The History of Cuba, vol. 3

"New occasions," sang a great American poet of freedom and of progress, "new occasions teach new duties"; and splendidly was the truth exemplified in Cuba in the era of which we...

With the opening of the year 1870, the revolutionists had in the field forty thousand well disciplined, and for the time being at least well armed troops, who were under the com...

Spain was now thoroughly alive to the danger which threatened her future retention of Cuba, and in the face of an emergency she vacillated. Her high officials began to wonder if...

Cuban independence was proclaimed on October 10, 1868, at the Yara plantation. That was the natal date and that was the natal place of the Republic of Cuba. The event was made k...

It will be recalled that the Cubans, in the first flush of victory, had dispatched the good tidings to the Cuban Junta in New York City. These reports were so sanguine of victor...

The revolutionary era in Cuban history had its rise amid circumstances of both political and commercial dissatisfaction and protest, and it is by no means impossible nor even im...

A revolution usually involves fighting as well as the organization of a government. In the case of Cuba, this was especially inevitable. It was realized by the patriots in advan...

At the time of the beginning of the Cuban insurrection the United States was undergoing one of its quadrennial political campaigns, and March 4, 1869, saw General Ulysses S. Gra...

At the beginning of 1872 the storm center of the insurrection moved eastward to Puerto Principe, Santiago and Guantanamo. Engagements in the vicinity of these places had been fr...

Lopez had failed. Such was the obvious judgment of the world. Upon the face of the matter, his expedition had ended in disaster and utter tragedy. The first serious attempt to a...

At the beginning of the year 1874 a _coup d'etat_ placed Serrano again at the head of the government in Spain, but in Cuba there was no change. The struggle was still continued....

Venezuela gave the struggling Spanish American colonies Bolivar, who was their liberator and their savior. In the same country was born, at the end of the eighteenth century, in...

Cardenas was chosen as the place of landing probably for two reasons. First, because the Cubans of this district were supposed to be exceedingly dissatisfied with Spanish rule--...

The United States government, both before and immediately after the expeditions of Lopez, exhibited an increasing desire to acquire possession of Cuba by purchase or otherwise....

Lopez planned to begin the uprising for the freedom of Cuba on June 24, 1848. He had enlisted the sympathy and secret cooperation of many men in the United States, chiefly in th...

While these things were occurring in the "Ever Faithful Isle," there were doings of epochal significance in Peninsular Spain. Queen Isabella had, as we have seen, for some time...

The Spanish government had granted concessions to the Cubans, or what on their face seemed to be concessions, but in actual administration, the government remained practically t...

The years following the close of the Civil War in the United States were marked with momentous occurrences in various other countries, particularly in Cuba, and the two nations...

were elated by the certainty that in bravery and resources they were more than a match for the Spanish army, and that, when they were properly equipped they seemed to have the a...

The Intellectual and Spiritual Development of Cuba--Some Famous Cuban Authors--José Maria Heredia--Felix Varela y Morales--José de la Luz y Caballero, "The Father of the Cuban R...

An Appeal to the United States for Recognition--President Grant Overruled by His Secretary of State--Americans Stirred by News of Spanish Cruelties--Cuban Disappointment at Non-...

Failure and Success of Lopez--Irrepressible Determination of Cuba to Be Free--Crisis in the Affairs of Spain--Animosity Between Creoles and Spaniards--Expressions of Cuban Senti...

Beginning of Hostilities--Comparative Strengths of the Cuban and Spanish Armies--The Spanish Navy--Pacific Measures First Tried by Captain-General Dulce--Their Rejection by the...

Administration of Concha and His Recall--Second Expedition of Lopez Recruited in the United States--Men and Money Provided in the South--Betrayal of the Scheme--Proclamation of...

Great Increase of Revolutionary Strength--Spain's Enormous Force--The Case of Napoleon Arango--His Extraordinary Manifesto--An Elaborate Appeal for Betrayal of the Revolution--D...

The Landing of Lopez at Cardenas--The Flag of Cuba Libre for the First Time Unfurled on Cuban Soil--Parleying and Fighting at Cardenas--Spanish Treachery--Failure of the Cuban P...

Spain's Desperate Efforts to Suppress the Revolution--Stubborn Resistance of the Cubans--Valmaseda Opposed and Overthrown by the Volunteers--Accession of Jovellar--Increasing In...

Renewed Cuban Successes--The Island in a State of Siege--Concha Again Captain-General--Record of the Cost of the War--The United States Threatens Intervention--Spanish Anger--A...

Betrayal of Lopez's First Revolutionary Venture--His Flight to New York--Cuban Juntas in the United States--Lopez's Negotiations with Jefferson Davis and Robert E. Lee--Unoffici...

Another Expedition Organized by Lopez--Its Roster--Departure from New Orleans--Colonel Crittenden--Arrival at Key West--The Landing in Cuba--Lack of Cuban Support--Fatal Divisio...

Conditions at the Beginning of the Era of Revolution--Cuba's Commercial Backwardness--Resources Unappreciated--Statistics of Imports and Exports--The Sugar Trade--Burdensome Tax...

Revolution in Peninsular Spain--General Prim's Proclamations--General Response Throughout the Kingdom--Serrano's Entry Into Madrid--Flight of the Queen--Republican Government Es...

Results of the Ten Years' War--Political Parties in Cuba--The Liberals, Who Were Conservative--The Union Constitutionalists--A Third Party Platform--Cubans in the Cortes--Failur...

Cuban Independence Proclaimed at the Outbreak of the Ten Years' War--Provisional Government Organized--Carlos Manuel Cespedes--Proclamation of Emancipation--Representative Gover...

Narciso Lopez and His Career--His Valor in the Venezuelan Wars--A Soldier of Spain--Some Daring Exploits--With the Spanish Army in Cuba--His Distinguished Career in Spain--A Lea...

Counter-Revolution in Spain--Amadeus Made King--Increased Malignity of the Volunteers--The Massacre of the Cuban Students--Death of General Quesada--Reorganization of the Cuban...

American Overtures for the Purchase of Cuba--Some Early Diplomacy--Change of Policy Under President Polk--Spain's Refusal to Consider Sale--Pierre Soule's Extraordinary Negotiat...