Chapter 1141

2. A treatise on the art of preparing medicines.

Pharmacomathy <Xpage=1075>

Phar`ma*com"a*thy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ a drug + <?/ to learn.] See Pharmacognosis .

Pharmacon <Xpage=1075>

Phar"ma*con (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/.] A medicine or drug; also, a poison.

Dunglison.

Pharmacop\'d2ia <Xpage=1075>

Phar`ma*co*p\'d2"ia (?) , n. [NL., from Gr. <?/ the preparation of medicines; <?/ medicine + <?/ to make.] 1. A book or treatise describing the drugs, preparations, etc., used in medicine; especially, one that is issued by official authority and considered as an authoritative standard.

2. A chemical laboratory. [Obs.]

Dunglison.

Pharmacopolist <Xpage=1075>

Phar`ma*cop"o*list (?) , n. [L. pharmacopola , Gr. <?/; <?/ medicine + <?/ to sell.] One who sells medicines; an apothecary.

Pharmacosiderite <Xpage=1075>

Phar`ma*co*sid"er*ite (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ drug, poison + E. siderite .] (Min.) A hydrous arsenate of iron occurring in green or yellowish green cubic crystals; cube ore.

Pharmacy <Xpage=1075>

Phar"ma*cy (?) , n. [OE. fermacie , OF. farmacie , pharmacie , F. pharmacie , Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to administer or use medicines, fr. <?/ medicine.] 1. The art or practice of preparing and preserving drugs, and of compounding and dispensing medicines according to prescriptions of physicians; the occupation of an apothecary or a pharmaceutical chemist.

2. A place where medicines are compounded; a drug store; an apothecary's shop.

Pharo <Xpage=1075>

Pha"ro (?) , n. 1. A pharos; a lighthouse. [Obs.]

2. See Faro .

Pharology <Xpage=1075>

Pha*rol"o*gy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ a lighthouse + -logy .] The art or science which treats of lighthouses and signal lights.

Pharos <Xpage=1075>

Pha"ros (?) , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ an island in the Bay of Alexandria, where king Ptolemy Philadelphus built a famous lighthouse.] A lighthouse or beacon for the guidance of seamen.

He . . . built a pharos , or lighthouse. Arbuthnot.

Pharyngal <Xpage=1075>

Pha*ryn"gal (?) , a. Pharyngeal.

H. Sweet.

Pharyngeal <Xpage=1075>

Phar`yn*ge"al (?) , a. [See Pharynx .] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the pharynx; in the region of the pharynx.

Pharyngeal <Xpage=1075>

Phar`yn*ge"al , n. (Anat.) A pharyngeal bone or cartilage; especially, one of the lower pharyngeals , which belong to the rudimentary fifth branchial arch in many fishes, or one of the upper pharyngeals , or pharyngobranchials, which are the dorsal elements in the complete branchial arches.

Pharyngitis <Xpage=1075>

Phar`yn*gi"tis (?) , n. [NL. See Pharynx , and -itis .] (Med.) Inflammation of the pharynx.

Pharyngobranchial <Xpage=1075>

Pha*ryn`go*bran"chi*al (?) , a. [ Pharynx + branchial .] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the pharynx and the branchi\'91; -- applied especially to the dorsal elements in the branchial arches of fishes. See Pharyngeal . -- n. A pharyngobranchial, or upper pharyngeal, bone or cartilage.

Pharyngobranchii <Xpage=1075>

Pha*ryn`go*bran"chi*i (?) , n. pl. [NL. See Pharynx , and Branchia .] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Leptocardia .

Pharyngognathi <Xpage=1075>

Phar`yn*gog"na*thi (?) , n. pl. [NL. See Pharynx , and Gnathic .] (Zo\'94l.) A division of fishes in which the lower pharyngeal bones are united. It includes the scaroid, labroid, and embioticoid fishes.

Pharyngolaryngeal <Xpage=1075>

Pha*ryn`go*lar`yn*ge"al (?) , a. [ Pharynx + laryngeal .] Of or pertaining both to pharynx and the larynx.

Pharyngopneusta <Xpage=1075>

Pha*ryn`gop*neus"ta (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ the pharynx + <?/ to breathe.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of invertebrates including the Tunicata and Enteropneusta. -- Pha*ryn`gop*neus"tal (#) , a.

Pharyngotome <Xpage=1075>

Pha*ryn"go*tome (?) , n. (Surg.) An instrument for incising or scarifying the tonsils, etc.

Pharyngotomy <Xpage=1075>

Phar`yn*got"o*my (?) , n. [ Pharynx + Gr . <?/ to cut : cf. F. pharyngotomie .] (Surg.) (a) The operation of making an incision into the pharynx, to remove a tumor or anything that obstructs the passage. (b) Scarification or incision of the tonsils.

