Montreal, 1535-1914. Vol. 1. Under the French Régime, 1535-1760

THE ARRIVAL OF JACQUES CARTIER AT HOCHELAGA ON HIS SECOND VOYAGE TO CANADA--HIS ROYAL COMMISSION--THE FRUITLESS DEVICE OF DONNACONA TO FRIGHTEN CARTIER FROM VISITING HOCHELAGA--...

FRENCH COLONIZATION, A CHRISTIANIZING MOVEMENT--THE CROSS AND CROWN--ROBERVAL'S COMMISSION TO COLONIZE CANADA AND HOCHELAGA--FEUDALISM PROJECTED--CRIMINALS AND MALEFACTORS TO BE...

THE HISTORY OF HOCHELAGA AFTER CARTIER'S VISIT--CHAMPLAIN, THE FIRST CARTOGRAPHER OF THE ISLAND OF MONTREAL--ITS DESCRIPTION IN 1603--CHAMPLAIN EXPLORES THE NEIGHBORHOOD--PLACE...

THE CHARTER OF THE HUNDRED ASSOCIATES THE BASIS OF THE SEIGNEURIAL SYSTEM TO BE AFTERWARDS ESTABLISHED AT MONTREAL--THE ENGLISH IN 1629 CAPTURE QUEBEC--1632, CANADA AGAIN CEDED...

PREVIOUS COLONIZATION REVIEWED--MONTREAL CEDED TO SIEUR DE CHAUSSEE IN 1636 AND LATER TO DE LAUSON--THE DESIGN OF THE SETTLEMENT OF MONTREAL ENTERS THE MIND OF M. DE LA DAUVERSI...

THE DEPARTURE OF THE EXPEDITION FROM MONTREAL--THE ARRIVAL AT PLACE ROYALE--THE "VENI CREATOR SPIRITUS" AND MASS ON THE "COMMON"--VIMONT'S PROPHECY--ACTIVITIES OF ENCAMPMENT--TH...

THE COMPANY OF MONTREAL CONFIRMED BY LOUIS XIV--MAISONNEUVE REAPPOINTED GOVERNOR--A SYNDIC ELECTED; THE FIRST STEP IN REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT--THE BUILDING OF THE HOTEL-DIEU--...

MAISONNEUVE'S SUCCESS IN PARIS--MADAME DE BULLION'S DONATIONS--"PARMENDA"--THE EXPLOIT OF LAMBERT CLOSSE--THE PHANTOM SHIP--MONTREAL REPORTED AT QUEBEC TO BE BLOTTED OUT--PROPOS...

MAISONNEUVE RETURNS WITH A RELIEF FORCE--THE MONTREAL CONTINGENT THE SAVIOURS OF CANADA--THE ORIGIN AND TRADES OF THE NEW COLONISTS--MARGUERITE BOURGEOYS, THE FIRST SCHOOLMISTRE...

RENEWAL OF HOSTILITIES IN THE SPRING--PEACE--WAMPUM NECKLACES AND BELTS--MONTREAL HEADQUARTERS OF PEACE PARLEYS--AUTUMN ATTACKS--"LA BARRIQUE"--MONTREAL LEFT SEVERELY ALONE--CHI...

MAISONNEUVE GOES TO FRANCE--ARRANGES FOR HOSPITALIERES AND SULPICIANS--BISHOPRIC FOR NEW FRANCE--THE NOMINATIONS OF DE QUEYLUS AND LAVAL--THE APPOINTMENT DELAYED--THE DEATH OF M...

RETROSPECT OF MAISONNEUVE'S JUDICIAL SENTENCES--FIRST DEATH SENTENCE--INJURIOUS LANGUAGE--CALUMNY--BANISHMENT--GAMES OF CHANCE, DRUNKENNESS AND BLASPHEMY, ETC., FORBIDDEN--THE G...

UNIVERSAL FEAR OF IROQUOIS IN THE COLONY--THE GARRISON OFFICERS AT MONTREAL--ADAM DOLLARD, SIEUR DES ORMEAUX--THE PERMISSION FROM THE GOVERNOR TO LEAD AN ATTACK UP COUNTRY--HIS...

