Chapter 131

Bard"ic , a. Of or pertaining to bards, or their poetry.

"The bardic lays of ancient Greece." G. P. Marsh.

Bardish <Xpage=119>

Bard"ish , a. Pertaining to, or written by, a bard or bards. " Bardish impostures."

Selden.

Bardism <Xpage=119>

Bard"ism (?) , n. The system of bards; the learning and maxims of bards.

Bardling <Xpage=119>

Bard"ling (?) , n. An inferior bard.

J. Cunningham.

Bardship <Xpage=119>

Bard"ship , n. The state of being a bard.

Bare <Xpage=119>

Bare (?) , a. [OE. bar , bare , AS. b\'91r ; akin to D. & G. baar , OHG. par , Icel. berr , Sw. & Dan. bar , OSlav. bos<?/ barefoot, Lith. basas ; cf. Skr. bh\'bes to shine <?/.]

1. Without clothes or covering; stripped of the usual covering; naked; as, his body is bare ; the trees are bare .

2. With head uncovered; bareheaded.

When once thy foot enters the church, be bare . Herbert.

3. Without anything to cover up or conceal one's thoughts or actions; open to view; exposed.

Bare in thy guilt, how foul must thou appear ! Milton.

4. Plain; simple; unadorned; without polish; bald; meager. "Uttering bare truth."

Shak.

5. Destitute; indigent; empty; unfurnished or scantily furnished; -- used with of (rarely with in ) before the thing wanting or taken away; as, a room bare of furniture . "A bare treasury."

Dryden.

6. Threadbare; much worn.

It appears by their bare liveries that they live by your bare words. Shak.

7. Mere; alone; unaccompanied by anything else; as, a bare majority . "The bare necessaries of life."

Addison.

Nor are men prevailed upon by bare of naked truth. South.

Under bare poles (Naut.) , having no sail set.

Bare <Xpage=119>

Bare , n. 1. Surface; body; substance. [R.]

You have touched the very bare of naked truth. Marston.

2. (Arch.) That part of a roofing slate, shingle, tile, or metal plate, which is exposed to the weather.

Bare <Xpage=119>

Bare , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Bared (<?/); p. pr. & vb. n. Baring .] [AS. barian . See Bare , a. ] To strip off the covering of; to make bare; as, to bare the breast .

Bare <Xpage=119>

Bare . Bore; the old preterit of Bear , v.

Bareback <Xpage=119>

Bare"back` (?) , adv. On the bare back of a horse, without using a saddle; as, to ride bareback .

Barebacked <Xpage=119>

Bare"backed` (?) , a. Having the back uncovered; as, a barebacked horse .

Barebone <Xpage=119>

Bare"bone` (?) , n. A very lean person; one whose bones show through the skin.

Shak.

Barefaced <Xpage=119>

Bare"faced` (?) , a. 1. With the face uncovered; not masked. "You will play barefaced ."

Shak.

2. Without concealment; undisguised. Hence: Shameless; audacious. " Barefaced treason."

J. Baillie.

Barefacedly <Xpage=119>

Bare"faced`ly , adv. Openly; shamelessly.

Locke.

Barefacedness <Xpage=119>

Bare"faced`ness , n. The quality of being barefaced; shamelessness; assurance; audaciousness.

Barefoot <Xpage=119>

Bare"foot (?) , a. & adv. With the feet bare; without shoes or stockings.

Barefooted <Xpage=119>

Bare"foot`ed , a. Having the feet bare.

Bar\'82ge <Xpage=119>

Ba*r\'82ge" (?) , n. [F. bar\'82ge , so called from Bar\'82ges , a town in the Pyrenees.] A gauzelike fabric for ladies' dresses, veils, etc. of worsted, silk and worsted, or cotton and worsted.

Barehanded <Xpage=119>

Bare"hand`ed (?) , n. Having bare hands.

Bareheaded, Barehead <Xpage=119>

Bare"head`ed (?) , Bare"head , a. & adv. Having the head uncovered; as, a bareheaded girl .

Barelegged <Xpage=119>

Bare"legged` (?) , a. Having the legs bare.

Barely <Xpage=119>

Bare"ly , adv. 1. Without covering; nakedly.

2. Without concealment or disguise.

3. Merely; only.

R . For now his son is duke. W . Barely in title, not in revenue. Shak.

4. But just; without any excess; with nothing to spare ( of quantity, time, etc.); hence, scarcely; hardly; as, there was barely enough for all; he barely escaped.

Barenecked <Xpage=119>

Bare"necked` (?) , a. Having the neck bare.

