Part 205

=Infusion (Maiden-hair).= _Syn._ INFUSUM ADIANTI, L. From either common maiden-hair (_Adiantum capillus Veneris_), or Canadian maiden-hair (_Adiantum pedatum_). They are both slightly bitter, aromatic, and pectoral. The infusion forms an excellent demulcent drink in catarrhs.

=Infusion of Malam'bo Bark.= _Syn._ INFUSUM CORTICIS MALAMBO, L. _Prep._ (Ure.) Bark (from _Croton Malambo_), 2 dr.; boiling water, 1 pint. An aromatic tonic and astringent.

=Infusion of Mallow Flowers.= _Syn._ INFUSUM MALVÆ FLORUM, L. Pectoral and laxative. Chiefly used as a test.

=Infusion of Malt.= _Syn._ MALT TEA, SWEET WORT; INFUSUM BYNES, I. MALTI, L. Prepared with hot water (165° to 170° Fahr.). Demulcent and laxative. A useful drink in sore throat, inflammatory fevers, &c. Some persons flavour it with sliced lemon.

=Infusion of Ma''rygold.= _Syn._ INFUSUM CALENDULÆ, L. From the flowers of the common marygold (_Calendula officinalis_). Carminative, diaphoretic, and emmenagogue. It has been recently recommended in cancerous affections, both internally and as a lotion. Radius adds syrup of orange peel to flavour it.

=Infusion of Mat'ico.= _Syn._ INFUSUM MATICONIS, I. MATICÆ, I. MATICO, L. 1. From the leaves of the matico plant (_Artanthe elongata_). Aromatic, bitter, stimulant, and reputed hæmostatic; in internal hæmorrhages and mucous discharges. The Indians of South America use it as an aphrodisiac. (Martius.)

2. Compound; INFUSUM MATICONIS COMPOSITUM, L.--Watmough.) Matico and senna, of each 2 dr.; boiling water, 1 pint. In hæmorrhagic and other discharges, piles, &c.; a wine-glassful repeatedly.

=Infusion of May-weed.= _Syn._ INFUSUM COTULÆ, L. From the dried flowers of may-weed or stinking chamomile (_Anthemis cotula_). Bitter, stomachic, and diaphoretic; in large doses, emetic and sudorific; chiefly in hysterical affections, scrofula, &c.

=Infusion of Mea'dow Rue.= _Syn._ INFUSUM THALICTRI FLAVI, L. From the herb meadow rue (_Thalictrum flavum_). In hydrophobia, taken plentifully.

=Infusion of Mil'foil.= _Syn._ YARROW TEA; INFUSUM MILLEFOLII, L. In dropsies, and as a fomentation to bruises. See EXTRACT, &c.

=Infusion of Mint.= _Syn._ MINT TEA. 1. (Ph. D.--INFUSUM MENTHÆ SIMPLEX.) From the dried leaves of green or spearmint. Carminative and stomachic; chiefly used as a vehicle for other medicines. A wine-glassful _ad libitum_.

2. (Compound; INFUSUM MENTHÆ COMPOSITUM.) To mint tea 6 fl. oz., add of oil of spearmint, 3 drops, previously triturated with lump sugar, 2 dr., and dissolved in compound tincture of cardamoms, 1/2 fl. oz. A useful remedy in colic, flatulence, &c.; as the last.

=Infusion of Mu'dar.= _Syn._ INFUSION OF MUDAR-BARK; INFUSUM CORTICIS MUDARIS, L. From the root bark of _Calotropis gigantea_. Resembles infusion of ipecacuanha.--_Dose_, 1 to 3 teaspoonfuls, as an alterative; a wine-glassful as an emetic. In the East Indies it is highly esteemed in epilepsy, hysteria, syphilis, convulsions, and various spasmodic diseases.

=Infusion of Net'tle Seed.= _Syn._ INFUSUM URTICÆ SEMINUM, L. _Prep._ (Garde.) Seed of common nettle (_Urtica dioica_), 2-1/2 dr.; boiling water, 18 fl. oz.; infuse 3 hours, strain, and add of syrup, 2 fl. oz. Astringent, diuretic, and pectoral.

