Part 239

+------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+ | =Cen-| =Religion and Moral| =Fine Arts= | =Government= | | tu- | Reform= | | | | ries=| | | | | |Founders of Systems,| Architects, | Rulers, Military | | |Great Leaders, Heads|Sculptors, Painters,| Leaders, Statesmen,| | |of Religious Bodies,| Musicians | Publicists, | | | Moral and Humane | | Diplomats, Jurists | | | Reformers | | | +------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+ | _14th|... |... |Charles V., the | | Cent.| | |Wise, (1337-1380). | |A. D._| | | | | | | |John of Gaunt, duke | | =1300| | |of Lancaster, son of| | A. D.| | |Edward III. (1340- | | to | | |1399). | | 1400 | | | | |A. D.=| | |Edward III., king of| | | | |England (1312-1377).| | | | | | | | | |Tamerlane (Timur), | | | | |Mongol conqueror | | | | |(1336?-1405). | | | | | | | | | |Casimir III., the | | | | |Great, king of | | | | |Poland (reigned from| | | | |1333, died 1370). | +------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+ | _15th|Girolamo Savonarola,|Filippo |Jeanne d’Arc (Joan | | Cent.|Italian religious |Brunelleschi, |of Arc), French | |A. D._|reformer (1452- |Italian architect |heroine (1411?- | | |1498). |and sculptor (1377- |1431). | | =1400| |1444). | | | A. D.| | |Cosmo I. de’ Medici,| | to | |LEONARDO DA VINCI, |Chief of the Floren-| | 1500 | |Florentine painter |tine Republic (1389-| |A. D.=| |(1452-1519). |1464). | | | | | | | | |Bramante d’Urbino |Ferdinand V. of | | | |(Donato Lazari), |Castile, II. of | | | |Italian architect of|Aragon, III. of | | | |St. Peter’s (1444- |Naples, II. of | | | |1514). |Sicily, founder of | | | | |the Spanish monarchy| | | |SANDRO BOTTICELLI, |(1452-1516). | | | |Italian painter | | | | |(1447-1515). | | +------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+ | _16th|SAINT IGNATIUS DE |ALBRECHT DURER, |Hernando Cortez, | | Cent.|LOYOLA, Spanish |German painter and |Spanish conqueror of| |A. D._|founder of the So- |engraver (1471- |Mexico (1485-1547?).| | |ciety of Jesus (the |1528). | | | =1500|Jesuits) (1491- | |Thomas Wolsey, car- | | A. D.|1556). |ANTONIO ALLEGRI DA |dinal minister of | | to | |CORREGGIO, Italian |Henry VIII. (1471- | | 1600 |MARTIN LUTHER, |painter (1494-1534).|1530). | |A. D.=|leader of the German| | | | |reformation (1483- |TITIAN, or Tiziano |Nicolo di Bernardo | | |1546). |Vecellio, Venetian |dei Macchiavelli, | | | |painter (1477-1576).|Italian statesman | | |Philip Melanchthon, | |and author (1469- | | |German Lutheran re- |RAPHAEL SANZIO, or |1527). | | |former (1497-1560). |Santi d’Urbino, | | | | |Italian painter |Johan van Olden | | |Ulrich Zwingle, |(1483-1520). |Barneveldt, Dutch | | |Swiss reformer | |statesman (1547- | | |(1484-1531). |MICHELANGELO |1619). | | | |BUONARROTI, Italian | | | |JOHN CALVIN, French |painter, sculptor, |Henry VIII., king of| | |theologian (1509- |architect and poet |England (1491-1547).| | |1564). |(1474-1563). | | | | | |HENRY IV., king of | | |Jacobus Arminius, | |France and of | | |Dutch theologian | |Navarre (1553-1610).| | |(1560-1609). | | | | | | |ELIZABETH, queen of | | |John Knox, Scotch | |England (1533-1603).