iii. 24, 35, 36, 98, 117;

gateway of, 69; Spanish military movements on, 149; _N.'s_ mastery of ports on, 266; efficient blockade of, impossible, 280.

=Baltimore=, Jerome Bonaparte's residence in, ii. 257.

=Bamberg=, Austrian troops at, ii. 365; _N.'s_ military route through, 422; concentration of troops in, iii. 203.

=Bank of England=, suspends specie payments, i. 456; scarcity of money in, iii. 304.

=Bank of France=, organization of, ii. 135, 219; the Recamiers and the, 411, 412; compelled to lower its rate, iii. 74; plethora of silver in, 304.

=Barbary=, plots of the pirates to seize _N._, iv. 150.

=Barbe-Marbois, F.=, proscribed, ii. 8; minister of finance, 214; state treasurer, 220; minister of the treasury, 410.

=Barbets=, guerrilla bands of, i. 373.

=Barcelona=, French troops at, iii. 132; Duhesme besieged in, 183; besieged by Vives, 184.

=Barclay de Tolly, M. A.=, proposed movement against, iii. 335; calls in Bagration, 335; retreats to Drissa, 336; junction with Bagration at Smolensk, 336-338; plans to meet Bagration at Vitebsk, 338; battle of Smolensk, 338-340; takes stand behind the Uscha, 340; retreats toward Moscow, 339; charged with German bias, 342; succeeded by Kutusoff, 343; retained as military adviser, 343; restored to chief command, 399, 410; battle of Bautzen, 411; with the Army of the South, iv. 3; battle of Leipsic, 28; advises pursuit of _N._, 98.

=Barere, Bertrand=, exiled, ii. 356.

="Bargain of Famine,"= the, i. 96, 101.

=Barham, Adm.=, naval administration of, ii. 370.

=Baring, Major=, in battle of Waterloo, iv. 201, 204.

=Barnabe=, declares Brumaire illegal, ii. 235.

=Barras, Jean-Paul-Francois-Nicolas=, relations with _N._ and influence on his career, i. 225, 236, 289, 293, 296, 299, 319, 329; ii. 22, 31, 35; iv. 220, 285, 288; in siege of Toulon, i. 231; opposes Robespierre, 251; influence among the Thermidorians, 254; leader of military committee of the Convention, 272; a Dantonist, 289; in social life, 290, 329; commander-in-chief of Convention forces, 299; claims the honors of the 13th Vendemiaire, 301, 303; resigns his command, 305; member of the Directory, 309, 332; character, 309, 329; ii. 35, 91; intimacy with Josephine Beauharnais, i. 315; connection with _N.'s_ marriage, 317; bribed by Venetian ambassador, 440; dissatisfied with treaty of Leoben, 441; learns of Pichegru's treachery, ii. 6; plan to bring troops to Paris, 6; clamors for peace, 19; derides Carnot's suggestions, 19; responsibility for the 18th Fructidor, 22; responsibility for the 13th Vendemiaire, 22; approves the treaty of Campo Formio, 24; charged with tampering with Bernadotte, 43; intrigue with _N._, Talleyrand, and Sieyes for a new constitution, 49; suggests that _N._ assume a dictatorship, 49; warns _N._ to leave France for Egypt, 52; resignation and fall of, 101, 107, 115, 119; _N.'s_ charges against, before the Ancients, 113.

=Barry, Mme. du=, relations with Talleyrand, ii. 33.

=Bar-sur-Aube=, military movements near, iv. 60, 74, 90, 96, 104; narrow escape of Francis at, 95; _N.'s_ march through, 104.

=Bar-sur-Ornain=, Oudinot at, iv. 103.

=Bartenstein=, French occupation of, iii. 12; military movements near, 15; treaty of, iii. 22, 23, 36.

=Barthelemy, F.=, member of the Directory, ii. 1; imprisonment of, 8.

=Basel=, treaty of, i. 276; ii. 204; iii. 124; alteration of boundary at, ii. 21; republican propaganda in, 40; invasion of France via, iv. 57, 58; headquarters of the allies at, 66; Schwarzenberg's communications with, threatened, 95; tomb of Erasmus in, 247.

