Chapter 1823

His design was not to pay him the value of his pictures, because they were above any price. Dryden.

&hand; In political economy, value is often distinguished as intrinsic and exchangeable . Intrinsic value is the same as utility or adaptation to satisfy the desires or wants of men. Exchangeable value is that in an article or product which disposes individuals to give for it some quantity of labor, or some other article or product obtainable by labor; as, pure air has an intrinsic value , but generally not an exchangeable value .

3. Precise signification; import; as, the value of a word; the value of a legal instrument

Mitford.

4. Esteem; regard.

Dryden.

My relation to the person was so near, and my value for him so great Bp. Burnet.

5. (Mus.) The relative length or duration of a tone or note, answering to quantity in prosody; thus, a quarter note [<?/] has the value of two eighth notes [<?/].

6. In an artistical composition, the character of any one part in its relation to other parts and to the whole; -- often used in the plural; as, the values are well given, or well maintained .

7. Valor. [Written also valew .] [Obs.]

Spenser.

Value received , a phrase usually employed in a bill of exchange or a promissory note, to denote that a consideration has been given for it.

Bouvier.

Value <Xpage=1593>

Val"ue (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Valued (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Valuing .]

1. To estimate the value, or worth, of; to rate at a certain price; to appraise; to reckon with respect to number, power, importance, etc.

The mind doth value every moment. Bacon.

The queen is valued thirty thousand strong. Shak.

The king must take it ill, That he's so slightly valued in his messenger. Shak.

Neither of them valued their promises according to rules of honor or integrity. Clarendon.

2. To rate highly; to have in high esteem; to hold in respect and estimation; to appreciate; to prize; as, to value one for his works or his virtues .

Which of the dukes he values most. Shak.

3. To raise to estimation; to cause to have value, either real or apparent; to enhance in value. [Obs.]

Some value themselves to their country by jealousies of the crown. Sir W. Temple.

4. To be worth; to be equal to in value. [Obs.]

The peace between the French and us not values The cost that did conclude it. Shak.

Syn. -- To compute; rate; appraise; esteem; respect; regard; estimate; prize; appreciate.

Valued <Xpage=1593>

Val"ued (?) , a. Highly regarded; esteemed; prized; as, a valued contributor; a valued friend .

Valued policy . See under Policy .

Valueless <Xpage=1593>

Val"ue*less , a. Being of no value; having no worth.

Valuer <Xpage=1593>

Val"u*er (?) , n. One who values; an appraiser.

Valure <Xpage=1593>

Val"ure (?) , n. Value. [Obs.]

Ld. Berners.

Valvasor <Xpage=1593>

Val"va*sor (?) , n. (Feud. Law) See Vavasor .

Valvata <Xpage=1593>

Val*va"ta (?) , n. [NL.; cf. L. valvatus having folding doors. See Valve .] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of small spiral fresh-water gastropods having an operculum.

Valvate <Xpage=1593>

Valv"ate (?) , a. [L. valvatus having folding doors.]

1. Resembling, or serving as, a valve; consisting of, or opening by, a valve or valves; valvular.

2. (Bot.) (a) Meeting at the edges without overlapping; -- said of the sepals or the petals of flowers in \'91stivation, and of leaves in vernation. (b) Opening as if by doors or valves, as most kinds of capsules and some anthers.

Valve <Xpage=1593>

Valve (?) , n. [L. valva the leaf, fold, or valve of a door: cf. F. valve .]

1. A door; especially, one of a pair of folding doors, or one of the leaves of such a door.

Swift through the valves the visionary fair Repassed. Pope.

Heavily closed, . . . the valves of the barn doors. Longfellow.

2. A lid, plug, or cover, applied to an aperture so that by its movement, as by swinging, lifting and falling, sliding, turning, or the like, it will open or close the aperture to permit or prevent passage, as of a fluid.

&hand; A valve may act automatically so as to be opened by the effort of a fluid to pass in one direction, and closed by the effort to pass in the other direction, as a clack valve ; or it may be opened or closed by hand or by mechanism, as a screw valve , or a slide valve .

3. (Anat.) One or more membranous partitions, flaps, or folds, which permit the passage of the contents of a vessel or cavity in one direction, but stop or retard the flow in the opposite direction; as, the ileocolic, mitral, and semilunar valves .

4. (Bot.) (a) One of the pieces into which a capsule naturally separates when it bursts. (b) One of the two similar portions of the shell of a diatom. (c) A small portion of certain anthers, which opens like a trapdoor to allow the pollen to escape, as in the barberry.