MONTREAL THE THEATRE OF IROQUOIS CARNAGE--THE FIRST SULPICIAN SLAUGHTERED, M. LE MAITRE--THE SECOND, M. VIGNAL--THE FIRST VISIT OF LAVAL TO MONTREAL--THE ABBE DE QUEYLUS AGAIN A...

MILITIA SQUADS ESTABLISHED--THE FORMATION OF THE CONFRATERNITY OF THE HOLY FAMILY--THE EARTHQUAKE AT MONTREAL--POLITICAL CHANGES--THE RESIGNATION OF THE COMPANY OF ONE HUNDRED A...

THE GOVERNOR GENERAL DE COURCELLES AND THE INTENDANT TALON ARRIVE--THE DUAL REIGN INHARMONIOUS--SIEUR DE TRACY, LIEUTENANT GENERAL OF THE KING FOR NORTH AMERICA, ARRIVES--THE CA...

PRIMITIVE EXPEDITIONS UNDER DE COURCELLES, SOREL AND DE TRACY--THE ROYAL TROOPS AND THE MONTREAL "BLUE COATS"--DOLLIER DE CASSON, THE SOLDIER CHAPLAIN--THE VICTORY OVER THE IROQ...

SUBURBAN GROWTH--THE EARLIEST OUTLYING FIEFS--PRAEDIA MILITARIA--MILITARY SEIGNEURIES OF THE MONTREAL DISTRICT--THE FEUDAL SYSTEM--THE "NOBLESSE"--THE "PARISHES"--"CENS ET RENTE...

A FEUDAL VILLAGE AND ITS YOUNG SEIGNEUR--LA SALLE'S JESUIT TRAINING--AN EX-JESUIT--THE SEIGNEURY OF ST. SULPICE--SOLD--THE FEVER FOR EXPLORATION--LA SALLE, DOLLIER DE CASSON AND...

SIEUR DE LA FREDIERE--LIQUOR TRAFFIC WITH THE INDIANS--SOLDIERS MURDER INDIANS--THE CARION-DE LORMEAU DUEL--THE FIRST BALL IN CANADA--LARCENIES, ETC.--A CORNER IN WHEAT--THE "VO...

THE FIRST STREET SURVEY--"LOW" TOWN AND "UPPER" TOWN--THE ORIGIN OF THE NAMES OF THE STREETS--COMPLAINTS AGAINST CITIZENS STILL CULTIVATING THE STREETS--ORDERS TO BEGIN BUILDING...

I. THE TWO GOVERNORS--PERROT--ILE PERROT--REMONSTRANCES OF CITIZENS--FRONTENAC--A "VICE-ROI"--GENEROUS ATTEMPT TO GRANT REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT RESTRAINED--FORT FRONTENAC (OR...

WEST INDIA COMPANY SUPPRESSED--MONTREAL HEAD OF FUR INDUSTRY--EXPEDITIONS--MARQUETTE--JOLIET--THE ANNUAL FAIRS--LAVAL RETURNS--THE "CONGREGATION" CONFIRMED--THE INDIAN MISSIONS-...

GOVERNOR DE LA BARRE OPPOSES LA SALLE--THE POW-WOW IN THE NEW PARISH CHURCH--WAR PREPARATIONS AT MONTREAL--THE DISEASE-STRICKEN EXPEDITIONS RETURN--LAVAL LEAVES FOR FRANCE--THE...

ST. HELEN'S ISLAND A MILITARY STATION--FORT FRONTENAC--DENONVILLE'S TREACHERY--THE FEAST--INDIANS FOR THE GALLEYS OF FRANCE--THE WAR MARCH AGAINST THE SENECAS--THE RETURN--MONTR...

FRONTENAC RETURNS--REVIEW AT MONTREAL--INDIANS FROM THE GALLEYS SENT WITH PEACE OVERTURES--NEW ENGLAND TO BE ATTACKED--THE MONTREAL LEADERS--THREE SUCCESSFUL EXPEDITIONS--RETALI...

