Philosophy
It is hoped that the present volume will supply a want that is really felt by students of philosophy in our universities—the want of an English text-book on General Metaphysics from the Scholastic standpoint. It is the author’s intention to supplement his _Science of Logic_(1)...
It is hoped that the present volume will supply a want that is really felt by students of philosophy in our universities—the want of an English text-book on General Metaphysics...
2. CHAPTER I. BEING AND ITS PRIMARY DETERMINATIONS.1. OUR CONCEPT OF BEING: ITS EXPRESSION AND FEATURES.—The term “_Being_” (Lat. _ens_; Gr. ὤν; Ger. _Seiend_; Fr. _étant_) as present participle of the verb _to be_ (Lat. _esse_;...
3. CHAPTER II. BECOMING AND ITS IMPLICATIONS.6. THE STATIC AND THE CHANGING.—The things we see around us, the things which make up the immediate data of our experience, not only _are_ or _exist_; they also _become_, or _co...
4. CHAPTER III. EXISTENCE AND ESSENCE.12. EXISTENCE.—In the preceding chapters we examined reality in itself and in its relation to change or becoming. We have now to examine it in relation to its actual existence a...
5. CHAPTER IV. REALITY AS ONE AND MANIFOLD.25. THE TRANSCENDENTAL ATTRIBUTES OR PROPERTIES OF BEING: UNITY, TRUTH, AND GOODNESS.—So far, we have analysed the notions of Real Being, of Becoming or Change, of Being as Poss...
6. CHAPTER V. REALITY AND THE TRUE.40. ONTOLOGICAL TRUTH CONSIDERED FROM ANALYSIS OF EXPERIENCE.—We have seen that when the mind thinks of any reality it apprehends it as “one,” that ontological unity is a transc...
7. CHAPTER VI. REALITY AND THE GOOD.44. THE GOOD AS “DESIRABLE” AND AS “SUITABLE”.—The notion of the _good_ (L. _bonum_; Gr. ἀγαθόν) is one of the most familiar of all notions. But like all other transcendental or...
8. CHAPTER VII. REALITY AND THE BEAUTIFUL.53. THE CONCEPT OF THE BEAUTIFUL FROM THE STANDPOINT OF EXPERIENCE.—Truth and Goodness characterize reality as related to intellect and to will. Intimately connected with these...
9. CHAPTER VIII. THE CATEGORIES OF BEING. SUBSTANCE AND ACCIDENT.59. THE CONCEPTION OF ULTIMATE CATEGORIES.—Having examined so far the notion of real being itself, which is the proper subject-matter of ontology, and those widest or transcende...
10. CHAPTER IX. NATURE AND PERSON.70. SOME DIVISIONS OF SUBSTANCES.—In the preceding chapter we discussed the nature of substance and accident in general, and the relation between a substance and its accidents....
11. CHAPTER X. SOME ACCIDENT-MODES OF BEING: QUALITY.76. ONTOLOGY AND THE ACCIDENT-MODES OF BEING.—Under the ultimate category or _genus supremum_ of Substance experience reveals to us two broadly distinct sub-classes: corporeal s...
12. CHAPTER XI. QUANTITY, SPACE AND TIME.82. ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF QUANTITY.—A detailed study of Quantity, including Space and Time, and the Aristotelian categories _Ubi_, _Quando_ and _Situs_, belongs to Cosmolog...
13. CHAPTER XII. RELATION; THE RELATIVE AND THE ABSOLUTE.87. IMPORTANCE OF THE PRESENT CATEGORY.—An analysis of the concept of _Relation_ will be found to have a very direct bearing both on the Theory of Being and on the Theory of Kno...
14. CHAPTER XIII. CAUSALITY; CLASSIFICATION OF CAUSES.94. TRADITIONAL CONCEPT OF CAUSE.—The modes of real being which we have been so far examining—substance, quality, quantity, relation—are modes of reality considered as _static_....
15. CHAPTER XIV. EFFICIENT CAUSALITY; PHENOMENISM AND OCCASIONALISM.100. OBJECTIVE VALIDITY OF THE TRADITIONAL CONCEPT OF EFFICIENT CAUSALITY.—We have seen how modern sensists, phenomenists, and positivists have doubted or denied the power of th...
16. CHAPTER XV. FINAL CAUSES; UNIVERSAL ORDER.106. TWO CONCEPTIONS OF EXPERIENCE, THE MECHANICAL AND THE TELEOLOGICAL.—We have seen that all change in the universe demands for its explanation certain real principles, _viz._...