Chapter 3

Ainsi ne font les maronners. Also ne doo not the maroners. Premiers des poissons de mer: First of fisshes of the see: 40

[[12]] [Headnote: NAMES OF SEA AND RIVER-FISH, AND OF WHITE MEATS.]

+De la mer vous viennent +Fro the see to you come Balainnes, porc de mer, Whales, pourpays, Cabellau, plays, esclefins, Coddelyng, plays, haddoks, Sugles, rayes, Sooles, thornbaks, 4 Merlens, esparlens, rouges, Whityng, sprotte, rogettis, Maqueriaulx, mulets, Makerell, molettis, Bresmes, aloses, esturgeon, Bremes, alouses, sturgeon, Frescz herencs, congres, Fressh hering, congres, 8 Herencs sorees. Reed heeryng. +Daultre poissons +Of othir fisshes De riuieres, mengíes: Of the river, ete: Carpres, anguilles, Carpes, eelis, 12 Lu[c]es, becques, becquets, Luses, pikes, pikerellis, Tenques, perques, Tenches, perches, Roches, creuiches, Roches, creuyches, Loques, gouuions, Loches, gogeorns, 16 Saulmon de pluiseurs maniers, Samon of diuerse maners, Saulmon de la meuse, Samon of the mase, Saulmon de scoche, Samon of scotland, Garnars, oysters, moules. Shrimpes, oystres, muskles. 20 Qui plus en scet plus, en no{m}me; Who knoweth more, name he more; Car ie ne scay de plus parler. For I ne knowe no more to speke.

++OR nommons les compenages ++NOw name we the white mete Et ce quon en fait. And that wherof is made. 24 Premierment laict et bure, First mylke and butter, Fromages dengletere, Chese of englond, Fromages de champayne, Chese of champayne, De brye, de berghes, Of brye, of berowe, 28 De vaches, de brebys, Of kien, of sheep, Fromages de chieueres; Chese of gheet; Oefs de gelynes, dauwe, Egges of hennes, of ghees, Oefs dannettes. Egges of dokes. 32 De laict et doefs Of mylke and of egges Faitton flans; Men make flawnes; De laict[1] bouly a le flour Of mylke soden with the flour Faitton rastons, Men make printed cakes, 36

[Footnote 1: laicts]

Et de chars pastees; And of flessh pasteyes; De craisme faitton bure; Of kreme make me butter; De laict de brebis Of the mylke of sheep Faitton gaufres; Make men wafres; 40

[[13]] [Headnote: NAMES OF FRUITS, TREES, HERBS, AND POT-HERBS.]

[Sidenote: P. 12.]

Wasteletz, rastons, Wastles, eyrekakis, Furent oublies. Were forgeten.

++DE fruit ores no{m}mer ++OF fruit shall ye here named Poires, pommes, prounes, Peres, apples, plommes, 4 Cherises, fourd[r]ines, Cheryes, sloes, Moures, freses, noix, Morberies, strawberies, notes, Pesques, nesples, Pesshes, medliers, Figes, roisin, Fyggis, reysins, 8 Amandes, dades. Almandes, dates.

++LEs noms des arbres: ++THe names of trees: Porrier, pommier, cherisier, Pere tree, apple tree, cherye tree, Pesquier, figier, mourier, Pesshe tree, fygtree, morbery tree, 12 Nesplier, prounier[1], chesne, Medliertree, plomtree, ooke, Fresne, gaucquier, Oliuier Asshe, nokertree, olyuetree, Saulx, espinier, palmier. Wylough, thorne, palmetree.

[Footnote 1: pronnier]

+Desoubz ces arbres +Vnder thise trees 16 Sont herbes souef[2] flairans. Ben herbes suete smellyng.

