Part 19

_Adans._ = Adanson. _Ait._ Aiton. _All._ Allioni. _Andr._ Andrews. _Arn._ Arnott. _Aub._ Aublet. _Bartr._ Bartram. _Beauv._ Palisot de Beauvois. _Benth._ Bentham. _Bernh._ Bernhardi. _Bigel._ Jacob Bigelow. _Bong._ Bongard. _Bonpl._ Bonpland. _Br._ or _R. Br._ Robert Brown. _Cass._ Cassini. _Cav._ Cavanilles. _Cham._ Chamisso. _Chapm._ Chapman. _Chois._ Choisy. _Clayt._ Clayton. _Curt._ Curtis. _Curt. (M. A.)_ M. A. Curtis. _Darl._ Darlington. _DC._ } DeCandolle. _DeCand._ } _A. DC._ Alphonse DeCandolle. _Desc._ Descourtilz. _Desf._ Desfontaines. _Desv._ Desvaux. _Dill._ Dillenius. _Dougl._ Douglas. _Duham._ Duhamel. _Dun._ Dunal. _Eat._ Eaton (Amos) or D. C. _Ehrh._ Ehrhart. _Ell._ Elliott. _Endl._ Endlicher. _Engelm._ Engelmann. _Engl._ Engler. _Fisch._ Fischer. _Froel._ Froelich. _Gaertn._ Gaertner. _Gaud._ Gaudin. _Gaudich._ Gaudichaud. _Ging._ Gingins. _Gmel._ Gmelin. _Good._ Goodenough. _Grev._ Greville. _Griseb._ Grisebach. _Gron._ } Gronovius. _Gronov._ } _Hall._ Haller. _Hartm._ Hartmann. _Hartw._ Hartweg. _Harv._ Harvey. _Haw._ Haworth. _Hegelm._ Hegelmaier. _Hemsl._ Hemsley. _Herb._ Herbert. _Hoffm._ Hoffmann. _Hoffmans._ Hoffmansegg. _Hook._ Hooker. _Hook. f._ J. D. Hooker. _Hornem._ Hornemann. _Huds._ Hudson. _Humb._ Humboldt. _HBK._ Humboldt, Bonpland, and Kunth. _Jacq._ Jacquin. _Jacq. f._ J. F. Jacquin. _Juss._ Jussieu. _A. Juss._ Adrien de Jussieu. _Kit._ Kitaibel. _L._ or _Linn._ Linnaeus. _Labill._ Labillardiere. _Lag._ Lagasca. _Lam._ Lamarck. _Ledeb._ Ledebour. _Lehm._ Lehmann. _Lesq._ Lesquereux. _Less._ Lessing. _Lestib._ Lestibudois. _L'Her._ L'Heritier. _Lindb._ Lindberg. _Lindh._ Lindheimer. _Lindl._ Lindley. _Lodd._ Loddiges. _Loud._ Loudon. _M. Bieb._ Marschall von Bieberstein. _Marsh._ Marshall (Humphrey). _Mart._ Martius. _Mast._ = Masters. _Maxim._ Maximowicz. _Meisn._ } Meisner or _Meissn._ } Meissner. _Michx._ or _Mx._ Michaux. _Michx. f._ F. A. Michaux. _Mill._ Miller. _Miq._ Miquel. _Mitch._ Mitchell. _Moc._ Mocino. _Moq._ Moquin-Tandon. _Moric._ Moricand. _Moris._ Morison. _Muell. Arg._ J. Mueller. _Muell. (F.)_ Ferdinand Mueller. _Muhl._ Muhlenberg. _Murr._ Murray. _Naud._ Naudin. _Neck._ Necker. _Nees_ } Nees von Esenbeck. _N. ab E._ } _Nutt._ Nuttall. _Oed._ Oeder. _Ort._ Ortega. _P. de Beauv._ Palisot de Beauvois. _Pall._ Pallas. _Parl._ Parlatore. _Pav._ Pavon. _Pers._ Persoon. _Planch._ Planchon. _Pluk._ Plukenet. _Plum._ Plumier. _Poir._ Poiret. _Radlk._ Radlkofer. _Raf._ Rafinesque. _Red._ Redoute. _Reichenb._ Reichenbach. _Rich._ L. C. Richard. _Rich. f._ or _A._ Achille Richard. _Richards._ Richardson. _Ridd._ Riddell. _Roem. & Schult._ Roemer & Schultes. _Rottb._ Rottboell. _Rupr._ Ruprecht. _St. Hil._ Saint-Hilaire. _Salisb._ Salisbury. _Schk._ Schkuhr. _Schlecht._ Schlechtendal. _Schrad._ Schrader. _Schreb._ Schreber. _Schwein._ Schweinitz. _Scop._ Scopoli. _Spreng._ Sprengel. _Sternb._ Sternberg. _Steud._ Steudel. _Sull._ Sullivant. _Thunb._ Thunberg. _Torr._ Torrey. _Tourn._ Tournefort. _Trautv._ Trautvetter. _Trin._ Trinius. _Tuck._ Tuckerman. _Vaill._ Vaillant. _Vent._ Ventenat. _Vill._ Villars. _Wahl._ Wahlenberg. _Walds._ Waldstein. _Wall._ Wallich. _Wallr._ Wallroth. _Walp._ Walpers. _Walt._ Walter. _Wang._ Wangenheim. _Wats._ Sereno Watson, unless other initials are given. _Wedd._ Weddell. _Wendl._ Wendland. _Wiks._ Wikstrom. _Willd._ Willdenow. _Wulf._ Wulfen. _Zucc._ Zuccarini. _Zuccag._ Zuccagini.

