Part 35

Feuerbach: "_Anekdota_" 2.64: 60. "Essence of Christianity," 40 ff. p. 394: 391 f. 401: 238. 402: 41. 402, 403: 74. 403: 118. 408: 75. "Principles of the Philosophy of the Future," 453 ff. humanizing the divine, 227. insists on "being," 453 ff. look "rightly and unbiasedly," 449. love a divine power, 391. love is the essence of man, 412. "man the supreme being," 8, 189. opposes Hegel, 453 ff. religion displaces the human, 320. the "divine" exists, 486. "theology is anthropology," 74. "the world a truth to the ancients," 18, 30.

Fichte: his ego is not I, 482. on casuistry of lying, 401. "The ego is all," 237.

Fixed idea: 55 ff.

Forces: man is to exert, 435 f.

Fortune: weak point of present society, 158 ff.

France: laws about education, 459 f.

Francis II (of France): 399 f.

Franke: 77.

Frederick the Great: his cane, 176. tolerant, 230.

Freedom: all want freedom, but not the same freedom, 208 ff. an ignoble cause, 214. if given, is a sham, 219 ff. is riddance, 203 ff., 214 f. of press, 259 ff. of thought, 455 ff. thirsting for, 203 ff.

Fun prohibited, 259 ff.

Galotti, Emilia: 70, 431.

German unity: 303 ff. a dream, 377.

Germany: millennial anniversary, 284 f.

God: my God and the God of all, 189 f. natural objects named after, 467.

God-man: 202, 241.

Goethe: "Faust," 159: 108. 1624-5: 250, 252. 2154: 112, 215, 480. "_Vanitas! vanitatum vanitas!_" 3, 196, 328, 330, 353, 377, 490. "Venetian Epigrams," 46. "Humanus the saint's name," 370. "The spirit 'tis that builds itself the body," 110. poet of _bourgeoisie_, 137. in lucky circumstances, 433.

Good intentions: as pavement (proverbially), 96.

Government: everybody feels competent for, 356 f.

Grandmother: saw spirits, 42.

Greeks: intrigue ended their liberty, 282 f. their philosophy, 19 f.

Guerrillas in Spain: 65.

Guizot: 460.

Gustavus Adolphus: 176.

Gutenberg: served mankind, 164.

Habit: see Custom.

Half: see Hypocrisy.

Hartmann, Eduard von: xiii f.

Heart: cultivated by Socrates, 20 ff. cultivated by the Reformation, 31.

Heartlessness: is crime, 265 f.

Heautontimorumenos: 216.

Heaven-storming: 88 f.

Hegel: "absolute philosophy," 453 ff. condemns "opinion" and what is "mine," 453. finds his own speculations in Bible, 448. in Christian party, 311. insists on reality, "things," 95. it is impossible to tell a lie, 464. personifies thinking, 468. philosopher of _bourgeoisie_, 137. proves philosophy religious, 62. puts the idea into everything, 485. systematizes religion, 125. wants match-making left to parents, 291. wants to remain Lutheran, 120.

Henry VII, Emperor: 120.

Hess: "_Ein und zwanzig Bogen_," p. 12: 138. 89 ff.: 321. "_Triarchie_," p. 76: 234.

Hierarchy: 95 ff.

Higher world: "introduction of," 43, 91.

Highest: same as "supreme," 41 ftn.

Hinrichs: "_Politische Vorlesungen_," 1.280: 345 ftn.

History: as dominant thought, 473, 488 f.

Holbach: head of "plot," 57.

Holy: the same in German as "sacred," 50 ftn.

Holy Spirit: has to be conquered by Christians, 122 ff.

Horace: "_impavidum ferient ruinae_" 121. "_nil admirari_," 121. his philosophy, 28.

Human: exclusive regard for general human interests, 168 ff. you are more than human being, 166 f. human beings desire democracy, 128.

Humanism: 30.

Humanity: labor must relate to, 170 ff. laborers must be allowed to develop, 157 ff.

Hume: "clear head," 111.

Huss: 460.

Hypocrisy: half moral and half egoist, 66 ff.

Idea: accepted as truth, and fixed, 474 ff. as object of respect, 112 ff. see Fixed.

Ideal: constitutes religion, 321. versus real, 484 ff.

Immoral: only class known to moralists besides "moral," 69 ff.

