The Employments of Women: A Cyclopædia of Woman's Work

Part 2

Chapter 21,548 wordsPublic domain

This work contains five hundred and thirty-three articles, more than five hundred of which are descriptions of the occupations in which women are, or may be engaged--the effect of each on the health--the rate of wages paid for those carried on in the United States--a comparison in the prices of male and female labor of the same kind--the length of time required to learn the business fully, and the time required to learn the part done by women--whether women are paid while learning--the qualifications needed--the prospect of future employment in each branch--the seasons best for work, and if in any season the women are thrown entirely out of work--the usual number of hours employed, and, if the working time exceeds ten hours, whether it could be shortened without serious loss of profit--and the comparative superiority or inferiority of women to men in each branch. Also, openings in the Southern States for certain branches of business--the prices of board for workwomen, and the remarks of employers--with a list of the occupations suitable for the afflicted. In addition are articles on unusual employments in the United States, England, France, and other countries--minor employments in the United States, England, and France. Also, a notice of the occupations in which no women are engaged in any country--those in which none are engaged in this country--those in which very few are engaged.

HEADS OF SUBJECTS.

Professional Women. Artists. Those in Mercantile Pursuits. Employments pertaining to Grain, Birds, Flowers, Fruits, and Vegetables. Raisers, Makers, Preparers, and Disposers of Articles of Food. Textile Manufacturers--Cotton, Linen, Woollen, Silk, Lace. Metal Manufacturers--Iron, Brass, Steel, Copper, Tin, Britannia, Silver, Silver Plating, Bronze, Gold. Miscellaneous Workers on Indian Goods, Inkstands, Lithoconia, Marble, Mineral Door-Knobs, Paper Cutting, Papier Maché, Pipes, Porcelain, Pottery, Stucco Work, Terra Cotta, and Transferring on Wood. Glass Manufacturers. China Decorators. Leather Manufacturers. Whalebone Workers. Brush Manufacturers. Ivory Cutters. Pearl Workers. Tortoise-Shell Workers. Gum-Elastic Manufacturers. Gutta-Percha Manufacturers. Hair Workers. Willow Ware. Wood Work. Agents. Manufacturers, and Colorers of Ladies' Apparel. Fitters, Cutters, and Sewers of Ladies' and Children's Wear. Upholsterers. Manufacturers of Books, Ink, Paper, and Pencils. Chemicals. Those who serve as a Communicating Medium between Employers and others. Those that contribute to the Comfort or Amusement of others. Mistresses and Domestics. Miscellaneous Occupations. Employments for the Afflicted. Unusual Employments. Minor Employments. Occupations in which no Women are engaged, &c. Openings in the South for certain branches of business. Prices of Board for Workwomen, and Remarks of Employers. Number of Work Hours. Extracts from the Census Report of 1860. Industrial Statistics of Paris.

CONTENTS.

=Professional Women.=

PAGE

1. Amanuenses, 1

2. Astronomers, 1

3. Authors, 2

4. Bankers and Clerks, 7

5. Bible Readers, 5

6. Brokers, 8

7. Colonizationists, 9

8. Colportors, 9

9. Copyists, 10

10. Deaconesses, 11

11. Dentists, 14

12. Editresses, 14

13. Government Clerks, 16

14. Lawyers, 17

15. Lecturers, 18

16. Librarians, 19

17. Magazine Contributors, 21

18. Missionaries, 22

19. Medical Missionaries, 23

20. Physicians, 24

21. Preachers, 30

22. Proof Readers, 30

23. Publishers, 31

24. Readers to the Working Classes, 32

25. Reporters, 33

26. Reviewers, 34

27. Teachers, 36

28. Bookkeeping, 39

29. Calisthenics and Dancing, 41

30. Drawing and Painting, 41

31. Fancy Work, 42

32. Horsemanship, 42

33. Infant Schools, 43

34. Languages, 44

35. Music, 44

36. Navigation, 45

37. Swimming, 45

38. Translators, 45

Artists.