Pharynx <Xpage=1075>

Phar"ynx (?) , n. ; pl. pharynges (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, <?/: cf. F. pharynx .] (Anat.) The part of the alimentary canal between the cavity of the mouth and the esophagus. It has one or two external openings through the nose in the higher vertebrates, and lateral branchial openings in fishes and some amphibias.

Phascolome <Xpage=1075>

Phas"co*lome (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ pouch + <?/ mouse.] (Zo\'94l.) A marsupial of the genus Phascolomys ; a wombat.

Phase <Xpage=1075>

Phase (?) , n. ; pl. Phases (#) . [NL. phasis , Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to make to appear: cf. F. phase . See Phenomenon , Phantom , and Emphasis .] 1. That which is exhibited to the eye; the appearance which anything manifests, especially any one among different and varying appearances of the same object.

2. Any appearance or aspect of an object of mental apprehension or view; as, the problem has many phases .

3. (Astron.) A particular appearance or state in a regularly recurring cycle of changes with respect to quantity of illumination or form of enlightened disk; as, the phases of the moon or planets . See Illust . under Moon .

4. (Physics) Any one point or portion in a recurring series of changes, as in the changes of motion of one of the particles constituting a wave or vibration; one portion of a series of such changes, in distinction from a contrasted portion, as the portion on one side of a position of equilibrium, in contrast with that on the opposite side.

Phasel <Xpage=1075>

Pha"sel (?) , n. [L. phaselus , phaseolus , Gr. <?/, <?/: cf. F. phas\'82ole , fas\'82ole . Cf. Fesels .] The French bean, or kidney bean.

Phaseless <Xpage=1075>

Phase"less (?) , a. Without a phase, or visible form. [R.] "A phaseless and increasing gloom."

Poe.

Phaseolus <Xpage=1075>

Pha*se"o*lus (?) , n. [L.] (Bot.) A genus of leguminous plants, including the Lima bean, the kidney bean, the scarlet runner, etc. See Bean .

Phaseomannite <Xpage=1075>

Pha`se*o*man"nite (?) , n. [So called because found in the unripe fruit of the bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ).] (Chem.) Same as Inosite .

Phasis <Xpage=1075>

Pha"sis (?) , n. ; pl. Phases (#) . [NL.] See Phase .

Creech.

Phasm, Phasma <Xpage=1075>

Phasm (?) , Phas"ma (?) , n. [L. phasma , Gr. <?/. See Phase .] An apparition; a phantom; an appearance. [R.]

Hammond. Sir T. Herbert.

Phasmid <Xpage=1075>

Phas"mid (?) , n. [See Phasm . Probably so called from its mimicking, or appearing like, inanimate objects.] (Zo\'94l.) Any orthopterous insect of the family Phasmid\'91 , as a leaf insect or a stick insect.

Phassachate <Xpage=1075>

Phas"sa*chate (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ the wood pigeon + <?/ the agate.] (Min.) The lead-colored agate; -- so called in reference to its color.

Phatagin <Xpage=1075>

Phat"a*gin (?) , n. [Cf. Gr. <?/; perhaps from native name.] (Zo\'94l.) The long-tailed pangolin ( Manis tetradactyla ); -- called also ipi .

Pheasant <Xpage=1075>

Pheas"ant (?) , n. [OE. fesant , fesaunt , OF. faisant , faisan , F. faisan , L. phasianus , Gr. <?/ (sc. <?/) the Phasian bird, pheasant, fr. <?/ a river in Colchis or Pontus.] 1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of large gallinaceous birds of the genus Phasianus , and many other genera of the family Phasianid\'91 , found chiefly in Asia.

<-- # note collocations in notes have italic font in WEB1913 --> &hand; The common, &or; English, pheasant ( Phasianus Colchicus ) is now found over most of temperate Europe, but was introduced from Asia. The ring-necked pheasant ( P. torquatus ) and the green pheasant ( P. versicolor ) have been introduced into Oregon. The golden pheasant ( Thaumalea picta ) is one of the most beautiful species. The silver pheasant ( Euplocamus nychthemerus ) of China, and several related species from Southern Asia, are very beautiful.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The ruffed grouse. [Southern U.S.]

&hand; Various other birds are locally called pheasants , as the lyre bird, the leipoa, etc.