GLOSSARY AND INDEX,

OR

DICTIONARY OF THE PRINCIPAL TERMS IN DESCRIPTIVE BOTANY, COMBINED WITH AN INDEX.

For the convenience of unclassical students, the commoner Latin and Greek words (or their equivalents in English form) which enter into the composition of botanical names, as well as of technical terms, are added to this Glossary. The numbers refer to pages.

_A_, at the beginning of words of Greek derivation, commonly signifies a negative, or the absence of something; as apetalous, without petals; aphyllous, leafless, &c. In words beginning with a vowel, the prefix is _an_; as anantherous, destitute of anther.

_Abnormal_, contrary to the usual or the natural structure.

_Aboriginal_, original in the strictest sense; same as indigenous.

_Abortive_, imperfectly formed, or rudimentary.

_Abortion_, the imperfect formation or the non-formation of some part.

_Abrupt_, suddenly terminating; as, for instance,

_Abruptly pinnate_, pinnate without an odd leaflet at the end, 58.

_Acantho-_, spiny.

_Acaulescent_ (_acaulis_), apparently stemless; the proper stem, bearing the leaves and flowers, being very short or subterranean.

_Accessory_, something additional; as _Accessory buds_, 30, 31; _Accessory fruits_, 118.

_Accrescent_, growing larger after flowering.

_Accrete_, grown to.

_Accumbent_, lying against a thing. The cotyledons are accumbent when they lie with their edges against the radicle, 128.

_Acephalous_, headless.

_Acerose_, needle-shaped, as the leaves of Pines.

_Acetabuliform_, saucer-shaped.

_Achaenium_, or _Achenium_ (plural _achenia_), a one-seeded, seed-like fruit, 120.

_Achlamydeous_ (flower), without floral envelopes, 86.

_Acicular_, needle-shaped; more slender than acerose.

_Acinaciform_, scimitar-shaped, like some bean-pods.

_Acines_, the separate grains of a fruit, such as the raspberry.

_Acorn_, the nut of the Oak, 122.

_Acotyledonous_, destitute of cotyledons or seed-leaves.

_Acrogenous_, growing from the apex, as the stems of Ferns and Mosses. _Acrogens_, or _Acrogenous Plants_, a name for the vascular cryptogamous plants, 156.

_Aculeate_, armed with prickles, i. e. _aculei_; as the Rose and Brier.

_Aculeolate_, armed with small prickles, or slightly prickly.

_Acuminate_, taper-pointed, 54.

_Acute_, merely sharp-pointed, or ending in a point less than a right angle, 54.

_Adelphous_ (stamens), joined in a fraternity (_adelphia_); see _monadelphous_, &c.

_Aden_, Greek for gland. So _Adenophorous_, gland-bearing.

_Adherent_, sticking to, or more commonly, growing fast to another body.

_Adnate_, literally, growing fast to, born adherent, 95. The anther is adnate when fixed by its whole length to the filament or its prolongation, 101.

_Adnation_, the state of being adnate, 94.

_Adpressed_ or _appressed_, brought into contact with, but not united.

_Adscendent_, _ascendent_, or _ascending_, rising gradually upwards, 39.