THE PICKET ENCLOSURE--FORTIFICATIONS STRENGTHENED--GARRISON JEALOUSIES--PRESEANCE--THE "CONGREGATION" BURNT DOWN--A POOR LAW BOARD--TO QUEBEC ON FOOT--THE CHURCH OF THE "CONGREG...

"THE FRENCH HAVE ALWAYS COMMENCED HOSTILITIES IN CANADA"--SAMUEL VECHT IN MONTREAL--MONTREAL TO BE INVADED BY WOOD CREEK--NICHOLSON'S ARMY ROUTED BY DYSENTERY--THE "BOSTONNAIS"...

THE LONG PEACE--THE TWO GOVERNORS--TAVERN LICENSES--PERMIT TO MARRY--CULTIVATION OF HEMP--FIRST ATTEMPT OF THE LACHINE CANAL BY THE SEIGNEURS--GEDEON DE CATALOGNE--CHAUSSEGROS D...

THE FIRE OF 1721--BUILDING REGULATIONS--STONE ENCOURAGED--TOWN EMBELLISHMENT--CITY PLANNING--THE FORTIFICATIONS--PEW RENTING--CHATEAU DE VAUDREUIL--TRADE WITH NEW ENGLAND FORBID...

PETER KALM--THE FIRST SWEDES IN MONTREAL--THE FRENCH WOMEN CONTRASTED WITH THOSE OF THE AMERICAN COLONIES--DOMESTIC ECONOMY--THE MEN EXTREMELY CIVIL--MECHANICAL TRADES BACKWARD-...

FRENCH PRONUNCIATION--SCHOOL FOR GIRLS--THE CONGREGATION--BOARDING SCHOOLS--SCHOOLS OF DOMESTIC ECONOMY--NORMAL SCHOOLS--SCHOOLS FOR BOYS--ABBE SOUART FIRST SCHOOLMASTER--THE FI...

MADAME D'YOUVILLE--TIMOTHEE DE SILVAIN--CONFRATERNITY OF THE HOLY FAMILY--"SOEURS GRISES"--PERSEVERANCE THROUGH OPPOSITION--FIRE OF 1745--PROVISIONAL CONTROL OF HOSPITAL--ATTEMP...

REVIEW--CELERON DE BIENVILLE--DE VAUDREUIL--MONTCALM--HIS MILITARY AND HOUSEHOLD STAFF--DE LEVIS, BOURLAMAQUE, BOUGAINVILLE--CHATEAU DE VAUDREUIL--THE MEETING OF MONTCALM AND DE...

SHIPS ARRIVE--NEWS OF GREAT INTERNATIONAL WAR--RED ALLIES IN MONTREAL--STRONG LIQUOR--PREPARATIONS FOR WAR--FORT WILLIAM HENRY FALLS--ARRIVAL OF SAVAGES AND TWO HUNDRED ENGLISH...

THE SPRING ICE SHOVE--NEWS FROM FRANCE--MILITARY HONOURS SENT BUT POOR REINFORCEMENTS--PROJECTED FRENCH INVASION OF ENGLAND--GLOOM IN CANADA--THE MONTREAL MILITIA AT THE SIEGE O...

THE LAST STAND AT MONTREAL--THE APPROACH OF THE BRITISH ARMIES--SURRENDER OF ARMS BY FRENCH ON THE ROUTE--PAPER MONEY VALUELESS--MURRAY'S ADVANCE FROM QUEBEC--HAVILAND'S PROGRES...

THE ARRIVAL OF JACQUES CARTIER AT HOCHELAGA ON HIS SECOND VOYAGE TO CANADA--HIS ROYAL COMMISSION--THE FRUITLESS DEVICE OF DONNACONA TO FRIGHTEN CARTIER FROM VISITING HOCHELAGA--...

FRENCH COLONIZATION, A CHRISTIANIZING MOVEMENT--THE CROSS AND THE CROWN--ROBERVAL'S COMMISSION TO COLONIZE CANADA AND HOCHELAGA--FEUDALISM PROJECTED--CRIMINALS AND MALEFACTORS T...