Imparted feelings: 82 ff.

Inca: 448.

Individual: "simple," 344 f.

Inequality: see Equality.

Infanticide: 424.

Insurrection: 420 ff.

Intercourse: not made by a hall, 285 ff. preferred to society, 407.

Interests: ideal and personal, 98 ff.

Ireland: suffrage in, 343.

Jesuits: substantially grant indulgences, 116 f. "the end hallows the means," 118 ff., 140, 430.

Jews: asserting their distinctiveness, 271 ff. emancipated, 220 f. heathen, 29, 123. not altogether egoistic or exclusive, 235 f. unspiritual, 24. whether they are men, 166 ff. will not read this book, 35 f.

Judge: Supreme Being as, 432 f.

Judges: mechanical: 253. what makes them unreliable, 223 f.

Juliet: 290.

Justice: a hate commanded by love, 383.

Kaiser: worthless pamphlet, 344.

Kant: 176.

Klopstock: 83.

Koerner: 77.

"_Kommunisten in der Schweiz_": report on, p. 3: 245. pp. 24, 63: 438.

Kosciusko: 404.

Kotzebue: 64 f.

Krummacher: 58, 266, 441.

Labor: fundamental in Communist society, 156 ff. human vs. unique, 354 ff. lofty and petty, 174 ff. must be thoroughly human, 170 ff. must not be drudgery, 157 ff. of the right kind develops man, 173 ff. problem, 149 ff. too narrow, 163 ff. wanting higher pay, 336 f.

Lais: 80.

Lang, Ritter von: 69.

Lavater: 450.

Law: common or general law, same word in German as "right," 242 ftn. particular law, not same word as "right," 254 ftn. how to break, 258. is a declaration of will, 255 f. is impersonal, 141 f. paralyzes will, 256 ff. sacred in the State, 313 ff. to be respected as such, 254 ff.

Leisure: to be enjoyed humanly, 164 f., 172. to be enjoyed uniquely, 356.

Lenau: "Three Gypsies," 489.

Lessing: "Emilia Galotti," 70, 431. "Nathan der Weise," 71.

Level: rascal and honest man on same, 69 f.

Liberalism: completes Christianity, 226 ff. has made valuable gains, 188 f. rational, 137 f. sees only Man in me, 225 ff.

Liberals: the most modern moderns, 127.

Liberty: individual, does not mean the individual is free, 140 ff. political, means direct subjection State, 138 ff. of the people, is not mine, 280 ff. no objection to its diminution, 408 ff.

Lie: 395 ff.

Life: caring for, 425 ff. should conform to the Supreme Being, 432 ff. true, 426 ff.

"_Lit. Ztg._": 5.12 ff: 185. 5.15, 23: 185. 5.24: 173, 186. 5.26: 166. No. 8: 190 ff. see also Bauer.

Love: as law of our intercourse, 380 ff. how it goes wrong, 388 ff. how originated, 388. in egoism, 385 ff.

Lunatics: see Fixed Idea.

Lusatia: 304.

Luther: appealed to reason, 460. broke his vow, 398. demanded safe conduct to Worms, 282. did his best, 481. "Here I stand, I cannot do otherwise," 78. "He who believes is a God," 109. not understood at first, 30. shows the way to truth, 107 ff.

Lutheranism: goes beyond Puritanism, 120.

Mackay, John Henry: vii f., xi, xiii, 163 ftn.

Making something out of us: 320 f.

Man (adult male): 14 ff.

Man (with capital M): by being man we are equal, 225 ff. cared for to the disregard of men, 100 ff. criticism begins to gibe at, 194. every laborer must be, 170 ff. I am not, 41. I am the real, 233 ff. I am true man, 436 ff. nothing else recognized in me, 225 ff. takes the place of God in the new morality, 72 ff. see also Human, Humanity.

Manlius: 99.

Marat: 99.

Marriage: against will of family, 289 ff.

Marx: "_Deutsch-franzoesische Jahrbuecher_" p. 197: 229.

Masses: attacked by criticism, 185 ff. attacked as "a spiritual being by criticism," 191 ff.

Maxim: as fixed idea, 80 f.

Metternich: "path of genuine freedom," 209.

Middle class: not idealistic, 96 f., 99, 102.

Might: stereotyped into right, 366 f.