Bareness <Xpage=119>

Bare"ness , n. The state of being bare.

Baresark <Xpage=119>

Bare"sark (?) , n. [Literally, bare sark or shirt .] A Berserker, or Norse warrior who fought without armor, or shirt of mail. Hence, adverbially: Without shirt of mail or armor.

Barfish <Xpage=119>

Bar"fish` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Calico bass .

Barful <Xpage=119>

Bar"ful (?) , a. Full of obstructions. [Obs.]

Shak.

Bargain <Xpage=119>

Bar"gain (?) , n. [OE. bargayn , bargany , OF. bargaigne , bargagne , prob. from a supposed LL. barcaneum , fr. barca a boat which carries merchandise to the shore; hence, to traffic to and fro, to carry on commerce in general. See Bark a vessel. ] 1. An agreement between parties concerning the sale of property; or a contract by which one party binds himself to transfer the right to some property for a consideration, and the other party binds himself to receive the property and pay the consideration.

A contract is a bargain that is legally binding. Wharton.

2. An agreement or stipulation; mutual pledge.

And whon your honors mean to solemnize The bargain of your faith. Shak.

3. A purchase; also ( when not qualified), a gainful transaction; an advantageous purchase; as, to buy a thing at a bargain .

4. The thing stipulated or purchased; also, anything bought cheap.

She was too fond of her most filthy bargain . Shak.

Bargain and sale (Law) , a species of conveyance, by which the bargainor contracts to convey the lands to the bargainee, and becomes by such contract a trustee for and seized to the use of the bargainee. The statute then completes the purchase; i . e ., the bargain vests the use, and the statute vests the possession. Blackstone . -- Into the bargain , over and above what is stipulated; besides. -- To sell bargains , to make saucy ( usually indelicate) repartees. [Obs.] Swift . -- To strike a bargain , to reach or ratify an agreement. "A bargain was struck ." Macaulay .

Syn. -- Contract; stipulation; purchase; engagement.

Bargain <Xpage=119>

Bar"gain , v. i. [OE. barganien , OF. bargaigner , F. barguigner , to hesitate, fr. LL. barcaniare . See Bargain , n. ] To make a bargain; to make a contract for the exchange of property or services; -- followed by with and for ; as, to bargain with a farmer for a cow .

So worthless peasants bargain for their wives. Shak.

Bargain <Xpage=119>

Bar"gain , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Bargained (<?/); p. pr. & vb. n. Bargaining .] To transfer for a consideration; to barter; to trade; as, to bargain one horse for another .

To bargain away , to dispose of in a bargain; -- usually with a sense of loss or disadvantage; as, to bargain away one's birthright. "The heir . . . had somehow bargained away the estate."

G. Eliot.

Barfainee <Xpage=119>

Bar`fain*ee" (?) , n. [OF. bargaign\'82 , p.p. See Bargain , v. i. ] (Law) The party to a contract who receives, or agrees to receive, the property sold.

Blackstone.

Bargainer <Xpage=119>

Bar"gain*er (?) , n. One who makes a bargain; -- sometimes in the sense of bargainor .

Bargainor <Xpage=119>

Bar`gain*or" (?) , n. (Law) One who makes a bargain, or contracts with another; esp., one who sells, or contracts to sell, property to another.

Blackstone.

Barge <Xpage=119>

Barge (?) , n. [OF. barge , F. berge , fr. LL. barca , for barica (not found), prob. fr. L. baris an Egyptian rowboat, fr. Gr. <?/ , prob. fr. Egyptian: cf. Coptic bari a boat. Cf. Bark a vessel.] 1. A pleasure boat; a vessel or boat of state, elegantly furnished and decorated.

2. A large, roomy boat for the conveyance of passengers or goods; as, a ship's barge ; a charcoal barge .

3. A large boat used by flag officers.

4. A double-decked passenger or freight vessel, towed by a steamboat. [U.S.]

5. A large omnibus used for excursions. [Local, U.S.]

Bargeboard <Xpage=119>

Barge"board` (?) , n. [Perh. corrup. of vergeboard ; or cf. LL. bargus a kind of gallows.] A vergeboard.

Bargecourse <Xpage=119>

Barge"course` (?) , n. [See Bargeboard .] (Arch.) A part of the tiling which projects beyond the principal rafters, in buildings where there is a gable.

Gwilt.

Bargee <Xpage=119>

Bar*gee" (?) , n. A bargeman. [Eng.]

Bargeman <Xpage=119>

Barge"man (?) , n. The man who manages a barge, or one of the crew of a barge.