=Infusion of Nux Vom'ica.= _Syn._ INFUSUM NUCIS VOMICÆ, L. _Prep._ (Hosp. F.) Nux vomica (ground or rasped), 1 dr.; boiling water, 1 pint; digest 3 hours, and strain. It must be taken with caution, and the effects watched. See EXTRACT, NUX VOMICA, and STRYCHNINE.

=Infusion of Or'ange Peel.= _Syn._ INFUSUM AURANTII, B. P. _Prep._ 1. Dried bitter orange peel, cut small, 1 oz.; boiling water, 20 oz.; infuse for 15 minutes, and strain.--_Dose_, 1 to 2 oz. Bitter and stomachic.

2. (Compound; INFUSUM AURANTII--Ph. E., I. A. COMPOSITUM--Ph. L. & D., L.)--_a._ (Ph. L. & E.) Dried bitter orange peel, 1/2 oz.; fresh lemon peel, 2 dr.; cloves (bruised), 1 dr.; boiling distilled water, 1 pint; macerate for 15 minutes in a covered vessel, and strain.

_b._ (Ph. D.) Dried orange peel, 3 dr.; cloves, 1/2 dr.; boiling water, 1/2 pint; macerate half an hour. An agreeable stomachic. It is chiefly employed as a vehicle for other medicines.

_c._ (B. P.) Dried bitter orange peel, cut small, 1/2 oz.; fresh lemon peel, 120 gr.; cloves (bruised), 60 gr.; boiling water, 20 oz. Infuse for 15 minutes, and strain.--_Dose_, 1 to 2 oz.

3. (Concentrated Compound; INFUSUM AURANTII CONCENTRATUM, I. A. COM. CONC., L.)--_a._ Seville orange peel (dried), 3-1/4 lbs.; fresh lemon peel, 1-1/2 lb.; bruised cloves, 3/4 lb.; boiling water, 9 pints; infuse for 20 minutes, press out the liquor, and, when cold, add of rectified spirit, 1 quart, and filter.

_b._ Dried orange peel, 18 oz.; fresh lemon peel, 1/2 lb.; bruised cloves, 1/4 lb.; rectified spirit, 1 pint; cold water, 3 pints; macerate for 1 week, press, and filter. Very superior.

_Obs._ 1 fl. dr. of either of the above, added to 7 fl. dr. of water, makes a similar (preferable) preparation to the COMPOUND INFUSION OF ORANGE PEEL.--Ph. L.

=Infusion of Parei'ra.= _Syn._ INFUSUM PAREIRÆ (Ph. E. & D.), I. P. BRAVÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. E.) Velvet leaf or pareira brava root, 6 dr.; boiling water, 1 pint; macerate for 2 hours in a lightly covered vessel, and strain.

2. (Ph. D.) Pareira (bruised and torn), 1/2 oz.; boiling water, 9 fl. oz.; macerate 1 hour, and strain. In irritation and mucous discharges from the urinary organs. The corresponding preparation of the Ph. L. will be found among the DECOCTIONS.

=Infusion of Pars'ley Root.= _Syn._ INFUSUM PETROSELINI, L. From the root of garden parsley. Aromatic, diuretic, and slightly aperient. It has been highly recommended by Dr Chapman and others in dropsy, in the strangury arising from blisters, &c.; taken freely, either alone or combined with a little sweet spirit of nitre.

=Infusion of Peach Leaves.= _Syn._ INFUSUM PERSICÆ, I. P. FOLII, L. _Prep._ (Pereira.) Peach leaves (dried), 1/2 oz.; boiling water, 1 pint; macerate an hour, and strain.--_Dose_, 1 to 2 table-spoonfuls, twice or thrice a day; to allay irritation of the bladder and urethra, and as a vermifuge.

=Infusion, Pectoral.= _Syn._ INFUSUM PECTORALE, L. _Prep._ (Hosp. F.) Linseed (bruised), 3/4 oz.; coltsfoot leaves, 1/2 oz.; liquorice root (sliced) and poppy-heads, of each 1/4 oz.; boiling water, 1 pint; digest two hours, and strain. In coughs, colds, hoarseness, &c., accompanied with a dose of aperient medicine. See SPECIES, &c.