Mind: in antiquity, 19 ff. in youth, 11 ff. same German word as "spirit," 10 ftn.

Mirabeau: 131. the people the source of right and power, 131. no power may command the nation's representatives, 306.

Misalliance: 289 ff.

Moderation: 403.

Moderns: 30 ff.

Monarchy: Revolution produces an absolute, 132 ff.

Money: what we shall do about, 363 ff.

Mongolism. 85 ff.

Montgelas: 345 ftn.

Moral influence: 105 ff.

Morality: a form of faith, and Christian, 57 ff. becomes a religion when critically completed, 73 ff. in critical philosophy, 72 ff. is religious, 59 ff.

Napoleon: did not object to conquering, 369. helped himself, 343.

Nationality: 322.

"Nationals" of Germany: 303 ff.

Nauwerk: 307 ff.

Negroid age of Caucasian history: 86.

Nero: 68 ff.

Nietzsche: viii, xiv ff.

Ninon: 80.

Oath: 399 ff., 402 ff.

O'Connell: his motives, 77 f.

Old: wages to, 358 f.

Opposition ends when completed, 273 f.

Opposition party: 66 ff.

Order: in State, 293.

Orders: must not be given, 141 f.

Origen: 71.

Ownness: inalienable, 206 ff. meaning, 203 ftn. must be defended against society, 408 ff. served by union, 410 ff.

Pages cited: xx.

Parcellation: 327 ff.

Party: 310 ff.

Paul, Emperor of Russia: 404.

Pauperism a consequence of the State, 333 ff.

Penalty: product of right, 266 ff.

People: general name for societies, 276 f. German, its thousand years' history, 284 f. hound the police on, 318. its liberty is not mine, 280 ff. peoples have filled history, 276 ff.

Periclean age: 19 ff., 281 ff.

Personification: 468 f.

Pettifoggery: 282 f.

Philanthropism: 100 f.

Philanthropy: hates men, 481 f.

Philosophy: Greek, see Ancients. modern, 109 ff.

Piety: family depends on, 288 ff. meaning of word, 288 ftn.

Pilate: 13, 28, 471 f.

Plowmen: wages for, 359 ff.

Plumb-line: xvii.

Poles: oath imposed upon, 404 f.

Poor-rates: voting by, 343.

Possession: the how much of, 347 f.

Possessions: depend on the State, 150 ff. fundamental in _bourgeois_ society, 147 ff. inward or spiritual, 324 ff., 369 ff. to be respected, 126 f., 323 ff.

Possibility: coincides with reality, 438 ff. means thinkableness, 439 ff.

Precepts: are Mongoloid, 87 ff.

Press: why not left free, 259 ff. liberty of, how to get, 371 ff.

Presupposition: 199 f., 467 ff.

Principle: as fixed idea, 80 f.

Prison society and intercourse: 286 ff.

Private: criticism has to leave the private free, 178 f. the private not recognized by liberalism, 168 ff.

Privilege: 270 ff.

_Prolétariat_: 147 ff.

Propaganda: 320.

Property: civic and egoistic, contrasted, 326 ff. definitions in Roman law, 331 ff. derived from man through Right, 365 ff. individual, opposed by Socialism, 154 ff. is what men really want when they say freedom, 204 ff. mine is what I make my might cover, 338 ff. Proudhon on, 328 ff. recognition of under egoism, 369. see Possessions.

Proprietors, small: 327 ff.

Protestantism: conscientious, 115 ff. consecrates everything, 116 ff.

Proudhon: "_Création de l'Ordre_," 60. p. 414: 162. 485: 302. "_Qu'est-ce que la Propriété?_" p. 83: 328. 90: 391. as parson, 466. property a fact, 332. "property is robbery," 100, 330 ff., 419. substantially agrees with Stirner, xv.

Provence, Count of: 209.

Punishment: involves sacredness, 315 ff.

Pyrrho: 28.

Rabble: 341 ff.

Ragamuffin: 152 ff. going beyond ragamuffinhood, 184.

Raphael: 355.

Rational: etymology of "rational" in German, 81 ftn.

Reality: versus ideality, 484 ff.

Realizing value from self: 335 ff., 360 f.

Reason: as supreme, 460 f.

Reciprocity: 413 f.

References to pages: xx.

Reform is Mongoloid, 86 ff.