=Bassano=, defeat of Wurmser at, i. 384; Alvinczy defeats Massena at, 386, 387; battle of, 386, 387; creation of hereditary duchy of, ii. 396; Maret created Duke of, iii. 87. _See also_ =Maret=.

=Basseville, N. J. H.=, killed in Rome, i. 261, 375, 422.

=Bastia=, made a seat of government, i. 25; _N._ at, 90; radical influences in, 116; patriot success in, 120; tradition concerning _N.'s_ connection with events at, 120; share in annexation of Corsica to France 122; Paoli's return to, 125; revolutionary movements in, 131; declared the capital of Corsica, 134; disorders in, 162; _N._ sails from, May 2, 1792, 171; _N._ flees to, 202; under domination of Salicetti, 204; French power in, 207; imprisonment of Corsicans in, 252; English capture of, 260; Nelson at, ii. 62.

=Bastille, the=, destruction of, i. 108, 109, 158; celebrations of the storming of, 174; ii. 195.

=Batavian Republic, the=, formation of, i. 276; an appanage of France, 325; naval defeat at Camperdown, ii. 38; dependence on France, 38; levy of troops and war material on, 38; Anglo-Russian force forced to evacuate, 93; loyalty to _N._, 146; a new constitution for, 233; regains colonies, 233, 262; English efforts to discredit France in, 264. _See also_ =Holland=; =Netherlands=.

="Battle of Dorking,"= ii. 290.

=Battle of Five Days=, iii. 210.

="Battle of the Nations,"= iv. 37.

=Bautzen=, battle of, iii. 410, 411; iv. 4; fatal results of the French victory at, iii. 411; _N._ moves toward, iv. 17; the Young Guard ordered to, 17; _N._ nicknamed from, 20; boy soldiers at, 21; the armistice after, 42.

="Bautzen Messenger-Boy,"= the, iv. 20.

=Bavaria=, treaty with France (1796), i. 450; Austria's gaze on, 325; ii. 194, 358, 363; Austria's scheme to dismember, 88; Suvaroff driven from Italy to, 142; Moreau ordered to drive the Austrians into, 164; the campaign in, 190 et seq.; negotiations with France, 211; acquires Passau, 266; relations with Russia, 266; Alexander I's scheme of giving to Austria, 356; _N._ threatens to enlarge, 361, 390; Austrian troops in, 365; the Elector driven from Munich by Austria, 377; friendly relations with, subservience and military support to France, 377, 394, 402, 404, 422; iii. 3, 195, 203, 279, 322, 387; acquires Ansbach, ii. 390; created a separate kingdom, 389, 391, 398; acquires territory after Austerlitz, 390; member of the Confederation of the Rhine, 403; joins in the war against Prussia, 422; defeated at Innsbruck, iii. 201; _N.'s_ success in, 225; Maria Louisa's progress through, 256; allotment of Austrian lands to, 266; losses of her soldiers in Russia, 337; Roman Catholic influence in, 390; hesitates to furnish new levies, 394; Augereau commanding troops of, 402; national spirit in, iv. 19; revulsion of feeling against France, 19, 22, 26, 40, 56; part in the campaign at Leipsic, 35; position in Germany, 298, 299; battle of Hanau, 35; the campaign of Waterloo 69, et seq.

=Bayanne, Cardinal=, at Paris, iii. 68; his demands on behalf of the Pope, 118.

=Baylen=, capitulation of, Dupont at, iii. 157, 159, 166.

=Bayonne=, formation of new French army at, iii. 120, 126, 132; _N._ goes to, 142; Ferdinand VII at, 144; trial of Ferdinand at, 145; end of negotiations at, 147; convocation of Spanish notables at, 149; ultimate failure of _N.'s_ work at, 151; _N._ at, Nov. 3, 1808, 184; effect of negotiations at, 185; the decree of 1808, 274; Soult shut up in, iv. 40.

=Bayreuth=, _N._ at, ii. 422; Ney at, 428; Davout's force in, iii. 202.

="Beaucaire, the Supper of,"= i. 216, 219.

=Beauderet=, military movements near, iv. 185.

=Beauharnais, Marquis Alexandre de=, marriage to Josephine de la Pagerie, i. 313; service in America, 314; separated from his wife, 314; commander of the Army of the Rhine, 314; partial reconciliation with Josephine, 314; elected to States-General, 314; president of National Assembly, 314; denunciation, imprisonment, and execution, 314.

