Part 3

B * * * * * * * (Lord) _disguised-author_ [F. R. CHICHESTER, Earl of BELFAST].

The Farce of Life, a novel. _T. C. Newby_, 1852. Wealth and Labour, a novel, 1853. The County Magistrate.--Naples; Political, Social, and Religious. ’56. The Fate of Folly, 1859.

BADHAM (Rev. C.)

This gentleman figures in our list for _plagiarism_, committed in his “History of All Saints, Sudbury, Suffolk,” of which he is convicted by W. Hastings Kelke, author of _Sepulchral Monuments_, from which work he plagiarises--they will be found at pp. 4, 41, of the latter and pp. 44, 60, of the former.

_N. & Q, 1st S. vi. 504_

BALDWIN (Rev. Edward) _pseudo-titlonym_ [WILLIAM GODWIN, bookseller, publisher, novelist: author of “Caleb Williams,” and others].

The Pantheon ... Gods of Greece, 1806. A new and improved Grammar by W. Hazlitt, to which is added a Guide, etc., by E. B., 1810. Fables, Ancient and Modern, 9th edit., 1821. The History of England, 1827. History of Greece, 2nd edit., 1828 and 1862. History of Rome, 6th edit., 1835 and 1862.

Several of these works have been reprinted in America, and most of them have had editions up to the present time.

BANTRY (Ign. L.) see: The Catholic Bishop of.

BARBER (George) _abbreviation_, see BEAUMONT, George.

BARCLAY (J. T.) M.D., Missionary to Jerusalem.

The City of the Great King; or, Jerusalem as it was, as it is, and as it is to be. Philadelphia and London, 1859.

Dr. Barclay has been accused of piracy, plagiarism, and theft from Bartlett’s Jerusalem Revisited. The correspondence, which we shall simply point out in this instance, will be found in the Athenæum for 1859.

BARROW (Rev. S.) _pseudo-titlonym_ [Sir R. PHILLIPS].

Another pseudonym which this gallant knight fabricated to give more credit to the following than he probably thought his own name would obtain. The Poor Child’s Library. Questions on the New Testament. Sermons for Schools, 1812.

BEAUMONT (George) _abbreviation_ [GEORGE DUCKETT BARBER BEAUMONT].

This gentleman has written several works, chiefly legal, in some he calls himself as above, in others George Barber.

BEDE (Adam) _pseud._ [ ].

The Natural History of Puseyism, with a short account of the Sunday Opera at St. Paul’s, Brighton. Brighton [1860].

BEDE (Augustin) _pseud._ [ ].

Letters ... on ... the Book of Common Prayer. Baltimore, 1859.

BEDE (Cuthbert) _pseud._ [Rev. EDWARD BRADLEY].

The Adventures of Mr. Verdant Green, an Oxford Freshman, 1857.

This gentleman is the author of a great number of works under this pseudonym, and a constant _letterist_ in “Notes and Queries.”

BEDE (Seth) _pseud._ [SAMUEL EVANS].

Seth Bede, “the Methody,” his life and labours; chiefly written by himself. Lond. Ryde [_printed_] 1859.

BEE (Hookanit) Esq. _pseud._ [S. R. WIGRAM].

Flotsam and Jetsam: a cargo of Christmas Rhyme. _Saunders & Otley_, 1853.

BEE (Jon) _pseud._ [JOHN BADCOCK].

Slang. A Dictionary of the Turf, the Ring, the Chase, the pit of bon-ton, and the varieties of Life, forming the completest Lexicon Balatronicum of the Sporting World. Interspersed with Anecdotes and Whimsies. 1823.

A living picture of London for 1828.

BELL (Acton) _pseud._ [ANNE BRONTË].

The Tenant of Wildfell Hall. 2 edit., 1848.

BELL (Currer) (Ellis) and (Acton) _polynym_ [CHARLOTTE, EMILY JANE, and ANNE BRONTË].

Poems by C. E. and A. Bell, 1846.

