Category: Teaching & Education

Mind and Hand: Manual Training the Chief Factor in Education

Its Situation. -- Its Tall Chimney. -- The Whir of Machinery and Sound of the Sledge-hammer. -- The School that is to dignify Labor. -- The Realization of the Dream of Bacon, Rousseau, Comenius, Pestalozzi, and Froebel. -- The School that fitly represents the Age of Steel. Page 1

Chapters

1. CHAPTER I.

Its Situation. -- Its Tall Chimney. -- The Whir of Machinery and Sound of the Sledge-hammer. -- The School that is to dignify Labor. -- The Realization of the Dream of Bacon, Ro...

2. CHAPTER II.

Tools the highest Text-books. -- How to Use them the Test of Scholarship. -- They are the Gauge of Civilization. -- Carlyle’s Apostrophe to them. -- The Typical Hand-tools. -- T...

3. CHAPTER III.

The Corliss Engine. -- A Thing of Grace and Power. -- The Growth of Two Thousand Years. -- From Hero to Watt. -- Its Duty as a School-master. -- The Interdependence of the Ages....

4. CHAPTER IV.

Twenty-four Boys bending over the Drawing-board. -- Analysis and Synthesis in Drawing. -- Geometric Drawing. -- Pictorial Drawing. -- The Principles of Design. -- The Æsthetic i...

5. CHAPTER V.

The Natural History of the Pine-tree. -- How it is Converted into Lumber, what it is Worth, and how it is Consumed. -- Where the Students get Information. -- Working Drawings of...

6. CHAPTER VI.

A Radical Change. -- From the Square to the Circle; from Angles to Spherical, Cylindrical, and Eccentric Forms. -- The Rhythm of Mechanics. -- The Potter’s Wheel of the Ancients...

7. CHAPTER VII.

The Iron Age. -- Iron the King of Metals. -- Locke’s Apothegm. -- The Moulder’s Art is Fundamental. -- History of Founding. -- Remains of Bronze Castings in Egypt, Greece, and A...

8. CHAPTER VIII.

Twenty-four manly-looking Boys with Sledge-hammer in Hand -- their Muscle and Brawn. -- The Pride of Conscious Strength. -- The Story of the Origin of an Empire. -- The Greater...

9. CHAPTER IX.

The Foundery and Smithy are Ancient, the Machine-tool Shop is Modern. -- The Giant, Steam, reduced to Servitude. -- The Iron Lines of Progress. -- They converge in the Shop; its...

10. CHAPTER X.

The new Education is all-sided -- its Effect. -- A Harmonious Development of the Whole Being. -- Examination for Admission to the Chicago School. -- List of Questions in Arithme...

11. CHAPTER XI.

Intelligence is the Basis of Character. -- The more Practical the Intelligence the Higher the Development of Character. -- The use of Tools quickens the Intellect. -- Making Thi...

12. CHAPTER XII.

The Difference between Ancient and Modern Systems of Education. -- Plato Blinded by Half-truths. -- No place in the present order of things for Dogmatisms. -- Education begins a...

13. CHAPTER XIII.

Mental Impulses are often Vicious; but the Exertion of Physical Power in the Arts is always Beneficent -- hence Manual Training tends to correct vicious mental Impulses. -- Ever...

14. CHAPTER XIV.

The Mind and the Hand are Allies; the Mind speculates, the Hand tests its Speculations in Things. -- The Hand explodes the Errors of the Mind -- it searches after Truth and find...

15. CHAPTER XV.

The Legend of Adam and the Stick with which he subdued the Animals. -- The Stick is the Symbol of Power, and only the Hand can wield it. -- The Hand imprisons Steam and Electric...

16. CHAPTER XVI.

A Trade is better than a Profession. -- The Railway, Telegraph, and Steamship are more Potent than the Lawyer, Doctor, and Priest. -- Book-makers writing the Lives of the Invent...

17. CHAPTER XVII.

A few Million People now wield twice as much Industrial Power as all the People on the Globe exerted a Hundred Years ago. -- A Revolution wrought, not by the Schools and College...