_Adsurgent_, or _assurgent_, same as ascending, 39.

_Adventitious_, out of the proper or usual place; e. g. _Adventitious buds_, 30.

_Adventive_, applied to foreign plants accidentally or sparingly introduced into a country, but hardly to be called naturalized.

_AEquilateral_, equal-sided; opposed to oblique.

_Aerial roots_, &c., 36.

_AEruginous_, verdigris-colored.

_AEstival_, produced in summer.

_AEstivation_, the arrangement of parts in a flower-bud, 97.

_Agamous_, sexless.

_Aggregate fruits_, 118.

_Agrestis_, growing in fields.

_Air-cells_ or _Air-passages_, spaces in the tissue of leaves and some stems, 131.

_Air-Plants_, 36.

_Akene_ or _Akenium_, 120.

_Ala_ (plural, _alae_), a wing; the side-petals of a papilionaceous corolla, 92.

_Alabastrum_, a flower-bud.

_Alar_, situated in the forks of a stem.

_Alate_, winged.

_Albescent_, whitish, or turning white.

_Albus_, Latin for white.

_Albumen_ of the seed, nourishing matter stored up with the embryo, 21, 127.

_Albumen_, a vegetable product, of four elements.

_Albuminous_ (seeds), furnished with albumen, 21.

_Alburnum_, young wood, sap-wood, 142.

_Alliaceous_, with odor of garlic.

_Allogamous_, close fertilization.

_Alpestrine_, subalpine.

_Alpine_, belonging to high mountains above the limit of forests.

_Alternate_ (leaves), one after another, 29, 67. Petals are _alternate_ with the sepals, or stamens with the petals, when they stand over the intervals between them, 82.

_Alveolate_, honeycomb-like.

_Ament_, the scaly spike of trees like the Birch and Willow, 75.

_Amentaceous_, catkin-like, or catkin-bearing.

_Amorphous_, shapeless, without any definite form.

_Amphicarpous_, producing two kinds of fruit.

_Amphigastrium_ (plural, _amphigastria_), a peculiar stipule-like leaf of Liverworts.

_Amphitropous_ ovules or seeds, 111.

_Amphora_, a pitcher-shaped organ.

_Amplectant_, embracing. _Amplexicaul_ (leaves), clasping the stem by the base.

_Ampullaceous_, swelling out like a bottle or bladder (_ampulla_).

_Amylaceous_, _Amyloid_, composed of starch (_amylum_), or starch-like.

_Anandrous_, without stamens.

_Anantherous_, without anthers.

_Ananthous_, destitute of flowers; flowerless.

_Anastomosing_, forming a net-work (_anastomosis_), as the veins of leaves, 50.

_Anatropous_ ovules or seeds, 111.

_Ancipital_ (_anceps_), two-edged.

_Androecium_, a name for the stamens taken together, 98.

_Andro-dioecious_, flowers staminate on one plant, perfect on another.

_Androgynous_, having both staminate and pistillate flowers in the same cluster.

_Androphore_, a column of united stamens, as in a Mallow.

_Androus_, or _Ander_, _andra_, _andrum_, Greek in compounds for male, or stamens.

_Anemophilous_, wind-loving, said of wind-fertilizable flowers, 113.

_Anfractuose_, bent hither and thither as the anthers of the Squash, &c.

_Angiospermae_, _Angiospermous_, with seeds formed in an ovary or pericarp, 109.

_Angular divergence_ of leaves, 69.

_Anisos_, unequal. _Anisomerous_, parts unequal in number. _Anisopetalous_, with unequal petals. _Anisophyllous_, the leaves unequal in the pairs.

_Annual_ (plant), flowering and fruiting the year it is raised from the seed, and then dying, 37.

_Annular_, in the form of a ring, or forming a circle.

_Annulate_, marked by rings; or furnished with an

_Annulus_, or ring, like that of the spore-case of most Ferns. In Mosses it is a ring of cells placed between the mouth of the spore-case and the lid in many species.

_Annotinous_, yearly, or in yearly growths.

_Anterior_, in the blossom, is the part next the bract, i. e. external; while the posterior side is that next the axis of inflorescence. Thus, in the Pea, &c., the keel is _anterior_, and the standard _posterior_, 96.

_Anthela_, an open paniculate cyme.

_Anther_, the essential part of the stamen, which contains the pollen, 14, 80, 101.

