii. 45, 309, 316, 384; iv. 67; Alexander retreats to, ii. 391; extension of the French empire in, 396; sack of, 440; _N.'s_ opportunity to save, 445; pro-Napoleon enthusiasm in, 445; iii. 17, 331; dissensions in, ii. 445; _N.'s_ policy concerning, iii. 1, 8, 18, 45, 56, 214, 244, 314, 331; iv. 30; French occupation of, iii. 4, 7; enlistments from, under the French eagles, 3, 202, 324; _N._ organizes government for, 8; _N._ "the liberator of," 10; horrors of the winter campaign in, 18; a new field of warfare for _N._, 18; new levies ordered in, 20; morale of the French army in, 45; proposed transfer to the King of Saxony, 50; proposed new kingdom of, 56; Prussian provinces ceded to Warsaw, 62; possible restoration of, 65, 108, 244, 312-315, 322; iv. 298; war indemnity exacted from, iii. 78; French nobility endowed with lands in, 87; strengthening the French forces in, 117; dangers of withdrawing Russian troops from, 117; Davout recalled from, 165; reliance on _N._, 196, 316; invaded by Archduke Ferdinand, 201; concentration of troops at Warsaw, 203; Archduke Ferdinand's vicissitudes in, 212; enlargement of, 248; second partition of, 309; schemes of Alexander and Czartoryski in regard to, 309, 316; rupture between Alexander and _N._ over, 310 et seq.; Alexander refuses to restore the integrity of, 311; the patriots of, in Warsaw, 313; movement of Russian troops toward, 317; factor in the Russian war of, 1812, 328; _N.'s_ mistake in not restoring, 331; Abbe de Pradt's mission from Dresden to, 331; the Diet of Warsaw begs for the reconstruction of, 331; possible schemes of French annexation of, 331; Czartoryski's ambitions in, 383; Kutusoff's advance through, 395; Prussia seeks to recover part of, 395-400; Bennigsen in, iv. 3; _N._ offers to renounce, 30; the extinction of, 298.

=Poles=, seek alliance with France, i. 420; in French service, 437; ii. 14; military service in Italy, 42; _N.'s_ policy of winning, iii. 214; loyalty to _N._, 315; iv. 35; _N.'s_ waning prestige among, iii. 335.

=Polish Church=, _N.'s_ threat to liberate it from Rome, iii. 68.

=Politics, the art of=, i. 72; _N.'s_ passion for, and study of, 94, 114, 126, 150, 199.

=Polygamy=, forbidden by the French Sanhedrim, iii. 76; _N._ upholds, iv. 231.

=Polytechnic School=, founding of the, i. 281; ii. 225-227; calling out of students of, iv. 109.

=Pomerania=, Prussia recommended to seize, ii. 420; Gustavus IV commanding in, iii. 36; Prussia retains her strongholds in, 42; _N._ promises to restore to Sweden, 268; Bernadotte's kindly treatment of, 280; Davout occupies Swedish, 321; offered to Bernadotte, 399.

=Pomerania, Duke of=, seeks representation at Congress of Rastatt, ii. 27.

=Pompei=, member of the directory of Corsica, i. 133.

=Poniatowski, Prince J. A.=, relies on _N.'s_ good will, ii. 445; Archduke Ferdinand's pursuit of, iii. 211; reoccupies Warsaw, 212; strength of his corps, March, 1812, 323; doubts Lithuania's rising, 326; battle of Borodino, 344; battle of Wiazma, 359; claims to the Polish throne, 383; fails to keep Russia out of Warsaw, 385; commanding in Galicia, 402; at Fischbach, iv. 18; battle of Leipsic, 29, 32, 34; drowned in the Elster, 34.

=Ponsonby, Sir W.=, in battle of Waterloo, iv. 202.

=Pont d'Austerlitz=, iii. 74.

=Pont des Arts=, iii. 74.

=Pont d'Jena=, iii. 74.

=Pontebba Pass=, battles in, i. 433.

=Ponte Corvo=, Bernadotte created Prince of, ii. 396; iii. 86. _See also_ =Bernadotte=.

=Pontecoulant, Doulcet de=, uses influence on _N.'s_ behalf, i. 292; retired from the central committee, 295; _N.'s_ relations with, ii. 3.

=Ponte-Nuovo=, battle of, i. 23; _N._ visits the battle-ground at, 132.

=Pont Royal=, the melee at the, i. 303.

=Popular government=, the rise of, i. 109.

=Popular representation without eyes, ears, or power=, ii. 126.

=Porcil=, military operations near, i, 391.

=Portalis, J. E. M.=, councilor of state, ii. 214; on committee to draft the Code, 222; minister of public worship, 346.

=Portland, Duke of=, prime minister of England, iii. 46, 69.

