Chapter 16

Gold, discovered in California, 237. tested by Sutter, 238. carried to San Francisco, 239. excitement over, 239. effect of discovery of, 239.

Grant, General, 260.

Gray, Captain, voyage to the Pacific, 233. carries American flag around the world, 233. names the Columbia River, 234. helps us to get Oregon, 234. summary of, 235.

Greene, General (Revolution), 140, 178, 212.

Greene, Mrs. General, 178, 179.

Hadley, Indian attack on, 91. Goffe at, 91, and note in A Short List of Books.

Hamilton, Colonel, 161, 164.

Hanks, John, and Lincoln, 250, 257, 258.

Harrison, General, birthplace of (note), 203. governor of Indiana Territory, 203. marches against the Indians, 203. gains victory of Tippecanoe, 203. beats the British, 204. elected President, 204. death of, 204. summary of, 205.

Henry, Patrick, speech of, 185. sends Clark to take British forts, 162.

Henry VII., sends Cabot on voyage of discovery, 21. claims part of North America, 22.

Holland, gives Pilgrims a refuge, 62. takes possession of the country on the Hudson, 59.

Houston (Hew'ston), Sam, birthplace of (note), 229. in war with Indians, 229. governor of Tennessee, 229. goes to live with the Indians, 229. goes to Texas, 230. fights for Texas, 230. is made president of Texas, 230. in the Civil War, 231. death of, 231. summary of, 232.

Howe, General, driven from Boston, 136.

Hudson, Henry, first voyage of, 52. hired by the Dutch, 53. sails for America, 53. discovers the "Great River," 54. what he said about the country, 55. voyage up the river, 56. is feasted by the Indians, 56. what the Indians thought of him, 56. has fight with Indians, 57. sails for Europe, 58. Hudson River is named for him, 58. death of, in Hudson Bay, 58. what he would think of New York now, 60. summary of, 61.

Hudson River described, 55, 56. named, 58. Dutch settle on the, 59.

Illinois, Clark's conquest of, 162, 163.

Independence, see Declaration of Independence.

Indians, Columbus names the, 14. described, 13. welcome the English, 32. of Virginia, 40. how they lived, 40. and Captain Smith, 41, 42. feast Henry Hudson, 56. make treaty with Pilgrims, 69. help the Pilgrims, 69. challenge Pilgrims to fight, 70. Standish's fight with the, 71. help the settlers of Maryland, 78. Roger Williams defends rights of, 83. how they helped Williams, 84, 85. great war with, in N. E., 90-94. Penn defends rights of, to land, 98. make treaty with Penn, 99. friendly to the Quakers, 99. war dance of, 127. and Daniel Boone, 148-153. their tricks and stratagems, 149. capture Boone's daughter, 151. capture Boone and adopt him, 152. in the Revolution, 161, 167. war in Ohio, 172, 173. what they called the steamboat, 198. forced to move West, 201, 218. story of the log, "move on," 201. victory of Harrison over, 203. victory of Jackson over, 216, 229. Sam Houston goes to live with the, 229. move west of the Mississippi, 218. See Canonchet, Canonicus, Black Hawk, King Philip, Massasoit, Pocahontas, Powhatan, Samoset, Squanto, Tecumseh, "The Prophet," Wamsutta, Weathersford.

Indian treaty with Pilgrims, 69. with Penn, 99.

Indian wars, King Philip's War, 90-94. in Kentucky, 148. at the West, in the Revolution, 161. in Ohio, 172, 173. in Illinois, 253. in Indiana, 203. in Alabama, 215, 216. in Florida, 218. Black Hawk War, 253.

Jackson, Andrew, birth and boyhood of, 206. and the gun, 206. and Tarleton, 207. his mother, 207. his hatred of the British, 208. dangers exposed to, 209. taken prisoner, 211. and the boots, 211. sees a battle through a knot-hole, 212. death of his mother, 213. what he said of her, 213. begins to learn a trade, 214. studies law, 214. goes to Tennessee, 214. becomes judge, 214. becomes general, 214. fights the Indians, 216. interview with Weathersford, 216. wins the great battle of New Orleans, 217. conquers Indians in Florida, 218. elected President, 218. four steps in life of, 218. summary of, 219.