=Beauharnais, Eugene de=, birth of, i. 313; early life, 315; interposes to reconcile Josephine and _N._, ii. 85; viceroy at Milan, 258; ordered to organize troops on the Adige, 362; marries Augusta of Bavaria, 399; expels the English from Leghorn, iii. 67; letter from _N._ to, 68; presents ultimatum to Pius VII, 68; formally adopted by _N._, 130; viceroy of Italy, 130; defeated by Archduke John, 201; letter from _N._ to, 208; commanding in Italy, 211; character, 211; at Villach, 217; at Bruck, 225; drives Archduke John into Hungary, 226; battle of Wagram, 228; guards the Marchfeld, 235; executes Hofer's sentence, 241; offers amnesty to the Tyroleans, 241; informs Josephine of the impending divorce, 246; share in the Austrian marriage negotiations, 253; acquires principality of Frankfort, 266; viceroy of Italy, 279; a grand duchy created for, 322; strength of his corps, March, 1812, 324; contemplated movement by, 336; battle of Borodino, 344; defeats Kutusoff at Malojaroslavetz, 355; battle of Wiazma, 360; the hero of the retreat from Moscow, 362, 363; at Krasnoi, 364; junction with Ney, 364; succeeds Murat in command, 385, 393; reorganizes the army, 393; withdraws to Berlin, 393; retires behind the Elbe, 393; establishes headquarters at Leipsic, 393; _N.'s_ instructions to, 393; to guard Holland, 393; Alexander advances against, 395; strength in the Saxon campaign of 1813, 402; junction with _N._, 404; ordered to raise a new army in Italy, 407, 414; driven over the Adige by Hiller, iv. 39; checkmated in Italy, 56; battle of Roverbello, 56; concludes armistice, 56.

=Beauharnais, Francois de=, French minister at Madrid, connection with Ferdinand's conspiracy, iii. 127; conducts intrigues for the Portuguese throne, 129; opens the eyes of Godoy, 132; advises Ferdinand to go to Bayonne, 142.

=Beauharnais, Hortense=, birth of, i. 313; early life, 315; interposes to reconcile Josephine and _N._, ii. 85; marries Louis Bonaparte, 257; iii. 269. _See also_ =Buonaparte, Hortense=.

=Beauharnais, Josephine=, social life in Paris, i. 290; _N.'s_ infatuation for, and marriage, 312-323; ii. 341; birth and early life, i. 313-315; characteristics, 313-320; imprisonment, 315; returns to Martinique, 313; returns to France, 314; intimacy with Barras, 315. _See also_ =Bonaparte, Josephine=.

=Beauharnais family=, proposed alliance between Ferdinand VII and, iii, 125-128; share in the Austrian marriage negotiations, 253.

=Beaulieu, J. P.=, commanding Austrian army in Lombardy, i. 352-361; attacks Laharpe at Voltri, 352, 353; falls back on Acqui, 354; _N.'s_ operations against, 355-366; military genius, 358; defense of Milan, 358-361; outflanked at Piacenza, 359; retreats to the Mincio, 361; seizes Peschiera, 361, 372; thwarts _N.'s_ plan, 361; violates Venetian neutrality, 372; his army scattered, 378.

=Beaumont=, military operations near, iv. 170.

=Becker, Gen.=, accompanies _N._ to Rochefort, iv. 219; urges _N.'s_ value as a general, 219.

=Beet-root sugar=, production encouraged, iii, 79; _N.'s_ interest in, 304.

=Belce, Canon=, vice-president of the Directory of Corsica, i. 133.

=Belgium=, proposals to establish a republic in, i. 194; plunder of works of art from, 369; _N.'s_ policy concerning, 429; ceded to France by treaty of Leoben, 438; England's efforts to release, 450; France's interest in, 450; England's concessions as to, ii. 12; incorporated with France, 153; the Code Napoleon in, 223; public works in, 349; visit of _N._ and Maria Louisa to, iii. 269; mediocrity of soldiers of, iv. 20; the allies refuse to give the country to France, 67; _N._ entreated to abandon, 70; _N._ refuses to give up, 74; campaign of Waterloo, 169 et seq.; provisions for defense of, 172; weakness of her troops, 195, 201. _See also_ =Austrian Netherlands=.