[Footnote 2: sonef]

Il ya roses vermeilles, blances, There ben roses reed, white, Mente, confite, et graine, Mynte, confyte, and grayne, Fleurdelyts, ouppe, Lelyes, hoppes, 20 Et hayes es prets. And hedges in medowes. +Es boys sont[3] les verdures, +In wodes ben the verdures, Grouseillers, grouselles, Brembles, bremble beries, Les treuue on souuent Ther is founden ofte 24 En gardins sur les mottes. In gardyns on the mottes.

[Footnote 3: sout]

+Ens es preets est herbes +Within the medewis is the grasse Dont[4] on fait faing; Wherof men make heye;

[Footnote 4: Dout]

Sy a des cardons et ortyes; So ben ther thistles and nettles; 28 +Encore sont en les gardins +Yet ben in the gardynes Rouges coulles et blanches, Rede cool and white, Porions, oignons[5], Porreette, oynyons,

[Footnote 5: oiguons]

Betes, cherfeul, persin, Betes, cheruyll, persely, 32 Saulge, ysope, tymon, Sauge, ysope, tyme, Laittues, pourcelaine, Letews, porselane, Querson, gelouffre, Kersses, geloffres, Naueaulx[6], aulx, feneulle, Rapes, gharlyk, fenell, 36 Espinces, borages. Spynache, borage.

[Footnote 6: Naneaulx]

++CE sont les pottages: ++THise ben the potages: Poys, feues; Pesen, benes; 40 Garnee quon fait de bled, Furmente whiche is made of whete,

[[14]] [Headnote: COMMON DRINKS.--MARCHANDISE OF CLOTHS.]

Chaudel pour les malades, Caudell for the seke, Gruwell et porrees. Growell and wortes.

[Sidenote: P. 13.]

++CE so{u}nt les buuraiges: ++THise ben the drynkes: Vin de rin et dausay[1], Rynyssh wyn and of elzeter, 4

[Footnote 1: dansay]

Vin de beane et de germole, Wyn of beane and of germole, Vin fransoys et de spayne, Frenssh wyn and of spayne, Muskadel & bastard, Muscadel and bastard, Vin dosoye et de garnate, Wyn of oseye and of garnade, 8 Vin de gascoyne, Wyn of gascoyne, Maluesye, romenye, Malueseye, romeneye, Vin cuit, vin gregois; Wyn soden, wyn greek; Ypocras & clarey sont fait Ypocras and clarey ben made 12 De vin & bonnes espices; Of wyn and good spices; Blanc vin, vin vermeil, White wyn, rede wyn,

[Footnote: (Cx. mermeil)]

Miel, mies, Hony, mede, Seruoise dangletere, Ale of englond, 16 Seruoise dalemayne; Byre of alemayne; Sydre est fait de pommes; Syther is made of apples; Boulie est faitte Boulye is made Diauwe & de leuain, Of water and of leuayn, 20 Et de tercheul. And of wurte. Fontaine boit on bien. Welle watre drynke me well, Liauwe boiuent les bestes; Watre drynke the bestes; Si bue[2] on les toilles. So wesshe me with all lynnenclothis. 24

[Footnote 2: buc]

[Sidenote: [CH. V.]]

++DAultres choses sa{u}ns attendre, ++OF othir thinge withoute taryeng, Endementiers quil me souuient, Whiles that I remembre, Vous veul deuiser et aprendre. I wyll to you deuise and teche. Se vous voules bergaignier Yf ye wyll bergayne 28 Draps ou aultres marchandisses, Wullen cloth or othir marchandise, Sy alles a le halle So goo to the halle Qui est ou marchiet; Whiche is in the market; Sy montes les degretz; So goo vpon the steyres; 32 La trouueres les draps: There shall ye fynde the clothes: Draps mesles, Clothes medleyed, Rouge drap ou vert, Red cloth or grene, Bleu asuret, Blyew y-asured, 36 Gaune, vermeil, Yelow, reed, Entrepers, moret, Sad blew, morreey, Royet, esquiekeliet, Raye, chekeryd, Saye blanche & bleu, Saye white and blew, 40

[[15]] [Headnote: HOW TO BUY CLOTH. HE TRIES TO BEAT HER DOWN.]