=Infusion of Pennyroy'al.= _Syn._ PENNYROYAL TEA; INFUSUM PULEGII, I. MENTHÆ PULEGII, L. A popular remedy for nausea, flatulence, colds, hooping-cough, hysterical affections, obstructed menstruation, &c.

=Infusion of Pep'permint.= _Syn._ PEPPERMINT TEA; INFUSUM MENTHÆ PIPERITÆ, L. In flatulence, colic, griping, &c., and as a vehicle for other medicines.

=Infusion of Periwin'kle.= _Syn._ INFUSUM VINCÆ MINORIS, L. From the leaves of lesser periwinkle (_Vinca minor_). Astringent and tonic; in diarrh[oe]a, dysentery, &c. Mr Weathers employs it in passive hæmorrhages, and others have recommended it as an external tonic applied to the perinæum, &c., in piles, relaxation of the genitals, &c.

=Infusion of Persim'mon.= _Syn._ INFUSUM PERSIMMONIS, L. From the bark of persimmon (_Diospyrus Virginiana_). Astringent; very valuable in diarrh[oe]a, hæmorrhages, agues, &c.; and as a gargle in ulcerated sore throat.

=Infusion of Peru'vian Bark.= See INFUSION OF BARK.

=Infusion of Pink'root.= _Syn._ PINKROOT TEA, WORM T.; INFUSUM SPIGILIÆ, L. 1. From Indian pinkroot. Vermifuge; either combined with or followed by a purge after the third or fourth dose. The dose for a child 3 to 5 years old is 1 to 2 table-spoonfuls.

2. (Compound; INFUSUM SPIGILIÆ COMPOSITUM, I. S. CUM SENNÂ, L.--Ellis.) Pinkroot, 1/2 oz., senna, 2 dr.; fennel seed, 3 dr.; manna, 1 oz.; boiling water, 1 pint.--_Dose_, 1/2 wine-glassful to a child 2 or 3 years old; in worms. See EXTRACT.

=Infusion of Pleu'risy Root.= _Syn._ INFUSUM ASCLEPIADIS TUBEROSÆ, L. From the root of butterfly weed or pleurisy root (_Asclepias tuberosa_). Expectorant and diuretic; in large doses, purgative; in colds, pleurisy, pneumonia, &c. According to Bigelow, it is a valuable mild tonic and stimulant.

=Infusion of Pois'on-oak.= _Syn._ INFUSUM RHOIS TOXICODENDRI, L. _Prep._ From the dried leaves of the poison-oak (_Rhus toxicodendron_), 3 dr.; boiling water, 1 pint. Stimulant and narcotic; chiefly in palsy and mania.

=Infusion of Pop'py-heads.= _Syn._ POPPY TEA; INFUSUM PAPAVERIS, L. From poppy-heads (capsules of _Papaver somniferum_). Soothing, anodyne. Sweetened with honey, it is a popular remedy for tickling cough, restlessness, &c.; also used hot, as an embrocation, in painful tumours, inflammations, &c. See INFUSION OF RED POPPY.

=Infusion of Pur'ging Flax.= _Syn._ INFUSUM LINI CATHARTICI, L. From the dried leaves of purging flax (_Linum catharticum_). Cathartic. The dose should be repeated at intervals of an hour or an hour and a half, until it operates.

=Infusion of Quas'sia.= _Syn._ QUASSIA TEA; INFUSUM QUASSIÆ (B. P., Ph. L. E. & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Quassia, in chips, 60 gr.; cold distilled water, 10 oz.; infuse for half an hour, and strain.--_Dose_, 1 to 2 oz.

2. (Ph. L.) Quassia (sliced), 40 gr.; boiling distilled water, 1 pint; infuse for 2 hours in a covered vessel, and strain.

3. (Ph. E.) Quassia, 1 dr.; boiling water, 1 pint.

4. (Ph. D.) Quassia (rasped), 1 dr.; boiling water, 8-1/2 fl. oz.