| | |religious reformer | | | | |(1505-1572). | |Francis I., king of | | | | |France (1494-1547). | | |Faustus Socinus, | | | | |Italian theologian | |CHARLES V., emperor | | |(1539-1604). | |of Germany and king | | | | |of Spain (1500- | | | | |1558). | +------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+ | _17th|Jacques Bénigne |BARTOLOMÉ ESTÉBAN |HUGO GROTIUS, or De | | Cent.|Bossuet, French |MURILLO, Spanish |Groot, Dutch jurist | |A. D._|prelate, pulpit ora-|painter (1618-1682).|(1583-1645). | | |tor, author (1627- | | | | =1600|1704). |PAUL HARMENS |Sir Edward Coke, | | A. D.| |REMBRANDT VAN RYN, |lord chief-justice | | to |Cornelius Jansen, |Dutch painter (1607-|of England (1549- | | 1700 |Dutch theologian |1669). |1634). | |A. D.=|(1585-1638). | | | | | |PETER PAUL RUBENS, |ARMAND JEAN | | | |Flemish painter |DUPLESSIS DE | | | |(1577-1640). |RICHELIEU, cardinal | | | | |and duke, French | | | |DIEGO RODRIGUEZ DE |statesman (1585- | | | |SILVAY VELASQUEZ, |1642). | | | |Spanish painter | | | | |(1599-1660). |OLIVER CROMWELL, | | | | |lord protector of | | | |Sir Christopher |the English common- | | | |Wren, English archi-|wealth (1599-1658). | | | |tect (1632-1723). | | | | | |Count Johann | | | | |Tserclaes von Tilly,| | | | |German general in | | | | |the Thirty Years’ | | | | |War (1559-1632). | | | | | | | | | |Count Albrecht | | | | |Wenzel Eusebius von | | | | |Wallenstein, Austri-| | | | |an general (1583- | | | | |1634). | | | | | | | | | |DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH | | | | |(John Churchill), | | | | |English general | | | | |(1650-1722). | | | | | | | | | |WILLIAM III. (prince| | | | |of Orange), king of | | | | |Great Britain, | | | | |stadtholder of the | | | | |Netherlands (1650- | | | | |1702). | | | | | | | | | |Christina, queen of | | | | |Sweden (1626-1689). | | | | | | | | | |Marten Harpertzoon | | | | |van Tromp, Dutch | | | | |admiral (1597-1653).| | | | | | | | | |Vicomte Henri de la | | | | |Tour d’Auvergne de | | | | |Turenne, marshal of | | | | |France (1611-1672). | | | | | | | | | |William Penn, En- | | | | |glish Quaker, found-| | | | |er of Pennsylvania | | | | |(1644-1718). | | | | | | | | | |Cardinal Jules, or | | | | |Giulio, Mazarin, | | | | |prime minister of | | | | |Louis XIV. (1602- | | | | |1661). | | | | | | | | | |Louis II., Prince de| | | | |Conde, French gener-| | | | |al (1621-1686). | | | | | | | | | |GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS, | | | | |king of Sweden | | | | |(1594-1632). | | | | | | | | | |LOUIS XIV. the | | | | |Great, king of | | | | |France (1638-1715). | +------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+ | _18th|JOHN WESLEY, English|GEORG FRIEDRICH |PETER I. | | Cent.|founder of Methodism|HANDEL, German |(Alexeievitch), the | |A. D._|(1703-1791). |musical composer |Great, czar of | | | |(1685-1759). |Russia (1672-1725). | | =1700|JONATHAN EDWARDS, | | | | A. D.|American theologian,|PHILIP VAN DYCK, |Charles XII., king | | to |metaphysician (1703-|Dutch painter (1680-|of Sweden and Norway| | 1800 |1758). |1752). |(1682-1718). | |A. D.=| | | | | |George Whitefield, |JOHANN SEBASTIAN |PRINCE EUGENE OF | | |evangelist and one |BACH German composer|SAVOY, Austrian | | |of the founders of |and musician (1685- |general (1663-1736).