The “Athenæum” thought these were by three brothers. They were always in fact taken for men, and in letters used the masculine gender. Charlotte Brontë gives the following account of the assumption of these pseudonyms:

“Averse to publicity, we veiled our own names under those of Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell; the ambiguous choice being dictated by a sort of conscientious scruple of assuming Christian names positively masculine, while we did not declare ourselves women, because--without at the time suspecting that our mode of writing and thinking was not what is called ‘feminine,’--we had a vague impression that authoreses are liable to be looked on with prejudice.”--_Mrs. Gaskell’s Life of Brontë_, 1858, p. 240.

Having written a letter in the masculine gender to Miss Martineau, the latter, in her reply, began “Dear Madam,” but addressed it to “Currer Bell, Esq.”

BELL (Currer) _pseud._ [CHARLOTTE BRONTË, afterwards NICHOLLS].

Jane Eyre, an Autobiography, 1847.

The Professor, a tale [edited by A. B. Nicholls], 2 vols., 1857. Shirley, a tale, 1849. Villette, 1853.

BELL (Ellis and Acton) _polynym_ [EMILY JANE and ANNE BRONTË].

Wuthering Heights [by E. B.] and Agnes Grey, [by A. B.], 1847.

BENENGELI (Cid Hamet) _oriental-pseud._ [THOMAS BABINGTON Lord MACAULAY].

A squib printed at Leicester in 1826, entitled “Fragment of an Ancient Romance.”

Reprinted in Lowndes by Bohn, 1861.

BENSON (Carl) _pseud._ [CHARLES ASTOR BRISTED, grandson of the founder of the Astor Library].

BENSON (Edgeworth) _pseud._ [JOHN SCOTT, author of a Visit to Paris, etc.].

Articles in the London Magazine, of which he was editor.

John Scott’s career was cut short at the age of 37. In a literary quarrel Mr. Scott considered himself injured or insulted, and challenged Mr. Christie. They fought by moon-light at Chalk Farm, and Scott was shot dead! The survivors were tried for murder, but acquitted. See _Gent. Mag._, 1821. An apology, in the virulent language of the time, for Mr. Christie will be found in Blackwood’s Magazine, xix.

BIGLOW (Hosea) _apocryph_ [JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL].

Melibœus-Hipponax, The Biglow Papers, edited with an Introduction, notes, glossary and copious index, by H. Wilbur. Camb, U.S., 1848, and Lond. [1st and 2nd series, 1865].

BIGLY (Cantell A.) _enigmatic-pseudonym_ Can tell a Big Lye. [ ].

Aurifodina, or Adventures in the Gold Region. New York, 1849.

BILLINGS (Josh.) _pseud._ [A. W. SHAW].

His Book of Sayings. 1866.

BLACKMANTLE (Bernard) _phren._ [CHARLES MOLLOY WESTMACOTT].

The English Spy, an original work, characteristic, satirical, and humorous. 1826, 2 vols, and continued by the same editor under the title of “The St. James’s Royal Magazine.”

BLAIR (Rev. David) _pseudo-titlonym_ [Sir RICHARD PHILLIPS, author of, amongst numerous very useful and valuable works, “A Million of Facts”].

The Class-Rook.--English Grammar.--Models of Juvenile Letters.--Reading Exercises.--Grammar of Natural and Experimental Philosophy.--The Universal Preceptor, 1816--Mother’s Question Book.--Reading Exercises.--School Dictionary.--Tutor’s Key to Questions.--Editions to the present time.

BLUEBELL, [Lady HESTER G. BROWNE], KINGCUPS [Misses KNATCHBULL], and MIGNIONETTE [Miss HUME MIDDLEMASS], _polynym_.

The Bouquet culled from Marylebone Gardens by ----, and arranged by Thistle [_pseud._] [1851-55]. Printed for private circulation.

BOGUE (David) Publisher.

In 1846, Henry G. Bohn, the well known publisher, obtained an injunction against Bogue for _pirating_ part of a work published by him entitled, “Illustrations of the Life of Lorenzo de Medici by William Roscoe.” It appeared that William Hazlitt had “gutted” this work, rejecting what he had not quoted as worthless. Bogue was therefore restrained from publishing his work in “The European Library,” entitled “A Life of Lorenzo de Medici.” The case is one of great interest, and will be found in “The Jurist,”--vol. x.

BOSSUT (M. l’Abbé) Professor of Languages _pseudo-titlonym_ [Sir RICHARD PHILLIPS].