_Antheridium_ (plural _antheridia_), the organ in Cryptogams which answers to the anther of Flowering Plants, 150.

_Antheriferous_, anther-bearing.

_Anthesis_, the period or the act of the expansion of a flower.

_Anthocarpus_ (fruits), 118.

_Anthophore_, a stipe between calyx and corolla, 113.

_Anthos_, Greek for flower; in composition, _Monanthous_, one-flowered, &c.

_Anticous_, same as anterior.

_Antrorse_, directed upwards or forwards.

_Apetalous_, destitute of petals, 86.

_Aphyllous_, leafless.

_Apical_, belonging to the apex or point.

_Apiculate_, pointleted; tipped with a small point.

_Apocarpous_ (pistils), when the several pistils of the same flower are separate.

_Apophysis_, any irregular swelling; the enlargement at the base of the spore-case of the Umbrella-Moss.

_Apothecium_, the fructification of Lichens, 171.

_Appendage_, any superadded part. _Appendiculate_, provided with appendages.

_Appressed_, close pressed to the stem, &c.

_Apricus_, growing in dry and sunny places.

_Apterous_, wingless.

_Aquatic_ (_Aquatilis_), living or growing in water; applied to plants whether growing under water, or with all but the base raised out of it.

_Arachnoid_, _Araneose_, cobwebby; clothed with, or consisting of, soft downy fibres.

_Arboreous_, _Arborescent_, tree-like, in size or form, 39.

_Arboretum_, a collection of trees.

_Archegonium_ (plural _archegonia_), the organ in Mosses, &c., which is analogous to the pistil of Flowering Plants.

_Arcuate_, bent or curved like a bow.

_Arenose_ (_Arenarius_), growing in sand.

_Areolate_, marked out into little spaces or _areolae_.

_Argenteous_, or _Argentate_, silvery-like.

_Argillose_, growing in clay.

_Argos_, Greek for pure white; _Argophyllous_ or _Argyrophyllous_, white-leaved, &c.

_Argutus_, acutely dentate.

_Arillate_ (seeds) furnished with an aril.

_Arilliform_, aril-like.

_Arillus_, or _Aril_, a fleshy growth from base of a seed, 126.

_Aristate_, awned, i. e. furnished with an _arista_, like the beard of Barley, &c., 54.

_Aristulate_, diminutive of the last; short-awned.

_Arrect_, brought into upright position.

_Arrow-shaped_ or _Arrow-headed_, same as _sagittate_, 53.

_Articulated_, jointed; furnished with joints or _articulations_, where it separates or inclines to do so. _Articulated leaves_, 57.

_Artificial Classification_, 181.

_Ascending_ (stems, &c.), 39; (seeds or ovules), 110.

_Ascidium_, a pitcher-shaped body, like leaves of Sarracenia.

_Ascus_ (_asci_), a sac, the spore-case of Lichens and some Fungi.

_Aspergilliform_, shaped like the brush used to sprinkle holy water; as the stigmas of many Grasses.

_Asperous_, rough to touch.

_Assimilation_, 144, 147.

_Assurgent_, same as ascending, 39.

_Atropous_ or _Atropal_ (ovules), same as orthotropous.

_Aurantiacous_, orange-colored.

_Aureous_, golden.

_Auriculate_, furnished with _auricles_ or ear-like appendages, 53.

_Autogamy_, self-fertilization, 115.

_Awl-shaped_, sharp-pointed from a broader base, 61.

_Awn_, the bristle or beard of Barley, Oats, &c.; or any similar appendage.

_Awned_ or _Awn-pointed_, furnished with an awn or long bristle-shaped tip, 54.

_Axil_, the angle on the upper side between a leaf and the stem, 13.

_Axile_, belonging to the axis, or occupying the axis.

_Axillary_ (buds, &c.), occurring in an axil, 27.

_Axis_, the central line of any body; the organ round which others are attached; the root and stem. _Ascending_ and _Descending Axis_, 38.

_Baccate_, berried, berry-like, of a pulpy nature like a berry (_bacca_).

_Badius_, chestnut-colored.

_Banner_, see Standard, 92.

_Barbate_, bearded; bearing tufts, spots, or lines of hairs.

_Barbed_, furnished with a _barb_ or double hook; as the apex of the bristle on the fruit of Echinospermum (Stickseed), &c.

_Barbellate_, said of the bristles of the pappus of some Compositae when beset with short, stiff hairs, longer than when denticulate, but shorter than when plumose.

