Part 159

=============================+======================================== STATES AND POPULAR NAME | REQUIREMENTS AS TO CITIZENSHIP | PERSONS EXCLUDED FROM SUFFRAGE (_in | italic_) -----------------------------+---------------------------------------- =Alabama= “Lizard” |Citizen of United States or alien who |has declared intention. |_Convicted of treason or other felonies, |idiots, vagrants, insane._ =Alaska= |Citizen of the United States, male or |female. |_Aliens and Indians._ =Arizona= |Citizen of the United States, male or |female. |_Idiot, insane, felon_* (_b_). =Arkansas= “Bear” |Citizen of the United States or alien |who has declared intention. |_Idiots, insane, convicted of felony, |failure to pay poll tax._ =California= “Golden” |Citizen, male or female, by nativity, |naturalization 90 days prior to elec- |tion (_d_). |_Idiots, insane, embezzlers of public |moneys, convicted of infamous crime._* =Colorado= “Centennial” |Citizen, native or naturalized, male or |female. |_Felons, insane._ =Connecticut= “Nutmeg” |Citizen of the United States. |_Convicted of heinous crime._ =Delaware= “Diamond” |Citizen of the United States. |_Insane, paupers, felons._* =Dist. of Col.= |See foot note on following page. =Florida= “Flower” |Citizen of the United States. |_Idiots, duelists, felons._ =Georgia= “Cracker” |Citizen of the United States. |_Felons, idiots and insane._ =Hawaii= |Citizen of the United States. |_Idiots, insane, felons_ (_j_). =Idaho= |Citizen of the United States, male or |female. |_Idiots, insane, felons, bigamists._ =Illinois= “Prairie” |Citizen of the United States (_e_). |_Convicted of crime._ =Indiana= “Hoosier” |Citizen of the United States or alien |who has declared intention (_g_). |_Convicted of infamous crime._ (_b_) =Iowa= “Hawkeye” |Citizen of the United States (_k_). |_Idiots, insane, felons._ =Kansas= “Sunflower” |Citizen of the United States, male or |female, or alien who has declared inten- |tion. |_Convicted of treason or felony, in- |sane._ =Kentucky= “Blue Grass” |Citizen of United States (_a_). |_Felons, idiots and insane._ =Louisiana= “Creole” |Citizen of United States (_c_). |_Idiots, insane, felons._* =Maine= “Pine Tree” |Citizen of the United States. |_Paupers, insane, Indians._*‡ =Maryland= “Old Line” |Citizen of the United States. |_Felons, lunatics, bribers._ =Massachusetts= “Bay” |Citizen (_a_). |_Paupers._* =Michigan= “Wolverine” |Citizen of the United States or alien |who declared intention two years and six |months prior to November 8, 1894 (_c_). |_Indians with tribal relations._ =Minnesota= “North Star” |Citizen of United States (_a_). |_Felons, insane, Indians._‡ =Mississippi= “Bayou” |Citizen of the United States. |_Insane, idiots, Indians not taxed, |felons, bigamists._* =Missouri= |Citizen of the