The first French Grammar.--A Key to French Conversation and Idiom.--The French Syntax, 1807.--3,000 Words.--2,000 Phrases.--Easy Exercises.

Another pseudonym we have to record against Sir Richard. He did it in a good cause--that of education--so perhaps it is not right to blame him as if he had used them in a less worthy cause.

“Bossut’s Philological Works.”

“Early in the present century the Abbé Bossut developed that simple natural system of acquiring languages, which, with slight variations, has been seized on by Hamilton and others. It is exactly described in the Preface to his little French Grammar printed in 1805, and is the system by which every language is acquired in the nursery, etc., etc.”

It was no doubt his intention that the Abbé Ch. Bossut, the celebrated Mathematician, who died in 1814, at Paris, should be taken for the above.

BOZ, _pseud._ [CHARLES DICKENS].

Sketches by Boz, illustrative of Every-day Life. 1836. 1837. Memoirs of Grimaldi. 1838. Oliver Twist and Nicholas Nickleby, in German, 1838-40. Frequently republished.

BROWN (Thomas) the Younger, _ps._ [THOMAS MOORE].

Intercepted Letters, or the Two-penny Post Bag. 8th edit., 1813. The Fudge Family in Paris. 8th edit., 1818. The Fudges in England, 1835. The latter was reviewed in The Edinburgh, 1836.

BRYANT (William Cullen).

A literary hoax was played off in the name of this celebrated American poet by the editor of the _Buffalo Republic_ in order, as he alleged, to establish what we believe to have been fully established long since, viz., that no matter how atrocious an effusion might be, the name of a known poet appended to it, would render it true poetry in the eyes of a large majority of poetry readers. Having succeeded in deluding his readers, who, no doubt felt delighted with the amusing trick, it afterwards came out that the trashy verses were the editor’s own.--_Notes & Queries_, 2 s., vii.

BUNTLINE (Ned) _pseud._ [EDWARD Z. C. JUDSON].

The King of the Sea, 1848. The G’hals of New York, 1850. Grassbeak Mansion, a Mystery of New York, 1864. Life in the Saddle, New York, 1866. And others.

BURKE (Edmund) _imitator_ [Rt. Hon. EDMUND BURKE].

A Vindication of Natural Society.... In a letter to Lord * * * * by a Late Noble Writer [_impostor_], 1756.

In this Burke imitated the style of “A late Noble Writer” so closely, that Mallett, his executor, went to Dodsley’s, the publisher’s shop, when full, and publicly disavowed it. Burke had also written in 1749, some pieces in imitation and ridicule of Dr. Charles Lucas. The “imitation” was so complete as to deceive the public.--_Life by Peter Burke._

Burke’s “imitation,” as it is mildly termed, of Lord Bolingbroke was a cheat and fraud on the public, and is so highly to be condemned, that any writer of the present day who attempted a deceit of this kind, would deserve the utmost censure.

BURNS (Robert), Poet.

Many readers will doubtless wonder why this name figures in our list. It is not a pseudonym! and surely Nature’s Poet could not have been a plagiarist, or impostor! No. Burns was no impostor, but he was himself deceived by an imposture, and as is generally the case, for the sake of gain. We have it on the very excellent authority of Mr. William Chappell, that the result of the deception practised upon Burns and the Scottish public is, that whereas Burns intended to write only to Scotch tunes, literally one half of his songs, were written, and are still published to _English_ or Irish airs--principally to English.

See Notes and Queries.

C.

C., _init._ [ARTHUR CLEAVELAND COXE].

Christian Ballads. New York, 1840.

C., _initialism_ [Rt. Hon. JOHN WILSON CROKER].

Notes in “Notes and Queries,” see 2nd s., viii. 52, 1859.

C * * * * * * (Hugh) _disg.-aut._ [HUGH CAREW].

Life of Sir R. Carew. 1811.

CŒLEBS (of the Portland Club) _demonym_ [CARLYON].

The Law and Practise of Whist. _Hardwicke_, 1851. Several editions.

CAM, _pseud._ [WALLER LEWIS, M.D.].

Whist: what to Lead. 3rd edit. _Longman_, 1866.