James I., Jamestown named for, 38. denies religious liberty to his subjects, 62, 73.

Jamestown settled, 38. burned, 49.

Jasper, Sergeant, how he saved the flag, 140.

Jefferson, Thomas, birth of, 184. home at Monticello, 184. beloved by his slaves, 184. desires to free, 184. hears Patrick Henry speak, 185. writes Declaration of Independence, 186. elected President, 187. what he said about New Orleans and Louisiana, 187. buys Louisiana, 188. his death, 189. inscription on his tombstone, 189. summary of, 190.

"Jonathan, Brother," 241. origin of name (note), 241.

Jury trial, first in America, 39.

Jury (note), 39.

Kaskaskia (Kas-kas'ki-a) Fort, 161-163.

King Philip, son of Massasoit, 87. becomes chief, 88. how he dressed and lived, 88. his hatred of the whites, 88. determines to make war 89. Indians attack Swansea, 90. attack other towns, 90. burn Brookfield, 90. attack Hadley 91. bravery shown by a woman 92. the great swamp fight, 93. Canonchet taken, 93. Philip's wife and son taken, 94. wife and son sold into slavery, 94. Philip shot, 94. destruction caused by the war, 94. cost of the war, 94. Indian power broken, 94. summary of, 95.

Lafayette (Lah-fay-et'), helps us in the Revolution, 141. pursues Cornwallis, 141. at the tomb of Washington, 144.

Land acquired by the United States, see Territory and United States.

Lee, General, in the Civil War, 260.

Legislature (note), 257.

Lexington, battle of, 134.

Leyden (Li'den), Holland, 62.

Leyden jar, 118, 119.

Liberty, religious, in Maryland, 78-80. religious, in Rhode Island, 85. religious, none formerly in England, 62, 76, 97.

Liberty, Sons of, in the Revolution, 60.

Liberty, statue of, 60.

Lincoln, Abraham, birth and boyhood of, 244. how he lived, 244, 245. death of his mother, 246. what he said of her, 246. what his step-mother said of him, 246. at school, 247. teaches himself at home, 247. what he read, 247. how he used the fire-shovel, 247. description of, at seventeen, 248. his strength, 248. goes to New Orleans, 249. moves to Illinois, 250. splits rails, 250. hunting frolics, 250. tends store at New Salem, 251. is attacked by Jack Armstrong, 251. his faithfulness in little things, 252. called "Honest Abe," 243, 252. in the Black Hawk War, 253. becomes postmaster and surveyor, 254. studies law, 254. begins to practise law, 254. respected by all men, 254. in Armstrong murder trial, 255. how he saved the pig, 256. goes to the Legislature, 257. goes to Congress, 243, 257. chosen candidate for President, 258. elected President, 258. his election brings on the Civil War, 259. emancipates the slaves, 260. murdered by Booth, 261. grief of the nation at his death, 261. summary of, 262.

Louisiana, purchase of, 188. original extent of, 188.

Major (note), 128.

Manhattan Island, 54, 59, 60.

Marietta, Ohio, settled, 170. name of, 171. what Washington said of, 171. and the Indians, 172. summary of, 174.

Marshall finds gold in California, 237. his poverty, 239.

Maryland, name of, 77. granted to Lord Baltimore, 77. rent of, 77. settlement of, 78. first Catholic church in America in, 78. home of religious liberty, 79. trouble with Virginia, 80. Catholics of, badly treated, 80. Baltimore city founded, 80. in the Revolution, 80. summary of, 81.

Massachusetts, name of, 73. settlement of, 73. in the Revolution, 74.

Massasoit (Mas-sa-soit'), makes treaty with the Pilgrims, 69. kindness of, to Roger Williams, 84. King Philip, his son, 87.

_Mayflower_, voyage of the, 64, 66, 73. Ohio boat so named, 170.