39. Actresses, 47

40. Aquaria Makers, 50

41. Architects, 51

42. Cameo Cutters, 52

43. Copperplate Engravers, 53

44. Daguerreans, 53

45. Design, Schools of, 55

46. Designers (Miscellaneous), 59

47. Calico Prints, 60

48. Wall Paper, 61

49. Draughtswomen, 61

50. Employés in the United States Mint, 61

51. Engravers and Chasers of Gold and Silver, 62

52. Equestrians and Gymnasts, 64

53. Etchers and Stamp Cutters, 65

54. Herbarium Makers, 65

55. Lapidaries, 66

56. Landscape Gardeners, 67

57. Lithographers, 68

58. Map Makers, 71

59. Medallists, 73

60. Modellers, 73

61. Modellers of Wax Figures, 74

62. Mineral Labellers, 75

63. Musicians, 75

64. Music Engravers, 77

65. Opera Performers, 77

66. Painters, 79

67. Animals, 81

68. Banners, 81

69. Crayon and Pastel, 81

70. Flowers and Fruit, 82

71. Fresco, 82

72. Historical, 82

73. Landscape, 82

74. Marine, 83

75. Miniature, 83

76. Panorama, 84

77. Portrait, 84

78. Water Colors, 85

79. Painters of Dial Plates, 85

80. Picture Restorers, 85

81. Piano Tuners, 86

82. Plaster Statuary, 87

83. Painters of Plates for Books, 88

84. Photographers, 90

85. Preparers of Scientific Plates, 94

86. Seal Engravers, 94

87. Sculptors, 94

88. Steel and other Engravers, 96

89. Bank Note, 97

90. Card, 98

91. Door Plate, 98

92. Map, 98

93. Pictorial and Heraldry, 99

94. Telegraph Operators, 100

95. Vocalists, 102

96. Wax Work, 102

97. Wood Engravers, 103

Mercantile Pursuits.

98. Merchants, 104

99. Bookkeepers, 106

100. Book Merchants, 108

101. China Merchants, 109

102. Clothiers, 110

103. Curiosity Dealers, 115

104. Druggists and Clerks, 115

105. Keepers of Fancy Stores, 119

106. Gentlemen's Furnishing Stores, 119

107. Furniture Sellers, 120

108. Grocers, 121

109. Junk Dealers, 122

110. Music Sellers, 122

111. Sellers of Artists' Materials, 123

112. Seeds, Roots, and Herbs, 124

113. Small Wares, 124

114. Tobacco, Snuff, and Cigars, 125

115. Saleswomen, 125

116. Street Sellers, 131

117. Toy Merchants, 134

118. Wall Paper, 134

119. Worn Clothes, 134

120. Variety Shops, 136

Employments pertaining to Grain, Birds, Flowers, Fruits, and Vegetables.

121. Agriculturists, 136

122. Bee Dealers, 137

123. Bird Importers and Raisers, 137

124. Bird and Animal Preservers, 138

125. Florists, 140

126. Flower Girls, 142

127. Fruit Growers, 142

128. Fruit Venders, 143

129. Gardeners, 144

130. Makers of Cordial, &c., 144

131. Root, Bark, and Seed Sellers, 145

132. Seed Envelopers and Herb Packers, 145

133. Sellers of Pets, 147

134. Wine Manufacturers and Grape Growers, 147

Raisers, Makers, Preparers, and Disposers of Articles of Food.

135. Bakers (Bread), 148

136. Brewers, 150

137. Candy Manufacturers, 150

138. Cheese Makers, 152

139. Coffee and Chocolate Packers, 153

140. Cracker Bakers, 154

141. Fancy Confectionery, 154

142. Fish women, 158

143. Macaroni, 159

144. Maple Sugar, 159

145. Market Women, 159

146. Meat Sellers, 161

147. Milk Sellers and Dairy Women, 162

148. Mince Meat, Apple Butter, &c., 163

149. Mustard Packers, 164

150. Oyster Sellers, 164

151. Pie Bakers, 164

152. Picklers of Oysters, 166

153. Poulterers, 166

154. Restaurant Keepers, 167

155. Sealed Provisions, 168

156. Sugar Boilers, 170

157. Tea Packers, 170

158. Vermicelli, 171

159. Vinegar, 171

160. Yeast, 172

Textile Manufactures.