=Belle Alliance=, French van at, iv. 190; _N._ at, 193, 194, 196; topography, 195; the French position at, 196; fighting at, 210.

=Bellegarde, Gen. H. de=, supersedes Melas, ii. 188; on the Mincio, 188.

="Bellerophon," the=, Napoleon embarks on, iv. 220, 221, 222, 287; sails for Torbay, 221; goes to Plymouth Sound, 222; in Torbay, 227.

=Bellesca=, organizes rebellion in favor of Don John, iii. 122.

=Belleville=, defense of, iv. 109, 110.

=Belliard, Gen. A. D.=, carries the news of surrender of Paris to the Emperor, iv. 105, 115; advises a return to Lorraine, 116; transfers his allegiance to Louis XVIII, 132.

=Bellingham, John=, assassinates Mr. Perceval, iii. 378.

=Bellinzona=, Austrian force at, ii. 170; Moncey arrives at, 172.

=Bellowitz=, military operations near, ii. 386.

=Belluno=, Lusignan driven beyond, i. 432; creation of hereditary duchy of, ii. 395; Victor created Duke of, iii. 86. _See also_ =Victor=.

=Belt, the=, difficulties of Bernadotte's crossing the, iii. 117.

=Belbedere, Gen.=, forces near Burgos, iii. 184.

=Benevento=, Talleyrand created Prince of, ii. 396 (_see also_ =Talleyrand=); destruction of magazines at, iii. 188.

=Bennigsen, Gen. L. A. T.=, assassin of Paul I, ii. 380; commanding Russian forces at Breslau, 380; battle of Pultusk, iii. 4, 8; general-in-chief of the Russian army, 8, 9; position at Szuczyn, 8; turns back Ney from Koenigsberg, 8; attempts to reach Dantzic, 9; attempts to destroy Ney, 10; defeated at Mohrungen, 10; military genius, 9, 27; campaign of Eylau, 13 et seq.; captures French courier at Eylau, 14; retreats to Koenigsberg, 18; hampered for men and funds, 20; moves against Ney on the Passarge, 28; retires behind the Alle, 29; strength, summer of 1807, 28; battle of Heilsberg, 29; injurious delays by, 30; battle of Friedland, 31; abandons Heilsberg, 32; confesses defeat, 32; retreats across the Niemen, 31; reinforcements for, 32; proposes an armistice, 34, 36; commanding in Poland, iv. 3; reaches Teplitz, 22; in battle of Leipsic, 32.

=Berchtesgaden=, apportioned to the Grand Duke of Tuscany, ii. 266; ceded to Austria, 391; embodied in the Confederation of the Rhine, iii. 239.

=Beresina=, battle of, compared with that of Friedland, iv. 37.

=Beresina, River=, the crossing of the, iii. 363, 366, 374.

=Berg, Grand Duchy of=, quota of men, ii. 404; French seizure of lands near, 420; vassalage to France recognized at Tilsit, iii. 54; the Grand Duchess quarrels with Queen Hortense, 179; scheme to incorporate it with France, 266; Louis Napoleon created Grand Duke, 279; the French regency of, 421; French influence in, 423.

=Bergamo=, the revolutionary movement in, i. 428, 436, 437.

=Bergen=, battle of, ii. 93.

=Bergeres=, Bluecher retreats to, iv. 65.

=Berlier, M.=, assists in preparation of the Code, ii. 222.

=Berlin=, consternation in (1797-98), ii. 41; Sieyes' mission to, 41; French party in, 155; the visits of Alexander I to, 376, 438; war feeling in, ii. 417; _N._ refuses to treat outside of, 435; _N.'s_ entry into, 438; _N._ receives Polish deputation in, 444; French occupation of, iii. 12; centralization in, 374; Eugene at, 393; the Prussian court removed to Breslau from, 396; patriotism in the university, 398; defense of, 399; proposed allotment of, to Jerome, 409; threatened by Oudinot, 413; England's diplomacy in, 417; French demonstrations against, iv. 2; Buelow commanding at, 3; overestimate of its strategical value, 5; Bluecher's road to, blocked by Lauriston, 8; failure of Oudinot and Macdonald in movements against, 13-20; _N._ determines to march on, 17, 18; possible movement toward, 26.

