Mechanical Devices in the Home
CHAPTER XLIV
HYDROMETERS AND BAROMETERS
=303. Hydrometer=. A hydrometer is used in gaging the density of liquid. This instrument consists of a closed glass tube which is enlarged at the lower end and filled with some heavy material like mercury or shot, to keep it in an upright position when in liquids.
The tube or stem contains a paper on which divisions called degrees are marked. The _0_ mark is usually the point reached by the surface of distilled water when the hydrometer is placed in this liquid. The less the density of the liquid, the lower the hydrometer sinks, for it displaces an amount of liquid equal to its own weight. The density of the liquid then can be determined by observing the mark to which it sinks. Specific-gravity hydrometers used in the household show the ratio of the weight of a given volume of liquid to the weight of the same volume of water at a definite temperature. Arbitrary scale hydrometers are used to indicate the concentration or strength of syrup, brines or milk. These are defined as lactometers and Baume hydrometers. A brine hydrometer is called a saltometer, and a syrup gage a sacchrometer. A jellometer, especially for making jelly, is sometimes used instead of a sacchrometer. The scale on this tells how much sugar to use in proportion to the amount of solids in the fruit juice without having to refer to a table. Some hydrometers are constant-volume hydrometers, and on these weights are placed always, to sink the hydrometer to the same depth in the liquid.
TABLES FOR BRIX AND BALLING HYDROMETERS WHEN USED AT 20° C.*
==================+========================================= | SUGAR TO A QUART OF FRUIT JUICE TO MAKE READING ON THE | JELLY HYDROMETER +---------------------+------------------- Degrees | Pounds | Ounces ------------------+---------------------+------------------- 5. | | 8. 5.5 | | 9. 6.0 | | 9.6 6.5 | | 10.7 7.0 | | 11.6 7.5 | | 12.4 8.0 | | 13.2 8.5 | | 14.1 9.0 | | 15.0 9.5 | | 15.8 10.0 | 1. | 7.0 ------------------+---------------------+-------------------
*When the reading for the fruit juice is determined the table shows how much sugar is used for juice of that specific gravity.
TABLE SHOWING AMOUNT OF SUGAR PER GALLON
==================+=====================+=================== READING ON THE | SUGAR TO A GALLON OF WATER HYDROMETER +---------------------+------------------- Degrees | Pounds | Ounces ------------------+---------------------+------------------- 0. | | 0.0 5. | | 7.0 10. | | 14.8 15. | 1. | 7.5 20. | 1. | 14.75 25. | 2. | 12.5 30. | 3. | 9.0 35. | 4. | 7.75 40. | 5. | 8.75 45. | 6. | 13.00 50. | 8. | 5.25 55. | 10. | 4.00 60. | 12. | 8.0 ------------------+---------------------+-------------------
In the second table the readings show the specific gravity of the syrup, and from that may be ascertained the proportion of sugar to a gallon of water in it.
A 250 cc. cylinder, or other tall vessel deep enough to float the sacchrometer, is suitable for making the measurements. Be sure to have the eye on the level of the liquid when making the readings. If no sugar is in the water, the reading on the hydrometer will be near zero. If there is sugar in the proportion of seven ounces to a gallon of water, the reading will be at the line marked 5.
SYRUPS FOR CANNING
Berries --30 degrees, or 3-1/2 pounds of sugar to 1 gallon of water
Sweet cherries--30 degrees
Sour cherries --40 degrees
Peaches --30 to 40 degrees
Pears --20 to 30 degrees
Plums --40 degrees
=304. Hygroscopes.= Hygroscopes are devices for measuring humidity. Forty-five to sixty per cent humidity is desirable in a house. This means forty-five to sixty per cent as much water as the air is capable of taking up at room temperature. Cold air is usually dryer than warmer air because cold air cannot take up as much humidity as warm air. This is analogous to the fact that warm water will dissolve more of some salts or of sugar than cold water.
=305. Barometers.= Barometers (Fig. 162) are devices which show changes in pressure and currents of air. Changes in the barometer usually indicate changes in the weather, and thus they are of interest to all persons. A decided fall in the mercury of a barometer usually precedes foul weather, while a rise indicates the approach of fair weather. When the pressure is low in any locality, air begins to rush toward that point as it would to fill a vacuum. So a fall in the barometer precedes the coming of a high wind or a rainstorm. A rise in the barometer precedes a calm, and since most rain is accompanied with wind, the calm is a time of fair weather.
