CHAPTER XXIII

_ROMAN POTTERY (continued); PROVINCIAL FABRICS_

Distribution of Roman pottery in Europe—Transition from Arretine to provincial wares—_Terra sigillata_—Shapes and centres of fabric—Subjects—Potters’ stamps—Vases with _barbotine_ decoration—The fabrics of Gaul—St. Rémy—Graufesenque—“Marbled” vases—Vases with inscriptions (Banassac)—Lezoux—Vases with medallions (Southern Gaul)—Fabrics of Germany—_Terra sigillata_ in Britain—Castor ware—Upchurch and New Forest wares—Plain pottery—_Mortaria_—Conclusion 497–555

INDEX 557

LIST OF PLATES IN VOLUME II

(_Except where otherwise noted, the objects are in the British Museum_)

PLATE

XLIX. Attic black-figured hydria: Harnessing of horses to chariot (_colours_) _Frontispiece_

TO FACE PAGE

L. Contest of Athena and Poseidon: vase at Petersburg (from Baumeister) 24

LI. Kotyle by Hieron: Triptolemos at Eleusis 26

LII. The Under-world, from an Apulian vase at Munich (from Furtwaengler and Reichhold) 66

LIII. Helios and Stars (the Blacas krater) 78

LIV. The Sack of Troy: kylix by Brygos in Louvre (from Furtwaengler and Reichhold) 134

LV. Scenes from funeral lekythi (Prothesis and cult of tomb) 158

LVI. Early Etruscan red ware 300

LVII. Etruscan hut-urn and Bucchero ware 302

LVIII. Etruscan imitations of Greek vases 308

LIX. Etruscan antefix and sarcophagus 316

LX. Sarcophagus of Seianti Thanunia 322

LXI. Roman mural reliefs: Zeus and Dionysos 366

LXII. Roman mural reliefs: Theseus; priestesses 370

LXIII. Roman lamps (1st century B.C.) 402

LXIV. Roman lamps: mythological and literary subjects 412

LXV. Roman lamps: miscellaneous subjects 416

LXVI. Moulds and stamp of Arretine ware 492

LXVII. Gaulish pottery (Graufesenque fabric) 520

LXVIII. Gaulish pottery from Britain (Lezoux fabric) 526

LXIX. Romano-British and Gaulish pottery 544

LIST OF TEXT-ILLUSTRATIONS IN VOLUME II

FIG. PAGE

111. Gigantomachia, from Ionic vase _Mon. dell’ Inst._ in Louvre 13

112. Poseidon and Polybotes, from _Gerhard_ kylix in Berlin 14

113. The birth of Athena _Brit. Mus._ 16

114. Hermes slaying Argos (vase at _Wiener Vorl._ Vienna) 20

115. Poseidon and Amphitrite _Ant. Denkm._ (Corinthian pinax) 23

116. Apollo, Artemis, and Leto _Mon. dell’ Inst._ 30

117. Aphrodite and her following Ἐφ. Ἀρχ. (vase at Athens) 43

118. Eros with kottabos-stand _Brit. Mus._ 48

119. Hermes with Apollo’s oxen (in _Baumeister_ the Vatican) 51

120. Dionysos with Satyrs and _Brit. Mus._ Maenads (Pamphaios hydria) 59

121. Maenad in frenzy (cup at _Baumeister_ Munich) 63

122. Charon’s bark (lekythos at _Baumeister_ Munich) 70

123. Thanatos and Hypnos with body _Brit. Mus._ of warrior 71

124. Nike sacrificing bull _Brit. Mus._ 88

125. Herakles and the Nemean lion _Brit. Mus._ 96

126. Herakles bringing the boar to _Brit. Mus._ Eurystheus 97

127. Apotheosis of Herakles (vase _Arch. Zeit._ at Palermo) 107

128. Peleus seizing Thetis _Brit. Mus._ 121

129. Judgment of Paris (Hieron cup _Wiener Vorl._ in Berlin) 122

130. Capture of Dolon _Brit. Mus._ 129

131. Pentheus slain by Maenads _Brit. Mus._ 142

132. Kroisos on the funeral pyre _Baumeister_ (Louvre) 150

133. Alkaios and Sappho (Munich) _Baumeister_ 152

134. Scene from a farce _Brit. Mus._ 161

135. Athletes engaged in the _Brit. Mus._ Pentathlon 163

136. Agricultural scenes _Baumeister_ (Nikosthenes cup in Berlin) 170

137. Warrior arming; archers _Hoppin_ (Euthymides amphora in Munich) 176

138. Banqueters playing kottabos _Brit. Mus._ 181

139. Maeander or embattled pattern 212

140. Maeander (Attic) 212

141. Maeander (Ionic) 212

142. Maeander and star pattern 212

143. Maeander (Attic, 5th century) 213

144. Maeander (Attic, about 480 B.C.) 213

145. Net-pattern 215

146. Chequer-pattern 216

147. Tangent-circles 216

148. Spirals under handles (Exekias) 217

