Chapter 4

The PSM contains also some basic models, like the model to keep in the eyesight a moving entity from external reality, or the model to touch by hand an entity in the range of the hand. There is also a collection of models associated with equilibrium and the general stability of the external body, together with a model of it, of course.

There are also a number of long range models which contain the instincts to survive unconditionally, forever (basic design requirement).

During the period of growing, others models can be included in the PSM, models which are associated with the educational process. Such models have to prepare the being to live in a specific external reality.

By accident, any other models can enter the PSM, but some of them can produce big problems for the future mature being, mainly paranoia type illnesses (see ETAs).

The basic characteristic of any model from the PSM is that such a model is invariant. It cannot be changed regardless of the information obtained from the external reality.

The main goal of the PSM is to ensure that the being will survive unconditionally, forever. To do this, the PSM is able to build elements, which are activated to self-develop as models.

So, when a new situation from the external reality is met, and there is no model to understand it, the PSM is automatically activated and tries to solve the problem, based on some reflex actions, or based on some instincts. It also makes a specialized element, which is activated as a model. The new model tries to understand the new situation by independent activity, in interaction with the external reality. When that situation is met again, the PSM is not activated, and the specialized model solves the case. So, as a being gains more and more experience, the PSM is not activated, but one of the specialized models is activated instead.

Regardless of how many models are in a brain, if a new external reality occurs and there is no model to understand it, the PSM will take the control in the way already described.

When PSM controls a being, this can be recognized by the fact that the consciousness disappears, as the normal structure of models is deactivated by the PSM. This situation is called as shock-status.

THE STRUCTURE OF THE BRAIN: FUNCTIONAL FACILITIES AND TYPES OF MODELS

A basic functional facility of the brain is that any model can develop any of its elements as a model. Once a model activates an element, that element is able to develop itself as a model, by direct interaction with the external reality and with any other model of the brain.

Another functional facility is described here. We see that a model can activate any of its elements to develop itself as a model. But, even if an element is already developed as a model, the main model continues to treat it as an element. This important feature will be developed below.

So, a main model has an element. This element has some properties. To integrate that element, the main model uses these properties. Now, the problems could be like: "why that element has such properties?" or "how such properties can be changed?" To answer such questions, the main model has to develop the element as a model. Once an element is developed as a model, its properties appear to be truths generated by the model. So, depending of the point of view, referring to the same entity, we discuss about an element with some properties, or about a model with some associated truths.

Once an element is developed as a model, the model can be changed. A changed model will have other associated truths, so that, when treated as an element of the main model, it has another set of properties. Thus the properties cannot be changed in a direct way, but through the changes in the model. In any case, a main model can operate only with elements, regardless of the fact that the element is or not already developed as a model.

We already use terms as "long range models" or "short range models". Let's define them.

A long-range model has already been defined as a model with its own elements developed as models. But here we will prefer another alternative definition. A long-range model is a model which reaches its aims by activation and deactivation of some of its elements. Such elements are already developed as models.

A short-range model reaches its aims by direct activation.

Example: to switch on the light in a room, a ZM model will make a ZAM. That ZAM will simulate the action. Based on this simulation it will activate an AZM which, in turn, will switch on the light. The ZM-model will confirm the success of the activity of the short-range ZAM model.

Example: To travel from a place to another, a ZM will make a ZAM. The ZAM will make some ZAMs. These ZAMs will make some others ZAMs. For any specific activity there will be a ZAM. Once a ZAM has reached its aim, it will be deactivated by the ZAM-model which activated it, and a new ZAM is activated. The general control belongs to the main-ZAM. The main-ZAM can be modified by the main ZM. Long-range models do such activity.

Example: we enter a room and switch on the light. The light really switches on. A local-ZM gets this information based on IR. But, a long-range ZM, which contains the local-ZM as an element, understands that the light had been broken, and now it is on. The local-ZM acts here as a shorter-range model. It does not understand the general environment. The main-ZM (which contains the local-ZM as element) is a long-range model.

We already saw that any model can activate any of its elements to self-develop as a model. Once an element is activated, it develops itself as a model. In turn, this new model can also activate as a model any of its elements. This "depth" has only technological limits. In fact, almost any model of the brain is a long-range model. The definitions, which are already given, respect this feature.