INDEX
A
Absorption of heat and light, 84, 85, 108
Acetylene, 30, 49, 81, 91, 92, 145, 221, 222, 223
Acids, 155, 156, 157, 159, 216
Acre, 229
Adjustment of burners, stove, 24, 29, 30, 32, 34, 41, 49, 78, 79, 80
Air, for circulation, 57, 76, 101, 102, 103, 111, 198 dead or stagnant, 63, 102 for combustion, 16, 29, 31, 38, 39, 48, 66, 88, 93, 214 for evaporation, 105, 176, 220, 221 for heating, 19, 55, 60, 61, 62, 63, 73, 75, 79 in radiator, 67, 68, 70 mixer, 23, 24, 25, 33, 77, 96, 144 moisture, 239 for pressure, 97, 112, 113, 114, 175, 176, 184 shaft, 57 whistling, 56
Alcohol, 47, 48, 89, 96, 97, 98, 145, 223
Alkalies, 155, 157
Alternating current, 110
Aluminum, 78, 156, 157, 158, 171, 172
Ammonia, 108, 138
Ampere, 82
Andiron, 74
Anthracite coal, 219
Asbestos, 32, 66, 77, 81
Ash chute, 22
Ashes, 20, 57, 66, 74, 75, 76
Automobile, 192
B
Back-fire, 192, 214
Bacteria, 100, 101, 127
Balances, 225
Balling hydrometer, 238
Barometer, 239, 240
Barrel, 167, 228, 229
Basin, catch, 127
Battery, 192, 193, 194, 215, 216
Baume hydrometer, 237
Bearing, 152
Beater, 165
Bell for storing gases, 222
Bellows, 148, 149
Belts, 136, 137, 141, 186, 215
Bituminous coal, 219
Blau gas, 223
Bobbin, 187, 188, 189
Boiler, 64, 69, 71, 73, 132, 133, 156
Booster, 119
Bracket, curtain, 185
Brine for cooling, 108
British thermal unit, 218, 219
Brix hydrometer, 238
Broiler, 26
Brush, 147, 149, 150, 152
Bunsen burner, 77, 78, 81
Burner, 48, 96, 119, 141, 145, 198 gas, 23, 25, 27, 29, 77, 78, 88, 91, 144 kerosene, 32, 33, 36, 37, 40, 80, 94
Burning back, 27, 89, 90, 91
Burr grinder, 162
Bushel, 228, 229
C
Calcium carbide, 221, 222, 223
Candle power, 84, 89, 91, 95
Canned heat, 48
Canner, 172, 173
Can sealer, 175
Capillary attraction, 47, 48, 93, 106
Carbolic acid, 126
Carbon, 82, 83, 84, 214
Carbon dioxide, 67, 108
Carburetor, 29, 192, 220
Carpet sweeper, 147, 148, 150
Cast aluminum, 156
Cast iron, 155, 156
Catch basin, 127
Centigrade thermometer, 233, 234
Centigram, 226
Centimeter, 228, 229
Centiliter, 228
Centrifugal dryer, 138, 139, 140 force, 139 washer, 135, 136
Cerium, 88
Cesspool, 124
Charcoal filter, 114
Chain stitch, 186
Cherry stoner, 161, 162
Check valve, 71, 183
Chimney, 18, 31, 33, 57, 59, 74, 75, 80, 93, 94, 111
Chloride of lime, 126
Choker, 192
Chopper, 162, 163
Churns, 165, 167, 235
Cistern, 114
Clamp, 138
Cleaning, 25, 35, 127, 172
Cleaning equipment, 147, 148, 149, 150, 152, 153
Clinkers, 76
Clock, 236
Clutch, 192
Coal, 20, 28, 66, 76
Coffee mill, 162 pot, 167, 168
Cog wheels, 165
Coils, 64, 78, 80
Coke, 222
Cold-process gasoline-gas, 29, 91, 145
Color and illumination, 84
Compressed-air pump, 113, 115, 117
Combustion, 16, 17, 23, 24, 58, 66, 74, 76, 77
Conductivity of materials, 156, 157, 158
Contraction of materials, 235
Cookers, 50, 51, 55, 56
Coolers, 105, 106, 108, 109
Copper, 158, 216, 236
Crank, 163
Cream separator, 178, 179
Cubic measure, 229
Cup, measuring, 227, 228
Current, electric, 42, 46, 80, 83, 86, 110, 143, 144, 215, 218, 232
Curtain roller, 185
Cylinder, 112, 113, 211 washer, 133
D