Messages (note), 220.

Mexico, war with, 239. territory obtained from, 239.

Miami (Mi-am'i), Ohio, 172.

Mississippi, De Soto discovers the, 29. belonged to France, 187. we get possession of the, 188. first steamboat on the, 198, 199.

Moccasins (note), 136.

Model (note), 224.

Monticello, described, 184.

Morgan's sharpshooters, 140.

Morse, Samuel F. B., birth and boyhood of, 220. becomes a painter, 221. goes to France, 221. thinks of using electricity to send messages, 221. returns to America, 222. invents electric telegraph, 222. his poverty, 223. takes the first photograph in America, 223. gets assistance from Mr. Vail, 224. obtains patent for the telegraph, 224. receives help from Congress, 225, 226. and Miss Annie Ellsworth, 226, 227. builds line of telegraph, 227. the first message sent, 227. how a message is sent (note), 227. the first year of telegraphy, 227. summary of, 228.

Moultrie, Colonel, 140. Fort, 140.

Mount Vernon, Washington at, 126, 135, 144.

Nation (note), 217.

Negroes, see Slaves.

New Amsterdam, 59.

New England, name of, 46. first settlements in, 66, 73, 74.

New Netherland, name of, 59. seized by the English, 59.

New Orleans, owned by the French, 187. purchase of, 188. battle of, 217. cotton exported from, 183.

New Salem, Illinois, 251.

Newspaper, Franklin's, 110, 116.

New York, name of, 59.

New York City, name, 59. in the Revolution, 60, 137, 144.

North and South in the Civil War, 259, 260.

Northmen discover America (note), 21.

Oglethorpe (O'gel-thorp), General, who he was, 102. and prisoners for debt, 103. gets grant of Georgia, 102, 103. object of settling Georgia, 103. builds Savannah, 104. welcomes German settlers, 105. attempts to produce silk, 106. sends silk as present to the queen of England, 106. keeps out the Spaniards, 107. in his old age, 107. summary of, 108.

Ohio, first settlement in, 170. Indian wars in, 172, 173.

Ohio River, first steamboat on, 198.

Oregon, how we got our claim to, 234. added to the United States, 234, 240.

Pacific, Balboa discovers the, 28.

Pacific Railroad completed (note), 263.

Pacific railroads, the three, 263.

Palisade, 70.

Palisades of the Hudson (note), 56.

Palmetto logs (note), 140.

Palos, convent at, 6. Columbus sails from, 8. reception at, 16.

Parker, Captain, at Lexington, 134.

Patent (note), 224.

Penn, William, receives grant of Pennsylvania, 96. belongs to the Society of Friends or Quakers, 97. his religion, 97. sends emigrants to Pennsylvania, 98. his conversation with Charles II., 98. founds Philadelphia, 99. his treaty with the Indians, 99. visits the Indians, 99. his treaty elm protected by a British officer, 99. said the people should make their own laws, 100. goes back to England, 100. the victim of a dishonest agent, 100. goes to prison for debt, 100. death of, 100. love of the Indians for him, 100. Indians send a present to his widow, 100. grave of, 100. summary of, 101.

Pennsylvania, named by Charles II., 96. granted to William Penn, 96. natural wealth of, 96. in the Revolution, 100.

Philadelphia, founded, 99. name of, 99. prosperity of, 100, 109. what Franklin did for, 117. in the Revolution, 100. first Continental Congress meets in, 100. Declaration of Independence made in, 100.

Philip, King, see King Philip.

Photograph, first, in America, 223.

Pilgrims, the, in Holland, 62. name of, 62. persecuted in England, 62. why they wished to leave Holland, 63. sail for America, 64. Captain Myles Standish goes with them, 64. number of the, 64. make a compact of government, 64. elect John Carver first governor, 64. land on the Cape, 65. washing-day, 65. explore the Cape, 65. land on Plymouth Rock, 66. settle in Plymouth, 66. why they chose that place, 66. name of, 66. sickness and death, 67. meet Indians, 68. make treaty with Massasoit, 69. their first Thanksgiving, 69. Canonicus dares them to fight, 70. Governor Bradford's reply, 70. build a fort, 70. build a palisade, 70. fight the Indians at Weymouth, 71. what Myles Standish did for the Pilgrims, 71, 72. summary of, 75. See Myles Standish.