Fireback pheasant . See Fireback . -- Gold , &or; Golden , pheasant (Zo\'94l.) , a Chinese pheasant ( Thaumalea picta ), having rich, varied colors. The crest is amber-colored, the rump is golden yellow, and the under parts are scarlet. -- Mountain pheasant (Zo\'94l.) , the ruffed grouse. [Local, U.S.] -- Pheasant coucal (Zo\'94l.) , a large Australian cuckoo ( Centropus phasianus ). The general color is black, with chestnut wings and brown tail. Called also pheasant cuckoo . The name is also applied to other allied species. -- Pheasant duck . (Zo\'94l.) (a) The pintail . (b) The hooded merganser. -- Pheasant parrot (Zo\'94l.) , a large and beautiful Australian parrakeet ( Platycercus Adelaidensis ). The male has the back black, the feathers margined with yellowish blue and scarlet, the quills deep blue, the wing coverts and cheeks light blue, the crown, sides of the neck, breast, and middle of the belly scarlet. -- Pheasant's eye . (Bot.) (a) A red-flowered herb ( Adonis autumnalis ) of the Crowfoot family; -- called also pheasant's-eye Adonis . (b) The garden pink ( Dianthus plumarius ); -- called also Pheasant's-eye pink . -- Pheasant shell (Zo\'94l.) , any marine univalve shell of the genus Phasianella , of which numerous species are found in tropical seas. The shell is smooth and usually richly colored, the colors often forming blotches like those of a pheasant. -- Pheasant wood . (Bot.) Same as Partridge wood (a) , under Partridge . -- Sea pheasant (Zo\'94l.) , the pintail. -- Water pheasant . (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sheldrake . (b) The hooded merganser.

<page="1076"> Page 1076

Pheasantry <Xpage=1076>

Pheas"ant*ry (?) , n. [Cf. F. faisanderie .] A place for keeping and rearing pheasants.

Gwilt.

Phebe <Xpage=1076>

Phe"be (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) See Ph\'d2be .

Pheer <Xpage=1076>

Pheer , n. See 1st Fere . [Obs.]

Spenser.

Pheese <Xpage=1076>

Pheese (?) , v. t. To comb; also, to beat; to worry. [Obs. or Local] See Feaze , v.

Pheese <Xpage=1076>

Pheese , n. Fretful excitement. [Obs. or Local] See Feaze , n.

Phelloderm <Xpage=1076>

Phel"lo*derm (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ cork + -derm .] (Bot.) A layer of green parenchimatous cells formed on the inner side of the phellogen.

Phellogen <Xpage=1076>

Phel"lo*gen (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ cork + -gen .] (Bot.) The tissue of young cells which produces cork cells.

Phelloplastics <Xpage=1076>

Phel`lo*plas"tics (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ cork + <?/ to mold.] Art of modeling in cork.

Phenacite <Xpage=1076>

Phen"a*cite (?) , n. [Gr. <?/, <?/, impostor, deceiver.] (Min.) A glassy colorless mineral occurring in rhombohedral crystals, sometimes used as a gem. It is a silicate of glucina, and receives its name from its deceptive similarity to quartz.

Phenakistoscope <Xpage=1076>

Phen`a*kis"to*scope (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ a deceiver + -scope .] A revolving disk on which figures drawn in different relative attitudes are seen successively, so as to produce the appearance of an object in actual motion, as an animal leaping, etc., in consequence of the persistence of the successive visual impressions of the retina. It is often arranged so that the figures may be projected upon a screen.

Phenanthrene <Xpage=1076>

Phe*nan"threne (?) , n. [ Phen yl + antr ac ene .] (Chem.) A complex hydrocarbon, C14H10 , found in coal tar, and obtained as a white crystalline substance with a bluish fluorescence.

Phenanthridine <Xpage=1076>

Phe*nan"thri*dine (?) , n. [ Phenanthr ene + pyr idine .] (Chem.) A nitrogenous hydrocarbon base, C13H9N , analogous to phenanthrene and quinoline.

Phenanthroline <Xpage=1076>

Phe*nan"thro*line (?) , n. [ Phenanthr ene + quin oline .] (Chem.) Either of two metameric nitrogenous hydrocarbon bases, C12H8N2 , analogous to phenanthridine, but more highly nitrogenized.

Phene <Xpage=1076>

Phene (?) , n. (Chem.) Benzene. [Obs.]

Phenetol <Xpage=1076>

Phe"ne*tol (?) , n. [ Phen yl + et hyl + L. ol eum oil.] (Chem.) The ethyl ether of phenol, obtained as an aromatic liquid, C6H5.O.C2H5 .

Phenic <Xpage=1076>

Phe"nic (?) , a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, phenyl or phenol.

Phenic acid (Chem.) , a phenol. [Obsoles.]

Phenician <Xpage=1076>

Phe*ni"cian (?) , a. & n. See Ph\'d2nician .

Phenicine <Xpage=1076>

Phen"i*cine (?) , n. [Gr. foi^nix purple red: cf. F. ph\'82nicine .] (Chem.) (a) A purple powder precipitated when a sulphuric solution of indigo is diluted with water. (b) A coloring matter produced by the action of a mixture of strong nitric and sulphuric acids on phenylic alcohol.

Watts.