5. (Zo\'94l.) One of the pieces or divisions of bivalve or multivalve shells.

Air valve , Ball valve , Check valve , etc. See under Air . Ball , Check , etc. -- Double-beat valve , a kind of balance valve usually consisting of a movable, open-ended, turban-shaped shell provided with two faces of nearly equal diameters, one above another, which rest upon two corresponding seats when the valve is closed. -- Equilibrium valve . (a) A balance valve. See under Balance . (b) A valve for permitting air, steam, water, etc., to pass into or out of a chamber so as to establish or maintain equal pressure within and without. -- Valve chest (Mach.) , a chamber in which a valve works; especially (Steam Engine) , the steam chest; -- called in England valve box , and valve casing . See Steam chest , under Steam . -- Valve face (Mach.) , that part of the surface of a valve which comes in contact with the valve seat . -- Valve gear , &or; Valve motion (Steam Engine) , the system of parts by which motion is given to the valve or valves for the distribution of steam in the cylinder. For an illustration of one form of valve gear , see Link motion . -- Valve seat . (Mach.) (a) The fixed surface on which a valve rests or against which it presses. (b) A part or piece on which such a surface is formed. -- Valve stem (Mach.) , a rod attached to a valve, for moving it. -- Valve yoke (Mach.) , a strap embracing a slide valve and connecting it to the valve stem.

Valved <Xpage=1593>

Valved (?) , a. Having a valve or valve; valvate.

Valvelet <Xpage=1593>

Valve"let (?) , n. A little valve; a valvule; especially, one of the pieces which compose the outer covering of a pericarp.

Valve-shell <Xpage=1593>

Valve"-shell` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) Any fresh-water gastropod of the genus Valvata .

Valvula <Xpage=1593>

Val"vu*la (?) , n. ; pl. Valvul\'91 (#) . [NL., dim. fr. L. valva fold, valve of a door.] (Anat.) A little valve or fold; a valvelet; a valvule.

Valvular <Xpage=1593>

Valv"u*lar (?) , a. [Cf. F. valvulaire .]

1. Of or pertaining to a valve or valves; specifically (Med.) , of or pertaining to the valves of the heart; as, valvular disease .

2. Containing valves; serving as a valve; opening by valves; valvate; as, a valvular capsule .

Valvule <Xpage=1593>

Valv"ule (?) , n. [Cf. F. valvule .]

1. A little valve; a valvelet.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A small valvelike process.

Valylene <Xpage=1593>

Val"yl*ene (?) , n. [ Vale rian + -yl .] (Chem.) A volatile liquid hydrocarbon, C5H6 , related to ethylene and acetylene, but possessing the property of unsaturation in the third degree. It is the only known member of a distinct series of compounds. It has a garlic odor.

Vambrace <Xpage=1593>

Vam"brace (?) , n. [See Vantbrass .] (Anc. Armor) The piece designed to protect the arm from the elbow to the wrist.

Vamose <Xpage=1593>

Va*mose" (?) , v. i. & t. [Sp. vamos let us go.] To depart quickly; to depart from. [Written also vamos , and vamoose .] [Slang, Eng. & U. S.]

Vamp <Xpage=1593>

Vamp (?) v. i. To advance; to travel. [Obs.]

Vamp <Xpage=1593>

Vamp , n. [OE. vampe , vaumpe , vauntpe , F. avantpied the forefoot, vamp; anat before, fore + pied foot, L. pes . See Advance , Van of an army, and Foot .]

1. The part of a boot or shoe above the sole and welt, and in front of the ankle seam; an upper.

2. Any piece added to an old thing to give it a new appearance. See Vamp , v. t.

Vamp <Xpage=1593>

Vamp , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Vamped (?; 215) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Vamping .] To provide, as a shoe, with new upper leather; hence, to piece, as any old thing, with a new part; to repair; to patch; -- often followed by up .

I had never much hopes of your vamped play. Swift.

Vamper <Xpage=1593>

Vamp"er (?) , n. One who vamps; one who pieces an old thing with something new; a cobbler.

Vamper <Xpage=1593>

Vamp"er , v. i. [Cf. Vaunt .] To swagger; to make an ostentatious show. [Prov. eng. & Scot.]

Jamieson.

Vampire <Xpage=1593>

Vam"pire (?) , n. [F. vampire (cf. It. vampiro , G . & D . vampir ), fr. Servian vampir .] [Written also vampyre .]