Pioneers (note), 230.

Pittsburg, 162, 170, 198, and see map, 127.

Plantation (note), 123.

Planter (note), 48.

Plymouth, the Pilgrims settle, 66. natural advantages of, 66. name of, 66. See Pilgrims.

Plymouth Rock, Pilgrims land on, 66.

Pocahontas (Po-ka-hon'tas), saves Smith's life, 42, and note in A Short List of Books. marries Rolfe, 42. her descendants, 42.

Ponce de Leon, see De Leon.

Potato, the, sent to England, 33. Raleigh plants it in Ireland, 33.

Powder, lack of, in Revolution, 136. sent from Savannah to Bunker Hill, 107.

Powhatan (Pow-ha-tan') and Captain John Smith, 42.

Prison-ships, British, 213.

"Prophet," the, and Tecumseh, 202, 204. at the battle of Tippecanoe, 203. his sacred beans, 203. Indians say he is a liar, 203. Tecumseh takes him by the hair, 204.

Prophet (note), 202.

Providence, name of, 85. settled, 85. religious liberty in, 85.

Puritans (note), 62. settle Boston, 73.

Putnam, General Rufus, services in the Revolution, 169. builds fortifications at Dorchester Heights, 169. builds the _Mayflower_, 170. settles Marietta, Ohio, 170. summary of, 174.

Quakers, see Friends.

Railroad, the first, in America, 218, and note, 218. growth of railroads, 218. first Pacific (note), 263. the three Pacific railroads, 263.

Raleigh (Raw'li), Sir Walter, a favorite of Queen Elizabeth, 32. sends exploring expedition to America, 32. receives title of honor, 33. sends settlers to Virginia, 33. receives tobacco and potato plants from Virginia, 33. plants them in Ireland, 33. spends a great deal of money on his Virginia colony, 34. fails to establish a settlement, 34. last days of, 35. is beheaded, 35. power of his example, 35. summary of, 36.

Ranches (note), 263.

Rebels (note), 210.

Red-coats (note), 208.

Religious liberty, none in England, 62. in Maryland, 79. in Rhode Island, 85.

Religious persecution in England, 62, 76, 97. of Catholics, 76, 80. of Pilgrims, 62. of Puritans, 73. of Quakers, 97.

Revere's (Re-veer'), Paul, ride, 134.

Revolution, the, cause of, 131. first blood shed in, 134. progress of, 132-143. Declaration of Independence, 137. battles of, see Battles. end of, 144, 145. See Washington.

Revolution, the, in Delaware, 100. Georgia, 107. Maryland, 80. Massachusetts, 74, 134-136, 169. New England, 74. New Jersey, 100, 138, 139. New York, 60, 137, 139, 144. North Carolina, 107, 140, 156, 207-213. Pennsylvania, 100, 139. Rhode Island, 85. South Carolina, 107, 140, 207-213. Virginia, 50, 141, 142, 185, 186. in the West, 161-167.

Rhode Island settled, 85. religious liberty in, 85. in the Revolution, 85.

Robertson, James, birthplace of (note), 156. his home in North Carolina, 156. emigrates to Watauga, Tennessee, 158. and Sevier, 159. what he did for the new settlement, 159. Washington makes him general, 159. summary of, 160.

Sacramento, Sutter's Fort at, 236.

Sacred (note), 203.

Salem, Roger Williams' church at, 82.

Samoset (Sam'o-set) and the Pilgrims, 68.

San Salvador (Sal'va-dor), Columbus names, 13.

Saratoga, battle of, 139.

Savannah settled, 104. in the Revolution, 107.

Seal, great, of United States, 264 and note.

Seekonk, Roger Williams at, 85.