Dampers, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 58, 61, 66, 74, 75, 197, 198, 235, 236
Decomposition of sewage, 124, 125, 127
Degree, 233, 234
Dekagram, 226
Dekaliter, 228
Dekameter, 229
Dermax, 206
Density of liquids, 237
Direct current, 110
Direct lighting, 85
Dish-washer, 170, 171
Disinfectant, 126, 200
Distillate, 40, 218
Dolly washer, 134
Doors, 103, 183, 184, 185, 215
Drafts, 16, 17, 18, 19, 57, 58, 59, 74
Drain, 103, 104, 122, 138
Dram, 226, 228
Drip pipe, 102, 103
Drip sheet, 25
Dryer, 171, 176
Dry-cleaning equipment, 140
Dry-cell battery, 215, 216
Dulling of edges, 159, 163
Dumbwaiters, 183
Dust, 76, 78, 80, 148, 150
Dynamo, 215, 216
E
Earthenware, 107, 156
Egg tester, 201
Electric appliances, 42, 44, 46, 81 heating, 42, 43, 80, 119 measurements, 43, 82, 230, 232
Electric motors, 217
Electricity, 215, 219
Electrolyte, 217
Enameled ware, 157
Engine, gasoline, 137, 212
Evaporation, 67, 105, 106, 140
Exhaust pipe, 212, 214
Expansion of materials, 108, 234, 235 tank, 66, 67, 120 valve, 70
Explosions, prevented, 25, 35, 37, 39, 69 utilized, 192, 214, 222
Extractor, 139
F
Fahrenheit thermometer, 233, 234
Fan, 110, 148, 177
Fastener, door, 184
Faucet, 109, 114, 116, 119, 120, 122
Feed plate, 187, 188, 189, 207
Filament for lamp, 83
Filter, water, 114, 116, 168
Fire, 18, 19, 34, 41, 66, 75
Fireless cooker, 50, 51
Fireplace, 74, 75
Fire-pot, 20, 57, 58, 65, 76
Flame, 23, 35, 38
Flame, blue, 31, 38, 49, 96 illuminating, 77, 78, 88, 89, 93, 94
Flash point, 218
Flat-iron, 142
Float for flushing tank, 129, 130
Flue, 66, 77
Force pump, 113, 117, 119
Freezer, 166, 167
Freezing, 68, 112, 126, 166, 233
Friction, danger from, 140
Fuel, 16, 58, 65, 76, 88, 119 economical use of, 19, 20, 28, 59, 66
Funnel, 133, 167, 168
Furnace, 57, 62, 63, 64, 75, 222
Fuses, 43, 46, 86, 144
G
Gage, 67, 69, 70, 73, 117
Gage, steam, 72, 173
Gallon, 228
Gas, 26, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 58, 88, 108, 192, 199, 214, 215, 219, 221, 230 burners, 77, 79, 90, 144 consumption, 23, 28, 29, 66 formation, 96, 97, 98 kinds of, 29, 91, 220, 222, 223
Gasoline, 89, 97, 99, 140, 219, 223 burner, 37, 96 engine, 119, 137, 212, 215
Gasoline-gas, 29, 37, 91, 220
Gears, 192
Generation of heat and gas, 219, 220
Generator, 96, 97, 145, 223
Gill, 227, 228
Glass utensils, 156, 157, 158
Graduate, 227
Gram, 226
Granite ware, 156, 157
Grate, 16, 58, 65, 74, 76
Grater, 160
Gravity lamp, 96
Gravity, specific, 217, 237, 239
Grinder, 159, 162
H
Heat, 29, 48, 89, 156, 158, 218 production of, 42, 140, 143, 200, 219 use of, 45, 50, 57, 69, 78, 80, 140, 143, 176
Heater, 65, 77, 79, 80, 81, 118, 119, 135, 141, 143, 196, 197
Hectograph, 205, 206
Hectoliter, 228
Hectometer, 229
Hinge, 184, 185
Homogenizer, 180
Horse power, 210
Hot-water furnace, 64
Hot-water tank, 117
Humidity, 239
Hundred-weight, 226
Hydrometer, 217, 237, 238, 239
Hygroscope, 239
I
Ice, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 166, 219
Iceless refrigerator, 105, 106
Incubator, 196, 201, 235 adjustment of, 199
Ignition of gas, 140, 214, 215
Illumination, 28, 77, 78, 82, 84, 85, 88, 218, 219