=Port Mahon=, i. 22.

=Porto Ferrajo=, seized by England, i. 398; arrival of the exile at, iv. 141; _N.'s_ residence at, 143; danger of _N.'s_ remaining in, 152.

=Porto Legnago=, Augereau driven into, i. 409.

=Port Royal=, education of Josephine de la Pagerie at, i. 313.

=Portsmouth=, Nelson sails for, ii. 359.

=Portugal=, growth of liberal ideas in, i. 276; war with Spain, ii. 18; joins the second coalition, 90; France offers peace to, 154; alliances with England, 154, 332; _N.'s_ problems in, 203 et seq.; forced contribution levied on, 205; iii. 119; abandons English alliance, ii. 205; compelled to close her harbors to English ships, 205; iii. 67; France guarantees integrity of, ii. 211; neutrality of, 289, 332; iii. 67, 120; Spanish invasion of, ii. 332; proposed commercial war against England, iii. 55; _N._ calls for alliance with, 66; seizure of her fleet by England, 67; Junot's army on the borders of, 67; proposed acquisition by Spain, 67, 121; movement of English troops into, 111, 121; the situation in, 118; French invasion of, 120 et seq.; 151; obeys the Berlin and Milan decrees, 119; closing of the harbors, 119; rupture of diplomatic relations between France and, 119; dynastic troubles in, 119; democracy in, 119, 120; proposed partition of, 120; commerce with England, 120; Spain cooeperates with France against, 121; seizure of fortresses by France, 121; flight of Don John from, 121; escape of the fleet from the Tagus, 121; revulsion of feeling against Junot in, 122; fraternization of the people with Junot's army, 122; appointment of a council of regency, 122; Junot's military administration in, 122; applies to England for help, 122; insurrections against French rule, 122; _N._ offers the crown to Lucien, 129; intrigues for the throne of, 129; Junot appointed governor of, 132; to be given to a Bonaparte prince, 133; France proposes an exchange for, 133; the crown offered to Murat, 147; destruction of her commerce, 151; Junot's occupation of, 156; French evacuation of, 157; Lord Wellesley enters, 157; intensity of the rebellion in, 185; sympathy with Spain, 186; supposed English scheme to abandon, 187; Wellesley expels the French from, 236; England's loss of trade with, 272; reinforcements for the English army in, 284; English failures in, 283; held by Wellington, 283; Massena invades, 284; Junot aspires to the crown of, 287; Soult aspires to the crown of, 287, 296; Soult's invasion of (1809), 286; Wellington retreats to, 289, 290; _N._ proposes to restore, to the House of Braganza, 319; member of the Vienna coalition, iv. 164; _N.'s_ dread of capture in, 220.

=Posen=, _N._ in, ii. 444; iii. 331; expected scene of operations, 1; French occupation of, 12; incorporated into the grand duchy of Warsaw, 56; Eugene assumes command at, 385; Murat abandons the army at, 393.

=Potemkin, Prince=, _N._ seeks service with, i. 216.

=Potsdam=, treaty of, ii. 377, 390; _N._ at, 437.

=Pougy=, military operations near, iv. 89.

=Pozzo di Borgo, Count C. A.=, the Corsican victory of, i. 22; associated with _N._ in Corsica, 117; member of the Directory of Corsica, 133; delegate to the National Assembly, 133; _N.'s_ lifelong foe, 165; iii. 314; iv. 98; attorney-general of Corsica, i. 185; suspected of intrigue with England, 190; denounced by _N._, 206; ordered to trial, 403; Russian envoy at Vienna, ii. 445; iii. 178, 314; on the humiliation of Prussia, 63; influence at St. Petersburg, 165; at peace council in Paris, iv. 114.

=Pradt, Abbe de=, mission from Dresden to Poland, iii. 331.

=Prague=, Maria Louisa at, iii. 331; _N._ acknowledges his mistake in not making peace at, iv. 135.

=Prague, Congress of=, iii. 417-420; 423; iv. 30, 41, 68.

=Prairial=, the 30th of, ii. 92.

=Pratzen=, fighting on the heights of, ii. 383-387.

=Preameneu, Bigot de=, on committee to draft the Code, ii. 222.

=Prefects=, the system of, ii. 127.

=Pregel, River=, military movements on the, iii. 30.

=Prenzlau=, Hohenlohe's retreat to, ii. 434; Hohenlohe driven from, 436.

=Presburg=, treaty of, ii. 391, 405; iii. 55, 109, 195, 200; military operations near, 226, 230; Archduke John at, 227, 230.