C. A. M. W. _initialism_ [CHARLES WOOLEY].

Uncle Clive, a tale, 1865. My Sister Dagmar, 1867.

CARLTON (George) Admiral, _pseudonym_ [GEORGE IV., King of Great Britain and Ireland].

The Voyage of ---- in search of Loyalty, a poetic Epistle. 2nd edition, 1820.

CASTEL CHIUSO (Giorgione di) _ps._ [PETER BAYLEY].

Sketches from St. George’s Fields. 1st Series. _Stodart_, 1820. 2nd S., 1821. Illustrations. Ded. of 2nd S. signed: An Unknown Author.

CAVENDISH _pseud._ [ ]

To all who smoke: a few words in defence of Tobacco. 1857.

CAVENDISH, _ps._ [HENRY JONES, M.R.C.S.].

The Laws and Principles of Whist. Eighth edition. De La Rue & Co., 1864. This work has been pirated by D. Appleton & Co., of New York.

The Pocket Series of Whist, and several others.

In London Society, 1865 and 1866. Chamber’s Encyclopædia, Art.: Whist. And numerous Articles in the Field, commencing Dec., 1862, under other pseudonyms.

CAXTON (Pisistratus) _pseud._ [EDWARD GEORGE EARLE LYTTON BULWER LYTTON, Baron LYTTON].

My Novel, 1853. What will he do with It? 1859.

Caxtoniania; a series of Essays on Life, Literature, and Manners, 2 vols., 1863. The Boatman, a poem. 1864.

Lord Lytton frequently publishes in Blackwood’s Magazine first.

CAXTON (Tim.) _ps._ [JOHN CLOSE]. See DOWELL (S.) _ps._

C. B., _initialism_ [CHARLES BATHURST].

Remarks on the Differences in Shakespeare’s Versification, in different periods of his Life. 1857.

Selections from Beaumont and Fletcher. _Parker._

C. C., _init._ [CHARLES CLARK, of Great Totham Hall, Essex].

Tiptree Races: a comic punning Poem, _à la_ Hood’s celebrated “Epping Hunt.” By “C. C.” or,

“A _Clark_--foredoom’d his father’s soul to cross, Who pens a stanza when he should engross!”

_Longman & Co._ 1834.

C. E., _initialism_ [CHARLOTTE ELIZABETH, q.v.].

Maternal Martyrdom, a fact, illustrative of the Improved Spirit of Popery in the 19th century. [1830].

CECIL, _pseud._ [WILLIAM HONE].

Cecil’s Sixty Curious, Interesting, and Authentic Narratives. Lond. _Beckley_, 1824, and Boston, U.S., 1825.

CECIL, _pseud._ [CORNELIUS TONGUE].

The Stud Farm, 1851 and 1856.--Stable Practice, 1852.--Records of the Chase, 1854.--Hints on Agriculture, 1858.--Hunting Tours, 1864.

C. E. K., _init._ [KELLY].

Little Apple Blossom. Boston, 1863.

CELATUS, _pseudonym_ [OWEN].

The Public Pearl, or Education the People’s Right and the National Glory. 1854.

C. F. G., _initialism_ [Mrs. GORE].

Quid Pro Quo: or the Day of Dupes; the Prize Comedy. 3rd edit. [1844].

C. G. H., _initialism_ [HAMILTON].

The Exiles of Italy, Edinb., 1837. The Curate of Linwood, 1845. Margaret Waldegrave, Edinb., 1846. Amy Harrington, or a Sister’s Love, 1848. Constance Lindsay, or the Progress of Error, Edinb., 1849.

CHAM, _pseud._ [DE NOÉ, second son of the Comte de Noé, “pair de France”].

A Parisian draughtsman and author, of great celebrity for the comicality of his Characters, chiefly in the “Charivari,” “l’Illustration,” &c.

CHARFY (Guiniad) _pseud._ [GEORGE SMEETON, printer of St. Martin’s Lane, who, with his wife, was burned to death].

The Fisherman, or the Art of Angling made easy [1800?] A Compilation, of no value.

J. R. S.

CHARLOTTE ELIZABETH, _prenonym_ [PHELAN, afterwards TONNA].

