CHAPTER XXVIII.

=ERECTING.=

=Spirit-level= 136 =Plumb-level= 136 =Joints= 136 to 141 Filing or making joints 137 Ground joints 137 Scraped joints 137 Cylinder covered joints 137 Making a scraped joint with the studs in their places 138 Joints for rough surfaces 138 Gauze wire joints 138 Water joints 138 Joints to withstand great heat 138 Rubber joints 139 Boiler fitting joints 139 Easily removable joints 140 Rust or caulked joints; caulking tools 141 Thimble joints 141 Expansion joint 141 =Pipes, Cocks and Plugs= 141 to 145 Pipe cutters 141 Pipe vises 141 Pipe tongs 143 Erecting pipe work 144 Refitting leaky cocks and plugs 144 Grinding cocks and-plugs 145 =Boxes and Brasses= 145 to 149 Fitting brasses to their journals 145 Various forms of bearings and brasses or boxes 147 Locomotive axle boxes 148 Lead lined brasses 148 Open brasses 149 =Lubrication= 149 to 154 Examples of oil cavities and oil grooves for brasses 150 Qualities of lubricants 151 Testing lubricants 151 Best method of using thin oils 152 The influence of the atmosphere on oils 153 Longevity of lubricants 153 Testing oils for salts and acids 153 Swiss watchmakers' oil tests 153 The blotting paper oil test 154 =Friction and Wear= 154 Morin's experiments on 154 Order of the value of metals to resist wear 154 White metal or babbitt metal lined boxes 155 Methods of babbitting boxes 156 The pressure on journals 156 =Cranks= 156 Placing at right angles 156, 157 =Engine Cylinders= 158 to 161 Fitting 158 Setting 159 Reboring cylinders in their places 160 Scraping out cylinder ends 161