_Barbellulate_, diminutive of barbellate.

_Bark_, the covering of a stem outside of the wood, 138, 140.

_Basal_, belonging or attached to the

_Base_, that extremity of any organ by which it is attached to its support.

_Basifixed_, attached by its base.

_Bast_, _Bast-fibres_, 134.

_Beaked_, ending in a prolonged narrow tip.

_Bearded_, see _barbate_. _Beard_ is sometimes used for awn, more commonly for long or stiff hairs of any sort.

_Bell-shaped_, of the shape of a bell, as the corolla of Harebell, 90.

_Berry_, a fruit pulpy or juicy throughout, as a grape, 119.

_Bi-_ (or _Bis_), in compound words, twice; as

_Biarticulate_, twice-jointed, or two-jointed; separating into two pieces.

_Biauriculate_, having two ears, as the leaf in fig. 126.

_Bicallose_, having two callosities or harder spots.

_Bicarinate_, two-keeled.

_Bicipital_ (_Biceps_), two-headed; dividing into two parts.

_Biconjugate_, twice paired, as when a petiole forks twice.

_Bidentate_, having two teeth (not twice or doubly dentate).

_Biennial_, of two years' continuance; springing from the seed one season, flowering and dying the next, 38.

_Bifarious_, two-ranked; arranged in two rows.

_Bifid_, two-cleft to about the middle.

_Bifoliolate_, a compound leaf of two leaflets, 59.

_Bifurcate_, twice forked; or more commonly, forked into two branches.

_Bijugate_, bearing two pairs (of leaflets, &c.).

_Bilabiate_, two-lipped, as the corolla of Labiatae.

_Bilamellate_, of two plates (_lamellae_), as the stigma of Mimulus.

_Bilobed_, the same as two-lobed.

_Bilocellate_, when a cell is divided into two _locelli_.

_Bilocular_, two-celled; as most anthers, the pod of Foxglove, &c.

_Binary_, in twos.

_Binate_, in couples, two together. _Bipartite_, the Latin form of two-parted.

_Binodal_, of two nodes.

_Binomial_, of two words, as the name of genus and species taken together, 180.

_Bipalmate_, twice palmately divided.

_Biparous_, bearing two.

_Bipinnate_ (leaf), twice pinnate, 58. _Bipinnatifid_, twice pinnatifid, 57.

_Bipinnatisect_, twice pinnately divided.

_Biplicate_, twice folded together.

_Biserial_, or _Biseriate_, occupying two rows, one within the other.

_Biserrate_, doubly serrate, as when the teeth of a leaf are themselves serrate.

_Bisexual_, having both stamens and pistil.

_Biternate_, twice ternate; i. e. principal divisions three, each bearing three leaflets, 59.

_Bladdery_, thin and inflated.

_Blade_ of a leaf, its expanded portion, 49.

_Bloom_, the whitish powder on some fruits, leaves, &c.

_Boat-shaped_, concave within and keeled without, in shape like a small boat.

_Border_ of corolla, &c., 89.

_Brachiate_, with opposite branches at right angles to each other.

_Brachy-_, short, as _Brachycarpous_, short-fruited, &c.

_Bract_ (_Bractea_), the leaf of an inflorescence. Specially, the bract is the small leaf or scale from the axil of which a flower or its pedicel proceeds, 73.

_Bracteate_, furnished with bracts.

_Bracteolate_, furnished with bractlets.

_Bracteose_, with numerous or conspicuous bracts.

_Bractlet_ (_Bracteola_), or _Bracteole_, is a bract seated _on_ the pedicel or flower-stalk, 73.

_Branch_, _Branching_, 27.

_Breathing-pores_, 144.

_Bristles_, stiff, sharp hairs, or any very slender bodies of similar appearance.

_Bristly_, beset with bristles. _Bristle-pointed_, 54.

_Brunneous_, brown.

_Brush-shaped_, see _aspergilliform_.

_Bryology_, that part of botany which relates to Mosses.

_Bryophyta_, _Bryophytes_, 163.

_Bud_, a branch in its earliest or undeveloped state, 27. _Bud-scales_, 63.

_Bulb_, a leaf-bud with fleshy scales, usually subterranean, 46.

_Bulbils_, diminutive bulbs.

_Bulbiferous_, bearing or producing bulbs. _Bulbose_ or _bulbous_, bulb-like in shape, &c.