| | |Methodism (1714- |1750). | | | |1770). | |GEORGE WASHINGTON, | | | |JOHANN CHRYSOSTONUS |general and first | | | |WOLFGANG AMADEUS |president of the | | | |MOZART, German |United States (1732-| | | |musical composer |1799). | | | |(1756-1791). | | | | | |William Pitt, first | | | |Joseph Haydn, German|Earl of Chatham, | | | |musical composer |English statesman | | | |(1732-1809). |(1708-1778). | | | | | | | | |Sir Joshua Reynolds,|THOMAS JEFFERSON, | | | |English portrait |third president of | | | |painter (1723-1792).|the United States | | | | |(1743-1826). | | | | | | | | | |FREDERICK II., the | | | | |Great, Prussian | | | | |general and emperor | | | | |(1712-1786). | | | | | | | | | |ALEXANDER HAMILTON, | | | | |American lawyer and | | | | |statesman (1757- | | | | |1804). | | | | | | | | | |Robert Clive, first | | | | |Lord, British gener-| | | | |al and statesman | | | | |(1725-1774). | | | | | | | | | |ADAM SMITH, Scottish| | | | |political economist | | | | |(1723-1790). | | | | | | | | | |Anne, queen of En- | | | | |gland (1664-1714). | | | | | | | | | |CATHERINE II., | | | | |empress of Russia | | | | |(1729-1796). | | | | | | | | | |George Jacques | | | | |Danton, French | | | | |revolutionist (1759-| | | | |1794). | | | | | | | | | |MARQUIS MARIE JEAN | | | | |PAUL ROCH YVES | | | | |GILBERT MOTIER DE | | | | |LAFAYETTE, or LA | | | | |FAYETTE, French | | | | |general and patriot | | | | |(1757-1834). | | | | | | | | | |Jean Paul Marat, | | | | |French revolutionist| | | | |(1744-1793). | | | | | | | | | |Maximilien Joseph | | | | |Marie Isidore de | | | | |Robespierre, French | | | | |revolutionist (1758-| | | | |1794). | | | | | | | | | |Thaddeus (Tadeusz) | | | | |Kosciusko, Polish | | | | |patriot (1746?- | | | | |1817). | | | | | | | | | |Francis I., emperor | | | | |of Germany (1708- | | | | |1765). | | | | | | | | | |Lord Horatio Nelson,| | | | |English admiral | | | | |(1758-1805). | | | | | | | | | |Maria Theresa, | | | | |empress of Austria | | | | |(1717-1780). | | | | | | | | | |Charles James Fox, | | | | |English statesman | | | | |and orator (1749- | | | | |1806). | +------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+ | _19th|WILLIAM ELLERY |LUDWIG VAN |JOHN MARSHALL, | | Cent.|CHANNING, American |BEETHOVEN, German |American jurist and | |A. D._|divine and author |musical composer |statesman (1755- | | |(1780-1842). |(1770-1827). |1835). | | =1800| | | | | A. D.|James Martineau, |FRANZ SCHUBERT, Ger-|ANDREW JACKSON, | | to |Unitarian divine and|man composer (1797- |general and seventh | | 1900 |author (1807-1878). |1828). |president of the | |A. D.=| | |United States (1767-| | |Theodore Parker, |ANTONIO CANOVA, |1845). | | |American theologian |Italian sculptor | | | |and scholar (1810- |(1757-1822). |Henry Clay, American| | |1860). | |statesman and orator| | | |JEAN BAPTISTE |(1777-1852). | | |Henry Ward Beecher, |CAMILLE COROT, | | | |American preacher, |French landscape |Arthur Wellesley | | |writer and orator |painter (1796-1875).