Under her Christian names this lady wrote upwards of fifty books for children, tales, etc. 1825-62.

CHATTERTON (Thomas) _literary forger_.

When very young, his sister says, a manufacturer promised to make Mrs. Chatterton’s children a present of some earthenware; on asking the boy what device he would have painted upon his--“Paint me (said Chatterton) an angel, with wings, and a trumpet, to trumpet my name over the world.”--_Life by Dr. Gregory_, 1803.

The Execution of Sir C. Bawdin [a poem]. By Thomas Rowley. 1772. 4to.

Poems supposed to have been written at Bristol, by Thomas Rowley [a monk], and others in the 15th Century; the greatest part now first published from the most authentic copies, with an engraved specimen of one of the MSS., to which are added a preface, an introductory account of the several pieces, and a glossary [edited by T. Tyrwhitt, with a frontispiece]. Lond. 1777. 8vo. Numerous editions.

For much of the following brief notice of the impostures of this unfortunate, mad genius, we are indebted to an article by our respected friend, Mr. Frederick Lawrence, who has kindly given us permission to make such use of his articles in Sharpe’s London Magazine as suit our purpose.

“Chatterton’s _first_ forgery, although of the nature of an innocent hoax--a mere schoolboy’s trick--is deserving of some little attention, as illustrating in a striking manner, not merely his profound skill in the art of deception, but his ready insight into human character, and quick perception of individual weakness and peculiarities. A pewterer of Bristol, named Burgum, had taken some notice of him, and whilst treating him as a mere boy, had encouraged a degree of intimacy which gave Chatterton an opportunity of practising on his credulity. He soon found that Burgum was a vain man, and just the person to be tickled and inflated with the pride of ancestry; so he set to work and deduced his pedigree from one of the companions of the Conqueror. From documents which he pretended to have discovered in the muniment room of the Church of St. Mary, Redcliffe, he compiled a history of the ‘De Bergham’ family; and furthermore produced a poem, entitled ‘the Romaunt of the Cnyghte,’ written by one John de Bergham, who flourished in the 14th century. As Chatterton had suspected, the worthy pewterer was too well pleased to permit himself to doubt the authenticity of the document which conferred on him such an amount of ancestral dignity; and thus auspiciously commenced the course of Fraud which ended in the production of Rowley.”

Then came the forged account of the opening of an old bridge, sent to the printer of Farley’s Bristol Journal, introduced by a letter, signed ‘Dunhelmus Bristoliensis,’ intimating that it was taken from an old MS.

This again went down, and the game went on merrily: it was followed by another. Chatterton was found out, and told a good round lie to account for his possession of the MSS.

His next fraud was perpetrated at the expense of a Mr. Catcott, who was then writing a history of Bristol, and for whose benefit Chatterton manufactured an account of Bristol, by Turgot or Turgotus, “translated by T. Rowley, out of Saxon into English.”

Chatterton emboldened by success, next wrote to Horace Walpole, who, though at first deceived, soon discovered the cheat, and gave him kindly advice. “Too cautious and sensitive to become the dupe of a lawyer’s apprentice, he now drew back, and wrote the young enthusiast an edifying homily on the danger and disgrace of forgeries, and urged him to stick to his business, and relinquish his poetical aspirations.”

Horace Walpole had just before been made the instrument of introducing into the world the Macpherson forgeries. Chatterton, instead of following it, was indignant at the advice given--advice which certainly did not come from one who himself had acted on it; for, be it remembered, “The Castle of Otranto” was said in the preface to have been discovered “in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England, and printed at Naples, in black letter, in the year 1529!”

“Chatterton took his revenge on Walpole, and expressed his resentment in some spirited lines, which have been published in a recent memoir. We select a few couplets as _apropos_ to our remarks:

“Thou mayst call me cheat; Say didst thou never practice such deceit? Who wrote Otranto?--But I will not chide; Scorn I’ll repay with scorn, and pride with pride; Still, Walpole, still thy prosy chapters write, And twaddling letters to some fair indite; Laud all above thee, fawn and cringe to those Who for thy fame were better friends than foes.”