Inch, 228, 229
Ink, 205, 208
Insulation, 19, 46, 50, 55, 57, 66, 102
Iron, 155, 156, 158, 236
Ironing board, 144
Irons, 142, 144, 145, 146
J
Jars, fruit, 176
Jellometer, 237
Jugs, 107
K
Kerosene lamps, 93, 95 oil, 28, 138, 219 stoves, 31, 79, 80
Kisselguhr filter, 114
Keyboard, 202, 204
Kilogram, 226
Kiloliter, 228
Kilometer, 229
Kilowatt, 82, 232
Kneading machine, 165
Knives, 159, 163, 196
Knocking, cause of, 71, 214
L
Lard press, 163
Lamp, adjusting burners, 89, 90, 93, 94 electric, 82, 83, 84, 87 gas or oil, 91, 92, 94, 95, 96, 196, 198, 199, 215
Laundry tubs, 127
Lawn mower, 195
Lava tip, 89
Leather, preventing shrinking of, 112
Lever, 72, 154, 163, 190, 236
Light, 83, 84, 85, 86, 98
Lights, 82, 88, 98
Lighters, 28, 91, 215
Lighting, lamps, 89, 90, 94, 95 stoves, 25, 27, 33, 34, 37, 38, 78, 79, 80
Lighting plants, 86, 114
Lime, 221
Lining refrigerator, 101
Lignite coal, 219
Liquify, sewage, 124, 125
Liquids, 237
Liter, 227, 228
Locomotive washer, 135
Logs, gas, 78
Lock-stitch, 186, 188
Lubrication, 193
M
Mangles, 141
Mantles for lamps, 88, 89, 90, 91, 95, 98
Manufactured gas, 78, 89, 91
Maximum thermometers, 234
Mazda lamps, 82, 83, 84
Measurements, 225
Melting ice, 103
Metal, conductivity of, 156, 158
Meter, 229, 230, 231, 232
Microbes, septic, 126
Mile, 229
Milligram, 226
Milliliter, 228
Millimeter, 226
Mimeograph, 206
Mixer, 165
Moisture, 200, 239
Mop wringer, 154
Motor, 108, 110, 133, 150, 186, 192, 209 care of, 214, 217 water, 137, 209, 210, 211, 220
Mower, 196
Multigraph, 206, 208
N
Natural gas, 30, 89, 219
Needle, 187, 188, 191
Nickel, 158
Nozzle, 148, 149
O
Oil, 31, 93, 110, 200, 214, 218, 223
Oil cups, 33, 35
Oscillating washer, 134, 135
Ounce, 226, 228
Oven, 19, 20, 26, 27, 42, 235
Overflow, 67, 119, 120, 122, 130
P
Packing, 112, 122
Pans, 155, 156
Parers, 159, 160
Peck, 228, 229
Percolator, 168
Pet cock, 174, 175
Pilot light, 26, 27, 119
Pint, 227, 228, 229
Pintsch gas, 223
Pipe, stove, 58, 60, 61, 62 water or steam, 64, 66, 69, 70, 72
Pipes, 67, 78, 102, 103
Pipeless furnace, 63
Piston, 112, 148, 211, 214
Pivot, 166, 167, 209
Plate, mower, 195
Plug, electric, 143, 144
Plumber's pump, 123
Plumbing system, 115, 117
Pneumatic hinge, 184 lamp, 96
Porcelain filter, 114
Pots, 155, 156, 167, 168
Pound, 72, 226
Power, 82, 209, 210, 214
Prepayment meter, 231
Press, 163
Pressure, 72, 73, 78, 79, 82, 117, 137, 138, 146, 164, 171, 173, 209, 223
Pressure, air, 96, 97, 176 gage, 69, 117
Prestolite gas, 223
Pulley, 137, 185, 212
Pump, 108, 112, 113, 117, 123, 148, 168, 169, 209, 223
Q
Quart, 227, 228
R
Rack for canner, 172
Radiation of heat, 57, 61, 62, 79
Radiator, 64, 68, 69, 70, 71
Radiator, gas, 77, 78, 79
Reading meters, 231, 232, 238, 239
Reflector, 77, 78, 80, 81
Refrigerating plant, 108
Refrigeration, principles of, 100
Refrigerator, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105
Register, 60, 62, 75
Regulation, heat and pressure, 20, 60, 66, 70, 72, 73
Regulation of stoves, 24, 43, 44, 48
Regulator, temperature, 198, 199
Reservoir, 18
Resistance produces heat, 143