1. A blood-sucking ghost; a soul of a dead person superstitiously believed to come from the grave and wander about by night sucking the blood of persons asleep, thus causing their death. This superstition is now prevalent in parts of Eastern Europe, and was especially current in Hungary about the year 1730.

The persons who turn vampires are generally wizards, witches, suicides, and persons who have come to a violent end, or have been cursed by their parents or by the church, Encyc. Brit.

2. Fig.: One who lives by preying on others; an extortioner; a bloodsucker.

3. (Zo\'94l.) Either one of two or more species of South American blood-sucking bats belonging to the genera Desmodus and Diphylla . These bats are destitute of molar teeth, but have strong, sharp cutting incisors with which they make punctured wounds from which they suck the blood of horses, cattle, and other animals, as well as man, chiefly during sleep. They have a c\'91cal appendage to the stomach, in which the blood with which they gorge themselves is stored.

4. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of harmless tropical American bats of the genus Vampyrus , especially V. spectrum . These bats feed upon insects and fruit, but were formerly erroneously supposed to suck the blood of man and animals. Called also false vampire .

Vampire bat (Zo\'94l.) , a vampire, 3.

<-- illustr. Head of False Vampire. (Vampyrus spectrum) -->

Vampirism <Xpage=1593>

Vam"pir*ism (?) , n. [Cf. F. vampirisme .]

1. Belief in the existence of vampires.

2. The actions of a vampire; the practice of bloodsucking.

3. Fig.: The practice of extortion.

Carlyle.

Vamplate <Xpage=1593>

Vam"plate` (?) , n. [F. avant fore, fore + E. plate .] A round of iron on the shaft of a tilting spear, to protect the hand. [Written also vamplet .]

Vamure <Xpage=1593>

Va"mure (?) , n. See Vauntmure . [Obs.]

Van <Xpage=1593>

Van (?) , n. [Abbrev. fr. vanguard .] The front of an army; the first line or leading column; also, the front line or foremost division of a fleet, either in sailing or in battle.

Standards and gonfalons, twixt van and rear, Stream in the air. Milton.

Van <Xpage=1593>

Van , n. [Cornish.] (Mining) A shovel used in cleansing ore.

Van <Xpage=1593>

Van , v. t. (Mining) To wash or cleanse, as a small portion of ore, on a shovel.

Raymond.

Van <Xpage=1593>

Van , n. [Abbreviated from caravan .]

1. A light wagon, either covered or open, used by tradesmen and others fore the transportation of goods. [Eng.]

2. A large covered wagon for moving furniture, etc., also for conveying wild beasts, etc., for exhibition.

3. A close railway car for baggage. See the Note under Car , 2. [Eng.]

Van <Xpage=1593>

Van , n. [L. vannus a van, or fan for winnowing grain: cf. F. van . Cf. Fan , Van a wing Winnow .]

1. A fan or other contrivance, as a sieve, for winnowing grain.

2. [OF. vanne , F. vanneau beam feather (cf. It. vanno a wing) fr. L. vannus . See Etymology above.] A wing with which the air is beaten. [Archaic] "[/Angels] on the air plumy vans received him. "

Milton.

He wheeled in air, and stretched his vans in vain; His vans no longer could his flight sustain. Dryden.

Van <Xpage=1593>

Van , v. t. [Cf. F. vanner to winnow, to fan. See Van a winnowing machine.] To fan, or to cleanse by fanning; to winnow. [Obs.]

Bacon.

Vanadate <Xpage=1593>

Van"a*date (?) , n. [Cf. F. vanadate .] (Chem.) A salt of vanadic acid. [Formerly also vanadiate .]

Vanadic <Xpage=1593>

Va*nad"ic (?) , a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or obtained from, vanadium; containing vanadium; specifically distinguished those compounds in which vanadium has a relatively higher valence as contrasted with the vanadious compounds; as, vanadic oxide .

Vanadic acid (Chem.) , an acid analogous to phosphoric acid, not known in the free state but forming a well-known series of salts.

Vanadinite <Xpage=1593>

Va*nad"i*nite (?) , n. (Min.) A mineral occurring in yellowish, and ruby-red hexagonal crystals. It consist of lead vanadate with a small proportion of lead chloride.

Vanadious <Xpage=1593>

Va*na"di*ous (?) , a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, vanadium; specifically, designating those compounds in which vanadium has a lower valence as contrasted with the vanadic compounds; as, vanadious acid . [Sometimes written also vanadous .]