|Wellington, first | | |(1813-1887). | |Duke of, British | | | |BERTEL THORWALDSEN, |general and states- | | |Charles Grandison |Danish sculptor |man (1769-1852). | | |Finney, evangelist |(1770-1844). | | | |and theologian | |JOHN CALDWELL | | |(1792-1875). |Jean Dominique |CALHOUN, American | | | |Auguste Ingres, |statesman (1782- | | |Dwight Lyman Moody, |French painter |1850). | | |evangelist (1837- |(1781-1867). | | | |1899). | |PRINCE CLEMENS | | | |FREDERIC FRANÇOIS |WENZEL NEPOMUK | | |Charles Haddon |CHOPIN, Polish pia- |LOTHAR VON | | |Spurgeon, English |nist and musical |METTERNICH, Austrian| | |pulpit-orator (1834-|composer (1810- |statesman (1773- | | |1892). |1849). |1859). | | | | | | | |Clara Barton, |JAMES ABBOTT M’NEILL|CHARLES MAURICE DE | | |promoter American |WHISTLER, American- |TALLEYRAND-PERIGORD,| | |Red Cross (1830- |English painter |Prince of Benevento,| | |1912). |(1834-1903). |French diplomatist | | | | |(1754-1838). | | |Frances Elizabeth |ROBERT SCHUMANN, | | | |Willard, temperance |German musical com- |COUNT CAMILLO BENSO | | |reformer (1839- |poser (1815-1856). |DI CAVOUR, Italian | | |1898). | |statesman (1810- | | | |RICHARD WAGNER, Ger-|1861). | | |Mary Baker Glover |man musical composer| | | |Eddy, founder of |(1813-1883). |ABRAHAM LINCOLN, | | |Christian Science | |sixteenth president | | |(1821-1910). |JOHANNES BRAHMS, |of the United States| | | |German composer |(1809-1865). | | |Brigham Young, |(1833-1897). | | | |American Mormon | |David Glascoe | | |leader (1801-1877). |GIUSEPPE VERDI, |Farragut, American | | | |Italian musical com-|admiral (1801-1870).| | |Joseph Smith, |poser (1814-1901). | | | |founder of the sect | |ROBERT EDWARD LEE, | | |of Mormons (1805- |Théodore Rousseau, |American Confederate| | |1844). |French painter |general (1807-1870).| | | |(1812-1867). | | | |John Henry Newman, | |Napoleon III. | | |English theologian |Hector Berlioz, |(Charles Louis | | |and author (1801- |French musical com- |Napoléon Bonaparte),| | |1890). |poser (1803-1869). |emperor of the | | | | |French (1808-1873). | | |Phillips Brooks, |Louise Marie Elisa- | | | |American pulpit |beth Lebrun (born |Benjamin Disraeli, | | |orator (1835-1893). |Vigée), French |earl of Beacons- | | | |painter (1755-1842).|field, English | | | | |statesman and nov- | | | |Felix Mendelssohn- |elist (1804-1880). | | | |Bartholdy, German | | | | |composer (1809- |ULYSSES SIMPSON | | | |1847). |GRANT, general and | | | | |eighteenth president| | | |Mariano Fortuny, |of the United States| | | |Spanish painter |(1822-1885). | | | |(1839-1874). | | | | | |Charles Stewart | | | |Anton Rubenstein, |Parnell, Irish par- | | | |Russian composer and|liamentarian (1846- | | | |pianist (1829-1894).|1891). | | | | | | | | |Franz Liszt, Hungar-|WILLIAM EWART | | | |ian pianist and com-|GLADSTONE, English | | | |poser (1811-1886). |statesman (1820- | | | | |1898). | | | |PETER ILYITCH | | | | |TSCHAIKOWSKY, Rus- |PRINCE OTTO EDUARD | | | |sian musical com- |LEOPOLD BISMARCK, | | | |poser (1840-1893). |German statesman | | | | |(1814-1898). | | | |Charles François | | | | |Daubigny, French |Richard Cobden, En- | | | |painter (1817-1878).|glish statesman and | | | | |economist (1804- | | | |John Constable, En- |1865). | | | |glish landscape | | | | |painter (1776-1837).|Giuseppe Mazzini, | | | | |Italian patriot and | | | |Eugéne Emmanuel |revolutionist (1805-| | | |Viollet-le-Duc, |1872). | | | |French architect | | | | |(1814-1879). |Giuseppe Garibaldi, | | | | |Italian patriot | | | |Karl Begas, German |(1807-1882). | | | |painter (1794-1854).