=Berlin Decree=, the, ii. 441; iii. 45, 48, 49, 101, 119, 273, 321.

=Berlin University=, iii. 103.

=Bern=, treaty of Leoben to be ratified at, i. 439; proposed congress at, ii. 19, 20; capture of the city, 40; French intervention in, 40; the plundering of, 40; French military arrogance in, 41; attempt to restore the constitution of, iv. 68.

=Bernadotte, Gen. J. B. J.=, military successes of, i. 273; a product of Carnot's system, 332; commanding Army of the Sambre and Meuse, 426; storms Gradisca, 433; communicates Pichegru's treachery to Barras, ii. 6; ambassador to Austria, 42, 51; charges of venality concerning his mission, 43; recalled, 43; characteristics, 43, 93; iii. 317; iv. 2, 3, 55; marries Desiree Clary, ii. 43; iii. 280; ordered to the middle Rhine, ii. 87; develops the conscription schemes of Carnot, 93; secretary of war, 93; counterplots on the 18th Brumaire, 109; plans to head a force at St. Cloud, 109; created marshal, 323; ordered to Goettingen, 362; commanding in Germany, 365; marches to Ingolstadt, 365; watches the Russian army, 366; violates Prussian neutrality at Ansbach, 376; in battle of Austerlitz, 383-385; Prince of Ponte Corvo, 396; iii. 86; at Lobenstein, ii. 428; defeats Hohenlohe at Schleiz, 428; at Naumburg, 429; absence from Jena and Auerstaedt, 432; relations with _N._, 432; iii. 280, 317; at Apolda, ii. 434; defeats Prussians at Halle, ii. 436; sacks Luebeck, ii, 440; strength in Poland, iii. 7; position at Elbing, 8; action at Mohrungen, 10; escapes to Gilgenburg, 10; threatens Koenigsberg, 10; in campaign of Eylau, 13; threatens Denmark, 69; Denmark yields to, 70; income, 87; fails to join the Russian forces in Finland, 117; restrains Spanish operations on the Baltic, 149; his advance-guard of Spanish troops, 159; troops in Bremen, Hamburg, and Luebeck, 202; to concentrate in Dresden, 203; ordered to Linz, 216, 225; relieved by Lefebvre at Linz, 225; in battle of Wagram, 228, 230; disgraced at Wagram, 228, 237; heads troops for service in the Netherlands, 237; kindly treatment of Pomerania, 280; failure on the Marchfeld, 281; chosen as successor to Charles XIII, 280; installation at Stockholm, 281; assumes title of Prince Charles John, 280; popularity in Sweden, 280; republicanism of, 281; ambition to acquire Norway, 281, 399; iv. 55; changes from Roman Catholic to Lutheran, iii. 317; character of his rule, 317; eager to escape from French protection, 317; varied character of his life, 317; virtual king of Sweden, 317; unwillingly grants a liberal constitution, 317; ambition to acquire the French crown, 321; iv. 2, 3, 14, 15, 26, 55, 57, 85, 114; temporizes with France and Russia, iii. 321; assists Russia against _N._, 350; Metternich seeks to embroil him with Alexander, 394; _N._ attempts to win over, 399; Pomerania offered to, 399; joins the coalition, 399; iv. 2, 3; his troops evacuate Hamburg, 407; commanding Army of the North, 3; in military council at Trachenberg, 6; battle of Grossbeeren, 14; at Jueterbog, 18; battle of Dennewitz, 18, 19; crosses the Elbe, 22; contemplated movement against, 23; _N._ seeks to engage, 25, 26; proposed junction with Schwarzenberg, 26; at Merseburg, 27; at Oppin, 28; offers terms to Davout, 55; ordered to the lower Rhine, 56; at Liege, 85; receives flag of truce from Joseph, 85; the allies dread betrayal by, 85.

=Bernadotte, Mme.=, i. 294.

=Bernburg=, French forces at, iii. 393.

=Berneck=, defeat of Junot by the Black Legion at, iii. 234.

=Berner Klause=, the, i. 412.

=Berry=, military movements near, iv. 77, 78.