Revolutions of motor wheels, 137
Ribbon, typewriter, 203, 208
Roller, 138, 141, 142, 154, 162
Rotary washer, 134
S
Saccrometer, 237, 239
Sack, flour, 229
Sadirons, 142
Safety devices, 45, 56, 71
Safety valve, 72, 79, 117, 119, 174, 175
Salt, 157, 166
Saltometer, 237
Scales, 226
Scissors, 196
Screw, 163
Seal for sewer pipe, 128
Seeder, 159, 161
Semi-indirect light, 86
Separators, cream, 178
Septic tank, 124, 125, 127
Sewage, 124, 125, 126
Sewer, 124, 127, 128
Sewing machine, 186, 191, 209
Shaft, 159, 186, 187, 202, 204, 209 cold-air, 57, 60, 63
Shears, 196
Sheet iron, 155, 156
Shutter, furnace pipe, 60
Shuttle, sewing machine, 188
Silicon, 158
Silver, 158, 171
Simmerer, 30
Siphon, 125, 129
Slicer, 159, 163
Smoke, 16, 20, 32, 34, 36, 57, 59, 66, 73, 74, 80, 89, 146, 214, 215, 246
Socket, electrical, 143
Soot, 17, 20, 32, 39, 66, 75, 78, 214
Sparks, electric, 110, 144
Specific gravity, 217, 237, 239 heat, 156, 158
Speed by use of wheels, 165, 212
Spiral, 163
Spoons, 157, 158, 227, 228
Spring, 59, 184, 185, 226 pulley, 183
Steam, 71, 79, 111, 133, 175, 219 pressure, 69, 70, 72, 73, 174, 175
Steam cooker, 56 valves and gages, 70, 72, 73, 173
Steel for cooking, 155
Stencil, 206
Stitch, 187, 188, 189, 191
Stones, fireless cooker, 50, 54
Stoner, 161
Storage tank, 113, 220
Storage battery, 215, 216, 217
Stove, 37, 47, 48, 49, 57, 58, 63, 65, 70 electric, 42, 44, 157 gas, 23 to 30, 144 heating, 75, 76, 78, 80, 141
Stove, wood and coal, 15, 22
Stoves, care of, 31, 34, 41, 44, 76, 78
Stuffer, 163, 164
Suction pump, 112, 113 washer, 132, 133, 169
Sweeper, carpet, 147, 148, 150
Switch, ignition, 192
Syrup, temperatures of, 235
T
Tables, 85, 158, 219, 226, 227, 228, 229, 235, 238
Tablespoons, 227, 228
Tank, 30, 31, 35, 37, 39, 40, 64, 67, 96, 146, 220, 223 septic, 124, 125, 126, 127 water, 107, 109, 113, 117, 119, 128, 129, 130
Teaspoon, 227, 228
Temperature, 20, 51, 73, 101, 103, 105, 173, 196, 198, 200, 206, 220, 233, 236
Tempering of metal, 156
Tension, 187, 188, 189
Tester, egg, 201
Thawing, 233
Thermal unit, 218
Thermometer, 197, 199, 233, 234
Thermostat, 197, 198, 199, 200, 235, 236
Thorium, 88
Thread, 187, 188
Throttle, 192
Thumb-screw, 138, 174
Time for cooking food, 54
Timer, 193
Tin, 155, 156, 158
Ton, 226
Trap, 122, 128
Trays, 176, 197, 200
Treadle, 186, 209
Tungsten, 82, 83, 158
Type, 203, 204, 208
Typewriter, 202, 203, 206
U
Utensils for cooking, 44, 155, 156
V
Vacuum, 112, 176, 240 cleaner, 147, 148
Valve, 25, 26, 29, 33, 37, 52, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 90, 112, 113, 119, 120, 122, 129, 130, 145, 174, 183, 197, 211, 232, 235
Vapor, 40, 41, 145
Vent, radiator, 68
Ventilators, 110, 111, 197, 198, 200
Volt, 82
Voltage, 86, 110, 144, 217
W
Warping, 76
Washboard, 134
Wash boiler, 172
Washers for valves, etc., 120
Washing equipment, care of, 136, 138, 139, 141, 142
Washing machines, 132, 133, 135, 136, 209
Waste, 76, 124
Water, 67, 102, 106 closets, 128 coolers, 105, 108 filters, 114 for cooling, 107, 215 for furnaces, 64, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 72, 81 heater, 118, 119 meter, 230 motors, 137, 209, 210, 211, 220 tanks, 119 -bath canner, 173 -seal canner, 173