18. CHAPTER XVIII.

The Past tyrannizes over the Present by Interposing the Stolid Resistance of Habit. -- Habits of Thought like Habits of the Body become Automatic. -- There is much Freedom of Sp...

19. CHAPTER XIX.

The Failure of Education in America shown by Statistics of Railway and Mercantile Disasters. -- Shrinkage of Railway Values and Failures of Merchants. -- Only Three per Cent. of...

20. CHAPTER XX.

The Training of the Merchant, the Lawyer, the Judge, and the Legislator contrasted with that of the Artisan. -- The Training of the Merchant makes him Selfish, and Selfishness b...

21. CHAPTER XXI.

Fundamental Propositions. -- Selfishness the Source of Social Evil; Subjective Education the Source of Selfishness and the Cause of Contempt of Labor; and Social Disintegration...

22. CHAPTER XXII.

Vigor of the Early Romans -- their Virtues and Vices; their Rigorous Laws; their Defective Education; their Contempt of Labor. -- Slavery: its Horrors and Brutalizing Influence....

23. CHAPTER XXIII.

The Trinity upon which Civilization Rests: Justice, the Arts, and Labor; and these Depend upon Scientific Education. -- Reason of the Failure of Theodoric and Charlemagne to Rec...

24. CHAPTER XXIV.

The Standing Army a Legacy of Evil from the Middle Ages. -- It is the Controlling Feature of the European Situation. -- Its Collateral Evils: Wars and Debts. -- The Debts of Eur...

25. CHAPTER XXV.

An Old Civilization in a New Country. -- Old Methods in a New System of Schools. -- Sordid Views of Education. -- The highest Aim Money-getting. -- Herbert Spencer on the Englis...

26. CHAPTER XXVI.

The Kindergarten and the Manual-training School one in Principle. -- Russia solved the Problem of Tool Instruction by Laboratory Processes. -- The Initiatory Step by M. Victor D...

27. CHAPTER XXVII.

Educational Revolution in 1883-4. -- Urgent Demand for Reform. -- Existing Schools denounced as Superficial, their Methods as Automatic, their System as a Mixture of Cram and Sm...

28. CHAPTER I.

Its Situation. -- Its Tall Chimney. -- The Whir of Machinery and Sound of the Sledge-hammer. -- The School that is to dignify Labor. -- The Realization of the Dream of Bacon, Ro...

29. CHAPTER II.

Tools the Highest Text-books. -- How to Use them the Test of Scholarship. -- They are the Gauge of Civilization. -- Carlyle’s Apostrophe to them. -- The Typical Hand-tools. -- T...

30. CHAPTER III.

The Corliss Engine. -- A Thing of Grace and Power. -- The Growth of Two Thousand Years. -- From Hero to Watt. -- Its Duty as a School-master. -- The Interdependence of the Ages....

31. CHAPTER IV.

Twenty-four Boys bending over the Drawing-board. -- Analysis and Synthesis in Drawing. -- Geometric Drawing. -- Pictorial Drawing. -- The Principles of Design. -- The Æsthetic i...

32. CHAPTER V.

The Natural History of the Pine-tree. -- How it is Converted into Lumber, what it is Worth, and how it is Consumed. -- Where the Students get Information. -- Working Drawings of...

33. CHAPTER VI.

A Radical Change. -- From the Square to the Circle; from Angles to Spherical, Cylindrical, and Eccentric Forms. -- The Rhythm of Mechanics. -- The Potter’s Wheel of the Ancients...

34. CHAPTER VII.

The Iron Age. -- Iron the King of Metals. -- Locke’s Apothegm. -- The Moulder’s Art is Fundamental. -- History of Founding. -- Remains of Bronze Castings in Egypt, Greece, and A...

35. CHAPTER VIII.

Twenty-four manly-looking Boys with Sledge-hammer in Hand -- their Muscle and Brawn. -- The Pride of Conscious Strength. -- The Story of the Origin of an Empire. -- The Greater...