Reformation (the Protestant): takes hold of heart, 31. alters hierarchy, 107 ff.

Regulus: 99.

Reimarus: "Most Notable Truths of Natural Religion," 62 f.

Reisach, Count von: 345 ftn.

Relation: of different persons to objects, 447 ff.

Religion: is freedom of mind, 62 f. morality is religious, 59 ff. of humanity, 229 f. tolerance in, 229 ff.

Republic: 299 f.

Revenge: the people's just, 266 ff.

Reverence: 92 ff.

Revolution (the French): began over property, 130. equality of rights, 246. established absolute government, 132 ff. immoral, 72. its true nature, 143 ff. made men citizens, 155 f.

Revolutionist: is to lie, 396 f.

Rid: freedom is being rid, 203 ff., 214 f.

Right: absolute, 269. as basis of property, 366 ff. commonwealth of (_Rechtsstaat_), 244, 253. equality of, 270 ff. is a law foreign to me, 242 ff. my right derived from myself, 245 ff. rights by birth, 248 ff. same word in German as "law," 242 ftn. serves him right, 254. well-earned rights, 248 ff. rights change hands at the Revolution, 132 ff.

Robespierre: 77. a priest, 99. consistent, 102. devoted to virtue, 77. not serviceable to middle class, 102 f.

Romans: in philosophy, 28. killed children, 250.

Romanticists: rehabilitate the idea of spirits, 43.

Rome: decline and fall of, 277 f.

Rousseau: hostile to culture, 96 ftn.

Rudolph (in Sue's story): 387.

Ruge: "_Anekdota_" 1. 120, 127: 460.

Russia: boundary sentinels, 247. flight of army in, 424.

Russians: as Mongolian, 86.

Sacred: gibing at, 369 ff. the same in German as "holy," 50 ftn. things are sacred of themselves, 118 ff. wherein the sacred consists, 92 ff.

Sacred things: their diagnosis and extension, 45 ff.

Sacrifice: when I sacrifice somebody else's comfort to my principles, etc., 97 f.

"_Saechsische Vaterlandsblaetter_": 57.

Saint-Just: 99. "Political Speeches," 10, p. 153: 268. "criminal for not hating," 267.

Sake: acting for one's own sake, 210 ff. immoralities for God's sake and for mine, 398 f.

Sand, George: 466.

Sand (murderer of Kotzebue): 64 f.

Sander: 379.

Schiller: "Ideal and Life," 428. "The Maiden from a Foreign Land," 35. "_Worte des Glaubens_," 111. complete in his poems, 175. have I a right to my nose? 246. Swabian, 176.

Schlemihl, Peter: 25.

Schlosser: "_Achtzehntes Jahrhundert_," 57.

Scholarships at universities: 347 ftn.

Seducing young people to morality, 212 f.

Self: as starting-point or goal, 427 f., 437 f.

Self-discovery: first, 11. second, 15.

Selfishness: groundlessly decried, 221 ff. in "unselfish" acts, 77 f. the only thing that is really trusted, 223 f.

Self-renunciation: of holy and unholy men, 75 ff.

Self-sacrificing: discussion of the implications of the German word, 96 ff. literal force of the German word, 97 ftn.

Self-seekers always acted so: 341.

Sensuality: in Protestantism and Catholicism, 116 ff.

September laws: 374.

Seriousness: 85.

Settled life: necessary to respectability, 147 f.

Shabbiness: 400.

Shakspere: "Romeo and Juliet," 290.

Sick: wages to, 358 f.

Sigismund: 398.

Simonides: 26.

Sinner: does not exist, 479 ff.

Skeptics (Greek): 22, 28.

Small properties: 327 ff.

Socialism: 152 ff.

Society: is to be sole owner, 153 ff. its character depends on its members, 276 f. made by a hall, 285 ff. man's state of nature, 406 ff. may provide consequences where State provides penalties, 314 f.

Socrates: in history of philosophy, 20 f. should not have respected the sentence of the court, 281 f. too moral to break jail, 72.

Sophists: 19 ff.

Sordidness: 400.

Spartans: killed children, 250.

Speculation: 405.

Sphinx: 451.

Spirit: as the essential part of man, 36 ff. free from the world, 32 ff. has to be conquered by moderns, 122 ff. same German word as "mind," 10 ftn. the seat of equality, 226 ff.