149. Wave-pattern (South Italy) 218

150. Scale-pattern (Daphnae) 218

151. Guilloche or plait-band (Euphorbos pinax) 219

152. Tongue-pattern 219

153. Egg-pattern 220

154. Leaf- or chain-pattern 221

155. Ivy-wreath (black-figure period) 222

156. Ivy-wreath (South Italian) 222

157. Laurel-wreath (South Italian) 223

158. _Vallisneria spiralis_ (Mycenaean) 224

159. Lotos-flower (Cypriote) 224

160. Lotos-flowers and buds _Riegl_ (Rhodian) 225

161. Palmette-and lotos-pattern (early B.F.) 225

162. Lotos-buds (Attic B.F.) 226

163. Chain of palmettes and lotos (early B.F.) 226

164. Palmettes and lotos under handles (Attic B.F.) 227

165. Palmette on neck of red-bodied amphorae 228

166. Enclosed palmettes (R.F. period) 228

167. Oblique palmettes (late R.F.) 229

168. Palmette under handles (South Italian) 230

169. Rosette (Rhodian) 231

170. Rosette (Apulian) 231

171. Facsimile of inscription on _Brit. Mus._ Tataie lekythos 242

172. Facsimile of Dipylon _Ath. Mitth._ inscription 243

173. Scheme of alphabets on Greek vases 248

174. Facsimile of inscription on _Roehl_ Corinthian pinax 251

175. Facsimile of signatures on _Furtwaengler and François vase Reichhold_ 257

176. Facsimile of signature of _Brit. Mus._ Nikias 259

177. Figure with inscribed scroll (fragment at Oxford) 264

178. Etruscan tomb with cinerary _Ann. dell’ Inst._ urn 285

179. Villanuova cinerary urns from _Notizie_ Corneto 286

180. Painted pithos from Cervetri _Gaz. Arch._ in Louvre 293

181. Canopic jar in bronze-plated _Mus. Ital._ chair 305

182. Etruscan alphabet, from a vase _Dennis_ 312

183. Terracotta sarcophagus in _Dennis_ Brit. Mus. 318

184. Painted terracotta slab in _Dennis_ Louvre 319

185. Askos of local Apulian fabric _Brit. Mus._ 326

186. Krater of “Peucetian” fabric _Notizie_ 328

187. Concrete wall at Rome _Middleton_ 338

188. Concrete wall faced with brick _Middleton_ 339

189. Concrete arch faced with brick _Middleton_ 339

190. Diagram of Roman wall- _Blümner_ construction 340

191. Roman terracotta antefix _Brit. Mus._ 343

192. Method of heating in Baths of _Middleton_ Caracalla 347

193. Flue-tile with ornamental patterns 348

194. Stamped Roman tile _Brit. Mus._ 354

195. Inscribed tile in Guildhall Museum 359

196. Inscribed tile from London 363

197. Mask with name of potter _Brit. Mus._ 377

198. Gaulish figure of Aphrodite _Blanchet_ 383

199. Gaulish figure of Epona _Blanchet_ 386

200. Terracotta money-box _Jahrbuch_ 390

201. Terracotta coin-mould _Daremberg and Saglio_ 392

202. Lamp from the Esquiline _Ann. dell Inst._ 399

203. “Delphiniform” lamp 399

204. Lamp with volute-nozzle 400

205. Lamp with pointed nozzle 400

206. Lamp with grooved nozzle 401

207. Lamp with plain nozzle 401

208. Lamp with heart-shaped nozzle 402

209. Mould for lamp _Brit. Mus._ 405

210. Lamp with signature of Fortis _Brit. Mus._ 424

211. Stamps used by Roman potters 440

212. Roman kiln at Heddernheim _Ann. dell’ Inst._ 444

213. Kiln found at Castor 447

214. Plan of kiln at Heiligenberg _Daremberg and Saglio_ 450

215. Section of ditto _Daremberg and Saglio_ 450

216. Ampulla _Brit. Mus._ 466

217. Lagena from France 467

218. Arretine bowl in Boston: death _Philologus_ of Phaëthon 484

219. Arretine krater with Seasons _Brit. Mus._ 488

220. “Italian Megarian” bowl _Brit. Mus._ 491

221. Gaulish bowl of Form 29 500

222. Gaulish bowl of Form 30 501

223. Gaulish bowl of Form 37 502

224. Vase of St.-Rémy fabric _Déchelette_ 517

225. Vase of Aco, inscribed _Déchelette_ 518

226. Vase of Banassac fabric from _Mus. Borb._ Pompeii 525

227. Medallion from vase of _Brit. Mus._ Southern Gaul: scene from the _Cycnus_ 531

228. Medallion from vase: Atalanta _Gaz. Arch._ and Hippomedon 532

229. Jar from Germany, inscribed _Brit. Mus._ 537

230. Roman mortarium from _Brit. Mus._ Ribchester 551