Escarlate en grain. Scarlet in grayne.

++SY poes commencer ++SO may ye begynne Par tele salutation By suche gretyng Co{m}me il est en primier chapitle. As it is in the first chapitre. 4

[Sidenote: P. 14.]

“Dame, que faittes vous laulne “Dame, what hold ye the elle De ces draps, Of this cloth? Ou que vault le drap entier? Or what is worth the cloth hole? Embrief parler, combien laulne?” In shorte to speke, how moche thelle?” 8 “Sire, rayson; “Syre, resone; Ie vous en feray rayson; I shall doo to you resone; Vous layres au bon marchie.” Ye shall haue it good cheep.” “Voir, pour cattel, “Ye, truly, for catell, 12 Dame, il conuient[1] gaignier. Dame, me must wynne.

[Footnote 1: coniuent]

Gardes que ien paiera.” Take hede what I shall paye.” “Quatre soulz de laulne, “Four shelynges for the elle, Sil vous plaist.” Yf it you plese you.” 16 “Ce ne seroit mie sens. “Hit ne were no wysedom. Pour tant vouldroie je auoir For so moche wold I haue Bonne[2] escarlate!” Good scarlete!”

[Footnote 2: Bonue]

“Vous aues droit, “Ye haue right 20 Se vous puisses. Yf ye maye. Mais iay encore tel But I haue yet somme Qui nest mie du meillour, Whiche is not of the beste, Que ie ne donroye point Whiche I wold not yeue 24 Pour sept souldz.” For seuen shelynges.” “Je vous en croys bien; “I you bileue well; Mais ce nest mye drap But this is no suche cloth De tant dargent, Of so moche money, 28 Ce scaues vous bien! That knowe ye well! Ce que vous en laires This that ye shall leue Le sera[3] vendre.” Shall be solde.”

[Footnote 3: See the Notes.]

“Sire, que vault il?” “Syre, what is it worth?” 32 “Dame, il me vauldroit “Dame, it were worth to me Bien trois souls.” Well thre shellyngs.” “Cest mal offert, “That is euyll boden, Ou trop demande; Or to moche axed; 36 Encores ameroie mieulx Yet had I leuer Quil fust dor in vostre escrin.” That it were gold in your cheste.” “Damoyselle, vous ne perderes “Damoyselle, ye shold not lese theron Ja croix; Neuer a crosse; 40

[[16]] [Headnote: HOW TO BUY CLOTH. THE METER NOT CALLED FOR.]

Mais dittes acertes But saye certainly Comment je lauray How shall I haue it Sa{u}ns riens laissier.” Withoute thyng to leue.” “Je le vous donray a vng mot: “I shall gyue it you at one worde: 4 Certes, se vous le aues, Certaynly, if ye haue it, Vous en paieres chinq souls Ye shall paye fyue shellyngs

[Sidenote: P. 15.]

De tant daulnes For so many elles Que vous en prenderes; Whiche ye shall take; 8 Car ie nen[1] lairay riens[2].” For I wyll abate no thyng.”

[Footnote 1: neu]

[Footnote 2: rieus]

“Dame, que vaudroit dont “Dame, what shall auaylle thenne Longues parolles? Longe wordes? Tailles pour moy une pair de robes.” Cutte for me a pair of gounes.” 12 “Combien en tailleray ie?” “How moche shall I cutte?” “Tant que vous quidies “Also moche as ye wene Que mestier mest As me shall nede Pour vng sourcote, For a surcote, 16 Pour vng cotte, For a cote, Pour vne heucque, For an hewke, Pour vne paire de chausses.” For a pair hosen.” “Sire, il vous en fauldra[3] “Sir, it you behoueth 20 Bien quinse aulnes.” Well fiften elles.”