5. (Ph. U. S.) Quassia, 2 dr.; cold water, 16 fl. oz.; macerate for 12 hours, and strain. As a bitter tonic, in loss of appetite, dyspepsia, &c.; either combined with alkaline carbonates or chalybeates. Sweetened with moist sugar or honey, it forms a common FLY-WATER or FLY-POISON.

6. (Compound; INFUSUM QUASSIÆ COMPOSITUM, L.--Ellis.) Quassia, serpentary, and dried orange peel, of each 1/4 oz.; boiling water, 1 pint. A stimulant stomachic.

=Infusion of Red Cab'bage.= _Syn._ INFUSION OF BLUE CABBAGE. Used as a colour, and to make test-paper. It will not keep without the addition of about 1-10th of its weight of rectified spirit.

=Infusion of Red Pop'py.= _Syn._ RED-POPPY TEA; INFUSUM RH[OE]ADOS, L. From the petals of the red or corn poppy. Anodyne and pectoral. Sweetened with sugar or honey, it is a popular remedy in catarrhal affections: but the use of this, as well as of INFUSION OF POPPY-HEADS, should be accompanied by a dose of aperient medicine.

=Infusion of Rhat'any.= _Syn._ INFUSUM KRAMERIÆ (B. P.), INFUSUM RHATANIÆ, I. KRAMERIÆ (Ph. L. & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Rhatany, bruised, 1 oz.; boiling distilled water, 20 oz.; infuse 1 hour, and strain.--_Dose_, 1 to 2 oz.

2. (Ph. L.) Rhatany root, 1 oz.; boiling distilled water, 1 pint; macerate for 4 hours in a covered vessel, and strain.

3. (Ph. D.) Rhatany, 1/2 oz.; boiling water, 9 fl. oz.; macerate 1 hour, and strain. Astringent and tonic; chiefly in chronic diarrh[oe]a.

4. (Concentrated; INFUSUM KRAMERIÆ CONCENTRATUM, L.) From 8 times the usual quantity of ingredients, as INFUSION OF CASCARILLA.

=Infusion of Rhododen'dron.= _Syn._ INFUSUM RHODODENDRI, L. From the leaves of yellow rhododendron (_Rhododendron chrysanthum_), 1/2 oz.; boiling water, 1/2 pint. Highly recommended by Pallas and Koelpin in gout, chronic rheumatism, and syphilis. It has marked narcotic properties.

=Infusion of Rhubarb=. _Syn._ INFUSUM RHEI (B. P., Ph. L. E. & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Rhubarb (in thin slices), 1 oz.; boiling distilled water, 40 oz.; infuse for 1 hour, and strain.--_Dose_, 1 to 2 oz.

2. (Ph. L.) Rhubarb (sliced), 3 dr.; boiling distilled water, 1 pint; macerate for 2 hours in a covered vessel, and strain.

3. (Ph. D.) Rhubarb, 2 dr.; boiling water, 9 fl. oz.; macerate 1 hour.

4. (Ph. E.) Rhubarb (in coarse powder). 1 oz.; boiling water, 18 fl. oz.; infuse for 12 hours, add of spirit of cinnamon, 2 fl. oz,; and strain through linen or calico. Stomachic and purgative; along with neutral salts or aromatics.

_Obs._ The infusion of the Ph. E. being fully double as strong as that of the Ph. L. & D., must be taken in proportionate doses.

5. (Concentrated; Infusum rhei concentratum, L.)--_a._ Rhubarb (in coarse powder), 10 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 pint; cold distilled water, 1 quart; digest 10 days, with frequent agitation, then express the liquor, and filter it; or proceed by the method of displacement.

_b._ Rhubarb, 3 lbs. 5 oz.; cold distilled water, 11 pints; rectified spirit, 5-1/2 pints; as the last.

_Obs._ 1 fl. dr. of either of the above, added to 7 fl. dr. of water, forms 1 fl. oz. of liquid, resembling, and in many points preferable to, the infusion of the Ph. L. The above is the only way a fine, rich-coloured, and transparent concentrated preparation can be made, that will keep well. Should it not prove perfectly limpid, it may be clarified in the way already mentioned.