Senate Chamber (note), 225.

Sergeant (Sar'jent) (note), 140.

Sevier (Se-veer'), John, born in Virginia (note), 156. emigrates to Watauga, Tennessee, 159. and Robertson, 159. what he did for Watauga, 159. becomes first governor of Tennessee, 159. summary of, 160.

Sharpshooters in the Revolution, 136, 140.

Silk, attempt to produce, in Georgia, 106. sent to England, 106. the Queen has a dress made of it, 106.

Silkworm (note), 106.

Slaves, negro, first brought to Virginia, 48. employed in raising tobacco, 48. planters grow rich by, 48. all the colonies buy, 48, 259. Washington's, 135. Jefferson beloved by his, 184. Jefferson's feeling in regard to, 184. how employed on cotton, 179. and the cotton-gin, 180. gradually freed at the North, 259. their condition unchanged at the South, 259. feeling at the South about, 259. feeling at the North about, 259. question of holding, divides the states, 259. Lincoln in regard to increasing number of, 259, 260. and the Civil War, 259, 260. freed by President Lincoln, 260. effect of emancipation of, on the Union, 261.

Smith, John, early life and adventures of, 37. sold as a slave, 37. starts for Virginia, 37. arrested on the voyage on a false charge, 38. is tried and acquitted, 39. court grants him damages, 39. what he hoped to do in Virginia, 38. what he did for the sick, 39. prevents desertion, 39. goes in search of the Pacific, 41. is captured by Indians, 41. how he used his pocket compass, 41. brought before Powhatan, 41. Pocahontas saves his life, 42, and note in A Short List of Books. made governor of Jamestown, 43. his opinion of the gold-diggers, 43. compels Indians to let settlers have corn, 43. makes all the settlers work, 44. his cold-water cure for swearing, 45. meets with a terrible accident, 46. goes back to England, 46. returns and explores country north of Virginia, 46. names it New England, 46. death and burial of, 46. what he did for Virginia, 47. his books and maps, 47. is called the "Father of Virginia," 47. writes Captain Henry Hudson, 53. summary of, 51.

South, the, in the Civil War, 260. great progress of, since the war, 263.

Spaniards settle Florida, 30. are kept out of Georgia, 107.

Squanto (Skwon'to), how he helped the Pilgrims, 68, 69.

Squaws (note), 152.

Standish, Myles, an English soldier in Holland, 64. goes to America with the Pilgrims, 64. explores Cape Cod, 65. lands at Plymouth Rock, 66. was nurse as well as soldier, 67. goes to meet Massasoit, 69. feared by the Indians, 70. escorts the Pilgrims to church, 70. has a fight with the Indians, 71. saves Plymouth from attack by Indians, 71. what else he did for the Pilgrims, 72. what he left at his death, 72. his monument, 72. summary of, 75.

Steamboat, Fulton's, on the Hudson, 197. first at the West, 198, 199. effect of, on emigration, 199.

St. Mary's, settlement at, 78.

Survey (note), 127.

Sutter (Soo'ter), John A., his fort in California, 236. founds Sacramento, 236. lives like a king, 236. begins to build saw-mill at Colona, 237. Marshall brings him gold-dust to test, 238. is convinced that gold has been found, 238. how he felt at the discovery, 238. loses his property, 239. is pensioned by California, 239. summary of, 242.

Swansea (Swon'ze) attacked by Indians, 90.

Swordfish (note), 194.

Tarleton (Tarl'ton), cruelty of, 207. called "Butcher Tarleton," 208. his soldiers and the bees, 208. is beaten at Cowpens, 210. what he hears from the children, 210.

Taxation of America by George III., 131. chief cause of the Revolution, 131.

Tea, taxed, sent to America, 132. destruction of, 132. "Boston Tea Party," 132.

Tecumseh (Te-kum'seh) excites the Indians to war, 202, 215. takes the "Prophet" by the hair, 204. fights for the British in Canada, 204. is killed, 204.