Spirits: are all around us, 42 ff.

Spiritual goods: shall we hold them sacred? 369 ff.

Spook: "essences" are spooks, 50 ff.

Spy: 395, 403.

Standpoint: as fixed idea, 80 ff.

State: a fellowship of human beings, 128 ff. cannot exist if I have a will of my own, 255 ff. cares not for me, but for itself, 333 ff. Christianizes people, 296. claims to be a person, 295 f. criticism gives up, 190 f. has to be harsh, 259 ff., 262 ff. holds laws sacred, 313 ff. is the established, 293 f. its relation to property, 333 ff. means order, 293. officials and plutocrats overcharge us, 151 f., 357 f. sick, 262. taking part in, 307 ff.

Stein: his disloyalty to a "simple individual," 345 ftn.

Stirner: motives for writing, 393 f., 406.

Stoics: 27 f. apathy, 121. "wise man," 121, 485.

Strange: the same in German as "alien," 47 ftn.

Strike: 359 ff.

Students: are immature Philistines, 144. custom of, as to word of honor, 403 f.

Sue: "Mysteries of Paris," 387.

Suicide: 429 ff.

Suit: "it suits me" expressed in German by "right," 248 ftn.

Supreme: same as "highest," 41 ftn.

Supreme Being: according to Feuerbach, 40 ff. (See also Feuerbach.) see also Essence (highest).

Swan-knights: 342 f.

Tak Kak: vii, xi ff.

Terence: "Heautontimorumenos," 25, 216. "_humani nihil alienum puto_," 367.

Theft: 99 f. depends on property, 331 f.

Things: essential in competition, 346 ff.

Third: end of opposition, 484.

Thinkable: real sense of "possible," 122, 439 ff.

Thinker: characteristics of 452 ff.

Thought: freedom of, 455 ff. I do not respect your independence of, 456 f. necessary conditions of, 465 ff. optional, 465 f. realm of, 451 ff.

Thoughts: as owned, 477 ff. combated by disregard, 196 ff. combated by force, 197 ff. combated by thinking, 194 ff. criticism moves only in, 194 ff.

Tie: everything sacred is, 283. man the enemy of, 283.

Tieck: "_Der gestiefelte Kater_," 342.

Timon: 28.

Title of this book: ix f.

Tolerance: 229 ff.

Training: 434 f., 443 ff.

Truth: telling, 395 ff. to possess truth you must be true, 106 ff. what is, 471 ff. I am above truths, 463 ff.

Understanding: in antiquity, 19 ff.

Unhuman: an artificial name for the real, 193.

Union: distinction from society, 407 ff., 415 ff. everything is mine in, 415 ff.

Uniqueness: constitutes greatness, 175 f.

Un-man: real man, 230 ff. the "devil" of liberalism, 184 ff.

Unselfishness: literal sense of the German word, 77 ftn. supposed, and real, 77 ff.

Vagabonds: 147 ff.

Value: of me, 86, 333 ff. to be realized from self, 335 ff., 360 f.

Von Hartmann: xiii f.

"_Vossische Zeitung_": 244, 253.

Wages: instead of alms, 358 f. of the upper classes and the lower, 151 f., 357 ff.

Walker, James L.: vii, xi ff.

War of all against all: 341, 343.

Weitling: "Trio," on head of people 302. Communism seeks welfare of all, 410. "harmony of society," 284. hours of labor, 411. on crime and "curative means," 316 f. on property, 331 f. preaches "society," 245. substitutes work for money, 352.

Welcker: on dependence of judges, 223 f.

Wheels in the head: formal aspects of, 75 ff. what are such, 54 ff.

Will: incompatible with the State, 255 ff. law is a declaration of, 255 f. law paralyzes, 255 ff. morality commands submission of, 66 ff. the only practical agency of reform, 68 ff.

Words: power of, 462 ff. Stirner's style of using, xix f.

Work: for pay's sake, 354. is not the only competence, 349 ff.

World: among ancients, 18 ff. conquered by the ancients, 120 ff. is haunted, and is itself a ghost, 43 f. spirit free from, 32 ff.

Writing: Stirner's motives for, 393 f., 406.

Youth: 11 ff.

