Part 100

+-------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+ |=A. D.=| =France= | =Italy and | =Holland= | =Scandinavia= | | | | Church= | | | +-------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+ | |1649. Siege of | | | | | |Paris. | | | | | =1650=| | | | | | |1653. Mazarin | |1653. JOHN DE |1653. Sweden: | | |enters Paris in | |WITT, Grand |Christina re- | | |triumph. | |Pensionary of |signs. Charles | | | | |Holland. |X. first of the | | |_MOLIERE_ (1622-| | |House of | | |1673). | |_REMBRANDT_ |Zweibrucken. | | | | |(1607-1669). | | | | | | |1655. Charles X.| | | | | |of Sweden in- | | | | | |vades Poland. | | | | | | | | | | | |1658. Denmark: | | |1659. Peace of | | |War against the | | |the Pyrenees. | | |Swedes, who | | | | | |overrun Denmark,| | | | | |and menace | | | | | |Copenhagen. | | | | | | | | | | | |1660. Denmark: | | |1667-1697. First| |1667. Holland: |Peace of Copen- | | |three wars of |1669. Candia |Peace of Breda; |hagen. Revolu- | | |Louis XIV. |taken from |loss of New |tion in Denmark;| | | |Venice. |Netherlands. |absolute monar- | | |1667. War with | | |chy established.| | |Spain. |1670. War be- |_SPINOZA_ (1632-|Prussia acknow- | | | |tween Genoa and |1677). |ledged indepen- | | | |Savoy. | |dent. | | |1672. War with | |1672. Sea fight | | | =1675=|Holland. | |between the |1675. The Swedes| | | |1676. Messina |Dutch fleet, |invade Branden- | | | |blockaded by the|under De Witt |burg and are de-| | | |Dutch and |and De Ruyter, |feated at | | | |Spanish fleets. |and the English |Fehrbellin. | | | | |and French | | | | | |fleets; Dutch |1677. Battle of | | |1678. Peace with| |defeated. |the Lund, be- | | |Holland and | |Holland: William|tween the Swedes| | |Spain restores | |III., Stadt- |and Danes; the | | |tranquility to | |holder. |latter defeated.| | |Europe. | | | | | | | | | | | |1680. =France | | | | | |the most formi- | | | | | |dable power in | | | | | |Europe.= | | | | | | | | | | | |1685. Revocation| | | | | |of the edict of | | | | | |Nantes. | | | | | | | | | | | |1688. War of the| | | | | |allies against |1689. Alexander | | | | |France. |VIII., Pope. | | | | | | | | | | | |1693. Battle of | |1693. The King | | | |Marsaglia. |1695. Brussels |of Sweden de- | | |1697. General | |bombarded by the|clared absolute.| | |peace of Ryswick| |French. | | | |between France | | |1699. CHARLES | | |and the allies. | | |XII. begins to | | | | | |reign. Denmark, | | | | | |Poland and | | | | | |Russia form an | | | | | |alliance against| | | | | |Sweden. | | =1700=| | | | | | | 1701-1714. WAR OF THE SPANISH SUCCESSION | | | | | | | | |1702. Invasion |1702. French | |1702-1706. | | |of Holland. Re- |victory at | |Charles XII. | | |volt of the |Luzzara over the| |sweeps Poland | | |Huguenots. |Imperialists. | |and Russia. | | | | | | | | |1704. Defeat at | | | | | |Blenheim. |1706. French | | | | | |driven from | | | | | |Italy by Prince | | | | | |Eugene. | | | | | | | | | | | |1707. All | | | | |1713. Peace of |Spanish posses- | | | | |Utrecht; per- |sions in Italy | | | | |petual separa- |abandoned. | | | | |tion of the | | | | | |crown of France | | | | | |and Spain. | | | | | | | | | | | |1715. Death of |1715. Siege of |1715. Treaty of |1715. Charles | | |Louis XIV.; |Corfu raised. |Antwerp with |returns to | | |LOUIS XV., King.| |Austria. |Sweden. Prussia | | | | | |and England join| | |_MONTESQUIEU_ | | |the alliance | | |(1689-1755). | | |against him. | | | | | | | | |1718. WAR WITH SPAIN. QUADRUPLE ALLIANCE OF THE EMPEROR, FRANCE, | | |ENGLAND AND HOLLAND, AGAINST THE DESIGNS OF SPAIN. | | | | | | | | | | | |1718. Charles | | |_VOLTAIRE_ |1719. Sicily in-| |XII. invades | | |(1694-1778). |vaded by the | |Norway and is | | | |Spanish. | |killed at the | | | | | |siege of | | | | | |Frederickshall. | | | | | | | | | | | |1720. Sweden: | | |1724-1725. Con- | | |The queen abdi- | | |gress of Cambray| | |cates in favor | | |to consider | | |of her husband, | | |claims of Spain | | |Frederick I. | | |and Austria. | | | | | =1725=| | | |_LINNAEUS_ | | | | | |(1707-1778). | | | | | | | | | |1730. Clement | |1730. Denmark: | | |1733. The Polish|XII., Pope. | |Christian VI. | | |succession in- | | | | | |volves France in| | | | | |war. | | | | | | | | | | | | 1740-1748. WAR OF THE AUSTRIAN SUCCESSION | | | | | | | | | | | |1741. Sweden: | | | | | |War with Russia.| | | | | |Swedes driven | | | | | |out of Finland. | | | | | | | | | | | |1743. Peace of | | |1744. War with |1744. Italy in- | |Abo with Sweden | | |England and |vaded by the | |gives to Russia | | |Austria. |French and | |southern Fin- | | | |Spaniards. | |land. | | |_D’Alembert_ | | | | | |(1717-1783). |1746. French and| | | | | |Spaniards driven| | | | |1747. War with |from Lombardy. |1747. Nether- | | | |Holland. | |lands: William | | | | | |IV., Stadt- | | | | | |holder. | | | =1750=| | | | | | | | |1751. Nether- | | | | | |lands: William | | | | | |V., Stadtholder.| | | | | | | | | |1754-1763. OLD FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR OR SEVEN YEARS WAR: ENGLAND | | |AND PRUSSIA VS. FRANCE, AUSTRIA, RUSSIA, SPAIN AND SWEDEN. | | | | | | | | |1760. Loss of | | | | | |all Canada. | | | | | | | | | | | |1763. Peace of | | | | | |Paris. | | |1766. Denmark: | | | | | |Christian VII. | | |1770. Marriage | | | | | |of the dauphin | | |1772. Despotism | | |to Marie |1773. Jesuits | |re-established | | |Antoinette. |expelled from | |in Sweden by | | | |Rome. | |Gustavus III. | | |1774. LOUIS | | | | | |XVI., King. | | | | | =1775=| | | | | | |1776. Franklin | | | | | |in Paris. | | | | | | | | | | | |1778. Alliance | | | | | |with America. | | | | | | | | | | | |1780. Rochambeau| | |1780. _Declara- | | |sent to aid the | | |tion of the | | |Americans. | | |Armed Neutrality| | | | | |for the protec- | | |_LAVOISIER_ | | |tion of neutral | | |(1743-1794). | | |flags_ against | | | | | |the right of | | |1783. Peace of | | |maritime search | | |Versailles be- | | |claimed by En- | | |tween France, | | |gland--joined by| | |Spain, England | | |Denmark and | | |and America. | | |Sweden. Prussia | | | | | |and Austria, | | | | | |1781. Portugal, | | | | | |1782. | +-------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+