=Berry, Charles Ferdinand, Duc de=, doubtful courage of, ii. 301; refrains from entering France, 301; suspected of plotting in Brittany, 303.

=Berry-au-Bac=, abandoned by Marmont, iv. 81; Marmont at, 85.

=Berthier, Gen. Alexandre=, a product of Carnot's system, i. 332; service in the Alps, 346; at Lodi, 361; in the Rivoli campaign, 413; carries treaty of Campo Formio to the Directory, ii. 24; plunders Venetia, 38; proclaims the Roman Republic, 39; ordered to kill hostile tribesmen, 70; ordered to prepare for triumphal entry into Cairo, 76; accompanies _N._ on his return from Alexandria, 81; action on the 18th Brumaire, 104; forms the army of reserve, 140; sent to Geneva, 140; method of computing his army, 169; plans for crossing the Alps, 169; urges capture of Fort Bard, 171; created marshal, 323; Master of the Hounds, 324; muzzles the press in Prussia, 417; letter from _N._, Aug. 25, 1806, 420; personal attendance on _N._, 425; in battle of Eylau, iii. 16; iv. 174; at Tilsit, iii. 52, 59; income, 87, 296; created Prince of Neufchatel, 86, 96, 279; appointed vice-constable, 96; at Bayonne, 144; chief of staff, 203, 323, 402; orders to, iii. 203; deficiency of military knowledge, 204; fails in execution of his orders, 205; charged with treachery, 206; on _N.'s_ habit of work, 210; discovers attempt to assassinate _N._, 240; _N.'s_ proxy to marry Maria Louisa, 254-256; created Prince of Wagram, 256; letter from Ney to, Nov. 5, 1812, 360, 361; informs Macdonald of the Russian disasters, 384; alleged hostility to Jomini, iv. 2; battle of Dresden, 11; at Nangis, 73; receives flag of truce from Schwarzenberg, 73; persuades _N._ to resume negotiations, 74; capture of one of his couriers, 96; at council at St. Dizier, 103; advises a return to Lorraine, 116; Marmont sends treasonable documents to, 119; at the abdication scene, 121; transfers his allegiance to Louis XVIII, 132; nicknamed "Peter," 147; faults at Eylau and Wagram, 173.

=Berthollet, C. L.=, plunders Italian scientific collections, i. 369; accompanies _N._ on his return from Alexandria, ii. 81; member of the senate, 151.

=Berton, L. S.=, i. 61.

=Bertrand, Gen. H. G.=, base conduct at Vienna, ii. 369; in campaign of 1813, iii. 402; in battle of Bautzen, 410; beleaguers Schweidnitz, 413; battle of Dennewitz, iv. 18; driven by Bluecher to Bitterfeld, 22; battle of Leipsic, 28, 29, 30, 32, 35; takes Weissenfels, 35; defends the Rhine at Kastel, 54; begs _N._ to abandon Belgium and the left bank of the Rhine, 70; at the abdication scene, 121; accompanies _N._ to Elba, 134, 138; sends positive instructions to Grouchy, 187, 191; escorts _N._ from the field of Waterloo, 211; accompanies _N._ to Rochefort, 219; accompanies _N._ to St. Helena, 227.

=Bertrand, Mme.=, present at _N.'s_ death-bed, iv. 235.

=Bessarabia=, alleged concession of, to Russia, iii. 55.

=Bessieres, Gen. J. B.=, service in Egypt, ii. 53; created marshal, 323; in battle of Austerlitz, 387; in Eylau campaign, iii. 15, 16; created Duke of Istria, 86; income, 87; character, 93; _N.'s_ opinion of, 93; invades Spain, 132, 134, 143; instructions to, concerning Spanish policy, 140; ordered to arrest Ferdinand, 144; besieges Santander, 156; defeats the Spaniards at Medina de Rio Seco, 156; occupies Old Castile and Aragon, 155; ordered to connect with Junot, 157; at Miranda, 183; pursues Hiller, 209; battle of Essling, 220; commanding the Young Guard, 324; killed at Rippach, 404, 406; importance of his loss to _N._, 404.

=Bethencourt, Gen.=, crosses the Simplon, ii. 172; near Domo d'Ossola, 172.

