CHAPTER II.

History of the Theory of Nutrition of Plants, 1583-1860 445

1. Cesalpino, 1583 450

2. First Inductive Experiments and Opening of New Points of View in the History of the Theory of the Nutrition of Plants, to 1730 453

3. Fruitless Attempts to Explain the Movement of the Sap in Plants, 1730-1780 482

4. The Modern Theory of Nutrition Founded by Ingen-Houss and Theodore de Saussure, 1779-1804 491

5. Vital Force. Respiration and Heat of Plants. Endosmose, 1804-1840 504

6. Settlement of the Question of Food-Material of Plants, 1840-1860 524