THE HISTORY OF HOCHELAGA AFTER CARTIER'S VISIT--CHAMPLAIN, THE FIRST CARTOGRAPHER OF THE ISLAND OF MONTREAL--ITS DESCRIPTION IN 1603--CHAMPLAIN EXPLORES THE NEIGHBORHOOD--PLACE...

THE CHARTER OF THE HUNDRED ASSOCIATES THE BASIS OF THE SEIGNEURIAL SYSTEM TO BE AFTERWARDS ESTABLISHED AT MONTREAL--THE ENGLISH IN 1629 CAPTURE QUEBEC--1632, CANADA AGAIN CEDED...

PREVIOUS COLONIZATION REVIEWED--MONTREAL CEDED TO SIEUR DE CHAUSSEE IN 1636 AND LATER TO DE LAUSON--THE DESIGN OF THE SETTLEMENT OF MONTREAL ENTERS THE MIND OF M. DE LA DAUVERSI...

THE DEPARTURE OF THE EXPEDITION FROM MONTREAL--THE ARRIVAL AT PLACE ROYALE--THE "VENI CREATOR SPIRITUS" AND MASS ON THE "COMMON"--VIMONT'S PROPHECY--ACTIVITIES OF ENCAMPMENT--TH...

THE COMPANY OF MONTREAL CONFIRMED BY LOUIS XIV--MAISONNEUVE REAPPOINTED GOVERNOR--A SYNDIC ELECTED; THE FIRST STEP IN REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT--THE BUILDING OF THE HOTEL-DIEU--...

MAISONNEUVE'S SUCCESS IN PARIS--MADAME DE BULLION'S DONATIONS--"PARMENDA"--THE EXPLOIT OF LAMBERT CLOSSE--THE PHANTOM SHIP--MONTREAL REPORTED AT QUEBEC TO BE BLOTTED OUT--PROPOS...

MAISONNEUVE RETURNS WITH A RELIEF FORCE--THE MONTREAL CONTINGENT THE SAVIOURS OF CANADA--THE ORIGIN AND TRADES OF THE NEW COLONISTS--MARGUERITE BOURGEOYS, THE FIRST SCHOOLMISTRE...

RENEWAL OF HOSTILITIES IN THE SPRING--PEACE--WAMPUM NECKLACES AND BELTS--MONTREAL HEADQUARTERS OF PEACE PARLEYS--AUTUMN ATTACKS--"LA BARRIQUE"--MONTREAL LEFT SEVERELY ALONE--CHI...

MAISONNEUVE GOES TO FRANCE--ARRANGES FOR HOSPITALIERES AND SULPICIANS--BISHOPRIC FOR NEW FRANCE--THE NOMINATIONS OF DE QUEYLUS AND LAVAL--THE APPOINTMENT DELAYED--THE DEATH OF M...

RETROSPECT OF MAISONNEUVE'S JUDICIAL SENTENCES--FIRST DEATH SENTENCE--INJURIOUS LANGUAGE--CALUMNY--BANISHMENT--GAMES OF CHANCE, DRUNKENNESS AND BLASPHEMY, ETC., FORBIDDEN--THE G...

UNIVERSAL FEAR OF IROQUOIS IN THE COLONY--THE GARRISON OFFICERS AT MONTREAL--ADAM DOLLARD, SIEUR DES ORMEAUX--THE PERMISSION FROM THE GOVERNOR TO LEAD AN ATTACK UP COUNTRY--HIS...

MONTREAL THE THEATRE OF IROQUOIS CARNAGE--THE FIRST SULPICIAN SLAUGHTERED, M. LE MAITRE--THE SECOND, M. VIGNAL--THE FIRST VISIT OF LAVAL TO MONTREAL--THE ABBE DE QUEYLUS AGAIN A...

MILITIA SQUADS ESTABLISHED--THE FORMATION OF THE CONFRATERNITY OF THE HOLY FAMILY--THE EARTHQUAKE AT MONTREAL--POLITICAL CHANGES--THE RESIGNATION OF THE COMPANY OF ONE HUNDRED A...