161. COTTON MANUFACTURE, 172

162. Batting and Wadding, 175

163. Calicoes, 175

164. Canton Flannel, 176

165. Carpet Chains, 176

166. Cord, 177

167. Dyers, 177

168. Factory Operatives, 180

169. Gingham, 183

170. Hose, 184

171. Men's Wear, 186

172. Print Works, 186

173. Spinners, 189

174. Spool Cotton, 189

175. Tape, 190

176. Weavers, 190

177. LINEN MANUFACTURE, 191

178. Thread, 193

179. WOOLLEN MANUFACTURE, 194

180. Blankets, 195

181. Carpets, 195

182. Carpet Bags, 196

183. Cassimeres, 197

184. Cloths, 198

185. Coverlets, 201

186. Dry-Goods Refinishers, 201

187. Flannels, 201

188. Gloves, 203 Woollen, 205

189. Linseys, 205

190. Shawls, 207

191. Shoddy, 207

192. Yarn, 207

193. SILK MANUFACTURE, 208

194. Ribbons, 209

195. Sewing Silk, 210

196. LACE MANUFACTURE, 211

197. " Menders, 212

198. HAIR CLOTH MANUFACTURE, 213

Metal Manufactures.

199. IRON MANUFACTURE, 214

200. Files, 215

201. Guns, 215

202. Hinges, 215

203. Locks, 216

204. Nails, 217

205. Rivets, 217

206. Screws, 217

207. Skates, 218

208. Shovels, 218

209. Wire Workers, 218

BRASS MANUFACTURE, 219

210. Candlesticks, 219

211. Hooks and Eyes, 220

212. Lamps, 221

213. Pins, 221

214. Rings, 223

215. Scales, 223

216. Stair Rods, 224

217. STEEL MANUFACTURE, 224

218. Buckles, 224

219. Edge Tools, 225

220. Electrical Machines, 226

221. Fire Arms, 226

222. Knives and Forks, 226

223. Needles, 227

224. Pens, 228

225. Philosophical Apparatus, 229

226. Saws, 230

227. Scissors, 230

228. Spectacles, 230

229. Surgical Instruments, 232

230. Telescopes, 232

231. Thermometers, 232

232. COPPER MANUFACTURE, 232

233. TIN MANUFACTURE, 233

234. Lanterns, 233

235. BRITANNIA WARE, 234

236. SILVER MANUFACTURE, 234

237. Burnishers, 234

238. Thimbles, 236

239. SILVER PLATING, 237

240. BRONZE MANUFACTURE, 237

241. GOLD MANUFACTURE, 237

242. Assayers, 238

243. Enamellers, 238

244. Gold and Silver Leaf, 239

245. Jewellers' Findings, 240

246. Pencils, 241

247. Pens, 241

248. Watches, 242

249. Watch-Case Polishers, 244

250. Watch Chains, 246

251. Watch Jewels, 248

=Miscellaneous Works.= 248

252. Indian Goods, 248

253. Inkstands, 248

254. Lithoconia, 249

255. Marble Workers, 249

256. Mineral Door-Knobs, 250

257. Paper Cutters, 250

258. Papier-Maché Finishers, 250

259. Pipes, 251

260. Porcelain, 251

261. Pottery, 252

262. Stucco Work, 253

263. Terra Cotta 253

264. Transferrers on Wood, 253

265. =Glass Manufacture.= 253

266. Blowers, 255

267. Beads, 255

268. Cutters, 256

269. Embossers, 256

270. Enamellers, 256

271. Engravers, 257

272. Painters, 257

273. Stainers, 258

274. Watch Crystals, 259

275. =China Decorators and Burnishers.= 260

276. =Leather.= 261

277. Currying, 262

278. Harnesses, 262

279. Jewel and Instrument Cases, 263

280. Morocco Sewers, 263

281. Pocket Books, 264

282. Saddle Seats, 265

283. Tanning, 265

284. Trunks, 266

285. Whips, 266

286. =Whalebone Workers.= 267