Bargemastter <Xpage=119>

Barge"mast`ter (?) , n. The proprietor or manager of a barge, or one of the crew of a barge.

Barger <Xpage=119>

Bar"ger (?) , n. The manager of a barge. [Obs.]

Barghest <Xpage=119>

Bar"ghest` (?) , n. [Perh. G. berg mountain + geist demon, or b\'84r a bear + geist .] A goblin, in the shape of a large dog, portending misfortune. [Also written barguest .]

Baria <Xpage=119>

Ba"ri*a (?) , n. [Cf. Barium .] (Chem.) Baryta.

Baric <Xpage=119>

Bar"ic (?) , a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to barium; as, baric oxide .

Baric <Xpage=119>

Bar"ic , a. [Gr. <?/ weight.] (Physics) Of or pertaining to weight, esp. to the weight or pressure of the atmosphere as measured by the barometer.

Barilla <Xpage=119>

Ba*ril"la (?) , n. [Sp. barrilla .] 1. (Bot.) A name given to several species of Salsola from which soda is made, by burning the barilla in heaps and lixiviating the ashes.

2. (Com.) (a) The alkali produced from the plant, being an impure carbonate of soda, used for making soap, glass, etc., and for bleaching purposes. (b) Impure soda obtained from the ashes of any seashore plant, or kelp.

Ure.

Copper barilla (Min.) , native copper in granular form mixed with sand, an ore brought from Bolivia; -- called also Barilla de cobre .

Barillet <Xpage=119>

Bar"il*let (?) , n. [F., dim. of baril barrel.] A little cask, or something resembling one.

Smart.

Bar iron <Xpage=119>

Bar" i`ron (?) . See under Iron .

Barite <Xpage=119>

Ba"rite (?) , n. (Min.) Native sulphate of barium, a mineral occurring in transparent, colorless, white to yellow crystals (generally tabular), also in granular form, and in compact massive forms resembling marble. It has a high specific gravity, and hence is often called heavy spar . It is a common mineral in metallic veins.

Baritone <Xpage=119>

Bar"i*tone (?) , a. & n. See Barytone .

Barium <Xpage=119>

Ba"ri*um (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. bary`s heavy.] (Chem.) One of the elements, belonging to the alkaline earth group; a metal having a silver-white color, and melting at a very high temperature. It is difficult to obtain the pure metal, from the facility with which it becomes oxidized in the air. Atomic weight, 137. Symbol, Ba. Its oxide called baryta . [Rarely written barytum .]

&hand; Some of the compounds of this element are remarkable for their high specific gravity, as the sulphate, called heavy spar , and the like. The oxide was called barote , by Guyton de Morveau, which name was changed by Lavoisier to baryta , whence the name of the metal.

Bard <Xpage=119>

Bard (?) , n. [Akin to Dan. & Sw. bark , Icel. b\'94rkr , LG. & HG. borke .] 1. The exterior covering of the trunk and branches of a tree; the rind.

2. Specifically, Peruvian bark.

Bark bed . See Bark stove (below). -- Bark pit , a pit filled with bark and water, in which hides are steeped in tanning. -- Bark stove (Hort.) , a glazed structure for keeping tropical plants, having a bed of tanner's bark (called a bark bed ) or other fermentable matter which produces a moist heat.

Bark <Xpage=119>

Bark , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Barked (<?/); p. pr. & vb. n. Barking .] 1. To strip the bark from; to peel.

2. To abrade or rub off any outer covering from; as to bark one's heel.

3. To girdle. See Girdle , v. t. , 3.

4. To cover or inclose with bark, or as with bark; as, to bark the roof of a hut .

Bark <Xpage=119>

Bark , v. i. [OE. berken , AS. beorcan ; akin to Icel. berkja , and prob. to E. break .] 1. To make a short, loud, explosive noise with the vocal organs; -- said of some animals, but especially of dogs.

2. To make a clamor; to make importunate outcries.

They bark , and say the Scripture maketh heretics. Tyndale.

Where there is the barking of the belly, there no other commands will be heard, much less obeyed. Fuller.

Bark <Xpage=119>

Bark , n. The short, loud, explosive sound uttered by a dog; a similar sound made by some other animals.

Bark, Barque <Xpage=119>

Bark , Barque (?) , n. [F. barque , fr. Sp. or It. barca , fr. LL. barca for barica . See Barge .]

1. Formerly, any small sailing vessel, as a pinnace, fishing smack, etc.; also, a rowing boat; a barge. Now applied poetically to a sailing vessel or boat of any kind.