Now we shall present a list with the main models of a brain:

ZAM: these models are usually long-range models. A ZM model makes them. Their main function is to change the external reality. They are made for immediate activation (to drink water from a glass, for instance) or they could be models that give the orientation of the whole life of a person or anything between these very large limits.

Such models are not changed by direct interaction with the external reality. If a ZAM fails to do something, the upper ZAM or the local-ZM will build and activate another ZAM.

During their activity, they have full access to any resource of the brain (internal or external, by a ZM model).

AZM: these short-range models are direct-action models. They are connected directly to different organs which can act on the external reality (hands, legs..) They keep precise information about such organs. When a ZAM model has to make a simulation of a specific action, the AZM models have to give precise information about every feature of the associated organs.

Referring to ZAM and AZM models, any action on the external reality is based on a simulation. Without a successful simulation, the brain is not able to do any activity.

Once a simulation is a success, the main ZAM will activate the action (in connection with local-ZM). The action will be the same as the simulated action. This procedure is followed by any ZAM in any activity.

There are some exceptions. When the PSM takes control, some reflex-models are activated without initialization and without simulation. The reason is the highest speed of action, even if the action is not the right one.

ACTIVE-TYPE MODELS (normal ZM-models)

ZM models are made mainly by direct interaction with the external reality. They generate the knowledge and consciousness. They are self-activated in any situation when they are able to predict in a good way the possible evolution of a given external reality.

A ZM, which interacts directly with the external reality, is also a model, which controls the whole body. They build, activate and deactivate any ZAM, based on a set of goals.

A long-range ZM model also controls a local-ZM. This is able to modify a local-ZM model, based on long-range predictions.

The whole activity is supervised by PSM. Usually the PSM is activated only when all the available ZMs fail to control the interaction with the external reality.

A ZM model has full access to all the resources of the brain. It can take any information from any part of the brain and can make any model based on any available information.

By analyzing the normal activity of the brain, one understands that some activities use only a limited number of models. The access to some models is easier than to others. We can find very fast some information and find more slowly other. This suggests that some models, which are usually employed together, are grouped. We define a quasi-structure of models called MZM. A MZM is a group of models, which are used often together. They can be associated with some specific complex activities (job, hobby, family life, car driving and so on).

STORY-TYPE MODELS

These are transition-ZMs. When there are some information from the external reality, the normal activity of the brain is to build a normal ZM-model or to find the best available ZM to integrate that information.

When the quantity of information is high, the brain has no technical possibility to follow this normal mode of interaction. It is forced just to record the information in a string-type mode. Such a record of data is called a story-type model (S-M).

Note: some persons who already read this book were disturbed by the fact that there are many sequences which are repeated in different parts of the book. Unfortunately for such persons, this happened because they make story-type models instead of a normal model. If they make story-type models and if there is a repeated sequence, the local-ZM will jump back to the place where the information was previously met. At that moment, the story-type models are fragmenting. The person has lost the connection with the story-type model and is forced to make a new one. Also, the person could try to reconnect the old model with the new one, but this is difficult. For a person who makes a normal model, when a sequence is repeated, this sequence will only confirm the normal model and this is very good for the model.

Story-type models can be used as a source of information to make or develop, off-line, normal models. Any element of such models can be developed as a normal model later.

Although many people use this type of interaction with the external reality, this mode of interaction is not efficient and uses a lot of the limited resources of the brain.

Indeed, a story-type-model records the information in an explicit way, about the same way as it is recorded on a tape-recorder. This mode is a very primitive way of recording data. A normal model can generate a huge quantity of information by simulation. Such information is not recorded there in an explicit way.

Even more, a story-type model introduces non-normal relations between some elements. As we know, a story-type model is made by elements connected between them in the order of occurrence. So, two elements, which could have no connection between them, could be recorded with a relation between them if they occurred together. Anyway, there is no control and no long-range model to control the recording of a story-type model.

Unfortunately, such models are very spread out all over the world, due to the fact that there is too much information, and due to some big deficiencies of the education policy.

So, an education based on normal models will reduce very much the quantity of information, which has to be processed by a brain. The present education policy is based on assimilation of external models. That is, the capacity to build models is not used. So, faced with a huge quantity of information, the population is forced to make story-type models. This will reduce even more the capacity of the population to make normal models.