| | | | | |Léon Gambetta, | | | |Rosalie Bonheur, |French statesman | | | |French painter |(1838-1882). | | | |(1822-1899). | | | | | |John Bright, English| | | |Thomas Ustick |orator and statesman| | | |Walter, American |(1811-1889). | | | |architect (1804- | | | | |1887). |Louis Kossuth, Hun- | | | | |garian orator and | | | |Jean François |statesman (1802- | | | |Millet, painter |1894). | | | |(1814-1875). | | | | | |Cecil John Rhodes, | | | |Antoine Louis Barye,|British statesman | | | |French sculptor |(1853-1902). | | | |(1795-1875). | | | | | |Victoria (Victoria | | | |Karl Theodore |Alexandrina), queen | | | |Francis Bitter, |of Great Britain and| | | |Austro-American |Ireland and empress | | | |sculptor (1867- |of India (1819- | | | |1916). |1901). | | | | | | | | |Johann Gottfried |Jefferson Davis, | | | |Schadow, German |American statesman | | | |sculptor (1764- |and president of the| | | |1850). |Confederacy (1808- | | | | |1889). | | | |Sir Edwin Henry | | | | |Landseer, animal |Sir John Alexander | | | |painter (1802-1873).|Macdonald, Canadian | | | | |statesman (1815- | | | |Sir Charles Barry, |1891). | | | |British architect | | | | |(1795-1860). |Francis Joseph, | | | | |emperor of Austria | | | |Pierre Etienne |(1830-1916). | | | |Rousseau, French | | | | |painter (1812-1867).|Karl Marx, German | | | | |socialist and publi-| | | |Christian Daniel |cist (1818-1883). | | | |Rauch, German | | | | |sculptor (1777- |H. von Treitschke, | | | |1857). |German publicist | | | | |(1834-1896). | | | |Pierre Puvis de | | | | |Chavannes, French |George Dewey, Ameri-| | | |painter (1824-1898).|can Admiral (1837- | | | | |1917). | | | |Jacques Louis David,| | | | |French historical | | | | |painter (1748-1825).| | | | | | | | | |Robert Adam, Scot- | | | | |tish architect | | | | |(1728-1792). | | | | | | | | | |Hans Makart, Aus- | | | | |trian painter (1840-| | | | |1884). | | | | | | | | | |Joseph Mallord | | | | |William Turner, | | | | |English painter | | | | |(1775-1851). | | | | | | | | | |Sir George Gilbert | | | | |Scott, English ar- | | | | |chitect (1811-1878).| | | | | | | | | |Sir John Everett | | | | |Millais, English | | | | |painter (1829-1896).| | | | | | | | | |Karl Friedrich | | | | |Schinkel, German ar-| | | | |chitect (1781-1841).| | | | | | | | | |John Quincy Adams | | | | |Ward, American | | | | |sculptor (1830- | | | | |1910). | | | | | | | | | |Frédéric Auguste | | | | |Bartholdi, French | | | | |sculptor (1834- | | | | |1904). | | | | | | | | | |Jean Léon Gérôme, | | | | |French historical | | | | |painter (1824-1904).| | | | | | | | | |Edwin Austin Abbey, | | | | |American artist | | | | |(1852-1916). | | | | | | | | | |J. E. F. Massenet, | | | | |French composer | | | | |(1842-1912). | | | | | | | | | |Antonin Dvorák, | | | | |Austro-American com-| | | | |poser (1842-1904). | | | | | | | | | |Vassili | | | | |Verestchagin, Rus- | | | | |sian painter (1842- | | | | |1904). | | | | | | | | | |F. von Lenbach, Ger-| | | | |man painter (1836- | | | | |1904). | | | | | | | | | |Edvard Grieg, Nor- | | | | |wegian composer | | | | |(1843-1897). | | | | | | | | | |Augustus Saint- | | | | |Gaudens, American | | | | |sculptor (1848- | | | | |1907). | | +------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+ | _20th|Pope Benedict XV., |Camille Saint-Saëns,|Theodore Roosevelt, | | Cent.