Vanadite <Xpage=1593>

Van"a*dite (?) , n. (Chem.) A salt of vanadious acid, analogous to a nitrite or a phosphite.

Vanadium <Xpage=1593>

Va*na"di*um (?) , n. [NL., fr. Icel. Vanad\'c6s , a surname of the Scandinavian goddess Freya.] (Chem.) A rare element of the nitrogen-phosphorus group, found combined, in vanadates, in certain minerals, and reduced as an infusible, grayish-white metallic powder. It is intermediate between the metals and the non-metals, having both basic and acid properties. Sumbol V (or Vd, rarely). Atomic weight 51.2.

Vanadous <Xpage=1593>

Van"a*dous (?) , a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to vanadium; obtained from vanadium; -- said of an acid containing one equivalent of vanadium and two of oxygen.

Vanadyl <Xpage=1593>

Van"a*dyl (?) , n. [ Vanad ium + -yl .] (Chem.) The hypothetical radical VO , regarded as a characterized residue of certain vanadium compounds.

Van-courier <Xpage=1593>

Van"-cou`ri*er (?) , n. [F. avant-courrier .See Avant , Van of an army, and Courier , and cf. Avant-courier , Vaunt-courier .] One sent in advance; an avant-courier; a precursor.

Vandal <Xpage=1593>

Van"dal (?) , n. [L. Vandalus , Vandalius ; of Teutonic origin, and probably originally signifying, a wanderer. Cf. Wander .]

1. (Anc. Hist.) One of a Teutonic race, formerly dwelling on the south shore of the Baltic, the most barbarous and fierce of the northern nations that plundered Rome in the 5th century, notorious for destroying the monuments of art and literature.

2. Hence, one who willfully destroys or defaces any work of art or literature.

The Vandals of our isle, Sworn foes to sense and law. Cowper.

Vandal, Vandalic <Xpage=1593>

Van"dal (?) , Van*dal"ic (?) , a. Of or pertaining to the Vandals; resembling the Vandals in barbarism and destructiveness.

Vandalism <Xpage=1593>

Van"dal*ism (?) , n. The spirit or conduct of the Vandals; ferocious cruelty; hostility to the arts and literature, or willful destruction or defacement of their monuments.

Vandyke <Xpage=1593>

Van*dyke" (?) , a. Of or pertaining to the style of Vandyke the painter; used or represented by Vandyke. "His Vandyke dress." Macaulay . [Written also Vandyck .]

Vandyke brown (Paint.) , a pigment of a deep semitranssparent brown color, supposed to be the color used by Vandyke in his pictures. -- Vandyke collar &or; cape , a broad collar or cape of linen and lace with a deep pointed or scalloped edge, worn lying on the shoulders; -- so called from its appearance in pictures by Vandyke. -- Vandyke edge , an edge having ornamental triangular points.

Vandyke <Xpage=1593>

Van*dyke" , n. A picture by Vandyke. Also, a Vandyke collar, or a Vandyke edge. [Written also Vandyck .]

Vandyke <Xpage=1593>

Van*dyke" , v. t. fit or furnish with a Vandyke; to form with points or scallops like a Vandyke. [R.] [Written also Vandyck .]

Vane <Xpage=1593>

Vane (?) , n. [OE. & E. Prov. E. fane weathercock, banner, AS. fana a banner, flag; akin to D. vaan , G. fahne , OHG. fano cloth, gund fano flag, Icel. f\'beni , Sw. fana , Dan. fane , Goth. fana cloth, L. pannus , and perhaps to Gr.<?/ a web, <?/ a bobbin, spool. Cf. Fanon , Pane a compartment, panel.]

<page="1594"> Page 1594

1. A contrivance attached to some elevated object for the purpose of showing which way the wind blows; a weathercock. It is usually a plate or strip of metal, or slip of wood, often cut into some fanciful form, and placed upon a perpendicular axis around which it moves freely.

Aye undiscreet, and changing as a vane . Chaucer.

2. Any flat, extended surface attached to an axis and moved by the wind; as, the vane of a windmill ; hence, a similar fixture of any form moved in or by water, air, or other fluid; as, the vane of a screw propeller, a fan blower, an anemometer, etc .

3. (Zo\'94l.) The rhachis and web of a feather taken together.

4. One of the sights of a compass, quadrant, etc.

Vane of a leveling staff . (Surv.) Same as Target , 3.