[Footnote 3: enfauldra]

“De par dieu, tailles les. “In goddes name, cutte them. De quelle largesse est il?” Of what brede is it?” “De deulx aulnes et demye.” “Of two ellis and an half.” 24 “Cest bonne largesse. “That is good brede. Tailles a lautre deboute.” Cutte at that othir ende.” “Cest tout ung, par mon alme! “Hit is all one, by my soule! Mais ie le feroy volentiers.” But I shall doo it gladly.” 28 “Dame, messures bien.” “Dame, mete well.” “Sire, ie ne men confesseray ia “Sire, I shall never shriue me therof De ce que ie vous detenray.” Of that I shall with-holde yow.” “Dame, ce scay ie bien; “Dame, that knowe I well; 32 Si ie ne vous creusse If I had not trusted you Ieuis appelle le messureur.” I had called the metar.” “Sire, sil vous plaist, “Sire, yf it plese you, On lappellera.” He shall be called.” 36 “Nennil[4] voir, dame, “Nay truly, dame, Ie me tieng bien I holde me well Content de vous; Content with you;

[Footnote 4: Nenuil]

Car il me semble For me semeth 40

[[17]] [Headnote: PAYING THE BILL.--ENGLISH GROATS, FLEMISH COINS, ETC.]

Que vous maues[1] bien fait. That ye haue to me well done.

[Footnote 1: manes]

Ployes le de par dieu.” Folde it up in goddes name.” “Non[2] feray, sauue le vostre grace; “I shall not, sauf your grace; Je veul que vous messures.” I wyll that ye mete it.” 4

[Footnote 2: Nou]

“Dame, puis que ie me tieng “Dame, syth that I me holde Plainement content, Playnly content, Et puis que bien me souffist, And sith it well me suffyseth, Il nest besoin de le remesurer. It is no nede to mete it agayn. 8

[Sidenote: P. 16.]

Tien, valton, si le porte, Holde thou, boye, and bere it; Tu auras vng mayll. Thou shalt haue an halfpeny. Or, dame, combien monte Now, dame, how moche cometh it to, Ce que iay de vous?” This that I haue of you?” 12 “Sire, se vous me baillies “Syre, yf ye gyue to me Disenoof souls, xix shellyngs, Vous me paieries bien; Ye shall paye me well; Tant me debues vous.” So moche ye owe me.” 16 “Damoyselle, tenez, comptez.” “Damoyselle, holde, telle.” “Quelle monnoye “What moneye Me donnez vous?” Gyue ye to me?” “Bonne monnoye; “Good moneye; 20 Ce sont gros dangletere; Thise ben grotes of englond; Tels y a[3] de flaundres; Suche ther be of flaundres;

[Footnote 3: ya]

Patards et demi patards; Plackes and half plackes; Les vieulx gros dangletere The olde grotes of englond 24 Qui valent chincque deniers; Which be worth v pens; Les noueaulx valent iiij. deniers; The newe be worth foure pens; Vous le debues bien scavoir, Ye ought well to knowe, Qui tant dargent recepues.” That so moche moneye receyue[6].” 28

[Footnote 6: receyne]

“Vous dittes voir, sire.” “Ye saye trouthe, sire.” “Mais vous ameries mieulx “But ye had leuer Florins[4] du rin, Rynysh guldrens,

[Footnote 4: Florius]

Escutz du roy, Scutes of the kyng, 32 Royaulx nobles dangletere, Ryallis nobles of englond, Salutz door lyons, Salews of gold lyons, Viez estrelins deniers.” Olde sterlingis pens.” “Cest tout bonne monneye; “This is all good moneye; 36 Mais que ie le puisse doner?” Ye, and I may gyue it oute?” “Oyl, vous lez donerez[5] bien “Yes, ye shall gyue it oute well Dedains la ville Within the toune Et par tout le pays, And all aboute the contre, 40

[Footnote 5: alonerez]

[[18]] [Headnote: THE SELLER PLEASED. CLOTH OF MANY TOWNS.]