|Giacomo Della Chiesa|French composer |American author, | |A. D._|(1854- ----). |(1835- ----). |publicist and | | | | |twenty-sixth presi- | | =1900|Cardinal James |Claude Debussy, |dent of the United | | A. D.|Gibbons, American |(1862- ----). |States (1858- ----).| | to |Roman Catholic prel-| | | | 2000 |ate (1834- ----). |Giacomo Puccini, |Arthur James | |A. D.=| |Italian composer |Balfour, British | | |Cardinal William |(1858- ----). |statesman, philo- | | |Henry O’Connell, | |sophical writer | | |American Roman Cath-|Auguste Rodin, |(1848- ----). | | |olic prelate (1859- |French sculptor | | | |----). |(1840- ----). |William II., third | | | | |German emperor | | |Cardinal John Murphy|Sir E. W. Elgar, |(1859- ----). | | |Farley, American |English composer | | | |Roman Catholic prel-|(1857- ----). |David Lloyd George, | | |ate (1842- ----). | |British statesman | | | |Piero Mascagni, |(1863- ----). | | |William Ashley |Italian operatic | | | |Sunday, American |composer (1863- |Sir Wilfrid Laurier,| | |evangelist (1863- |----). |Canadian statesman | | |----). | |(1841- ----). | | | |J. S. Sargent, Amer-| | | | |ican painter (1856- |Robert Laird Borden,| | | |----). |prime minister of | | | | |Canada (1854- ----).| | | |Lorado Taft, Ameri- | | | | |can sculptor (1860- |Viscount Horatio | | | |----). |Herbert Kitchener, | | | | |British general | | | |Philip Martiny, |(1850-1916). | | | |American sculptor | | | | |(1858- ----). |Wilhelmina, queen of| | | | |Holland (1880- | | | |William Hamo |----). | | | |Thornycroft, English| | | | |sculptor (1850- |Theodore von | | | |----). |Bethmann-Hollweg, | | | | |German statesman and| | | |George Grey Barnard,|Imperial Chancellor | | | |American sculptor |(1856- ----). | | | |(1863- ----). | | | | | |Alfonso XIII., king | | | |Daniel Chester |of Spain (1886- | | | |French, American |----). | | | |sculptor (1850- | | | | |----). |Woodrow Wilson, | | | | |American publicist, | | | |Richard Strauss, |twenty-eighth presi-| | | |German musical com- |dent of the United | | | |poser (1864- ----). |States (1856- ----).| | | | | | | | |J. F. L. Bonnat, |Edward Douglass | | | |French painter |White, American | | | |(1833- ----). |jurist (1845- ----).| | | | | | | | |Gutzon Borglum (John|Elihu Root, publi- | | | |Gutzon de la Mothe),|cist, ex-secretary | | | |American sculptor |of state (1845- | | | |(1867- ----). |----). | | | | | | | | |Frederick (William) |William Jennings | | | |MacMonnies, American|Bryan, American | | | |sculptor (1863- |publicist, ex-secre-| | | |----). |tary of state (1860-| | | | |----). | | | | | | | | | |Henry Cabot Lodge, | | | | |historian, publicist| | | | |(1850- ----). | | | | | | | | | |Robert Marion | | | | |LaFollette, American| | | | |political reformer, | | | | |publicist (1855- | | | | |----). | | | | | | | | | |Field Marshall von | | | | |Hindenburg, German | | | | |general (1847- | | | | |----). | | | | | | | | | |Field Marshal | | | | |Joffre, French | | | | |general (1853- | | | | |----). | +------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+