Watt, 82, 84
Weight, 220, 226
Wells, 113, 125
Wheels, 137, 165, 211, 230
Whey separator, 180
Whistle, 56
Wick, 32, 35, 93, 94, 95, 98, 198
Wickless burner, 32, 33
Window, adjustment of, 63, 183 shades, 184
Wire, 43, 46, 110
Wood, 157, 219
Wringer, clothes, 138 mop, 154
Y
Yard, 229
Z
Zero, 233
INDEX OF ILLUSTRATIONS
A
Acetylene burner, 90 gas plant, 221
Adjusting gas light, 89
Air mixer, 24, 77
Alcohol iron, 145
Ash chute, 21
Automatic devices for heating water, 118 tension, 190
B
Balance wheel, 186
Ball bearings, 152
Barometer, 239
Bath-tub overflow, 122
Battery, 217
Blower, 110
Bobbin shuttle, 188 spool, 188 thread, 188 winder, 186 worm wheel, 186
Boiler, washer for, 132
Booster, 120
Bread mixer, 165
Brush, electric cleaner, 151 carpet sweeper, 153
Bunsen burner, 89
Burner, acetylene, 90 Bunsen, 89 cleaning, 26 gasoline, 37, 38 gasoline-gas, 29 oil stove, 31, 34
C
Cam, 213
Canner, pressure, 173 water-bath, 172
Can sealer, 175
Cap, sewing machine, 190
Carpet sweeper, 152, 153
Centigrade thermometer, 234
Centrifugal washer, 136
Chambers' fireless cooker range, 54
Check valve for door, 184
Cherry stoner, 160
Chimneys, lamp, 93
Circulation in refrigerator, 102
Cleaner, vacuum, 147, 150, 151, 152
Clean-out for cook stove, 15
Cloth plate, sewing machine, 190
Compressed-air pump, 114
Cooker, gas, 54 steam, 55
Cooking stove, 15, 25
Cooler for food, 106, 108
Crank shaft, 213
Cream separator, 179, 180
Curtain roller, 185
Cylinder washer, 134
D
Dampers, 15, 17
Direct light, 83
Discs in separator, 180
Dish dryer, 172 washer, 170, 171
Door holder, 184 check valve, 184
Draft, 17
Dryer, 139, 176
E
Egg tester, 200
Egg, appearance when tested, 201
Electric fan, 111 generator, 216 heater, 80 heating unit, 43 iron, 143 lighter, 91 meter, 232 plug, 144 stove, 42, 80 vacuum cleaner, 150, 151
Embroidery spring, 190
Engine, gasoline, 213
Expansion tank, 67
Exhaust valve, 213
F
Fahrenheit thermometer, 234
Fan, 110, 111
Faucet showing parts, 122
Feed bar, sewing machine, 190 pipe, 31, 32, 33
Fireless cooker, 51, 53
Flames, clear and smoky, 35
Flushing tank, 130
Flywheel, 213
Force pump, 113, 119
Fruit press, 164
Fuel box, 21
Furnace, Garland hot-water, 64, 65, 67 pipeless, 61 steam, 69, 73 warm-air, 58, 59
Fuse on electric heating unit, 43
G
Gage, water, 70
Gas, acetylene plant, 221 air mixer for, 24, 77 burner, 26 cooker, 54 heater, 77, 78 iron, 145 light, 89 logs, 79 meter, 230 oven, 27 radiator, 79 stove, 25, 77, 78 tank, 223
Gasoline burner, 37 engine, 213 -gas lamp, 97 -gas plant, 220 -stove, 38
Generator, 216
Governor, 213
Grate, 16, 21
Grinder, 160, 161, 162
H
Heater, electric, 80 gas, 77, 78 hot-air, 62 hot-water, 65 oil, 80 reflector, 78 water, 118, 120, 121
Heating unit, 45 for electric stove, 43
Hectograph, 206
Holder, door, 184
Hinge, door, 185
Humidifier, 58
I
Iceless refrigerator, 105
Ignitor, 213
Incubator, 197 lamps, 196
Indirect light, 86
Instantaneous water heater, 118
Insulation in cooker, 51
Iron, alcohol, 155 electric, 143 gas, 145