En touttes denrees, In all peny worthes, En touttes marchandyses.” In all marchandyses.” “Biau sire, ie me loe de vous; “Fair sire, I am well plesyd with you; Si que sil vous falloit Were it so that ye failled 4 Aulcune denree Ony ware Dont ie me mesle, Of whiche I medle with, Ou que jay entremayns, Or that I haue under hande, Vous le pourries emporter Ye may bere it a-waye 8 Sans[1] maille sans[2] denier; Withoute halpeny or peny; Sy bien maues paiet.” So well haue ye me payd.”

[Footnote 1: Saus]

[Footnote 2: saus]

[Sidenote: P. 17.]

“Tres grand merchis! “Right grete gramercy! Sachies que mon argent Wyte ye that[4] my siluer 12 Vous aries deuant[3] ung aultre. Ye shall haue tofore an othir.

[Footnote 4: that that]

[Footnote 3: denant]

Ce seroit droit Hit were right Pour vostre debonairete, For your goodlynes, Pour la courtoysie For the courtosye 16 Qui est en vous.” That is in you.” “Ce nest mye “It ne[5] is not Le derrain argent The last siluer Que vous ares de moy, That ye shal haue of me, 20 Comment ce que soit le premier. How be it that this is the first.

[Footnote 5: en]

++CAr il men fault ale fois, ++FOr me behoueth othir while, Et as mes compaignons, And to my felaws, Draps de maintes manires, Clothes of many maneris, 24 De pluiseurs villes, Of many tounes, De loundres, de euerwik, Of london, of yorke, De bristow, de bathon, Of bristow, of bathe, De paris, de roaen, Of parys, of roen, 28 De bruges, de gaund, Of brugges, of gaunt, De ypres, de tournay, Of ypre, of dornyk, De lylle, de dixmude, Of ryselle, of dixmuthe, De menin, de comines, Of menyn, of comynes, 32 De bailloil, de poperinghes, Of belle, of poperyng, De denremond, daloste, Of dendremonde, of aloste, De saincte omer, de valenciene, Of saint omers, of valensynes, Des brouxellis, de malins, Of brussels, of mechelyne, 36 De louuain, danuers. Of louayn, of andwerp.

++AInsi ie pense a aller, ++ALso I thinke to goo, Sil plaist a dieu, Yf it plaise to god, A le feste de bruges, To the feste of bruges, 40

[[19]] [Headnote: NAMES OF FAIRS, WOOL, HIDES, SKINS, SPICES.]

A le feste danuers, To the marte of andwarp, A le feste[1] de berghes, To the marte of berow,

[Footnote 1: festes]

A le feste de sterebrige, To the faire of sterbrigge, A le feste de salesburye, To the faire of salesbury, 4 A le feste de seynct bertilmeu To seint bartilmews faire Que serra a loundres, Whiche shall be at london, A le dedicacion de challons, To the chirchehalyday of chalons, A le foire de cambrige, To the faire of cambrigge, 8 A le procession de Westmonaistre, To the procession of Westmestre, A le procession general. To the procession general.

++SI achatteray des laines.” ++ANd I shall bye wulle.” “Coment donnes vous le poise? “How gyue ye the waye? 12

[Sidenote: P. 18.]

Que voules vous auoir du clau? What wyll ye haue of the nayll? Que donrai ie de la pierre? What shall I gyue for the stone? Que vault la liure What is worth the pound De cest laine daygneaulx?” Of this wulle of lambes?” 16 Vous responderes Ye shall ansuere Ainsi que est escript ailleurs. Also as it is wreton els where.

++ENcore ne lairoi ie mie ++YEt shall I not leue it Que ie ne achatte That I ne bye 20 Peaulx de vaches, Hydes of kyen, De quoy on fait cuyr. Wherof men make lether. De peaulx de chieures ou de bouk Of fellis of gheet or of the bukke Faitton bon cordewan; Make men good cordewan; 24 De peaulx de brebis Of shepes fellis Peult estre fait le basenne; May be made the basenne; Si en faitton parcemin So make men also perchemyn En quoy on escript. In whiche men write. 28 Or aues oyet Now haue ye herd Des draps, des laines, Of clothes, of wulle, Des peaulx, et des cuyrs Of fellis, and of lether, Tout en ung chapitle. Alle in one chapitre. 32

[Sidenote: [CH. VI.]]

