Folkways A Study of the Sociological Importance of Usages, Manners, Customs, Mores, and Morals

Definition and mode of origin of the folkways.--The folkways are a societal force.--Folkways are made unconsciously.--Impulse and instinct; primeval stupidity; magic.--The strai...

Specification of the subject.--Meaning of "immoral."--Natural functions.--The current code and character.--Definitions of chastity, decency, propriety, etc.--Chastity.--Pagan li...

Life policy.--Oaths; truthfulness vs. success.--The clever hero.--Odysseus, Rother, Njal.--Clever heroes in German epics.--Lack of historic sense amongst Christians.--Success po...

Social selection by the mores.--Instrumentalities of suggestion.--Symbols, pictures, etc.--Apparatus of suggestion.--Watchwords, catchwords.--"Slave," "democracy."-- Epithets.--...

Meaning of sex mores.--The sex difference.--Sex difference and evolution.--The sex distinction; family institution; marriage in the mores.--Regulation is conventional, not natur...

Origin and motives.--Slavery taught steady labor.--Servitude of group to group.--Slavery and polygamy.--Some men serve others.--Freedom and equality.--Figurative use of "slave."...

Introduction.--The mores have the authority of facts.--Whites and blacks in southern society.--The mores are unrecorded.-- Inertia and rigidity of the mores.--Persistency of the...

Processes and artifacts of the food supply.--Fishing.--Methods of fishing.--The mystic element.--Religion and industry.-- Artifacts and freaks of nature.--Forms of stone axes.--...

Laureolus, a robber, was crucified and torn, as he hung on the cross, by a bear; Dædalus, when his wing broke, was precipitated amongst bears who tore him to pieces; and Orpheus...

burned. At the end of the seventh century b.c. some priestly families connected with the temple of Amon at Napata, Egypt, by way of reform, introduced the custom of eating the m...

Men's clubhouses.--Consecrated women.--Relation of sacral harlotry and child sacrifice.--Reproduction and food supply.-- The Gilgamesh epic.--The Adonis myth.--Religious ritual,...

The able-bodied and the burdens.--The advantages and disadvantages of the aged. Respect and contempt for them.-- Abortion and infanticide.--Relation of parent and child.-- Popul...

The exaggeration of opposite policies.--Failure of the mores and revolt against expediency.--Luck and welfare; self-discipline to influence the superior powers.--Asceticism in J...

Kinship.--Forms of kinship.--Family education.--Kinds of kinship.--How family mores are formed.--Family and marriage.-- Goblinism and kinship; blood revenge.--Procreation; forms...

mystical notions, which it is impossible to understand. Marriage and Christ's headship of the church are said to explain each other or to be parallel, but it is not possible to...

Cannibalism.--Origin in food supply.--Cannibalism not abominable.--In-group cannibalism.--Population policy.-- Judicial cannibalism.--Judicial cannibalism in ethnography.-- Out-...

Definition.--Incest notion was produced from the folkways.--The notion that inbreeding is harmful.--Status-wife, work-wife, love-wife.--The abomination of incest.--The incest ta...

Introduction.--Notions of labor.--Classical and mediæval notions.--Labor has always existed.--Modern view of labor.-- Movable capital in modern society; conditions of equality;...

Demonism and the aleatory interest.--Universality of primitive demonism.--Uncleanness.--Female uncleanness.--Uncleanness in ethnography.--Uncleanness in higher religions.--Uncle...

The mores define the limits which make right and wrong.--Public punishments.--Prisons in England in the eighteenth century.-- Wars of factions; penalties of defeat.--Bundling.--...

The superstition of education.--The loss from education; "missionary-made men."--Schools make persons all on one pattern; orthodoxy.--Criticism.--Reactions of the mores and educ...

Limits of the study, Introduction.--Literature and drama in ethology.--Public amusements of the uncivilized; reversion to archaic, "natural" ways.--Chaldean and Mexican myths of...

Mores lead to institutions.--Aleatory interest in marriage and the function of religion.--Chaldean demonism and marriage.-- Hebrew marriage before the exile.--Jewish marriage af...

and the mores, with an analysis of their play in human society. Chapter II shows the bearing of the folkways on human interests, and the way in which they act or are acted on. T...