=Press, the=, freedom of, decreed, i. 110; demand for freedom of in Corsica, 116; condition in France, 281; members of, proscribed, ii. 8; abolition of liberty of, 8, 145; _N._ and the liberty of, 23; muzzling of, 36, 254, 271; suppression of Jacobin papers, 97; _N.'s_ use of, 186; iii. 25; servility to _N._, ii. 232-235; censorship of, 234, 235, 296, 350, 362, 397, 417; iii. 25, 88, 160, 297, 300; iv. 146; in modern France, ii. 254; _N.'s_ reason for repression of, 254; liberty of, in England, 271; _N._ attempts to muzzle the English, 356; supervision of the, iv. 51; abolition of censorship promised, 159.

=Press-gang=, employment of, in France, ii. 332.

=Pretender, the=. _See_ =Louis XVIII=.

=Preussisch-Eylau=. _See_ =Eylau=.

=Preval, Gen.=, refuses service on d'Enghien courtmartial, ii, 307.

=Primary Assembly, the=, i. 305.

=Primogeniture=, _N._ on, i. 137; abolished, ii. 223; iii. 84; its advantages and decay, 84.

=Primolano=, capture of Wurmser's advance-guard at, i. 384.

="Prince of the Peace," the=. _See_ =Godoy=.

=Pripet, River=, Bagration's stand on the, iii. 335.

=Privilege=, the overthrow of, i. 158.

=Privy council=, creation of a, ii. 247.

=Probstheida=, military movements near, iv. 32.

=Property rights=, _N.'s_ share in codifying the law concerning, ii. 223.

=Prossnitz=, junction of Russian and Austrian troops at, ii. 379.

=Protestants=, demand of civil rights, for the, i. 106.

=Provence=, a tempestuous time in, i. 212; royalist rising in, ii. 161; royalist sentiment in, iv. 137; _N.'s_ reception in, 138, 144; longing in, for the Emperor's return, 152; the White Terror in, 222.

=Provera, Gen.=, in Rivoli campaign, i. 406-414; called to reorganize the Roman army, ii. 39.

=Provins=, military movements near, iv. 62, 72, 81, 85.

=Prowtowski, Gen.=, accompanies _N._ to St. Helena, iv. 228.

=Prud'hon, Pierre=, painter, ii. 351.

=Prussia=, relations, alliances, etc., with Austria, i. 174, 324; ii. 86, 155, 264, 389, 413; iii. 22, 225, 234, 330; iv. 41, 57; captures Longwy, i. 179; expected enmity of, 187; effect of military successes of, 194; partition of Poland, 220, 425; abandons the coalition, 276, 324; defeats Austria, 325; uplifting of, and growth of the national spirit in, 325, 350, 425; ii. 41, 154, 415, 417; iii. 37, 44, 62, 95, 103, 106, 137, 159, 161, 193, 213, 225, 319, 327, 382, 385, 391-394, 397, 420, 423; makes peace with France (1795), i. 341, (1796), 349; neutrality of, 385; ii. 43, 90, 154-157, 311, 414; iii. 44; treaty with France (1796), i. 450; attitude toward France (1797-98), ii. 41-44; favors secularization of ecclesiastical principalities, 41; supposed mistaken policy of, 43; recognizes the Cisalpine Republic, 43; the center of gravity of Europe, 155; negotiates with France for Hamburg, 154; refuses to join the second coalition, 154; France's assistance to, against Austria, 154; _N._ negotiates with, 156; supremacy in the German Diet, 193; joins the "armed neutrality," 194; territories acquired by (1802), 265; strengthening of, 266; Ney's check on, 272; _N._ dictates her attitude, 1803, 282; acquiesces in the creation of the empire, 320; protests against Rumbold's seizure, 331; negotiates for Hanover, 356-358; relations with Russia, negotiations and treaties between the two countries, and attitudes of their rulers, 355, 356, 405, 406, 417, 418; iii. 1, 18, 22, 37, 41, 54, 108, 168, 178, 225, 316, 320, 329, 330, 382, 385, 398, 424; iv. 67; Hardenberg's aim at consolidation, ii. 358; refuses alliance with England, 358; to receive Hanover for assistance to France, 361; garrisons Hanover, 361; strength compared with France, 361; violation of her neutrality, 365; resents Bernadotte's violation of Ansbach, 376; renounces her neutrality, 377; decline of her influence, 377; negotiates for peace, 381; to close her ports to England, 390; _N._ demands offensive and defensive alliance with, 390; subservience to France, 394; proposal to give Hamburg, Bremen, and Luebeck to, 400; alliance with France, 400; England declares war against, 400; acquires Hanover, 400, 405; humiliation of, 400, 406, 443; iii. 22, 37, 44, 56, 62, 65, 161-165; neutralization of her power, ii. 402; joins England and Russia, 406; territorial aggrandizement, 413; the reigns of the Fredericks, 413, 414; her army, 413, 414, 418-422, 424, 427, 434, 437; iii. 397, 417;