Example: a taxi driver must know any route in a city. There is a huge number of such routes and he has to learn each, both directions. If the normal model of the city is learned, then that taxi driver is able to find a route in any conditions. Except for the normal model of the city, it is not necessary to learn anything else. By story-type models (to learn routes) he has to increase the quantity of information with every new route. This is an example, but the situation is met in almost any field of activity. In practice, both methods are used.

Story-type models developed as long-range models are very dangerous, because they can stimulate induced-paranoia (XIP) or a schizophrenic-paranoiac complex (XSPC). This is so because a story-type model has special relations between its elements. Such relations are generated by the arbitrary occurrence of the elements and thus, to transform the story-type model into a family of normal models becomes difficult (the brain has to build from scratch several new normal models, based on the information generated by a story-type model, and this is not easy).

The story-type models are integrated in the normal structure of models and they are controlled by that structure.

SHIELDING MODELS

We already saw that any model evolves independently, by itself, based on the information taken from external reality or from others models. The aim of any model is to gain its stability. Once a model has a problem, it will continue to be active up to the moment when it regains stability.

There are some problems without solution. The model will continue to look for a solution forever. This activity can produce negative effects on the overall stability of the structure of models of the brain (it consumes a lot of energy).

The main problem without solution is death (human beings only).

This is a basic problem. So, there is a model which predicts the death of a person and that model has no solution to the problem. When there is no model to solve a problem, the PSM is activated. The PSM has no solution too and so it will make a specific model to solve the problem. But the new model has no solution either, and so, a dangerous loop is activated. This activity could be very dangerous for the stability of the structure of models of any mature human being.

Since the oldest times, the human beings found a solution: shielding models.

A shielding model is a model, which is made to prevent a normal model from activating the PSM and also to transmit to the model with problems some information to stabilize it.

The best-known shielding model is religion.

Observation: as a person becomes older and older, the prediction of death is more and more precise. The person has the tendency to become more and more religious. Also, when a population is under stress, it has also the tendency to become more and more religious.

A shielding model is associated to a normal model which has problems. A shielding model is not based on external reality. It cannot be included in a normal model, as the normal model cannot include a model which is not based on external reality.

The reality generated by a shielding model can be called "illusion".

The shielding model can be made for any problem without solution. Such models reduce the nonsense activity of a brain and so, there is more energy to solve the normal problems. But, such models could be also very dangerous. The activation of a shielding model also deactivates the protection structure of a person or at least some section of it.

The shielding models are the main models, which can pass from 'normal-to-PSM' zone to PSM. Such changes could be very dangerous for that being, because some protection models are deactivated forever.

The shielding models are partially integrated in the normal structure of models and so, the structure can, partially, control them.

ACTIVABLE MODELS (WBAM)

A ZM could predict a future situation of the external reality, which has no associated model. Such a situation can activate the PSM. To prevent this, the ZM can make a would-be active-type model (WBAM). Such a model is not created by direct interaction with the external reality. Such a WBAM acts as a shielding model up to the last moment before the activation. After activation, it becomes a normal ZM model.

A normal ZM is built in direct interaction with external reality. WBAMs can be associated with the external reality without previous interaction with it.

Note: the emotion is defined in MDT as a transient situation between the activation of the PSM and the moment when a normal suitable model is activated. The activation of the PSM can be prevented by a good WBAM (of course, if that situation was predicted by a main ZM).

WBAMs are included in the normal structure of the models and they are controlled by it.

ILLEGAL MODELS (XZM)

All types of models described up to now are normal models. They are included in a harmonic/logic way in the structure.

There are some models, which are not included in the normal structure of models, or they have lost their normal connection to the structure. Such models are called "illegal models" or XZM.

There are many situations which can produce illegal models. A case is when a new model is not finished because the specific external reality, which produced it, is no met anymore.

For instance, somebody has been involved in a car accident. A new model is started, but because such situation will not be met again in the near future, the model is not finished, because there is no external reality to finish it. Such model could evolve as an illegal model.

Observation: there is an empirical method of the "classical" psychiatry to stimulate or even to force a person (mainly children) to tell everything which is associated with a traumatic situation. MDT says that such a method is very good because, in this way, a possible illegal model will be forced to connect to the normal structure of models and so, the long-range negative effects are prevented. As we see, MDT can explain exactly why this psychiatric empirical procedure is good, as MDT was not even created specifically for the psychiatric field!