=Beugnot=, regent of Berg, iii. 421; anecdote concerning, 421, 422.

=Beurnonville, Marquis de=, _N.'s_ envoy to Prussia, ii. 156; royalist intrigues of, iv. 115, 140.

=Beys=, the Egyptian, ii. 58.

=Biberach=, battle of, ii. 167.

=Biberich=, anecdote of _N._ at the castle of, iii. 422.

=Bible=, _N.'s_ study of the, iv. 231.

=Bicetre, prison of=, imprisonment of a milliner in, iii. 92.

=Bielostok=, united to Russia, iii. 56, 62.

=Bilbao=, Lefebvre near, iii. 183.

=Bisamberg=, junction of Archduke Charles and Hiller at, iii. 212, 216; military operations near, 228, 229.

=Biscay=, _N.'s_ contemplated movements in, iii. 184; military government of, 279.

=Bismarck, Prince Otto von=, policy in, 1875, ii. 269.

=Bitterfeld=, Bertrand driven by Bluecher to, iv. 22.

=Biville=, landing of the Cadoudal conspirators at, ii. 298.

=Black Elster, River=, military movements on the, iv. 20.

=Black Forest, the=, Dessaix defeats the Austrians in, i. 440; military operations in, ii. 166, 365.

=Black Legion, the=, organization of, iii. 234; defeats Junot at Berneck, 234; defeats the Saxons at Nossen, 234.

=Black Sea=, proposed Indian expeditions via, ii. 209.

=Blake, Gen.=, defeated at Medina de Rio Seco, iii. 156; advances from Durango, 184; concerted French movement against, 185; driven back to Valmaseda, 184; _N.'s_ scheme to annihilate, 184; defeated at Espinosa, 185; joins La Romana, in Asturias, 185; annihilation of his army by Suchet, 289.

=Blankenburg=, Louis XVIII retreats to, ii. 5.

=Blankenhain=, Prince Hohenlohe at, ii. 428.

=Blasowitz=, military operations near, ii. 385.

=Blois=, _N.'s_ private treasure at, iv. 50, 134; imperial regency established at, 115; French garrison at, 118; dissolution of the imperial government at, 135.