THE GOVERNOR GENERAL DE COURCELLES AND THE INTENDANT TALON ARRIVE--THE DUAL REIGN INHARMONIOUS--SIEUR DE TRACY, LIEUTENANT GENERAL OF THE KING FOR NORTH AMERICA, ARRIVES--THE CA...

PRIMITIVE EXPEDITIONS UNDER DE COURCELLES, SOREL AND DE TRACY--THE ROYAL TROOPS AND THE MONTREAL "BLUE COATS"--DOLLIER DE CASSON, THE SOLDIER CHAPLAIN--THE VICTORY OVER THE IROQ...

SUBURBAN GROWTH--THE EARLIEST OUTLYING FIEFS--PRAEDIA MILITARIA--MILITARY SEIGNEURIES OF THE MONTREAL DISTRICT--THE FEUDAL SYSTEM--THE "NOBLESSE"--THE "PARISHES"--"CENS ET RENTE...

Farming is the backbone of a nation's prosperity. Hence Louis XIV, through Colbert and Talon, made this as we have seen their first solicitude. Commerce comes next, and in May,...

One of the outstanding failures in New France so far had been that of inadequate attempts to increase the number of colonists. This the king was now anxious to remedy. To this e...

A FEUDAL VILLAGE AND ITS YOUNG SEIGNEUR--LA SALLE'S JESUIT TRAINING--AN EX-JESUIT--THE SEIGNEURY OF ST. SULPICE--SOLD--THE FEVER FOR EXPLORATION--LA SALLE, DOLLIER DE CASSON AND...

Another effort of Louis XIV, through his minister Colbert, was the furtherance of education in the colony. It was naturally of a very rudimentary character in these early days o...

SIEUR DE LA FREDIERE--LIQUOR TRAFFIC WITH THE INDIANS--SOLDIERS MURDER INDIANS--THE CARION-DE LORMEAU DUEL--THE FIRST BALL IN CANADA--LARCENIES, ETC.--A CORNER IN WHEAT--THE "VO...

In the autumn of 1671 the Abbé Queylus left Montreal with M. d'Allet and M. de Galinée, the cartographer. It was his hope to further the interests of his beloved Ville Marie, bu...

THE FIRST STREET SURVEY--"LOW" TOWN AND "UPPER" TOWN--THE ORIGIN OF THE NAMES OF THE STREETS--COMPLAINTS AGAINST CITIZENS STILL CULTIVATING THE STREETS--ORDERS TO BEGIN BUILDING...

I. THE TWO GOVERNORS--PERROT--ILE PERROT--REMONSTRANCES OF CITIZENS--FRONTENAC--A "VICE-ROI"--GENEROUS ATTEMPT TO GRANT REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT RESTRAINED--FORT FRONTENAC (OR...

WEST INDIA COMPANY SUPPRESSED--MONTREAL HEAD OF FUR INDUSTRY--EXPEDITIONS--MARQUETTE--JOLIET--THE ANNUAL FAIRS--LAVAL RETURNS--THE "CONGREGATION" CONFIRMED--THE INDIAN MISSIONS-...

GOVERNOR DE LA BARRE OPPOSES LA SALLE--THE POW-WOW IN THE NEW PARISH CHURCH--WAR PREPARATIONS AT MONTREAL--THE DISEASE-STRICKEN EXPEDITIONS RETURN--LAVAL LEAVES FOR FRANCE--THE...

ST. HELEN'S ISLAND A MILITARY STATION--FORT FRONTENAC--DENONVILLE'S TREACHERY--THE FEAST--INDIANS FOR THE GALLEYS OF FRANCE--THE WAR MARCH AGAINST THE SENECAS--THE RETURN--MONTR...

FRONTENAC RETURNS--REVIEW AT MONTREAL--INDIANS FROM THE GALLEYS SENT WITH PEACE OVERTURES--NEW ENGLAND TO BE ATTACKED--THE MONTREAL LEADERS--THREE SUCCESSFUL EXPEDITIONS--RETALI...