Another situation when an XZM could be created is when a model is too large. Such a model could be fragmented and some components can lose the normal connection with the structure. The fragments can evolve as illegal models.

The story-type models are also candidates to become XZM (at least some parts of them).

A major cause of the occurrence of illegal models is technological problems. As we know, a normal structure of models is made of many models, which are connected together in a harmonic/logic way. The models communicate between them but, if the communication is not good due to technological problems, some models can become illegal.

Such process can also generate half-XZM models. Such models have little communications with the other models, or the communication can be only in association with some other models, or only in association with some specific situations of the external reality.

Because such models are no controlled anymore by the normal structure of models, they can contain anything. They can obtain information from the external reality or from other models, or they can create and activate models which can act on the external reality (ZAM and AZM).

XZM models could be dangerous, or even very dangerous, because a person can do some things outside his/her consciousness. A person that has such models does not know that such models exist in his/her brain. Some of these models can be detected during hypnosis practice.

XZMs can explain somnambulist-effect, double-personality, and many illogical or bizarre activities. They can also explain some crimes, including the serial-killer phenomenon or terrorism-related crimes. Such a person is just "remote-controlled" by the XZMs.

The illegal models can explain also some paranormal phenomena.

PARANORMAL PHENOMENA

Telepathy is considered as a direct communication between two brains. Even more, this kind of communication is performed at great distance between the two brains and through any kind of media.

Unfortunately, this kind of transmission of information is not possible, based on the laws of the nature. In order to transmit information, it is necessary to transmit energy at the distance. The known fields of forces (electric, magnetic, electro-magnetic and gravitational) do not meet the requirements for such a transmission. Even more, even if there is a field of forces which can propagate at large distance through any kind of material, in order to transmit information, modulation of the energy, depending on the information, is also necessary. At the receiver it is necessary to demodulate the energy changes, in order to get the message.

Some could say that the information could be transmitted by a 'shortcut', without transmitting the energy at the distance. This interferes with the basics of the sciences of nature.

Anyways, I believe in natural sciences, and the only conclusion is that, for now and forever, telepathy, as a direct transmission of information from a brain to another, does not exist.

MDT explains "telepathy" in the frame of the laws of nature, without any kind of transmission of information at the distance. The phenomenon is based on the huge capacity of the brain to process information and on XZM models.

As we know, the basic function of any brain is to make models and to simulate the possible evolution of them. A model, which is associated with an external reality, is able to predict the evolution of that external reality. So, at any moment, we make predictions associated with the external reality, and the majority of them are good.

Now, let's suppose that a person has a special relation with another person, as a mother and her child, for instance. The model associated with her child could have been active for many years. Such a model could become a XZM model. This XZM is active outside the control of the mother. Such an XZM could simulate the interaction between the child and different kinds of environments. When a negative prediction occurs, such a model can transmit a message to the local-ZM. The mother "receives" a message. The "receiver" cannot find the source and the reason for that message, because an XZM-model, not belonging to the normal structure of models, transmits the message. It is very easy to consider that such a message is transmitted by "telepathy".

So, MDT considers that such messages are generated by simulation on an XZM- model and so, they are just predictions. In some cases, such predictions could be correct (the predictions which are not correct are forgotten !!!). Such messages are not related with the external reality.

Some of such predictions could also be obtained during a hypnosis session, because hypnosis is associated only with XZMs.

The same basic explanation is valid for the clairvoyance phenomenon. In such a case, the XZM is associated with a specific external reality, or with an illness.

Such predictions could be correct for many situations, but, because they are just predictions, there is a limited guarantee on their correctness.

Example: a person was "seen" by a clairvoyance medium. This medium was asked on the status of the heart of that person. The answer was that the heart is in a good shape. The answer was correct. But there was a "little" problem: that person was wearing a pacemaker, which was not "seen" by the medium, in accordance with MDT.

MDT can be used to see how to develop such paranormal qualities. First of all, for it, let's remember that XZM are image models and so, developing the interaction with external reality based on image models is strongly recommended. Also, a natural tendency towards image models is mandatory.