6. (Alkaline; INFUSUM RHEI ALKALINUM, I. R. CUM POTASSÂ, L.--Copland.) Rhubarb, 2 dr.; carbonate of potassa, 1 dr.; boiling water, 1/2 pint; macerate for 4 hours, strain, and add of tincture of cinnamon, 1/2 fl. oz. In dyspepsia, acidity, heartburn, &c.

=Infusion of Ro'ses.= _Syn._ INFUSUM ROSÆ, L., 1. (Simple.) From the petals of red roses. Used as colouring and for a test; mixed with vinegar and sweetened with honey, it forms a popular gargle in sore throat.

2. (Compound; INFUSUM ROSÆ--Ph. E. I. ROSÆ COMPOSITUM--Ph. L., I. R. ACIDUM--B. P., Ph. D.) _Prep._--_a._ Red rose petals (broken up), 1 oz.; dilute sulphuric acid, 1/2 oz.; boiling distilled water, 40 oz.; infuse for half an hour with the acid and water, and strain.--_Dose_, 1 to 2 oz.

_b._ (Ph. L.) Petals of the red or damask rose (dried and pulled asunder), 3 dr.; boiling water, 1 pint; mix, and add of dilute sulphuric acid, 1-1/2 fl. dr.; macerate for 2 hours, strain off the liquor, and dissolve in it white sugar, 6 dr. The Edinburgh form is nearly similar.

_c._ (Ph. D.) Petals, 2 dr.; boiling water, 1/2 pint; infuse 1 hour, strain, and add of dilute sulphuric acid, 1 fl. dr.

_Obs._ A vessel or glass of stoneware should be used to make the infusion in, as metallic vessels injure the colour of the liquid, and are also attacked by the acid. The best plan is to add the dilute sulphuric acid to the water before pouring it on the leaves. The infusion may be squeezed out of the leaves with the hands.

The COMPOUND INFUSION OF ROSES is principally used as a vehicle for sulphate of quinine, saline purgatives, and some other medicines. It is astringent and refrigerant, and, when diluted with water, forms a pleasant drink in febrile disorders, phthisical sweats, hæmorrhages, diarrh[oe]a, &c. It also makes a very useful astringent gargle.--_Dose_, 1 to 4 fl. oz.; either alone or diluted with water. It is incompatible with the alkalies and earths, and their carbonates and their bicarbonates.

3. (Concentrated; INFUSUM ROSÆ CONCENTRATUM, L.)--_a._ Rose petals, 10 oz.; boiling distilled water, 3 pints; infuse for 2 hours, with frequent agitation, express the liquid, strain through a clean hair sieve, and add of dilute sulphuric acid, 4-1/2 fl. oz.; after agitation for 5 or 6 minutes, and repose for 2 or 3 hours, decant the clear portion, and filter through paper supported on calico; next, dissolve in the liquid 1-1/4 lb. of the finest white sugar, broken up into small lumps, but perfectly free from dust and dirt; lastly, pour the infusion into clean, stoppered, green-glass bottles, and, as much as possible, keep them from the light, and in a cool place.

_b._ Rose petals, 3-1/4 lbs.; boiling water, 2 gall.; diluted sulphuric acid, 24 fl. oz.; finest white sugar, 6-1/2 lbs.; as the last.

_c._ The same quantity of dilute sulphuric acid and cold water, as before; mix, and infuse the rose leaves in the liquid for 48 hours, then express, filter, and add the sugar. Product very fine, and keeps well without becoming gelatinous.

_Obs._ This preparation is 8 times as strong as that of the Ph. L. (2, _a_). Great care should be taken that the utensils are perfectly clean, especially the press, if one is employed; and earthenware glazed with lead should be avoided. The pressing should also be conducted as rapidly as possible, to avoid the colour being injured by the iron. Clean wrought iron does not readily injure the colour of infusion of roses before the addition of the acid. When the last formula is adopted, strong pressure of the leaves with the hands can alone be safely had recourse to. If the infusion does not filter quite clear through paper, it should be set aside for a few days, when, in general, it will be found to filter more readily and satisfactorily. Should it be wanted for immediate sale, the addition of the whites of 2 or 3 eggs, diluted with 2 or 3 ounces of water, followed by violent agitation of the liquid for a few minutes, and repose for an hour or two, will usually render it 'fine,' when it may be either decanted, or filtered should it require it. It will now pass rapidly through ordinary filtering paper, and at once run clear.