Phenicious <Xpage=1076>

Phe*ni"cious (?) , a. [L. phoeniceus , Gr. foini`keos , from <?/ purple red.] Of a red color with a slight mixture of gray.

Dana.

Phenicopter <Xpage=1076>

Phen`i*cop"ter (?) , n. [L. phoenicopterus , Gr. foiniko`pteros , i.e., red-feathered; foi^nix , foi`nikos , purple red + ptero`n feather: cf. F. ph\'82nicopt\'8are .] (Zo\'94l.) A flamingo.

Phenix <Xpage=1076>

Phe"nix (?) , n. ; pl. Phenixes (#) . [L. phoenix , Gr. foi^nix .] [Written also ph\'d2nix .] 1. (Gr. Myth.) A bird fabled to exist single, to be consumed by fire by its own act, and to rise again from its ashes. Hence, an emblem of immortality.

2. (Astron.) A southern constellation.

3. A marvelous person or thing. [R.]

Latimer.

<-- rise like a phoenix, to resume an endeavor after an apparently final defeat -->

Phenogamia <Xpage=1076>

Phen`o*ga"mi*a (?) , n. pl. (Bot.) Same as Ph\'91nogamia .

Phenogamian, Phenogamic, Phenogamous <Xpage=1076>

Phen`o*ga"mi*an (?) , Phen`o*gam"ic (?) , Phe*nog"a*mous (?) , a. Same as Ph\'91nogamian , Ph\'91nogamic , etc.

Phenol <Xpage=1076>

Phe"nol (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ to show + -ol : cf. F. ph\'82nol .] (Chem.) 1. A white or pinkish crystalline substance, C6H5OH , produced by the destructive distillation of many organic bodies, as wood, coal, etc., and obtained from the heavy oil from coal tar.

&hand; It has a peculiar odor, somewhat resembling creosote, which is a complex mixture of phenol derivatives. It is of the type of alcohols, and is called also phenyl alcohol , but has acid properties, and hence is popularly called carbolic acid , and was formerly called phenic acid . It is a powerful caustic poison, and in dilute solution has been used as an antiseptic.

2. Any one of the series of hydroxyl derivatives of which phenol proper is the type.

Glacial phenol (Chem.) , pure crystallized phenol or carbolic acid. -- Phenol acid (Chem.) , any one of a series of compounds which are at once derivatives of both phenol and some member of the fatty acid series; thus, salicylic acid is a phenol acid . <-- s.a. is not a fatty acid, but a benzoic acid derivative. IT should say "carboxylic acid" --> -- Phenol alcohol (Chem.) , any one of series of derivatives of phenol and carbinol which have the properties of both combined; thus, saligenin is a phenol alcohol . -- Phenol aldehyde (Chem.) , any one of a series of compounds having both phenol and aldehyde properties. -- Phenol phthalein . See under Phthalein .

Phenolate <Xpage=1076>

Phe"no*late (?) , n. [ Phenol + -ate .] (Chem.) A compound of phenol analogous to a salt.

Phenomenal <Xpage=1076>

Phe*nom"e*nal (?) , a. [Cf. F. ph\'82nom\'82nal .] Relating to, or of the nature of, a phenomenon; hence, extraordinary; wonderful; as, a phenomenal memory . -- Phe*nom"e*nal*ly , adv.

Phenomenalism <Xpage=1076>

Phe*nom"e*nal*ism (?) , n. (Metaph.) That theory which limits positive or scientific knowledge to phenomena only, whether material or spiritual.

Phenomenist <Xpage=1076>

Phe*nom"e*nist (?) , n. One who believes in the theory of phenomenalism.

Phenomenology <Xpage=1076>

Phe*nom`e*nol"o*gy (?) , n. [ Phenomenon + -logy : cf. F. ph\'82nom\'82nologie .] A description, history, or explanation of phenomena. "The phenomenology of the mind."

Sir W. Hamilton.

Phenomenon <Xpage=1076>

Phe*nom"e*non (?) , n. ; pl. Phenomena (#) . [L. phaenomenon , Gr. faino`menon , fr. fai`nesqai to appear, fai`nein to show. See Phantom .] 1. An appearance; anything visible; whatever, in matter or spirit, is apparent to, or is apprehended by, observation; as, the phenomena of heat, light, or electricity; phenomena of imagination or memory.

In the phenomena of the material world, and in many of the phenomena of mind. Stewart.

2. That which strikes one as strange, unusual, or unaccountable; an extraordinary or very remarkable person, thing, or occurrence; as, a musical phenomenon .

Phenose <Xpage=1076>

Phe"nose` (?) , n. [ Phen yl + dextr ose .] (Chem.) A sweet amorphous deliquescent substance obtained indirectly from benzene, and isometric with, and resembling, dextrose.

Phenyl <Xpage=1076>