Chapter 2

I. Introduction 1. Human Interest in Human Nature 64 2. Definition of Human Nature 65 3. Classification of the Materials 68

II. Materials

A. The Original Nature of Man 1. Original Nature Defined. _Edward L. Thorndike_ 73 2. Inventory of Original Tendencies. _Edward L. Thorndike_ 75 3. Man Not Born Human. _Robert E. Park_ 76 4. The Natural Man. _Milicent W. Shinn_ 82 5. Sex Differences. _Albert Moll_ 85 6. Racial Differences. _C. S. Myers_ 89 7. Individual Differences. _Edward L. Thorndike_ 92

B. Human Nature and Social Life 1. Human Nature and Its Remaking. _W. E. Hocking_ 95 2. Human Nature, Folkways, and the Mores. _William G. Sumner_ 97 3. Habit and Custom, the Individual and the General Will. _Ferdinand Toennies_ 100 4. The Law, Conscience, and the General Will. _Viscount Haldane_ 102

C. Personality and the Social Self 1. The Organism as Personality. _Th. Ribot_ 108 2. Personality as a Complex. _Morton Prince_ 110 3. The Self as the Individual's Conception of His Role. _Alfred Binet_ 113 4. The Natural Person versus the Social and Conventional Self. _L. G. Winston_ 117 5. The Divided Self and Moral Consciousness. _William James_ 119 6. Personality of Individuals and of Peoples. _W. v. Bechterew_ 123

D. Biological and Social Heredity 1. Nature and Nurture. _J. Arthur Thomson_ 126 2. Inheritance of Original Nature. _C. B. Davenport_ 128 3. Inheritance of Acquired Nature: Tradition. _Albert G. Keller_ 134 4. Temperament, Tradition, and Nationality. _Robert E. Park_ 135

III. Investigations and Problems

1. Conceptions of Human Nature Implicit in Religious and Political Doctrines 139 2. Literature and the Science of Human Nature 141 3. Research in the Field of Original Nature 143 4. The Investigation of Human Personality 143 5. The Measurement of Individual Differences 145

_Selected Bibliography_ 147 _Topics for Written Themes_ 154 _Questions for Discussion_ 155