Telegraph, meaning of the word (note), 222. what it is, 222. electric, invented by Morse, 222. Vail's work on, 224. patented by Morse, 224. Congress grants money to build line, 225, 226. first message over, 227. business of, in 1845, 227. business of, to-day, 227. how messages are sent by (note), 227. Atlantic, 227. See Samuel F. B. Morse.

Telephone, meaning of the word (note), 227. what it is, 227. when invented (note), 227. use of, to-day, 228.

Tennessee, first settlement of, 158, 159. See James Robertson and John Sevier.

Terrier (note), 204.

Territory added to the United States since the Revolution, 240; and see United States.

Tests (note), 238.

Texas, forms part of Mexico, 230. we try to buy it, 230. Houston goes to, 230. massacre of Americans at Fort Alamo, 230. war of independence, 230. flag of, 230. annexed, 230. dispute with Mexico about boundary, 239. Mexican war and, 239. and the Civil War, 231. summary of, 232.

Tippecanoe, battle of, 203.

Tobacco sent from Virginia to Sir Walter Raleigh, 33. he plants it in Ireland, 33. value of, to Virginia, 48.

Torpedo (note), 194. Fulton's experiments with torpedoes, 194, 195.

Tow cloth (note), 250.

Travis (Tra'vis), Colonel, in Texas, 230.

Treaty, Indian, with Pilgrims, 69. with William Penn, 99. (note), 99.

Tryon, Governor, in North Carolina, 156. oppression by, 156. called the "Great Wolf of North Carolina," 156. at battle of Alamance, 156.

Union (note), 259. the South resolves to withdraw from the, 259. strengthened by result of the Civil War, 261.

United States, independence of, declared, 186. War of the Revolution, see Revolution. more perfect Union formed (note), 259. extent of, at the close of the Revolution, 187. acquires Louisiana (1803), 188. acquires Florida (1819), 218. acquires Texas (1845), 230. acquires Oregon (1846), 234. acquires California and New Mexico (1848), 239. acquires Gadsden Purchase (1853), 240. acquires Alaska (1867), 240. extent of, to-day, 240. War of 1812, 204, 217. War of, with Mexico, 239. the Civil War, 259. growth since the War, 263, 264. and "World's Columbian Exposition," 264. great seal of, 264. what we can do for, 264.

Vail, Alfred, and Morse's telegraph, 224.

Venison (note), 32.

Vespucci, Amerigo (A-ma-ree'go Ves-poot'chee), 26. and name America, 26.

Vigo (Vee'go) helps Clark, 164.

Vincennes (Vin-senz'), Fort, 161, 164-167.

Virginia, Raleigh's expedition to, 32. named by Elizabeth, 33. first settlement in, 33. first English child in America born in, 34. failure of first settlement, 34. tobacco and potato sent from, 33. permanently settled at Jamestown, 38. first English church in, 39. first jury trial in, 39. Captain Smith made governor of, 43. books about, 47. slaves sent to, 48. tobacco, cultivation of, 48. prosperity of, 48. Berkeley and Bacon's war in, 49. Jamestown burned, 49. growth of, 50. makes ready to fight for its rights, 185. first demands independence of America, 50. in the Revolution, see Revolution. owns extensive western possessions, 162. George Washington and, 50. the "Mother of Presidents," 50. summary of, 51. in the Civil War, 260.

Virginia Dare, birth of, 34.

Voted (note), 226.

Wamsutta, death of, 87.

War, Bacon's, in Virginia, 49. King Philip's, in New England, 89-94. of the Revolution, see Revolution. with the British in the West, 161-167. with Indians in the West, 161. with Indians in Ohio, 173. with Indians in Indiana, 203. with Indians in Illinois, 253. the Black Hawk, 253. with Indians in Alabama, 215, 216. with Indians in Florida, 218. of 1812 (note), 181, 204, 217. cause of, of 1812, 204. of Texan independence, 230. with Mexico, 239. cause of Mexican, 239. the Civil, 259, 260. cause of the Civil, 259.

War-whoop (war-hoop) (note), 91.