It is not our purpose to linger on Chatterton’s ultimate unfortunate fate. That of literary forgers seems almost as sure and inevitable as those of a commoner order, and though not visited upon them physically by the law of the land, the punishment has hitherto been unerring, and even more severe.

For the controversy which these forgeries excited, we must refer our readers to the works mentioned in Lowndes by Bohn, and to the article in Allibone’s Dictionary of English Literature.

CHRISTABEL, _pseud._ [Miss MAHONY, of Kenmare].

Poems on various subjects and occasions.

CHURNE (William) _pseud._ [F. E. PAGET].

The Hope of the Katzekopfs; a fairy tale, 1845.

C. H. R., _init._ [ROSS].

Ye Comical Rhymes of Ancient Times Dug up into Jokes for small folks [1862]. Roundabout Papers, and Roundabout Stories, with square about pictures by ---- [1866].

CIVIS, _pseud._ [GEORGE THOMSON].

Statement and Review of a recent Decision of the Judge of Police in Edinburgh, authorising his Officers to make domiciliary visits in private to stop Dancing, etc. Edinb., 1807.

“This statement is by George Thomson, the correspondent of Burns and the editor of his songs. The judge was a hot-headed blockhead of the name of Tait, who first rode on the rigging of his commission, till he spoiled the first police system, and then had the good luck to get about £300 a year to give up his office.” H. C.

MS. note in the copy at the British Museum by Lord Cockburn.

CIVIS, _pseud._ [A. PETERKIN?]

A Letter to the Rt. Hon. E. Erskine ... relative to the act ... for regulating the Police of Edinburgh. Edinb., 1806. A second Letter, 1807.

CIVIS, _pseud._ [Baron STOWELL].

Some Observations upon the Argument drawn by Mr. Huskisson and the Bullion Committee from the High price of Gold Bullion ... 1811.

CIVIS, _pseud._ [JOHN COLES].

The Corporation Commission and the Municipal Companies of London. Letters of CIVIS on the Opinions of Sir J. Scarlett, Mr. Follett, and Mr. Rennell. 1834.

C. K., see A Minute Philosopher. [KINGSLEY].

CLADPOLE (Tim) _phrenonym_ [RICHARD LOWER, of Chiddingly].

Tom Cladpole’s Journey to Lunnun, told by himself, and written in pure Sussex doggerel by his Uncle Tim. Brighton, 1831. The sixth thousand, 1849. New edition, 1850.

J. R. S.

Jan Cladpoles’s Trip to ’Merricur ... written all in rhyme by his Father, T. C. Hailsham [1844].

CLARIBEL, _pseud._ [Mrs. BARNARD].

Fireside Thoughts, Ballads, etc. 1865. This lady is well known for numerous popular songs.

CLARK (Rev. T.) _pseudo-titlonym_ [JOHN GALT, the Novelist. and Traveller].

A tour of Asia, abridged from the most popular modern Voyages and Travels, etc. 2nd edition, _Souter_ [1820]. Modern Tour of Europe.--The Wandering Jew, or The Travels and Observations of Hareach the Prolonged. 1820.

The first letters of the last four sentences in the book make the author’s name: G[reatness], A[ll], L[iterally], T[o].

CLARKE (Rev. C. C.) _pseud._ [Sir R. PHILLIPS?]

The Hundred Wonders of the World, by ----, Author of Readings in Natural Philosophy. 1818.

CLARKE (John) _pseud._ [Rev. T. H. HORNE].

Bibliotheca Legum. 1810.

It is said that the materials were collected by the publisher Clarke, but that the whole were arranged, corrected, and edited by Horne. The materials for this volume might have been easily collected in a single day. Clarke’s name has no right to appear as the editor.

CLEISHBOTHAM (the Younger) [ ].

A Handbook of the Scottish Language. Edinb., 1858.

CLEISHBOTHAM (Jedediah) Schoolmaster and Parish Clerk of Gandercleugh, _ps._ [Sir WALTER SCOTT, Bart.]. Tales of my Landlord, collected and arranged by ----. Edinburgh, 1817-1832.

The reader may search and search in vain, in Lockhart’s Life of Scott, which is as miserably deficient of bibliography as it is replete with biography, for information as to the Tales of my Landlord having been sent forth under a pseudonym.