Category: History - Other
The authors of the oldest herbals of the 16th century, Brunfels, Fuchs, Bock, Mattioli and others, regarded plants mainly as the vehicles of medicinal virtues; to them plants were the ingredients in compound medicines, and were therefore by preference termed ‘simplicia,’ simpl...
The authors of the oldest herbals of the 16th century, Brunfels, Fuchs, Bock, Mattioli and others, regarded plants mainly as the vehicles of medicinal virtues; to them plants we...
11. CHAPTER I.When those who are accustomed to modern botanical literature take up for the first time the works of Otto Brunfels (1530), Leonhard Fuchs (1542), Hieronymus Bock (Tragus), or of...
12. CHAPTER II.While botany was being developed in Germany and the Netherlands in the manner described in the previous chapter, and long before this process of development reached its furthest...
13. CHAPTER III.From the year 1750 Linnaeus’ terminology of the organs of plants and his binary method of naming species came into general use; the opposition which his doctrines had till then...
14. CHAPTER IV.The efforts of Jussieu, De Candolle, and Robert Brown were directed to the discovery of the relationship between different species of plants by comparing them together; the doct...
15. CHAPTER V.In the years immediately before and after 1840 a new life began to stir in all parts of botanical research, in anatomy, physiology, and morphology. Morphology was now specially...
16. CHAPTER I.The foundation of vegetable anatomy, indeed of all insight into the structure of the substance of plants, is the knowledge of their cellular structure. We find the first percept...
17. CHAPTER II.Malpighi had no successor of note in Italy; in England the new light was extinguished with Hooke and Grew, and has so remained, we may almost say, till the present day; in Holla...
18. CHAPTER III.There is no sharp line of division between the 18th and the 19th centuries; the phytotomists who appear on the scene during the first years of the new century are scarcely more...
19. CHAPTER IV.In the period between 1830 and 1840 it had come to be understood, that the old theories of cell-formation of Wolff, Sprengel, Mirbel, and others, resting on indistinct perceptio...
20. CHAPTER I.It will contribute to a correct appreciation of the discoveries made towards the end of the 17th century by Rudolph Jacob Camerarius and his successors in regard to the sexual r...
21. CHAPTER II.That plants take up certain substances from their environment for the purpose of building up their own structures could not be a matter of doubt even in the earliest times; it w...
22. CHAPTER III.It will scarcely be doubted at the present day, that the mechanical laws of growth, of geotropic and heliotropic curvatures, of the various kinds of periodic movements, of the t...