United States or alien |who has declared intention. |_Felons_ (_b_). =Montana= “Mountain” |Citizen of the United States, male or |female. |_Felons, idiots, insane_‡ (_b_). =Nebraska= |Citizen of the United States or alien |who has declared intention (_a_). |_Felons, insane._ =Nevada= “Silver” |Citizen of the United States, male or |female. |_Idiots, insane, felons._ =New Hampshire= “Granite” |Citizen of United States (_a_). |_Paupers, insane, idiots, felons._ =New Jersey= “Jersey Blue” |Citizen of the United States. |_Idiots, paupers, insane, felons_ (_b_). =New Mexico= |Citizen of United States (_a_). |_Idiots, insane, felons._† =New York= “Empire” |Citizen who shall have been a citizen |for ninety days prior to election. =North Carolina= “Old North” |Citizen of the United States. |_Idiots, lunatics, felons._ =North Dakota= “Sioux” |Citizen of United States (_a_). |_Felons, insane, tribal Indians._ =Ohio= “Buckeye” |Citizen of United States (_a_). |_Idiots, insane, and felons_ (_b_). =Oklahoma= |Citizen of United States (_a_). |_Felons, idiots, insane_*‡ =Oregon= “Sunset” |Citizen of the United States, male or |female, or alien who declared intention |more than one year prior to election. |_Idiots, insane, convicted of felony, |U. S. soldiers and sailors._ =Pennsylvania= “Keystone” |Citizen of the United States at least |one month. |_Felons, non-taxpayers._ =Porto Rico= |Citizen of United States (_f_). |_Felons, insane_ (_b_). =Rhode Island= “Little Rhody”|Citizen of the United States. |_Paupers, lunatics, felons._ =South Carolina= “Palmetto” |Citizen of United States (_h_). |_Felons, insane, paupers._ =South Dakota= “Coyote” |Citizen of the United States or alien |who has declared intention. |_Insane, felons, U. S. soldiers, seamen |and marines._ =Tennessee= “Volunteer” |Citizen of the United States. |_Felons, failure to pay poll tax._ =Texas= “Lone Star” |Citizen of the United States or alien |who has declared intention. |_Idiots, lunatics, felons, U. S. |soldiers, marines and seamen._ =Utah= |Citizen of the United States, male or |female. |_Idiots, insane, felons_ (_b_). =Vermont= “Green Mountain” |Citizen of the United States. |_Those lacking approbation of local |board of civil authority._ =Virginia= “Old Dominion” |Citizen of the United States. |_Idiots, lunatics, paupers_ (_b_) (_i_). =Washington= “Evergreen” |Citizen of the United States, male or |female. |_Idiots, lunatics, felons._‡ =West Virginia= “Panhandle” |Citizen of the United States. |_Idiots, lunatics, felons._ =Wisconsin= “Badger” |Citizen of United States (_a_). |_Insane, felons, tribal Indians._ =Wyoming= |Citizen of the United States, male or |female. |_Idiots, insane, felons, unable to read |State Constitution._ -----------------------------+----------------------------------------