K
Kerosene lamp, 94 oil heater, 80
Knives, mower, 195
L
Lamp, 35, 93 electric, 83 gasoline, 97 incubator, 196 mantle for, 94
Lard press, 164
Lawn mower, 195
Lifter for fireless cooker stones, 53
Light, adjusting gas, 89 direct, 83 indirect, 86 pilot, 27 semi-indirect, 87
Lighter, gas stove, 28 electric, 91
Lining of fire box, 21
Lock-stitch machine, 186
Locomotive washer, 135
Logs, gas, 79
Looper, sewing machine, 190
M
Mangle, 141, 142
Mantle lamp, 88, 94
Meters, 230, 231, 232
Mimeograph machine, 207
Mixer, bread and cake, 165, 166
Mop wringer, 154
Motor, water, 209, 210, 211
Mower, lawn, 195
N
Needle bar, 186, 190 clamp, 186
Nozzles, 152
O
Oil heater, 80 stove, 32 burner, 31, 32 lighting, 34
Oscillating washer, 135
Oven burner, gas, 29
Overflow, 123
P
Pail for cooking food, 107
Parer, 159
Pet cock, 173
Pilot light, 27
Pipes, hot-water, 65 steam, 69
Piston, 213
Plant, acetylene-gas, 221 gasoline-gas, 220
Plug, electric, 144
Pneumatic gasoline lamp, 97
Press, lard and fruit, 164
Presser foot, sewing machine, 186, 190
Pressure canners, 173 thumb-screw for, 186 tank, 223
Pump, compressed-air, 114 force, 113, 119 plumber's, 122 suction, 113
Pulley wheel, 213
Pulley, window, 183
R
Rack for canner, 173
Radiator, 65, 68, 79 valve, 122 vents, 68
Reflector gas heater, 78
Refrigerator, 100 circulation of air in, 102 iceless, 105
Roller, mangle, 142 wringer, 133, 134, 135
Rotary washer, 134
S
Safety valve, 69
Sealer, fruit-can, 175
Semi-indirect light, 87
Separator, disc, 180
Separator DeLaval, 181 Sharpless, 179
Septic tank, 124, 125, 126
Sewing machine, chain-stitch, 190 bobbin, 188 lock-stitch, 186 under part, 187 shaft, 213
Shaft, crank, 213
Shaker, stove, 21, 64
Shuttle, 187, 188
Siphon, 126
Slicer, 163
Spool holder, 186, 190 for bobbin, 188
Spring in curtain roller, 185
Steam cooker, 55 furnace, 69, 73
Stoner, 160
Stones, fireless cooker, 51, 53
Storage battery, 217
Stove, coal, 15 electric, 42, 43, 80 gas, 24, 25, 26, 27, 77, 78 gasoline, 37, 38 grate, 21 heating, 62, 77, 78, 80 oil, 31, 32, 33, 34, 80 pipe, 17 shaker, 21, 64 ventilator, 111 wood, 15
Suction pump, 113 washer, 133
Sweeper, carpet, 153
T
Tank, 65, 121 cooling, 108 expansion, 67 flushing, 130 gas, 223 septic, 124, 125, 126
Tension, sewing machine, 186, 187, 190
Thermometer, Fahrenheit, 234 Centigrade, 234
Thermostat, 199
Thread, bobbin, 188 cutter, 186 guide, 186
Thread take-up, 186, 190
Traps, 129
Tray for dishes, 172
Typewriter, Hammond, 204 L. C. Smith, 202
U
Universal grinder, 162
Utensils for electric stove, 45 for fireless cooker, 51, 53
V
Vacuum cleaner, 147, 150, 151, 152 nozzles, 152
Valve, cooker, 51 door check, 184 safety, 69 radiator, 122
Vegetable slicer, 163
Vents, 68, 122
Ventilator, 111
W
Washer, centrifugal, 136, 139 cylinder, 134 for boiler, 132 locomotive, 135 oscillating, 135 rotary, 134 suction, 133
Water-bath canner, 172
Water closet, 129 cooler, 109 heater, 120 meter, 231 motor, 209, 210, 211 tank, 121 for cooling, 107
Wheel, 186, 190
Wick, 36
Window pulley, 183
Wringer, centrifugal, 139 mop, 154 roller, 133, 134, 135