=Infusion of Rue.= _Syn._ RUE TEA; INFUSUM RUTÆ, L. Carminative, antispasmodic, emmenagogue, and vermifuge. It is a popular and useful remedy in flatulent colic, infantile convulsions, epilepsy, hysteria, suppressed menstruation, &c.

=Infusion of Rupture-wort.= _Syn._ INFUSUM HERNIARIÆ. _Prep._ Rupture wood, 2 dr.; boiling water, 1 pint.

=Infusion of Safflower.= _Syn._ INFUSUM CARTHAMI. _Prep._ Safflower, 2 dr.; boiling water, 16 fl. oz.; infuse for an hour.--_Dose._ A wine-glassful, as a diaphoretic.

=Infusion of Sage.= _Syn._ SAGE TEA; INFUSUM SALVIÆ, L. 1. From the leaves of common garden sage. Carminative and stomachic. In flatulence and dyspepsia, and diluted with water as a drink, to lessen the nightsweats in phthisis and fever, and to stop the secretion of milk after weaning.

2. (Compound; INFUSUM SALVIÆ COMPOSITUM, L.--Ellis.) Sage and boneset, of each 1/2 oz.; cascarilla, 1 dr.; boiling water, 1-1/2 pint; infuse until cold. A wine-glassful every 3 or 4 hours in hectic fever.

=Infusion of Sarsaparil'la.= _Syn._ INFUSUM SARZÆ, I. SARSAPARILLÆ (Ph. U. S.), L. 1. From the bruised root. Dr Hancock adds 1/2 fl. dr. of hydrochloric acid to each pint of the water employed, as a menstruum, by which he says the efficacy of the infusion is greatly increased. At St. George's Hospital a little liquorice root and solution of potassa is added for the same purpose.

2. (Compound; INFUSUM SARSAPARILLÆ COMPOSITUM, L.--Ph. D. 1826.) Sarsaparilla root (washed clean with a little cold water, and sliced), 1 oz.; lime water (cold), 16 fl. oz.; macerate for 12 hours, and strain. Inferior to the simple infusion, since both earths and alkalies lessen the solvent action of water on sarsaparilla. Use of both the above, similar to that of the DECOCTION.

=Infusion of Sas'safras.= _Syn._ SASSAFRAS TEA; INFUSUM SASSAFRAS, L. From sassafras chips. Alterative, stimulant, and sudorific; a popular remedy in various cutaneous, rheumatic, scrofulous, and syphilitical affections. Hufeland recommends the addition of a little liquorice root.

=Infusion of Sav'ine.= _Syn._ SAVINE TEA; INFUSUM SABINÆ, L. _Prep._ (Pereira.) Fresh savine leaves or herb, 1 dr.; boiling water, 8 fl. oz.; infuse in a covered vessel. Stimulant, emmenagogue, and vermifuge; in chlorosis, and suppressed menstruation depending on a torpid action of the uterine vessels; in chronic rheumatism, worms, &c.--_Dose_, 1 to 2 table-spoonfuls, cautiously administered.

=Infusion of Sax'ifrage.= _Syn._ SAXIFRAGE TEA; INFUSUM PIMPINELLÆ, L. From the root of burnet saxifrage (_Pimpinella Saxifraga_). Astringent; in diarrh[oe]a, and externally as a wash to remove freckles.

=Infusion of Scutella''ria.= _Syn._ INFUSUM SCUTELLARIÆ, L. _Prep._ (Dr Spalding.) Dried herb of _Scutellaria lateriflora_, in powder, 1-1/2 teaspoonful; boiling water, 1 pint. By teacupfuls, thrice daily, to prevent hydrophobia.

=Infusion of Sen'ega.= _Syn._ INFUSION OF RATTLE-SNAKE ROOT, SENEKA TEA; INFUSUM SENEGÆ (B. P., Ph. E.), I. POLYGALÆ (Ph. D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Senega, bruised, 1 oz.; boiling distilled water, 20 oz.; infuse 1 hour, and strain.--_Dose_, 1 to 2 oz.