36. CHAPTER IX.

The Foundery and Smithy are Ancient, the Machine-tool Shop is Modern. -- The Giant, Steam, reduced to Servitude. -- The Iron Lines of Progress. -- They converge in the Shop; its...

37. CHAPTER X.

The new Education is all-sided -- its Effect. -- A Harmonious Development of the Whole Being. -- Examination for Admission to the Chicago School. -- List of Questions in Arithme...

38. CHAPTER XI.

Intelligence is the Basis of Character. -- The more Practical the Intelligence the Higher the Development of Character. -- The use of Tools quickens the Intellect. -- Making Thi...

39. CHAPTER XII.

The Difference between Ancient and Modern Systems of Education. -- Plato Blinded by Half-truths. -- No place in the present order of things for Dogmatisms. -- Education commence...

40. CHAPTER XIII.

Mental Impulses are often Vicious; but the Exertion of Physical Power in the Arts is always Beneficent -- hence Manual Training tends to correct vicious mental Impulses. -- Ever...

41. CHAPTER XIV.

The Mind and the Hand are Allies; the Mind speculates, the Hand tests its Speculations in Things. -- The Hand explodes the Errors of the Mind -- it searches after Truth and find...

42. CHAPTER XV.

The Legend of Adam and the Stick with which he subdued the Animals. -- The Stick is the Symbol of Power, and only the Hand can wield it. -- The Hand imprisons Steam and Electric...

43. CHAPTER XVI.

A Trade is better than a Profession. -- The Railway, Telegraph, and Steamship are more Potent than the Lawyer, Doctor, and Priest. -- Book-makers writing the Lives of the Invent...

44. CHAPTER XVII.

A few Million People now wield twice as much Industrial Power as all the People on the Globe exerted a Hundred Years ago. -- A Revolution wrought, not by the Schools and College...

45. CHAPTER XVIII.

The Past tyrannizes over the Present by Interposing the Stolid Resistance of Habit. -- Habits of Thought like Habits of the Body become Automatic. -- There is much Freedom of Sp...

46. CHAPTER XIX.

The Failure of Education in America shown by Statistics of Railway and Mercantile Disasters. -- Shrinkage of Railway Values and Failures of Merchants. -- Only Three Per Cent. of...

47. CHAPTER XX.

The Training of the Merchant, the Lawyer, the Judge, and the Legislator contrasted with that of the Artisan. -- The Training of the Merchant makes him Selfish, and Selfishness b...

48. CHAPTER XXI.

Fundamental Propositions. -- Selfishness the Source of Social Evil; Subjective Education the Source of Selfishness and the Cause of Contempt of Labor; and Social Disintegration...

49. CHAPTER XXII.

Vigor of the Early Romans -- their Virtues and Vices; their Rigorous Laws; their Defective Education; their Contempt of Labor. -- Slavery: its Horrors and Brutalizing Influence....

50. CHAPTER XXIII.

The Trinity upon which Civilization Rests: Justice, the Arts, and Labor; and these Depend upon Scientific Education. -- Reason of the Failure of Theodoric and Charlemagne to Rec...

51. CHAPTER XXIV.

The Standing Army a Legacy of Evil from the Middle Ages. -- It is the Controlling Feature of the European Situation. -- Its Collateral Evils: Wars and Debts. -- The Debts of Eur...

52. CHAPTER XXV.

An Old Civilization in a New Country. -- Old Methods in a New System of Schools. -- Sordid Views of Education. -- The highest Aim Money-getting. -- Herbert Spencer on the Englis...

53. CHAPTER XXVI.

The Kindergarten and the Manual Training School one in Principle. -- Russia solved the Problem of Tool Instruction by Laboratory Processes. -- The Initiatory Step by M. Victor D...

54. CHAPTER XXVII.

Educational Revolution in 1883-4. -- Urgent Demand for Reform -- Existing Schools Denounced as Superficial, their Methods as Automatic, their System as a Mixture of Cram and Sma...