_Bulblets_, small bulbs, borne above ground, 46.

_Bulb-scales_, 46.

_Bullate_, appearing as if blistered or bladdery (from _bulla_, a bubble).

_Byssaceous_, composed of fine flax-like threads.

_Caducous_, dropping off very early, compared with other parts; as the calyx in the Poppy, falling when the flower opens.

_Caeruleous_, blue. _Caerulescent_, becoming bluish.

_Caespitose_, or _Cespitose_, growing in turf-like patches or tufts.

_Calathiform_, cup-shaped.

_Calcarate_, furnished with a spur (_calcar_), 86, 87.

_Calceolate_ or _Calceiform_, slipper-shaped, like one petal of the Lady's Slipper.

_Callose_, hardened; or furnished with callosities or thickened spots.

_Calvous_, bald or naked of hairs.

_Calyciflorus_, when petals and stamens are adnate to calyx.

_Calycine_, belonging to the calyx.

_Calyculate_, furnished with an outer accessory calyx (_calyculus_) or set of bracts looking like a calyx, as in true Pinks.

_Calyptra_, the hood or veil of the capsule of a Moss, 163.

_Calyptrate_, having a calyptra.

_Calyptriform_, shaped like a calyptra or candle-extinguisher.

_Calyx_, the outer set of the floral envelopes or leaves of the flower, 14, 79.

_Cambium_, _Cambium-layer_, 140.

_Campanulate_, bell-shaped, 90.

_Campylotropous_, or _Campylotropal_, curved ovules and seeds, 111. _Campylospermous_, applied to fruits of Umbelliferae when the seed is curved in at the edges, forming a groove down the inner face; as in Sweet Cicely.

_Canaliculate_, channelled, or with a deep longitudinal groove.

_Cancellate_, latticed, resembling lattice-work.

_Candidus_, Latin for pure white.

_Canescent_, grayish-white; hoary, usually because the surface is covered with fine white hairs. _Incanous_ is whiter still.

_Canous_, whitened with pubescence; see _incanous_.

_Capillaceous_, _Capillary_, hair-like in shape; as fine as hair or slender bristles.

_Capitate_, having a globular apex, like the head on a pin.

_Capitellate_, diminutive of capitate.

_Capitulum_, a close rounded dense cluster or _head_ of sessile flowers, 74.

_Capreolate_, bearing tendrils (from _capreolus_, a tendril).

_Capsule_, a dry dehiscent seed-vessel of a compound pistil, 122.

_Capsular_, relating to, or like a capsule.

_Capture of insects_, 154.

_Carina_, a keel; the two anterior petals of a papilionaceous flower, 92.

_Carinate_, keeled, furnished with a sharp ridge or projection on the lower side.

_Cariopsis_, or _Caryopsis_, the one-seeded fruit or grain of Grasses, 121.

_Carneous_, flesh-colored; pale red. _Carnose_, fleshy in texture.

_Carpel_, or _Carpidium_, a simple pistil or a pistil-leaf, 106.

_Carpellary_, pertaining to a carpel.

_Carpology_, that department of botany which relates to fruits.

_Carpophore_, the stalk or support of a pistil extending between its carpels, 113.

_Carpos_, Greek for fruit.

_Cartilaginous_, or _Cartilagineous_, firm and tough in texture, like cartilage.

_Caruncle_, an excrescence at the scar of some seeds, 126.

_Carunculate_, furnished with a caruncle.

_Caryophyllaceous_, pink-like: applied to a corolla of 5 long-clawed petals.

_Cassideous_, helmet-shaped.

_Cassus_, empty and sterile.

_Catenate_, or _Catenulate_, end to end as in a chain.

_Catkin_, see Ament, 75.

_Caudate_, tailed, or tail-pointed.

_Caudex_, a sort of trunk, such as that of Palms; an upright rootstock, 39, 44.

_Caudicle_, the stalk of a pollen-mass, &c.

_Caulescent_, having an obvious stem, 36.

_Caulicle_, a little stem, or rudimentary stem (of a seedling), 11, 127.

_Cauline_, of or belonging to a stem, 36. _Caulis_, Latin name of stem.

_Caulocarpic_, equivalent to perennial.

_Caulome_, the cauline parts of a plant.

_Cell_ (diminutive, _Cellule_), the cavity of an anther, ovary, &c.; one of the anatomical elements, 131.