++POur ce que ie ne suy ++FOr that I am not Especier ne apoticaire, Spycier ne apotecarie Ne scay mie nommer I can not name Touttes manieres despeces; All maneres of spyces; 36 Mais ien nomerai vne partie: But I shall name a partie: Gingembre, galigan, Gynger, galingale, Cubelles, saffran, Cubibes, saffran, Poiure, commin, Pepre, comyne, 40

[[20]] [Headnote: NAMES OF POWDERS, OILS, WAX, WRITING-TABLES, ETC.]

Chucre blanc & brun, Sugre white and broun, Fleur de cammelle, Flour of cammelle, Anijs, graine de paradis; Anyse, graynes of paradys; De ces choses faitton confections Of thise thinges be made confections 4 Et bonnes pou[d]res, And good poudres, De quoy on fait Wherof is made Bonnes sausses Good sausses Et electuaires de medicine. And electuaries for medicines. 8

++OR dirons nous des oyles. ++NOw shall we saye of the oyles. Oyle doliue & de semaile, Oyle of olyue and of feldeseed, Oyle doliette & de nauette, Oyle of mecop and of rapeseed, Oyle de lingnuyse, Oyle of lynseed, 12 Oyle de chenneue; Oyle of hempseed; Sy faitton moustarde. And men make mustard.

[Sidenote: P. 19.]

++IE achatteray choses ++I Shall bye thinges Dont on fait pointures: Wherof ben made paintures: 16 Asur et vert de spaigne Asure and grene of spayne, Vermeyllon, brezil, Vermeyllon, brasyll, Vernis, orpiement. Vernysshe, orpement.

++ENcore ie veul emploier ++YEt I wyll bystowe 20 Ung somme dargent en sel, A somme of siluer in salte, En poit, en harpoit, In pycche, in rosyn, En verde chire, In grene waxe, En rouge et gaune chire, In rede & yelow waxe, 24 En noir chire, In black waxe, De quoy on emplist Wherof be fyllyd Les tables The tables En quoy on aprend In which men teche 28 Les enfans escripre; The children to write; Et du sieu, And of siewet, Saing du porc The fatte of a swyne Pour faire pottages; For to make potages; 32 Saing de herencs; Sayme of hereng; On en oint les sorles. Men enoynte therwyth shoes.

++SE je treuue del alun, ++IF I fynde alume, Jen achatteray par balles, I shall bye by bales, 36 Car il appertient en la taincture; For it belongeth in the dyerye; Guades et guarance. Wood and mader. Mais comment que ie But how that I Moy entremelle Me entremete 40

[[21]] [Headnote: MEASURES, WEIGHTS, METALS AND OTHER WARES.]

A faire ce liure, To make this book, Et ie sache une partie And I know a partie Coment on no{m}me les choses; How men name the thinges; Pour ce ie ne scay mie Therfor I ne wote not 4 Comment ne pour combien How ne for how moche Que on vent les biens, That men selle the goodes, Par mesure ou par poix, By mesure or by weyght, Par quarters ou par sestiers, By quarters or by sextiers, 8 Par liures ou par demy liures, By poundes or by half poundes, Ou par onches, Or by vnces, Par ballances ou par to{n}niaulx, By balances or by barellis, Par vassiaulx ou par balles, By vessellis or by bales, 12 Par sacs ou par quierques. By sackes or by lastes. Si que chil So that he Que scauoir le veult That wyll knowe it Il le pourra demander He may axe it 16

[Sidenote: P. 20.]

Aux marchans At the marchans Qui bien le sceuent. Whiche well knowe it.