=============================+===============================+============= STATES AND POPULAR NAME | PREVIOUS RESIDENCE REQUIRED | GOVERNORS +-------+--------+------+-------+------+------ | In | In | In | In | Sala-|Length | State | Co. | Town | Pre- | ries | Term | | | | cinct | | Years -----------------------------+-------+--------+------+-------+------+------ =Alabama= “Lizard” |2 years| 1 year| 3 mos.| 3 mos.|$7,500| 4 =Alaska= |1 year |... |30 days|30 days| 7,000| 4 =Arizona= |1 year |30 days|30 days|30 days| 4,000| 2 =Arkansas= “Bear” |1 year | 6 mos.|30 days|30 days| 5,000| 2 =California= “Golden” |1 year |90 days|... |30 days|10,000| 4 =Colorado= “Centennial” |1 year |90 days|30 days|10 days| 5,000| 2 =Connecticut= “Nutmeg” |1 year |... | 6 mos.|... | 5,000| 2 =Delaware= “Diamond” |1 year | 3 mos.|... |30 days| 4,000| 4 =Dist. of Col.= |... |... |... |... | ...| ... =Florida= “Flower” |1 year | 6 mos.| 6 mos.| 6 mos.| 6,000| 4 =Georgia= “Cracker” |6 mos. | 6 mos.|... |... | 5,000| 2 =Hawaii= |1 year |... |... | 3 mos.| 7,000| 4 =Idaho= |6 mos. |30 days|... |... | 5,000| 2 =Illinois= “Prairie” |1 year |90 days|30 days|30 days|12,000| 4 =Indiana= “Hoosier” |6 mos. |... |60 days|30 days| 8,000| 4 =Iowa= “Hawkeye” |6 mos. |60 days|10 days|10 days| 5,000| 2 =Kansas= “Sunflower” |6 mos. |30 days|30 days|10 days| 5,000| 2 =Kentucky= “Blue Grass” |1 year | 6 mos.|... |60 days| 6,500| 4 =Louisiana= “Creole” |2 years| 1 year|... | 6 mos.| 5,000| 4 =Maine= “Pine Tree” |3 mos. | 3 mos.| 3 mos.| 3 mos.| 3,000| 2 =Maryland= “Old Line” |1 year | 6 mos.| 6 mos.| 1 day | 4,500| 4 =Massachusetts= “Bay” |1 year | 6 mos.| 6 mos.| 6 mos.|10,000| 1 =Michigan= “Wolverine” |6 mos. |20 days|20 days|20 days| 5,000| 2 =Minnesota= “North Star” |6 mos. |30 days|30 days|30 days| 7,000| 2 =Mississippi= “Bayou” |2 years| 1 year| 1 year| 1 year| 5,000| 4 =Missouri= |1 year |60 days|60 days|... | 5,000| 4 =Montana= “Mountain” |1 year |30 days|... |... | 5,000| 4 =Nebraska= |6 mos. |40 days|10 days|10 days| 2,500| 2 =Nevada= “Silver” |6 mos. |30 days|30 days|30 days| 7,000| 4 =New Hampshire= “Granite” |6 mos. | 6 mos.| 6 mos.| 6 mos.| 3,000| 2 =New Jersey= “Jersey Blue” |1 year | 5 mos.|... |... |10,000| 3 =New Mexico= |1 year |90 days|... |30 days| 5,000| 5 =New York= “Empire” |1 year | 4 mos.|30 days|30 days|10,000| 2 =North Carolina= “Old North” |2 years| 6 mos.| 4 mos.| 4 mos.| 5,000| 4 =North Dakota= “Sioux” |1 year | 6 mos.|90 days|90 days| 5,000| 2 =Ohio= “Buckeye” |1 year |30 days|20 days|20 days|10,000| 2 =Oklahoma= |1 year | 6 mos.|... |30 days| 4,500| 4 =Oregon= “Sunset” |6 mos. |30 days|... |30 days| 5,000| 4 =Pennsylvania= “Keystone” |1 year |... |... | 2 mos.|10,000| 4 =Porto Rico= |1 year |... | 1 year|... | 8,000| 4 =Rhode Island= “Little Rhody”|2 years|... | 6 mos.|... | 3,000| 2 =South Carolina= “Palmetto” |2 years| 1 year| 4 mos.| 4 mos.| 3,000| 2 =South Dakota= “Coyote” |6 mos. |30 days|10 days|10 days| 3,000| 2 =Tennessee= “Volunteer” |1 year | 6 mos.|... |... | 4,000| 2 =Texas= “Lone Star” |1 year | 6 mos.| 6 mos.|... | 4,000| 2 =Utah= |1 year | 4 mos.|... |60 days| 6,000| 4 =Vermont= “Green Mountain” |1 year | 3 mos.| 3 mos.| 3 mos.| 2,500| 2 =Virginia= “Old Dominion” |2 years| 1 year| 1 year|30 days| 5,000| 4 =Washington= “Evergreen” |1 year |90 days|30 days|30 days| 6,000| 4 =West Virginia= “Panhandle” |1 year |60 days|60 days|... | 5,000| 4 =Wisconsin= “Badger” |1 year |... |10 days|10 days| 5,000| 2 =Wyoming= |1 year |60 days|10 days|10 days| 4,000| 4 -----------------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