THE PICKET ENCLOSURE--FORTIFICATIONS STRENGTHENED--GARRISON JEALOUSIES--PRESEANCE--THE "CONGREGATION" BURNT DOWN--A POOR LAW BOARD--TO QUEBEC ON FOOT--THE CHURCH OF THE "CONGREG...

By a writ of June 4, 1689, Louis Hector de Callières, the governor of Montreal (1685-1698), had already received the appointment of commander general of New France during the pr...

"THE FRENCH HAVE ALWAYS COMMENCED HOSTILITIES IN CANADA"--SAMUEL VECHT IN MONTREAL--MONTREAL TO BE INVADED BY WOOD CREEK--NICHOLSON'S ARMY ROUTED BY DYSENTERY--THE "BOSTONNAIS"...

THE LONG PEACE--THE TWO GOVERNORS--TAVERN LICENSES--PERMIT TO MARRY--CULTIVATION OF HEMP--FIRST ATTEMPT OF THE LACHINE CANAL BY THE SEIGNEURS--GEDEON DE CATALOGNE--CHAUSSEGROS D...

THE FIRE OF 1721--BUILDING REGULATIONS--STONE ENCOURAGED--TOWN EMBELLISHMENT--CITY PLANNING--THE FORTIFICATIONS--PEW RENTING--CHATEAU DE VAUDREUIL--TRADE WITH NEW ENGLAND FORBID...

PETER KALM--THE FIRST SWEDES IN MONTREAL--THE FRENCH WOMEN CONTRASTED WITH THOSE OF THE AMERICAN COLONIES--DOMESTIC ECONOMY--THE MEN EXTREMELY CIVIL--MECHANICAL TRADES BACKWARD-...

FRENCH PRONUNCIATION--SCHOOL FOR GIRLS--THE CONGREGATION--BOARDING SCHOOLS--SCHOOLS OF DOMESTIC ECONOMY--NORMAL SCHOOLS--SCHOOLS FOR BOYS--ABBE SOUART FIRST SCHOOLMASTER--THE FI...

MADAME D'YOUVILLE--TIMOTHEE DE SILVAIN--CONFRATERNITY OF THE HOLY FAMILY--"SOEURS GRISES"--PERSEVERANCE THROUGH OPPOSITION--FIRE OF 1745--PROVISIONAL CONTROL OF HOSPITAL--ATTEMP...

REVIEW--CELERON DE BIENVILLE--DE VAUDREUIL--MONTCALM--HIS MILITARY AND HOUSEHOLD STAFF--DE LEVIS, BOURLAMAQUE, BOUGAINVILLE--CHATEAU DE VAUDREUIL--THE MEETING OF MONTCALM AND DE...

SHIPS ARRIVE--NEWS OF GREAT INTERNATIONAL WAR--RED ALLIES IN MONTREAL--STRONG LIQUOR--PREPARATIONS FOR WAR--FORT WILLIAM HENRY FALLS--ARRIVAL OF SAVAGES AND TWO HUNDRED ENGLISH...

In the last week of February, 1758, Montcalm returned to Montreal. Writing on February 22d, he adds: "I have just arrived at Montreal, having made sixty leagues on the ice, a de...

THE SPRING ICE SHOVE--NEWS FROM FRANCE--MILITARY HONOURS SENT BUT POOR REINFORCEMENTS--PROJECTED FRENCH INVASION OF ENGLAND--GLOOM IN CANADA--THE MONTREAL MILITIA AT THE SIEGE O...

THE LAST STAND AT MONTREAL--THE APPROACH OF THE BRITISH ARMIES--SURRENDER OF ARMS BY FRENCH ON THE ROUTE--PAPER MONEY VALUELESS--MURRAY'S ADVANCE FROM QUEBEC--HAVILAND'S PROGRES...

Fedérales;" Gagnon, "Essai de Bibliographie;" in addition he has noted the collections in the City Hall, the Château de Ramezay, the Court House, of Montreal, and finally those...