=Bluecher, Marshal G. L. von=, member of Prussian reform party, ii. 415; Prussian commander, 419; military movements near Eisenach, 427; battle of Auerstaedt, 433; reaches Luebeck, 437; duplicity to Klein, 436; surrender of, 437; in campaign of 1813, iii. 399; at Striegau, iv. 3, 6; violates the armistice, 3, 6; commanding the army of the East, 6; gives _N._ an advantage, 6, 7; secures an independent command, 6; pursued by _N._, 7; at Bunzlau, 7; retreats behind the Deichsel, 7; crosses the Katzbach, 8; battle of Katzbach, 15; pursues Macdonald, 15; Macdonald fails to hold, 17; operations in Silesia, 17; attacks Macdonald at Fischbach, 18; Macdonald ordered to check his advance, 20; advances on Dresden, 20; northward movement, 21; marches to Kemberg, 22; drives Bertrand to Bitterfeld, 22; contemplated movement against, 23; _N._ seeks to engage, 25, 26; joint movements with Bernadotte and Schwarzenberg, 26; advances to Halle, 26; battle of Leipsic, 28, 30, 33; acquires two Swedish corps, 56; crosses the Rhine, 57; aims to annihilate _N._, 57; crosses the Saar, 58; invests the Mosel fortresses, 58; advances on Arcis, 58; effects union with Schwarzenberg, 60; defeated at Brienne, 60; battles of La Rothiere and Troyes, 60; predicts a speedy entry into Paris, 61; leads the advance down the Marne, 62; attempts to cut off Macdonald, 61; strength, Feb. 9, 1814, 61; French movement from Sezanne against, 62, 63; battle of Montmirail, 63; retreat across the Marne, 63; defeated at Vauchamps, 64; retreats to Bergeres, 65; drives Marmont to Fromentieres, 64; _N._ deals him "a blow in the eye," 70; Marmont ordered to hold, 71; at Mery, 73; collects his army at Chalons, 73; Oudinot sent against, 73; pursued by _N._, 75; makes diversion in favor of main army, 75; advances on Paris, 76; letter from Frederick William III, Feb. 26, 1814, 75; _N._ in pursuit of, 76; moves on Meaux, 76; recruits his forces at Soissons, 77; retreats up the Ourcq, 76; checked by Marmont and Mortier, 76; crosses the Marne, 76; cut off from Schwarzenberg, 77; driven north, 77; battle of Craonne, 78; retreats from Craonne to Laon, 78; dissensions in his army, 77-80, 84; battle of Laon, 79; recalls York, 80; regains communication with Schwarzenberg, 80; dismayed at the capture of Rheims, 84, 85; besieges Compiegne, 84; resumes the offensive, 92, 93; Marmont's plan of operations against, 93; crosses the Aisne, 93; effects junction with Schwarzenberg, 94, 95, 97; captures a courier to the Empress, 96; advised of the movement on Paris, 98; "Marshal Forward," 98; crosses the Marne, 99; fears of, in Paris, 108; captures Montmartre, 111; desires to take the field, 169; plan of the campaign of Waterloo, 169; quality of his troops, 171; _N.'s_ position with regard to Wellington and, 171; relative strength in Waterloo campaign, 172; awaits developments, 173; relations with Wellington, 176, 177; possible change of strategy, 176; defensive movements, 178; at Fleurus, 179; retires from Fleurus, 180; his tactics criticized by Wellington, 181; meeting with Wellington at Bry, 180; battle of Ligny, 181, 182; gets "a ---- good licking," 183, 184; wounded at Ligny, 185; Grouchy's pursuit of, 187; apprehended movement to join Wellington, 187; promises support to Wellington, 190; Grouchy aims to prevent union between Wellington and, 191; movement to Wavre, 191-194; disaster at Ligny, 193; possible retreat via Louvain, 194; fails to come to Wellington's assistance, 204; Wellington's faint-hearted cooeperation with, 213; his lines of retreat, 214; determination to kill _N._, 220, 223; _character_: ambition, iv. 7; ardor and courage, 59, 98, 177, 181, 182; desire for glory and revenge, 68, 220, 223; duplicity, ii. 436; head-strong temper, iv. 6, 7, 14; influence over troops, 171, 172; over-confidence, 62, 63; self-indulgence, 172.

=Bober, River=, military movements on the, iv. 7, 16.

=Bocognano=, _N._ in hiding near, i. 202, 203.

=Bohemia=, Archduke Ferdinand escapes into, ii. 366; Archduke Ferdinand commanding in, 380; _N.'s_ line of retreat through, 392; plan of Austrian operations in, iii. 199; _N.'s_ reasons for not pursuing Archduke Charles into, 210; gathering of Austrian troops in, 414; boundary of a neutral zone, 414; beacons flash the declaration of war through, 423; Austro-Russian troops in, iv. 3; advance of Russian troops toward, 6; the allies' communication with, threatened, 9; guarding the passes from, 18; refuge of the allies in, 24; army of, moves on Paris, 98.

=Bohemian Forest=, military movements in the, iii. 204, 210, 216.

=Bois, Pierre du=, proposes French seizure of Egypt, ii. 46.

=Bologna=, seizure and ransom of, i. 374, 375; the Pope prepares to recover, 398; armistice of, 401; new scheme of government for, 402; _N._ at, 409, 419; military operations at, 409, 419; surrendered to France, 421; ceded to Venice at Leoben, 438; corporated in the Cisalpine Republic, ii. 21.

=Bonaparte=. _See_ =Buonaparte=.

=Boniface, Pope=, crowns Pepin, ii. 325.

=Bonifacio=, _N._ at, i. 193.

=Bonnier, M.=, member of the Congress of Rastatt, ii. 89; killed at Rastatt, 89.

=Bontemps, M.=, arrest of, ii. 27.

=Bordeaux=, condition in 1793, i. 222; exempt from legislation concerning Jews, iii. 78; opens its gates to English troops, iv. 87; proclamation of Louis XVIII., 87; _N._ seeks to rouse imperial feeling in, 220; immunity from the White Terror, 223.

=Borghese, Prince=, marries Pauline (Buonaparte) Leclerc, ii. 258; separates from Pauline, iv. 142.

=Borghese, Princess Pauline (Buonaparte)=, looseness of her life,