Byron.

2. (Naut.) A three-masted vessel, having her foremast and mainmast squarerigged, and her mizzenmast schooner-rigged.

Barkantine <Xpage=119>

Bark"an*tine (?) , n. Same as Barkentine .

Bark beetle <Xpage=119>

Bark" bee`tle (?) . (Zo\'94l.) A small beetle of many species (family Scolytid\'91 ), which in the larval state bores under or in the bark of trees, often doing great damage.

Barkbound <Xpage=119>

Bark"bound` (?) , a. Prevented from growing, by having the bark too firm or close.

Barkeeper <Xpage=119>

Bar"keep`er (?) , n. One who keeps or tends a bar for the sale of liquors.

Barken <Xpage=119>

Bark"en (?) , a. Made of bark. [Poetic]

Whittier.

Barkentine <Xpage=119>

Bark"en*tine (?) , n. [See Bark , n. , a vessel.] (Naut.) A threemasted vessel, having the foremast square-rigged, and the others schooner-rigged. [Spelled also barquentine , barkantine , etc.] See Illust . in Append.

Barker <Xpage=119>

Bark"er (?) , n. 1. An animal that barks; hence, any one who clamors unreasonably.

2. One who stands at the doors of shops to urg<?/ passers by to make purchases. [Cant, Eng.]

3. A pistol. [Slang]

Dickens.

4. (Zo\'94l.) The spotted redshank.

Barker <Xpage=119>

Bark"er , n. One who strips trees of their bark.

Barker's mill <Xpage=119>

Bark"er's mill` (?) . [From Dr. Barker , the inventor.] A machine, invented in the 17th century, worked by a form of reaction wheel. The water flows into a vertical tube and gushes from apertures in hollow horizontal arms, causing the machine to revolve on its axis.

Barkery <Xpage=119>

Bark"er*y (?) , n. A tanhouse.

Barking irons <Xpage=119>

Bark"ing i`rons (?) . 1. Instruments used in taking off the bark of trees.

Gardner.

2. A pair of pistols. [Slang]

Barkless <Xpage=119>

Bark"less , a. Destitute of bark.

Bark louse <Xpage=119>

Bark" louse` (?) . (Zo\'94l.) An insect of the family Coccid\'91 , which infests the bark of trees and vines.

&hand; The wingless females assume the shape of scales. The bark louse of vine is Pulvinaria innumerabilis ; that of the pear is Lecanium pyri . See Orange scale .

Barky <Xpage=119>

Bark"y (?) , a. Covered with, or containing, bark. "The barky fingers of the elm."

Shak.

Barley <Xpage=119>

Bar"ley (?) , n. [OE. barli , barlich , AS. b\'91rlic ; bere barley + l\'c6c (which is prob. the same as E. like , adj., or perh. a form of AS. le\'bec leek). AS. bere is akin to Icel, barr barley, Goth. barizeins made of barley, L. far spelt; cf. W. barlys barley, bara bread. <?/92. Cf. Farina , 6th Bear .] (Bot.) A valuable grain, of the family of grasses, genus Hordeum , used for food, and for making malt, from which are prepared beer, ale, and whisky.

<-- p. 120 -->

Barley bird (Zo\'94l.) , the siskin. -- Barley sugar , sugar boiled till it is brittle (formerly with a decoction of barley) and candied. -- Barley water , a decoction of barley, used in medicine, as a nutritive and demulcent.

Barleybrake Barleybreak <Xpage=120>

Bar"ley*brake` Bar"ley*break` (?) , n. An ancient rural game, commonly played round stacks of barley, or other grain, in which some of the party attempt to catch others who run from a goal.

Barley-bree <Xpage=120>

Bar"ley-bree` (?) , n. [Lit. barley broth. See Brew .] Liquor made from barley; strong ale. [Humorous] [Scot.]

Burns.

Barleycorn <Xpage=120>

Bar"ley*corn` (?) , n. [See Corn .] 1. A grain or "corn" of barley.

2. Formerly , a measure of length, equal to the average length of a grain of barley; the third part of an inch.

John Barleycorn , a humorous personification of barley as the source of malt liquor or whisky.

Barm <Xpage=120>

Barm (?) , n. [OE. berme , AS. beorma ; akin to Sw. b\'84rma , G. b\'84rme , and prob. L. fermenium . \'fb93.] Foam rising upon beer, or other malt liquors, when fermenting, and used as leaven in making bread and in brewing; yeast.

Shak.

Barm <Xpage=120>