Earthquakes and other earth movements

_Evidences of oscillation._—By earth oscillations are meant those slow and quiet changes in the relative level of the sea and land which geologists speak of as elevations or sub...

Nature of earthquake vibrations—Many instruments called seismometers only seismoscopes—Eastern seismoscopes, columns, projection seismometers—Vessels filled with liquid—Palmieri...

Approximate determination of an Origin—Earthquake-hunting in Japan—Determinations by direction of motion—Direction indicated by destruction of buildings—Direction determined by...

Types of buildings used in earthquake countries—In Japan, in Italy, in South America, in Caraccas—Typical houses for earthquake countries—Destruction due to the nature of underl...

Sea vibrations—Cause of vibratory blows—Sea waves: Preceding earthquakes; Succeeding earthquakes—Magnitude of waves—Waves as recorded in countries distant from the origin—Record...

The destruction of buildings is not irregular—Cracks in buildings—Buildings in Tokio—Relation of destruction to earthquake motion—Measurement of relative motion of parts of a bu...

Modern views respecting the cause of earthquakes—Earthquakes due to faulting—To explosions of steam—To volcanic evisceration—To chemical degradation—Attractive influence of the...

Artificially produced tremors—Observations of Kater, Denman, Airy, Palmer, Paul—Natural tremors—Observations of Zöllner, M. d’Abbadie, G. H. and H. Darwin—Experiments in Japan—W...

By means of a number of instruments distributed at various localities round Tokio, the chief of which were pendulums with friction pointers to render them ‘_dead beat_,’ and wit...

Definition of an earth pulsation—Indications of pendulums—Indications of levels—Other phenomena indicating the existence of earth pulsations—Disturbances in lakes and oceans—Phe...

1. Cracks and fissures—Materials discharged from fissures—Explanation of fissure phenomena. 2. Disturbances in lakes, rivers, springs, wells, fumaroles, &c.—Explanation of these...

Ideas of the ancients (the views of Travagini, Hooke, Woodward, Stukeley, Mitchell, Young, Mallet)—Nature of elastic waves and vibrations—Possible causes of disturbance in the E...

The occurrence of earthquakes in relation to the position of the heavenly bodies—Earthquakes and the moon—Earthquakes and the sun; and the seasons; the months—Planets and meteor...

_Seismic energy in relation to geological time._—If we admit that seismic energy is only a form of volcanic energy, it must also be admitted that any cause tending to produce a...

_Depth of centrum._—The first calculations of the depth at which an earthquake originated were those made by Mallet for the Neapolitan earthquake of 1857. These were made on the...

Relationship of man to nature—The aspect of a country is dependent on geological phenomena—Earthquakes an important geological phenomenon—Relationship of seismology to the scien...

Result of feelings—The direction of motion—Instruments as indicators of direction—Duration of an earthquake—Period of vibration—The amplitude of earth movements—Side of greatest...

General nature of predictions—Prediction by the observation of unusual phenomena (alteration in the appearance and taste of springs; underground noises; preliminary tremors; ear...

Experiments with falling weights—Experiments with explosives—Results obtained from experiments—Relative motion of two adjacent points—The effect of hills and excavations upon th...

General distribution of earthquakes—Occurrence along lines—Examples of distribution—Italian earthquake of 1873—In Tokio—Extension of earthquake boundaries—Seismic energy in rela...

_Connection between earthquakes and volcanic eruptions._—Insomuch as it is a recognised fact that regions which are characterised by their seismic activity are chiefly those whi...

_Changes in the barometer and earthquakes._—Mallet, who collected together a number of examples of earthquakes which have occurred with a fall of the barometer, and a number whi...

These comprise _Earthquakes_, or the sudden violent movements of the ground; _Earth Tremors_, or minute movements which escape our attention by the smallness of their amplitude;...

Ideas of the ancients (the views of Travagini, Hooke, Woodward, Stukeley, Mitchell, Young, Mallet)—Nature of elastic waves and vibrations—Possible causes of disturbance in the e...

PAGE Relationship of man to nature—The aspect of a country is dependent on geological phenomena—Earthquakes an important geological phenomenon—Relationship of seismology to the...

Approximate determination of an origin—Earthquake-hunting in Japan—Determinations by direction of motion—Direction indicated by destruction of buildings—Direction determined by...

Nature of earthquake vibrations—Many instruments called seismometers only seismoscopes—Eastern seismoscopes, columns, projection seismometers—Vessels filled with liquid—Palmieri...

Sea vibrations—Cause of vibratory blows—Sea waves: preceding earthquakes; succeeding earthquakes—Magnitude of waves—Waves as recorded in countries distant from the origin—Record...

The destruction of buildings is not irregular—Cracks in buildings—Buildings in Tokio—Relation of destruction to earthquake motion—Measurement of relative motion of parts of a bu...

Types of buildings used in earthquake countries—In Japan, in Italy, in South America, in Caraccas—Typical houses for earthquake countries—Destruction due to the nature of underl...

Experiments with falling weights—Experiments with explosives—Results obtained from experiments—Relative motion of two adjacent points—The effect of hills and excavations upon th...

Result of feelings—The direction of motion—Instruments as indicators of direction—Duration of an earthquake—Period of vibration—The amplitude of earth movements—Side of greatest...

Artificially produced tremors—Observations of Kater, Denman, Airy, Palmer, Paul—Natural tremors—Observations of Zöllner, M. d’Abbadie, G. H. and H. Darwin—Experiments in Japan—W...

Modern views respecting the cause of earthquakes—Earthquakes due to faulting—To explosions of steam—To volcanic evisceration—To chemical degradation—Attractive influence of the...

The occurrence of earthquakes in relation to the position of the heavenly bodies—Earthquakes and the moon—Earthquakes and the sun; and the seasons; the months—Planets and meteor...

1. Cracks and fissures—Materials discharged from fissures—Explanation of fissure phenomena. 2. Disturbances in lakes, rivers, springs, wells, fumaroles, &c.—Explanation of these...

General distribution of earthquakes—Occurrence along lines—Examples of distribution—Italian earthquake of 1873—In Tokio—Extension of earthquake boundaries—Seismic energy in rela...

General nature of predictions—Prediction by the observation of unusual phenomena (Alteration in the appearance and taste of springs; underground noises; preliminary tremors; Ear...

Definition of an earth pulsation—Indications of pendulums—Indications of levels—Other phenomena indicating the existence of earth pulsations—Disturbances in lakes and oceans—Phe...