=============================+=============================+===========+===== STATES AND POPULAR NAME | LEGISLATURES |MEMBERS’ |ELEC- | |TERMS |TORAL +-----+-------+---------------+-----+-----+VOTE, | Ann.| Limit | Salaries of |Sena-| Re- |1916 | or | of | Members |tors | pre-| |Bien.| Ses- | | | sen-| | | sion | | | ta- | | | | | |tives| -----------------------------+-----+-------+---------------+-----+-----+----- =Alabama= “Lizard” |Quad.|50 days|$4.00 per diem | 4 | 4 | 12 =Alaska= |Bien.|60 days|$15.00 per diem| 4 | 2 | 0 =Arizona= |Bien.|60 days|$7.00 per diem | 2 | 2 | 3 =Arkansas= “Bear” |Bien.|60 days|$6.00 per diem | 4 | 2 | 9 =California= “Golden” |Bien.|None |$1,000 term | 4 | 2 | 13 =Colorado= “Centennial” |Bien.|90 days|$1,000 term | 4 | 2 | 6 =Connecticut= “Nutmeg” |Bien.|None |$300 term | 2 | 2 | 7 =Delaware= “Diamond” |Bien.|60 days|$5.00 per diem | 4 | 2 | 3 =Dist. of Col.= |... |... |... | ... | ... | 0 =Florida= “Flower” |Bien.|60 days|$6.00 per diem | 4 | 2 | 6 =Georgia= “Cracker” |Ann. |50 days|$4.00 per diem | 2 | 2 | 14 =Hawaii= |Bien.|60 days|$600 session | 4 | 2 | 0 =Idaho= |Bien.|60 days|$5.00 per diem | 2 | 2 | 4 =Illinois= “Prairie” |Bien.|None |$3,500 annum | 4 | 2 | 29 =Indiana= “Hoosier” |Bien.|61 days|$6.00 per diem | 4 | 2 | 15 =Iowa= “Hawkeye” |Bien.|None |$1,000 session | 4 | 2 | 13 =Kansas= “Sunflower” |Bien.|50 days|$3.00 per diem | 4 | 2 | 10 =Kentucky= “Blue Grass” |Bien.|60 days|$10.00 per diem| 4 | 2 | 13 =Louisiana= “Creole” |Bien.|60 days|$5.00 per diem | 4 | 4 | 10 =Maine= “Pine Tree” |Bien.|None |$300 annum | 2 | 2 | 6 =Maryland= “Old Line” |Bien.|90 days|$5.00 per diem | 4 | 2 | 8 =Massachusetts= “Bay” |Ann. |None |$1,000 annum | 1 | 1 | 18 =Michigan= “Wolverine” |Bien.|None |$800 annum | 2 | 2 | 15 =Minnesota= “North Star” |Bien.|90 days|$1,000 session | 4 | 2 | 12 =Mississippi= “Bayou” |Bien.|None |$500 session | 4 | 4 | 10 =Missouri= |Bien.|70 days|$5.00 per diem | 4 | 2 | 18 =Montana= “Mountain” |Bien.|60 days|$10.00 per diem| 4 | 2 | 4 =Nebraska= |Bien.|60 days|$10.00 session | 2 | 2 | 8 =Nevada= “Silver” |Bien.|60 days|$600 term | 2-4 | 2 | 3 =New Hampshire= “Granite” |Bien.|None |$200 term | 2 | 2 | 4 =New Jersey= “Jersey Blue” |Ann. |None |$500 annum | 3 | 1 | 14 =New Mexico= |Bien.|60 days|$5.00 per diem | 4 | 2 | 3 =New York= “Empire” |Ann. |None |$1,500 annum | 2 | 1 | 45 =North Carolina= “Old North” |Bien.|60 days|$4.00 per diem | 2 | 2 | 12 =North Dakota= “Sioux” |Bien.|60 days|$5.00 per diem | 4 | 2 | 5 =Ohio= “Buckeye” |Bien.|None |$1,000 annum | 2 | 2 | 24 =Oklahoma= |Bien.|60 days|$6.00 per diem | 4 | 2 | 10 =Oregon= “Sunset” |Bien.|40 days|$3.00 per diem | 4 | 2 | 5 =Pennsylvania= “Keystone” |Bien.|None |$1,500 session | 2 | 2 | 38 =Porto Rico= |Ann. |60 days|$5.00 per diem | 4 | 2 | 0 =Rhode Island= “Little Rhody”|Ann. |60 days|$5.00 per diem | 2 | 2 | 5 =South Carolina= “Palmetto” |Ann. |40 days|$200 term | 4 | 2 | 9 =South Dakota= “Coyote” |Bien.|60 days|$5.00 per diem | 2 | 2 | 5 =Tennessee= “Volunteer” |Bien.|75 days|$4.00 per diem | 2 | 2 | 12 =Texas= “Lone Star” |Bien.|90 days|$5.00 per diem | 4 | 2 | 20 =Utah= |Bien.|60 days|$4.00 per diem | 4 | 2 | 4 =Vermont= “Green Mountain” |Bien.|None |$4.00 per diem | 2 | 2 | 4 =Virginia= “Old Dominion” |Bien.|60 days|$500 session | 4 | 2 | 12 =Washington= “Evergreen” |Bien.|60 days|$5.00 per diem | 4 | 2 | 7 =West Virginia= “Panhandle” |Bien.|45 days|$4.00 per diem | 4 | 2 | 8 =Wisconsin= “Badger” |Bien.|None |$500 annum | 4 | 2 | 13 =Wyoming= |Bien.|40 days|$8.00 per diem | 4 | 2 | 3 -----------------------------+-----+-------+---------------+-----+-----+-----