2. (Ph. E.) Senega snake-root (bruised), 10 dr.; boiling water, 1 pint; infuse for 4 hours in a covered vessel, and strain.

3. (Ph. D.) Polygala root, 1/2 oz.; boiling water, 9 fl. oz. Stimulant, expectorant, and diuretic, either alone or combined with ammonia; in catarrhs, &c. See DECOCTION, EXTRACT, &c.

=Infusion of Sen'na.= _Syn._ SENNA TEA; INFUSUM SENNÆ (B. P., Ph. E.), I. SENNÆ COMPOSITUM (Ph. L. & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Senna, 1 oz.; ginger, sliced, 30 gr.; boiled distilled water, 10 oz.; infuse 1 hour, and strain.--_Dose_, 1 to 2 oz.

2. (Ph. L.) Senna, 15 dr.; ginger (bruised), 4 scruples; boiling water, 1 pint; macerate for an hour in a covered vessel, and strain.

3. (Ph. E.) Senna, 1-1/2 oz.; ginger, 4 scrup.; boiling water, 1 pint. (See No. 9, _below_.)

4. (Ph. D.) Senna, 1/2 oz.; ginger, 1/2 dr.; boiling water, 1/2 pint. Purgative.--_Dose_, 1 to 2 wine-glassfuls. It is usually given in doses of 1 to 1-1/2 fl. oz., combined with 3 to 6 dr. of Epsom salts, or other saline purgative, under the name of 'BLACK DRAUGHT,'

_Obs._ This infusion is very apt to spoil in warm weather, to prevent which Mr Squire recommends the addition of 1 gr. of nitrate of potassa to each ounce.

5. (Concentrated; INFUSUM SENNÆ CONCENTRATUM, L.)--_a._ Senna, 2 lbs. 1 oz.; tepid water, 1 quart, macerate for 12 hours, frequently stirring with a stick, and express the liquor; to the 'marc,' add of tepid water 1-1/4 pint, repeat the maceration for 3 hours, and again express the liquor with powerful pressure; mix the infusions, and after 2 hours' repose decant the clear portion, and evaporate it as rapidly as possible, by steam or a chloride of sodium bath, until it measures 1-1/2 pint; pour this into a strong bottle, and when nearly cold, add of rectified spirit, 1/2 pint; bruised ginger, 3-1/2 oz.; macerate a week with frequent agitation, and after repose for a few days decant the clear portion, and add dilute spirit (1 to 4), q. s. to make the whole measure exactly a quart.

_b._ Take 8 times the quantity of senna and ginger ordered in the Ph. L., put them into a displacement apparatus, either alone or mixed with clean washed sand, and transmit water, mixed with 1/4th part of rectified spirit, through the mass, until the proper quantity of infusion is obtained.

_c._ (Wholesale.) Alexandrian senna (best), 7 lbs.; unbleached Jamaica ginger (finest, bruised), 3 lbs.; rectified spirit and water, of each 1 gall.; macerate for 14 days, press out the fluid, filter, and set it aside in a well-corked bottle; then take of good East India senna, 25 lbs.; and the 'pressings' or 'marc' from the tincture, and macerate in the least possible quantity (10 or 12 galls.) of cold distilled water, for 12 or 14 hours, employing frequent agitation with a wooden spatula; next press out the liquid, and again macerate the 'marc' in cold distilled water (5 or 6 galls.) for 2 hours; press, mix the two liquors, strain, heat gradually to the boiling point, carefully separate the coagulated albumen and afterwards evaporate as quickly as possible to exactly 9 quarts; put the liquid at once into a vessel capable of holding 5 gallons, bung close to exclude the air, and when nearly cold add the 'tincture' obtained from the Alexandrian senna and the ginger; the whole must now be well agitated together, and allowed to stand for a week, when the clear portion must be carefully decanted into bottles (Winchester quarts) for sale.

_d._ As the last, but employing hot water, and limiting the period of the infusions to 2 hours and 1 hour.