* * * * *

FOOTNOTES

[1] ["_Ich hab' Mein' Sach' auf Nichts gestellt_," first line of Goethe's poem, "_Vanitas! Vanitatum Vanitas!_" Literal translation: "I have set my affair on nothing."]

[2] [_Sache_]

[3] [_Sache_]

[4] [_der Einzige_]

[5] [_einzig_]

[6] [_Geist._ This word will be translated sometimes "mind" and sometimes "spirit" in the following pages.]

[7] Luke 11. 13.

[8] Heb. 11. 13.

[9] Mark 10. 29.

[10] Italicized in the original for the sake of its etymology, _Scharfsinn_--"sharp-sense." Compare next paragraph.

[11] 2 Cor. 5. 17. [The words "new" and "modern" are the same in German.]

[12] [Title of a poem by Schiller.]

[13] [The reader will remember (it is to be hoped he has never forgotten) that "mind" and "spirit" are one and the same word in German. For several pages back the connection of the discourse has seemed to require the almost exclusive use of the translation "spirit," but to complete the sense it has often been necessary that the reader recall the thought of its identity with "mind," as stated in a previous note.]

[14] "Essence of Christianity."

[15] [Or, "highest essence." The word _Wesen_, which means both "essence" and "being," will be translated now one way and now the other in the following pages. The reader must bear in mind that these two words are identical in German: and so are "supreme" and "highest."]

[16] Cf. _e. g._ "Essence of Christianity," p. 402.

[17] [That is, the abstract conception of man, as in the preceding sentence.]

[18] _E. g._, Rom. 8. 9, 1 Cor. 3. 16, John 20. 22, and innumerable other passages.

[19] [_Heil_]

[20] [_heilig_]

[21] How the priests tinkle! how important they Would make it out, that men should come their way And babble, just as yesterday, to-day!

Oh! blame them not! They know man's need, I say; For he takes all his happiness this way, To babble just to-morrow as to-day.

--_Translated from Goethe's "Venetian Epigrams."_

[22] [_fremd_]

[23] [_fremd_]

[24] [_einzig_]

[25] ["the supreme being."]

[26] [_heilig_]

[27] [_heilig_]

[28] [_einzig_]

[29] [_gefangen und befangen_, literally "imprisoned and prepossessed."]

[30] [_besessene_]

[31] [_versessen_]

[32] "_Achtzehntes Jahrhundert_," II, 519.

[33] "_De la Création de l'Ordre_" etc., p. 36.

[34] "_Anekdota_," II, 64.

[35] [_dieselbe Phantastin wie die Phantasie_]

[36] [The same word as "intellectual" as "mind" and "spirit" are the same.]

[37] "Essence of Christianity," second edition, p. 402.

[38] P. 403.

[39] P. 408.

[40] [Literally "the man."]

[41] [_Uneigennuetzigkeit_, literally "un-self-benefitingness."]

[42] [_vernuenftig_, derived from _vernehmen_, to hear.]

[43] [A German idiom for destructive radicalism.]

[44] [The same word that has been translated "custom" several times in this section.]

[45] [_Ehrfurcht_]

[46] [_gefuerchtet_]

[47] [_geehrt_]

[48] Rousseau, the Philanthropists, and others were hostile to culture and intelligence, but they overlooked the fact that this is present in _all_ men of the Christian type, and assailed only learned and refined culture.

[49] [Literally, "sacrificing"; the German word has not the prefix "self."]

[50] "_Volksphilosophie unserer Tage_," p. 22.

[51] [_Muth_]

[52] [_Demuth_]

[53] [Called in English theology "original sin."]

[54] [Goethe, "Faust."]

[55] "_Anekdota_," II, 152.

[56] [Schiller, "_Die Worte des Glaubens_."]

[57] [Parodied from the words of Mephistopheles in the witch's kitchen in "Faust."]

[58] John 2. 4.

[59] Matt. 10. 35.

[60] [_heilig_]

[61] [_heilig_]

[62] [_Geistlicher_, literally "spiritual man."]

[63] "Essence of Christianity," p. 403.

[64] Mark 9. 23.

[65] [_Herrlichkeit_, which, according to its derivation, means "lordliness."]

[66] [Or "citizenhood." The word (_das Buergertum_) means either the condition of being a citizen, or citizen-like principles, or the body of citizens or of the middle or business class, the _bourgeoisie_.]