Note.--Residents of the District of Columbia never had the right to vote therein for national officers, or on other matters of national concern after the territory embraced in it was ceded to the United States and became the seat of the general Government.

* Or persons unable to read and write in English. † Or citizens of Mexico who desire to become citizens of Arizona under treaties of 1848 and 1854. ‡ Indians who have not severed tribal relations. (_a_): Women can vote in school elections. (_b_): Also soldiers, sailors and marines in United States service. (_c_): Women taxpayers can vote on tax propositions. (_d_): Or by Queretaro treaty. (_e_): Women can vote in all elections except those pertaining to Constitutional officers or Constitutional propositions. (_f_): Males born in Porto Rico who formally renounced allegiance to a foreign power. (_g_): One year’s residence in the United States prior to election is required. (_h_): Who has paid six months before election all taxes then due, and can read and write any section of the State Constitution, or can show that he owns and has paid all taxes due the previous year on property in the State assessed at $300 or more. (_i_): Failure to pay poll tax. (_j_): Or those unable to speak, read and write the English or Hawaiian language. (_k_): Women can vote in school and city elections. (_l_): Offenders against elective franchise rights, guilty of bribery, betting on elections, and persons convicted of a felony and not restored to citizenship by the Executive. Convicts in House of Refuge or Reformatory not disqualified. (_m_): All of the States and Territories pay mileage also, except New Jersey, but free transportation is accorded in New Jersey by all railroads to members by law.

=GOVERNMENTS OF THE UNITED STATES, BRITISH EMPIRE, GERMANY, AND FRANCE ARRANGED IN PARALLEL COLUMNS=

=UNITED STATES= =BRITISH EMPIRE=

_Form of Government:_ Republic. The _Form of Government._--Monarchy in general plan of the government of the form, but republic in practice. The United States is determined by the monarchy is constitutional and Constitution. The central government limited. is limited to the exercise of the The British Empire consists of the powers specifically enumerated in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Constitution, or implied therein, Ireland, the Empire of India, and while the remaining governmental the British Dominions beyond the powers, not denied to the states by Seas, including the self-governing the Constitution, are reserved to the Dominions, and the Crown Colonies, states. The general government is in Protectorates, and other Dependen- three fairly well defined parts, the cies, the whole forming one Empire. legislative, executive, and judicial.

=I. Constitution.=--The present Con- =I. Constitution.=--The British stitution was adopted September 17, Constitution is mainly unwritten and 1787. customary, but its development is marked by certain outstanding and _Ratification of the Constitution._-- fundamental laws, of which the prin- The Constitution was ratified by the cipal are: Magna Charta, 1215; the thirteen original States in the fol- Habeas Corpus Act, 1679; the Act of lowing order: Settlement, 1701; the Act of Union Delaware, Dec. 7, 1787, unanimous- with Scotland, 1707; the Act of Union ly. with Ireland, 1800; and the Parlia- Pennsylvania, Dec. 12, 1787, vote ment Act, 1911. The first secured 46 to 23. annual parliaments and the equal ad- New Jersey, Dec. 18, 1787, unani- ministration of justice; the second mously. established the liberty of the per- Georgia, Jan 2, 1788, unanimously. son; the third provided for the Prot- Connecticut, Jan 9, 1788, vote 128 estant succession to the throne; the to 40. fourth and fifth created the United Massachusetts, Feb. 6, 1788, vote Kingdom; and the last enabled the 187 to 168. Commons to pass certain Acts without Maryland, April 28, 1788, vote 63 the adherence of the other Chamber. to 12. South Carolina, May 23, 1788, vote 149 to 73. New Hampshire, June 21, 1788, vote 57 to 46. Virginia, June 25, 1788, vote 89 to 79. New York, July 26, 1788, vote 30 to 28. North Carolina, Nov. 21, 1789, vote 193 to 75. Rhode Island, May 29, 1790, vote 34 to 32.

_Amendments._--Congress may, by two- thirds vote of both Houses, propose amendments to the Constitution, or upon application of the Legislatures of two-thirds of the several States, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case, must be ratified by the Legislatures of three-fourths of the several States, or by conventions in three- fourths thereof.

=II. The President.= =II. The Sovereign.=